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Objective: The aim of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of schema-based parenting and mindful parenting on sleep problems, aggression, and improvement of social interactions in children with mild autism spectrum disorder. Methods and Materials: The present study is applied in terms of its aim and quasi-experimental in terms of method, using a pretest-posttest design with a control group and a one-month follow-up period. The statistical population includes all children aged 7-12 years with mild autism spectrum disorder who were studying and receiving education in one autism center under the supervision of the Ministry of Education (Tabassum) and five autism centers under the supervision of the Welfare Organization (Ava, Armaghan Noor, Kavosh, Navide-Zendegi, and Takapo) in Mashhad. The groupings were conducted through random assignment. Out of these, 40 children (20 boys and 20 girls) and 40 mothers were selected as the research sample using purposive sampling. They were then randomly assigned to three groups: two experimental groups (each with 13 members) and one control group (with 14 members). Data collection was conducted using the Autism Social Skills Profile by Belini and Hopf (2007), the CARS questionnaire by Schopler (1988), the Aggression Questionnaire, and the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire by Owens, Spirito, and colleagues (2000). After collecting the questionnaires, the data were analyzed using SPSS-20 software. Findings: The results indicated differences in the effectiveness of schema-based parenting and mindful parenting on aggression in children with mild autism spectrum disorder. Additionally, there were differences in the effectiveness of schema-based parenting and mindful parenting on the improvement of social interactions in children with mild autism spectrum disorder. Furthermore, differences were observed in the effectiveness of schema-based parenting and mindful parenting on sleep problems in children with mild autism spectrum disorder. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that both schema-based and mindful parenting interventions significantly reduce aggression and sleep problems while enhancing social interactions in children with mild autism spectrum disorder. These findings suggest the effectiveness of incorporating these approaches in parenting programs to improve behavioral and emotional outcomes in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Household chaos has been shown to adversely associate with children's behavioral adjustment. However, the mechanism underlying the relationship between household chaos and children's behaviors is not yet fully understood. The current study proposes mindful parenting as an important mediating and moderating factor in the relationship between household chaos and child problem behaviors. This study also examines cultural influences in this process, comparing the UK and Türkiye, considering both mothers' and children's perspectives on mindful parenting. Cross‐sectional questionnaires were administered to mothers and their children aged 11–16 years in the UK (n = 90; 53.3% girl) and Türkiye (n = 154; 54.5% girl) in 2021. Mother reports of the Confusion, Hubbub, and Order Scale and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, as well as mother and child reports of Mindful Parenting Inventories for Parents (MPIP) and Children (MPIC), were used to assess household chaos, child problem behaviors, and mindful parenting, respectively. Multiple‐group path analysis revealed that household chaos was a significant indirect predictor of child problem behaviors via mindful parenting in both countries. Furthermore, simple slopes analysis showed that mindful parenting moderated the link between household chaos and child problem behaviors in the UK. Overall, our study sheds light on the importance of micro‐ and macro‐environmental factors and their interactions in children's adjustment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting (IM-P) Scale is widely used for assessing mindful parenting. However, there is a significant research gap regarding the relationship between mindful parenting in mothers of infants and their psychological well-being, as well as their infants' emotional and behavioral problems. Thus, this study evaluated the psychometric properties of the IM-P scale among Chinese mothers of infants aged 0 to 12 months. Methods: The study's final sample included 948 mothers in mainland China. Participants completed the IM-P scale, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, Parenting Stress Index, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised-Very Short Form online or on paper. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to determine the factor structure. Results: A 25-item Chinese version of the IM-P with six factors was developed based on the English version: listening with full attention, non-judgmental acceptance of parental functioning, emotional awareness of the child, compassion for the child, emotional awareness of the self, and emotional non-reactivity in parenting. Sufficient construct validity was supported by the fact that IM-P scores were moderately to strongly correlated with general mindfulness and weakly related or unrelated to a variety of unrelated constructs such as parenting stress, depression, and infant behavior. Furthermore, the Chinese IM-P demonstrated good reliability, including acceptable internal consistency and test–retest reliability. Importantly, IM-P scores predicted mothers' psychological distress and infant behavioral styles. Conclusions: The Chinese IM-P may be an effective and appropriate measure for clinicians and researchers studying mindful parenting in Chinese mothers of infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundMindful parenting is related to the physical and mental health of adolescents， but only few empirical studies have been conducted on the mindful parenting and none has addressed on the impact and actor-partner effects of mindful parenting on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via parenting stress.ObjectiveTo explore the impact and actor-partner effects of mindful parenting on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via parenting stress， so as to provide references for improvements in family education and interventions on behavioral problems in adolescents.MethodsA sample of 907 subjects （including family members and students） from three classes in each of five grades from grade 5 in elementary school to grade 9 in junior high school in Mianyang， Sichuan Province were selected from September 8 to 15， 2023. Parents were assessed with Mindfulness In Parenting Questionnaire （MIPQ） and Parenting Stress Index-Short Form （PSI-SF）， and students were required to fulfill aggressive behavior scale of Youth Self-Report （YSR）. Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to examine the correlation among the above scales. The actor-partner interdependence model was used to analyze the impact of mindful parenting on their own and their spouses' parenting stress， as well as the impact on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via parenting stress.ResultsA total of 472 families completed the effective questionnaires. Both father and mother's mindful parenting exhibited an actor effect on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via their own parenting stress， with the effect size of -0.018 （P=0.002） and -0.026 （P=0.012）. The partner effect sizes of father's mindful parenting and mother's mindful parenting on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via their spouse's parenting stress were -0.006 （P=0.026） and -0.007 （P=0.012）， respectively.ConclusionMindful parenting has been proven to have specific indirect impact on adolescents' aggressive behaviors through their own and their spouse's parenting stress， and the actor effect and partner effect are found both significant. ［Funded by Key Project of National Education Science Planning and Ministry of Education （number， DBA220439）］

Gender-based violence (GBV) has increased in the last decade, highlighting the need for significant attention to the prevention of physical and/or sexual violence. This situation is partially influenced by parenting in the family and is specifically reinforced by the involvement of fathers. This study aims to examine the effect of mindful parenting on GBV, with the father's involvement in parenting as a mediator. Data were collected using accidental sampling from 739 people (503 women and 236 men) aged between 18 to 23 years old. The instruments used in the study were the Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting (IM-P) scale (31 items, α = .953); the Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI) (26 items, α = .915); and the Social Norms and Beliefs about Gender-based Violence (GBV) Scale (30 items, α = .935). Mediation analysis served to test the research hypothesis. The research results indicate that mindful parenting has a significant effect on GBV, with the direct effect (β = -0.244, p .001) being lower than the indirect effect (β = -0.582, p .001), and the results of the Sobel test (z = -11.649, p = .000, p .001) suggest that this effect is mediated by the father's involvement in parenting. These findings emphasize the importance of increasing societal awareness regarding the significance of father involvement in parenting to reduce gender-based violence. Fathers should provide complete care by being physically and psychologically present, which could alleviate the mother's burden and diminish gender-based violence.

This article provides an innovative perspective of emotional-regulation and human flourishing which acknowledges the fundamental role of early parent-child experiences in shaping brain structure and functioning involved in emotional regulation and the central role of mindful parenting in facilitating emotional regulation in both parent and child (co-regulation). In this perspective paper the author underlines not only the central role of emotions and emotional regulation in human development and flourishing, but also the importance of maternal mental health, mindfulness, and a connected supportive community during pregnancy and postnatally in facilitating emotional regulation in both the caregiver and the infant and thus promoting secure attachment. The role of alloparenting and how we evolved to share childrearing is introduced, and emotional regulation is described not as an individual phenomenon but a relational embodied process. The associations between right brain functioning, mindfulness and secure attachment, all leading to emotional regulation, wellbeing, and resilience are described. Sharing findings and perspectives offer an opportunity for insights and reflection upon what strategies could be created to promote relational emotional regulation and wellbeing in early life, thus human flourishing leading to a peaceful society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Two key parental reflective capacities—mindful parenting (MP) and parental reflective functioning (PRF) — have been shown to promote healthy parent-child relationships through parents' increased sensitivity and responsiveness to their children's needs in spite of parenting stressors. Despite the theoretical overlap between these two constructs, researchers have continued to examine them independently. Therefore, the purpose of this scoping review was to review the overlapping and distinctive outcomes and correlates in the empirical MP and PRF literatures. Method: A comprehensive literature search across the MP and PRF literature for studies published from 2005 through early 2020 (pre-COVID-19 pandemic) was conducted. Results: A review of 301 articles (n = 180 MP and n = 121 PRF) revealed overlapping study outcomes and correlates, including improvement in parent and child well-being, parenting behaviors, and attachment. Both MP and PRF literatures suggest MP and PRF are amenable to intervention-induced changes, although mostly documented in White mothers, which results may not be generalizable to diverse populations. Conclusions: Researchers should consider the impact MP and PRF have on positive family relationships. Results suggest that scholars should consider investigating and intervening on MP and PRF simultaneously. Specifically, results identified MP and PRF convergent associations and perhaps synergistic impacts on positive parenting behaviors. Limitations and future directions are discussed. Preregistration: This review was not preregistered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research has shown that mindful parenting is positively associated with the healthy development of adolescents. However, few studies have examined this phenomenon from the perspective of positive youth development. Based on the positive youth development framework and self-determination theory, this study sought to investigate the roles of self-compassion and basic psychological needs satisfaction in the association between mindful parenting and positive youth development. A total of 687 Chinese adolescents (339 boys, Mage = 14.43, SDage = 1.57) were recruited and invited to completed the Mindfulness in Parenting Questionnaire, Self-Compassion Scale for Youth, Basic Psychological Needs Scale, and Positive Youth Development Scale. A chain mediation model was proposed to test the relationships between the research variables. The structural equation model results indicate that self-compassion and satisfaction of basic psychological needs can mediate the relationship between mindful parenting and positive youth development both separately and through chain-like mediation. Furthermore, this model has invariance across gender and school segments. These findings suggest that mindful parenting may play an important role in the positive development of adolescents through self-compassion and basic psychological needs satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There has been great interest in analyzing the potential of mindful parenting in promoting family well‐being. Studies indicated that there is a lack of research on the predictive relationship between parenting practice and youth emotional and behavioral problems analyzed from a multi‐informant perspective. This study evaluates the family‐centered profiles of mothers and fathers' mindful parenting and negative parenting and youth problems associated with those profiles. A total of 441 youths (aged 9–14 years), along with their parents, answered self‐report questionnaires in a three‐wave longitudinal study conducted over 1 year. A latent profile analysis was performed to examine the mindful parenting profiles and to identify their associations with youth emotional and behavioral problems and negative parenting as outcomes. The results of latent profile analyses supported a three‐profile solution: low mindful parenting family (35%), high maternal mindful parenting family (24%), and average mindful parenting family (41%). The low mindful parenting family profile showed the highest scores on negative parenting and youth emotional and behavioral problems. The high maternal mindful parenting family profile had the lowest scores on youth negative outcomes but demonstrated similar levels to those of the average mindful parenting family profile regarding negative parenting. Our findings highlight the importance of analyzing specific family profiles that help to develop personalized interventions with optimized treatments regarding family cohesion and environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although having strong influences on adolescents' optimal development, mother‐adolescent closeness is greatly challenged in early adolescence. Mindful parenting may be a protective factor for relational adjustment to early adolescence, but its connection with closeness within the mother‐adolescent dyad has not been adequately examined in the literature. This study aimed to investigate the effects of how mindful parenting on the day‐to‐day mother‐adolescent relationship dynamics, evaluating the relations between mindful parenting and mother‐adolescent closeness and the mediating role of adolescent self‐disclosure. A total of 76 Chinese mother–adolescent dyads completed a baseline measure of mindful parenting and 14‐day measures of adolescent‐report self‐disclosure, mother‐perceived closeness, and adolescent‐perceived closeness. Mindful parenting significantly predicted both mother‐perceived and adolescent‐perceived closeness, with adolescent self‐disclosure serving as a mediator. Adolescent self‐disclosure predicted higher mother‐adolescent closeness on the same day, but such effects did not carry over to the next day. Our findings provided evidence supporting mindful parenting as a resource for facilitating mother‐adolescent closeness in early adolescence. This investigation also encouraged future studies to employ more intensive ambulatory assessments to clarify the daily process of how mindful parenting shapes mother‐adolescent relationship dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internalizing and externalizing symptoms are common among adolescents, and mindful parenting can play a pivotal role in their prevention. Study 1 explores the association between internalizing and externalizing symptoms and the moderating role of mindful parenting. Study 2 explores the longitudinal association between mindful parenting and externalizing symptoms and whether mindful parenting moderates the longitudinal stability of externalizing symptoms. In Study 1, 420 parents (81.9% mothers) of children aged 12 to 17 (M = 14) completed measures of mindful parenting and their children's emotional symptoms and conduct problems. In Study 2, 151 adolescents (65.6% girls) aged 12 to 17 (M = 13.9) from Study 1 completed a measure of antisocial behavior two times one year apart. Study 1 found an association between adolescents' emotional symptoms and conduct problems, and this association was moderated by mindful parenting. The association was significant only in adolescents whose parents reported low levels of the mindful parenting factor called "being in the moment with the child." Study 2 found an association between antisocial behavior at Wave 1 and 2, and this longitudinal association was moderated by mindful parenting. The longitudinal relationship was statistically significant exclusively among adolescents whose parents reported low levels of "mindful discipline." Mindful parenting seems to be a protective factor for adolescents' externalizing symptoms. Specifically, "being in the moment with the child" can diminish the association between emotional symptoms and conduct problems, while "mindful discipline" can be beneficial for reducing the stability of antisocial behavior over time. Highlights: Being in the moment with the child can reduce the association between internalizing and externalizing symptoms in adolescents. Practicing mindful discipline can reduce the persistence of adolescents' externalizing symptoms over time. Mindful parenting could be a protective factor for adolescents' externalizing symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The main goal of this study was to explore the association between preadoption maltreatment and postadoption child emotional and behavioral difficulties (EBD), while examining the potential buffering role of adoptive parents' mindful parenting on this association. The potential moderating role of the child's current age, of the time passed since the adoptive placement, and of the parents' sex was also explored within the buffering role of mindful parenting. Method: This cross-sectional study comprised a sample of 277 parents (76.2% females) with adoptive children aged 2 to 17 years. Results: Experiencing preadoption maltreatment and more diverse types of maltreatment were associated with higher EBD among adoptees as perceived by the parents. Mindful parenting had a buffering role in the association between preadoption maltreatment and EBD for adoptees up to 8 years of age and an independent direct explanatory role on EBD for adoptees of all other ages. Conclusions: Intervening with adoptive parents through mindful parenting programs seems to be relevant to promote adoptees' mental health. Preregistration: This study is not preregistered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Mindful parenting is related to the physical and mental health of adolescents, but only few empirical studies have been conducted on the mindful parenting and none has addressed on the impact and actor-partner effects of mindful parenting on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via parenting stress. Objective To explore the impact and actor-partner effects of mindful parenting on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via parenting stress, so as to provide references for improvements in family education and interventions on behavioral problems in adolescents. Methods A sample of 907 subjects (including family members and students) from three classes in each of five grades from grade 5 in elementary school to grade 9 in junior high school in Mianyang, Sichuan Province were selected from September 8 to 15, 2023. Parents were assessed with Mindfulness In Parenting Questionnaire (MIPQ) and Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF), and students were required to fulfill aggressive behavior scale of Youth Self-Report (YSR). Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to examine the correlation among the above scales. The actor-partner interdependence model was used to analyze the impact of mindful parenting on their own and their spouses' parenting stress, as well as the impact on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via parenting stress. Results A total of 472 families completed the effective questionnaires. Both father and mother's mindful parenting exhibited an actor effect on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via their own parenting stress, with the effect size of -0. 018 (P=0. 002) and -0. 026 (P=0. 012). The partner effect sizes of father's mindful parenting and mother's mindful parenting on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via their spouse's parenting stress were -0. 006 (P=0. 026) and -0. 007 (P=0. 012), respectively. Conclusion Mindful parenting has been proven to have specific indirect impact on adolescents' aggressive behaviors through their own and their spouse's parenting stress, and the actor effect and partner effect are found both significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The COVID-19 pandemic has both positive and negative impacts on individuals in affected areas. For mothers who have many roles at home, this impact can cause stress due to sudden changes in the family. Therefore, it is important to know whether mindful parenting, parenting self-efficacy, and marital satisfaction are important factors for family resilience. This study used a quantitative approach to examine the roles of those factors. Data obtained using Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire, Interpersonal Mindful Parenting, Self-Efficacy Parenting Task Index-Toddler Scale Short Form and ENRICH Marital Satisfaction (EMS) Scale were analyzed by multiple regression. Based on data from 116 mothers who have toddlers (Mage = 28.46, SD = 3.14), it is known that the associations of mindful parenting, parenting self-efficacy, and marital satisfaction predict 50% of family resilience positively. Furthermore, marital satisfaction provides the largest significant unique contribution, followed by a smaller contribution by parenting self-efficacy, while mindful parenting did not. This shows that internal and external factors by the mother both contribute to creating a resilient family during the Covid-19 Pandemic, thus, it is essentially important to ensure that mothers receive good support from their partners and are confident in providing positive care for their children.

Objectives: Mindful parenting is an essential aspect of parenting practices, yet the role of mindful parenting in children's social-emotional development in Chinese culture is poorly understood. This study examined how mindful parenting would predict the trajectories of social-emotional development among Chinese migrant preschoolers. Method: A total of 108 migrant families with preschool-aged children participated in three waves of data collection over 1 year. Parents completed questionnaires on their mindful parenting and their children's self-regulation. Children's behavioral regulation, emotion knowledge, and social problem solving skills were assessed using individual assessments. Results: Three aspects of mindful parenting (i.e., compassion and acceptance, interacting with full attention, and emotional awareness of the child) positively predicted children's initial levels of self-regulation. However, there were no significant associations between mindful parenting and children's initial levels or growth rates of behavioral regulation, emotion knowledge, and social problem solving skills. Conclusions: These findings revealed mixed evidence of the role of mindful parenting in Chinese preschoolers' social-emotional development, and they highlighted the need to understand mindful parenting and its developmental effects in different cultural contexts. Preregistration: This study is not pre-registered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between mindful parenting and children's creative tendencies and to investigate the mediating role of parent–child intimacy and connectedness to nature in the relationship between mindful parenting and children's creative tendencies. (2) Methods: In this cross-sectional study, nearly 800 mothers of children aged 3–6 were enrolled. General sociodemographic data, the Mindfulness in Parenting Questionnaire (MIPQ), the Creativity Assessment Packet (CAP), the Child–Parent Relationship Scale—Short Form (CPRS-SF), and the Connectedness to Nature Index—Parents of Preschool Children (CNI-PPC) were all included in the questionnaire survey. (3) Results: There were significant positive correlations among mindful parenting, parent–child intimacy, connectedness to nature, and children's creative tendencies. Mindful parenting had a positive predictive effect on children's creative tendencies. Parent–child intimacy played a mediating role between mindful parenting and children's creative tendencies. Connectedness to nature played a mediating role between mindful parenting and children's creative tendencies. The correlation between mindful parenting and children's creative tendencies may be impacted by the chain mediation effects of parent–child intimacy and connectedness to nature. (4) Conclusions: By promoting parent–child intimacy and connectedness to nature, and by utilizing the chain mediating effects of both, mindful parenting positively impacted children's creative tendencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study investigates the impact of mindful parenting on child behaviour problems and examines the chain mediating role of parental and child communicating performance in this relationship. Methods: A 10‐month follow‐up survey was conducted, utilizing the Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale (IM‐P), the Parent–Child Communication Inventory, and the abbreviated version of the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). Results: At baseline (T1), higher levels of mindful parenting in parents were significantly and positively associated with both T1 parental communicating performance and child communicating performance. After 10 months, all three variables showed significant negative associations with child behaviour problems. T1 parental communication performance positively correlated with T1 child communication performance. After controlling for T1 child behaviour problems, children's gender and age, and parents' gender, the indirect association between T1 parents' levels of mindful parenting and T2 child behaviour problems was significant, mediated by T1 parental communicating performance and T1 child communicating performance. Conclusion: Mindful parenting enhances parental communication behaviour, leading to improved child communication behaviour and reduced child behaviour problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the current research is to verify the effectiveness of a mindfulnessbased positive behavior support program in developing mindful parenting among mothers of children with a comorbid type of autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The sample of the current research consisted of (10) mothers of children with a comorbid type of autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Their ages ranged from (27-47) years, with an average age of (36, 869) years, and a standard deviation of (1, 017). They were divided into two groups: an experimental group of (5), and a control group of (5). The research tools included the Mindful Parenting Scale, the Diagnostic Scale for Children with comorbid type of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and the mindfulness-based Positive Behavior Support Program. The research results revealed that there are statistically significant differences between the average ranks of the experimental group’s scores and the control group’s scores on the Mindful Parenting scale (dimensions and total score) immediately after implementing the program, in the direction of the experimental group, and the presence of statistically significant differences between the average ranks of the experimental group’s scores in the two measurements (Pre and post) on the Mindful Parenting scale (dimensions and total score) immediately after implementing the program, in the direction of the post measurement, and there were no statistically significant differences between the average ranks of the experimental group’s scores in the post and follow-up measurements on the Mindful Parenting scale (dimensions and total score). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has both positive and negative impacts on individuals in affected areas. For mothers who have many roles at home, this impact can cause stress due to sudden changes in the family. Therefore, it is important to know whether mindful parenting, parenting self-efficacy, and marital satisfaction are important factors for family resilience. This study used a quantitative approach to examine the roles of those factors. Data obtained using Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire, Interpersonal Mindful Parenting, Self-Efficacy Parenting Task Index-Toddler Scale Short Form and ENRICH Marital Satisfaction (EMS) Scale were analyzed by multiple regression. Based on data from 116 mothers who have toddlers (Mage = 28.46, SD = 3.14), it is known that the associations of mindful parenting, parenting self-efficacy, and marital satisfaction predict 50% of family resilience positively. Furthermore, marital satisfaction provides the largest significant unique contribution, followed by a smaller contribution by parenting self-efficacy, while mindful parenting did not. This shows that internal and external factors by the mother both contribute to creating a resilient family during the Covid-19 Pandemic, thus, it is essentially important to ensure that mothers receive good support from their partners and are confident in providing positive care for their children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescence is a unique developmental period marked with significant changes and challenges. As such, maintaining optimal psychological adjustment is crucial for young people, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic when their adjustment became more challenging. Self-control is a vital ability assisting individuals to navigate difficulties and stay well-adjusted during turbulent times. While the associations between adolescent self-control and adjustment have been well-documented, parental self-control has been considered to play a more fundamental role in adolescent adjustment. However, this consideration has received scant research. Drawing on the intergenerational transmission model of self-regulation, we examined an understudied yet plausible idea that parental self-control facilitates adolescent adjustment through parents' lower levels of perceived stress/better mindful parenting and adolescents' improved self-control. A two-wave survey study, spanning 1 year apart, was conducted among 426 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 11.6 years, 53.5% boys) and their parents. Parents rated their self-control, perceived stress, and mindful parenting at T1, while adolescents rated their self-control and adjustment (i.e., psychological difficulties and life satisfaction) at T1 and T2. The results of chain mediation model showed that after controlling for demographic covariates and baseline levels of adolescent self-control and adjustment, T1 paternal self-control facilitated T2 adolescent adjustment through fathers' lower levels of perceived stress and adolescents' improved self-control. By contrast, T1 maternal self-control facilitated T2 adolescent adjustment through mothers' better mindful parenting and adolescents' improved self-control. These findings advance our understanding of how self-control is transmitted from parents to offspring and clarify the processes of how parental self-control facilitates adolescent adjustment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This longitudinal study examined the mediating role of mindful parenting in the relations between parental cognitive reappraisal and parenting practices such as physical coercion, psychological control, and parental warmth. Method: A total of 170 mothers (Mage = 35.63; SD = 4.91) and 164 fathers (Mage = 39.95; SD = 6.27) of preschoolers from 175 Hong Kong Chinese families participated in this study. Initially, mothers and fathers completed self-report questionnaires assessing their cognitive reappraisal. Six months later, both parents reported on their mindful parenting and parenting practices. Spousal reports of physical coercion and psychological control were also collected. Structural equation modeling was conducted separately for mothers and fathers to examine the mediation models. Results: Mindful parenting mediated the associations between parental cognitive reappraisal and parenting practices in both mothers and fathers. Specifically, initial parental cognitive reappraisal had a positive effect on mindful parenting 6 months later, which in turn was negatively related to physical coercion and psychological control, and positively related to parental warmth. For mothers only, initial parental cognitive reappraisal had a positive effect on parental warmth 6 months later, after accounting for the mediating role of mindful parenting. Conclusions: The study highlighted how mindful parenting connects parental cognitive reappraisal and parenting practices for both mothers and fathers with children in preschool years. The findings provide valuable information for professionals and intervention programs to incorporate mindful parenting approaches with emotion regulation strategies to promote appropriate parenting practices. Preregistration: This study is not preregistered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mindfulness- and self-compassion-based programs have been shown to reduce parental stress, and levels of mindfulness and self-compassion have been shown to be negatively related to parental burnout (PB) factors. Based on these results, the present study aimed to test the efficacy of an 8-week mindfulness and compassion-based group approach (MCA) (n = 29) compared with the existing Parenting in Balance Program (PBP) (n = 25). Parents were blindly enrolled in one of the two conditions. Parental burnout, parental neglect and violence, irritability, parental balance between stress-enhancing and stress-alleviating factors, hair cortisol, and mindful parenting and self-compassion were measured before, after, and three months after the end of the program. All the measured outcomes positively changed over time in both conditions, except for irritability. Large effect sizes were found for parental burnout, parental neglect and violence, and mindful parenting and self-compassion. However, contrary to our hypothesis, the decrease in parental burnout in the MCA was not significantly related to an increase in mindful parenting nor self-compassion. Furthermore, certain participants from the MCA group reported higher levels of parental burnout after the intervention. The absence of specific effects between MCA and PBP programs suggests the presence of common effectiveness factors. Therefore, future studies need to analyze specific variables that may explain differential effects of programs on parental burnout levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an innovative perspective of emotional-regulation and human flourishing which acknowledges the fundamental role of early parent–child experiences in shaping brain structure and functioning involved in emotional regulation and the central role of mindful parenting in facilitating emotional regulation in both parent and child (co-regulation). In this perspective paper the author underlines not only the central role of emotions and emotional regulation in human development and flourishing, but also the importance of maternal mental health, mindfulness, and a connected supportive community during pregnancy and postnatally in facilitating emotional regulation in both the caregiver and the infant and thus promoting secure attachment. The role of alloparenting and how we evolved to share childrearing is introduced, and emotional regulation is described not as an individual phenomenon but a relational embodied process. The associations between right brain functioning, mindfulness and secure attachment, all leading to emotional regulation, wellbeing, and resilience are described. Sharing findings and perspectives offer an opportunity for insights and reflection upon what strategies could be created to promote relational emotional regulation and wellbeing in early life, thus human flourishing leading to a peaceful society.

Fitri Ariyanti Abidin,1,2 Shally Novita,1,3 Kustimah Kustimah,1,3 Bewizta Maurilla Hasyyati,2 Mumtaz Azoma,2 Shadira Fianni Darmagita,2 Kinanthi Ayu Larasati,2 Athifah Qonita Millati2 1Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia; 2Center for Family Life and Parenting Studies, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia; 3Center for Psychological Innovation and Research, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Fitri Ariyanti Abidin, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jln. Ir. Soekarno km. 21. Jatinangor, Kab, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, 45363, Indonesia, Tel +62 22 7794126, Fax +62 22 87920376, Email fitri.ariyanti.abidin@unpad.ac.idBackground: Existing literature has examined the link between parent causal attribution and self-compassion in parent perspective-taking, but the impact of mindful parenting as a mediator remains underexplored.Purpose: The present study examines the mediating effect of mindful parenting on the relationship between parental attribution and self-compassion in parents’ perspective-taking.Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, 208 parents aged 30 to 59 (M = 42, SD = 4.3) with first-born adolescents aged 12– 18 participated in the study.Results: The results revealed that mindful parenting fully mediated the relationship between parental causal attribution and perspective-taking while partially mediating the association between self-compassion and perspective-taking.Conclusion: These findings emphasize the crucial role of mindful parenting in explaining the relationship between parent causal attribution, self-compassion, and parent perspective-taking. Further research is needed to explore these relationships in more diverse and representative samples.Keywords: mindful parenting, parent causal attribution, parental self-compassion, parents-adolescents, perspective taking

Amaç: Postpartum dönem, ebeveynler ile bebekleri arasında gelişen etkileşimlerin kalitesini etkileyebilecek müdahaleleri kapsarken, bebek gelişimini yavaşlatabilecek, ebeveyn ruh sağlığıyla birlikte ebeveyn bebek bağlanmasını olumsuz etkileyebilecek çeşitli psikolojik ve duygusal güçlükleri de içermektedir. Farkındalık ve şefkat temelli ebeveynlik müdahaleler, birbiriyle uyum içinde etkileşime destek olan ebeveynlik becerileri geliştirmelerine ve bu hassas dönemde bebeğin doğumuyla başlayan ebeveynlik rolüne daha iyi uyum sağlamalarına yardımcı olmakta ve ebeveynlerin sosyal, fiziksel ve ruhsal durumları üzerinde pozitif etkileri bulunmaktadır. Bu müdahaleler kapsamında postpartum dönemde dahil olmak üzere erken ebeveynlik sürecinde anne-baba-bebek ilişkilerini ebeveynlik becerilerini ve kalitesini olumlu yönde geliştirmek için faydalı görünen farklı terapötik teknikleri kullanılmaktadır. Yöntem: Derleme türündeki bu makalede Türkçe ve İngilizce “postpartum”, “farkındalık temelli ebeveynlik” ve “merhamet temelli ebeveynlik” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct ve Ulakbim veri tabanları taranmıştır. Mart 2013 - Mart 2023 tarihleri arasında ulusal ve uluslararası dergilerde yayınlanmış çalışmalar değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Literatür incelemesi sonucunda, farkındalık ve merhamet temelli ebeveynlik müdahaleleri; ebeveynlerin, ebeveynlik sürecinde düşüncelerini ve duygularını daha iyi aktarmalarına, aktarımların düzenlemelerine, yeni edindikleri ebeveynlik rol ve sorumluluklarını yerine getirmelerine imkân veren, bu rol sorumlulukları geliştirilebilen ve bebekle güvenli bağlanma kurulmasına katkı sağlayan koruyucu beceriler olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Sonuç: Farkındalık ve şefkat temelli ebeveynlik müdahaleleri, sağlıklı ve güvenli ebeveynlik becerilerini pozitif yönde etkilemekte postpartum dönemde ebeveyn-bebek bağlanmasının yanı sıra ebeveyn bebek ilişkilerinin kalitesini artırabilmektedir.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the association between positive mental health and mindful parenting among Portuguese new mothers by analyzing the mediating role of parenting stress. The moderating role of the perceived impact of COVID-19 on this association was also explored. Method: Sample collection occurred between November 2020 and March 2021. Data from 142 women with a child aged up to 2 years old were collected online through self-report measures. Simple mediation and moderated mediation models were employed while controlling for maternal sociodemographic and health-related data. Results: After controlling for the number of children and clinically significant symptoms of anxiety and depression, lower levels of maternal positive mental health were associated with lower levels of mindful parenting through higher levels of parenting stress. The association between positive mental health and parenting stress was more pronounced when mothers perceived the impact of COVID-19 as negative. Conclusions: Our results suggest the relevance of positive dimensions of maternal mental health during early parenting. These appear to contribute to parenting stress, especially under stressful perceived circumstances such as those related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and to maternal mindful parenting skills. It seems important to assess and intervene early in women's positive mental health and parenting stress, even in the absence of psychopathology, so that new mothers are more likely to adopt adaptive parenting approaches, such as mindful parenting. Preregistration: This study is not preregistered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on Belsky's process of parenting model and its recent update, the present study aims to explore multiple determinants of mindful parenting (i.e., parents' psychological distress, child negative emotionality, and parental social support) across the UK and Türkiye using a multi-informant approach and multiple-group path analysis. We considered both parents' and children's perceptions of mindful parenting to obtain a complete picture of the mindful parenting process within families. Parents and their children aged 11–16 years were recruited in the UK (N = 101, Mchild age = 13.06 years, SDchild age = 1.64 years) and Türkiye (N = 162, Mchild age = 13.28 years, SDchild age = 1.65 years). Multiple-group path analysis revealed that both parent and child perspectives of mindful parenting are multiply determined. Parental psychological distress mediated the associations of child negative emotionality and social support with mindful parenting in both cultures. However, child negative emotionality was a direct determinant of mindful parenting in the UK only. Overall, our study shed light on both individual and cultural differences in the mindful parenting process. Limitations of the current research and recommendations and implications for future mindful parenting research and practices were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous longitudinal studies have documented bidirectional associations between parental psychological control and children's externalizing problems over months or years. However, most studies have only examined these associations at the between-family level, and there is a lack of intensive longitudinal data (ILD) on psychological control and children's externalizing problems. Thus, this daily diary study examined the bidirectional associations between parental psychological control and externalizing problems among Chinese children. Further, we explored whether between-family mindful parenting linked to the mean levels and daily fluctuations of parental psychological control and children's externalizing problems. The sample included 71 parents of children between 7 to 13 years old (50.7% male; Mage = 9.92, SD = 1.46). Our findings indicate that at the within-family level, higher parental psychological control than usual predicted increases in externalizing problems among children reported by parents the next day, but not vice versa. Furthermore, between-family mindful parenting was negatively associated with the mean levels of psychological control and children's externalizing problems, as well as with fewer fluctuations of parental psychological control. This study contributes to the understanding of the within-family associations between parental psychological control and children's externalizing problems on a daily basis. Finally, we discuss implications for prevention and intervention programs targeting negative parenting and child externalizing problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Parenting is a difficult and stressful experience for all parents, and it becomes more complicated for parents of exceptional children. Therefore, the purpose of the current research was meta-analysis to investigate the effectiveness of mindful parenting in parents of exceptional children. Method: The present research was meta-analysis type. The statistical population of this research was articles published in valid internally and externally scientific and research journals in the field of mindful parenting. The internal criteria for the present meta-analysis include having the necessary conditions in terms of methodology (research method, statistical population, sampling method, measurement tool and its validity and reliability, statistical analysis method), the appropriateness of the research topic with the effectiveness of mindful parenting interventions on parents of exceptional children, and experimental or semi-experimental nature of any research. Therefore, articles were extracted from reliable Persian and English databases, and finally 15 articles, which included 11 Persian and 4 English articles, were selected based on internal criteria. Results: The impact of mindful parenting for parents of exceptional children was significant and the combined effect size was 0.58 at the combined significance level of p < 0.01. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of mindful parenting training for parents of exceptional children is moderate (close to high). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The few researches that have studied the burnout experience of Iranian parents in recent years have not developed or tested conceptual models and speculations regarding parental burnout in a meaningful way. Therefore, this study investigates the mediating role of parenting stress in the relationship between mothers' mindful parenting and their experience of parental burnout. This research was a descriptivecross- sectional study, and its statistical population included mothers who had preschool children in the academic year of 2019. The statistical sample was comprised of 369 mothers who participated in this research by completing online questionnaires. The research tools included the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA), the Parenting Stress Index- Short Form (PSI), and the Mindfulness in Parenting Questionnaire (MIPQ). To examine the conceptual model, Structural Equation Modeling was used. The findings showed that mindful parenting explains nearly 78% of the variance of parental burnout only through mothers' parenting stress. However, it does not have a direct effect on parental burnout. The findings, in addition to providing a better understanding of parental burnout, can be applied in educational or therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing parental burnout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sakarya University Journal of Holistic Health is the property of Sakarya University Journal of Holistic Health and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mindful parenting is a burgeoning global research interest. This study adapted the existing 18‐item parallel mindful parenting inventories for parents and children (MPIP/MPIC) into Turkish, examining their psychometric properties and validation in 154 mothers living in Türkiye (Mage = 42.74 years, SDage = 5.06 years) and their typically developing children (n = 154, Mage = 13.19 years, SDage = 1.64 years). Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were performed to validate the existing factor structure of the MPIP/MPIC for the Turkish version. Multiple‐group CFA was used to test the measurement invariance between mothers and children. Pearson correlations and regression analyses were used to assess the validity of the MPIP/MPIC against established measures of mindfulness and positive parenting (testing convergent validity) and child behaviours (testing concurrent and predictive validity). CFA supported that the Turkish MPIP/MPIC structure was similar to that in the UK, consisting of four dimensions: Self‐Regulation in Parenting, Acceptance and Compassion towards Child, Being in the Moment with Child, and Awareness of Child, each with satisfactory internal consistency. Partial measurement invariance was found between parents and children, with mothers reporting somewhat higher scores for the Being in the Moment with Child and Awareness of Child than children. Overall, the convergent and concurrent validity of the Turkish MPIP/MPIC was supported. In addition, MPIP predicted mother‐reported child behaviours, and MPIC predicted child‐reported child behaviours over and above mothers' dispositional mindfulness and positive parenting (predictive validity). The Turkish parallel MPIP/MPIC show promise for use with mothers in Türkiye and children to assess mindful parenting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Psychological Science is the property of Psychological Science Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the relationship between maternal attachment style, mindful parenting, and the perception of their children among mothers with children under the age of three. It mentions that the research aims to understand how these factors are interconnected and their impact on the parent-child relationship. It also mentions the potential benefit of mindfulness-based parental training programs in improving parent-child relationships.

Copyright of Humanistic Perspective is the property of Fuat Aydogdu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Humanistic Perspective is the property of Fuat Aydogdu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Despite findings demonstrating the importance of parental present-centered awareness, factors undermining mindful parenting have received less attention. Increasingly, evidence points to parental psychopathology as a salient risk factor for parenting difficulties. Thus, the goal of the present study was to investigate specific dimensions of parental trauma-related distress and general negative affectivity during pregnancy as predictors of mindful parenting during toddler age. Parental psychopathology, parent–infant bonding, and mindful parenting were assessed in a sample of heterosexual couples (N = 159) across four waves of data collection spanning pregnancy to child age two. Data were analyzed using path analysis within a dyadic framework. Results demonstrated the unique impact of maternal trauma-related distress during pregnancy (e.g., intrusions and avoidance) on facets of mindful parenting more than two years later. Further, among both mothers and fathers, general negative affectivity common across internalizing disorders undermined mindful parenting through impaired parent–infant bonding. Findings highlight the need for early intervention efforts that incorporate mindfulness strategies to reduce subthreshold symptoms of prenatal psychopathology, promote healthy bonding, and improve parental awareness and self-regulation, thereby enhancing the overall parent–child relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Being a parent influences both parent's and children's well-being in many ways; therefore, developing interventions that support parents in their important role as a parent is vital. The current study evaluated the effect of an eight-week Flourishing Families parental intervention on interpersonal mindfulness, emotions and strengths in parenting in Finland. Randomly allocated to intervention and wait-list control groups were 63 parents. In addition to questionnaires, parents completed 5-day mobile Experience Sampling Method (ESM) assessments, both at pre- and post-intervention. The questionnaires were repeated at a follow-up 3 months after the intervention. Data analysis involved two datasets: randomized and pooled. The findings of this study suggest that participation in the Flourishing Families program can improve interpersonal mindfulness in parenting, shift emotional balance towards more positive emotions and less negative emotions, and enhance awareness and usage of own strengths. The results were more evident in the pooled data. With these preliminary findings, we hope to inspire both further positive psychology intervention (PPI) studies in the parenting context and the use of repeated momentary assessments. Highlights: Positive psychology interventions (PPIs) have rarely been used in the context of families and parents. The study examined the effect of the Flourishing Families intervention on mindfulness, emotions and strengths in parenting. Data collection consisted of questionnaires and Experience Sampling Method (ESM) assessments. Participation in the intervention was positively associated with mindfulness, emotional well-being and strengths in parenting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between mindful parenting and children’s creative tendencies and to investigate the mediating role of parent–child intimacy and connectedness to nature in the relationship between mindful parenting and children’s creative tendencies. (2) Methods: In this cross-sectional study, nearly 800 mothers of children aged 3–6 were enrolled. General sociodemographic data, the Mindfulness in Parenting Questionnaire (MIPQ), the Creativity Assessment Packet (CAP), the Child–Parent Relationship Scale—Short Form (CPRS-SF), and the Connectedness to Nature Index—Parents of Preschool Children (CNI-PPC) were all included in the questionnaire survey. (3) Results: There were significant positive correlations among mindful parenting, parent–child intimacy, connectedness to nature, and children’s creative tendencies. Mindful parenting had a positive predictive effect on children’s creative tendencies. Parent–child intimacy played a mediating role between mindful parenting and children’s creative tendencies. Connectedness to nature played a mediating role between mindful parenting and children’s creative tendencies. The correlation between mindful parenting and children’s creative tendencies may be impacted by the chain mediation effects of parent–child intimacy and connectedness to nature. (4) Conclusions: By promoting parent–child intimacy and connectedness to nature, and by utilizing the chain mediating effects of both, mindful parenting positively impacted children’s creative tendencies.

Self-compassion is an important psychological skill that may facilitate the adoption of a mindful way of parenting, especially during the COVID‐19 pandemic. However, the association between these constructs may be explained by several variables, such as maternal psychopathological symptoms, with a well-established interference in parenting. This study aimed to compare mothers who experienced and mothers who did not experience a negative emotional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-compassion, mindful parenting, postpartum depressive symptoms (PPDS) and postpartum anxious symptoms (PPAS). We also explored whether mothers' self-compassion was associated with mindful parenting and whether this relationship may be mediated by PPDS and PPAS. A sample of 977 Portuguese mothers of infants aged between zero and six months completed an online survey between December 2020 and January 2021, a period of major pandemic-related restrictions. The survey included several self-report questionnaires that assessed sociodemographic, clinical, and COVID-19 information, self-compassion, mindful parenting, PPDS and PPAS. Mothers who reported having felt that the pandemic had a negative emotional impact during their postpartum period (79.5%) presented lower levels of self-compassion and mindful parenting, and higher levels of PPDS and PPAS. Regarding the mediation model, higher levels of self-compassion were related to higher levels of mindful parenting, and this association was mediated by lower levels of PPAS. These results highlight the relevance of mothers' self-compassion for helping them feel less anxious and to adopt a mindful way of parenting in the postpartum period, particularly during the pandemic. Compassion-based interventions may be particularly important in reducing PPAS and promoting mindful parenting and should be available to postpartum mothers, especially during, but also beyond the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies have demonstrated that life satisfaction has a large impact on adolescents' development. However, adolescence is a period with extensive challenges and stressors that may threaten adolescents' life satisfaction if they cope with them ineffectively. The current study investigated the effect of mindful parenting on adolescents' life satisfaction and the mediating role of adolescents' coping self-efficacy. The participants included 479 parent-adolescent dyads. Data on both parents' self-reported mindful parenting and adolescents' perceptions of their parents' mindful parenting were collected and combined to estimate levels of mindful parenting. The results indicated that mindful parenting is positively associated with adolescents' life satisfaction and that adolescents' coping self-efficacy mediates this relationship. Specifically, higher levels of mindful parenting are linked with higher levels of adolescents' coping self-efficacy, which is in turn positively associated with adolescents' life satisfaction. These findings shed light on the importance of mindful parenting for adolescents' healthy development. The theoretical and practical implications of the current study results as well as future research directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Greed, which is detrimental, is suggested to be a disposition developed at an early stage of life. Since parenting practices have profound impacts on youth development, the current study aimed to explore whether mindful parenting could prevent adolescents from being greedy and examine the mediating role of adolescent core self-evaluations. Study 1 (N = 272) used self-reported data from adolescents to test the hypotheses. Study 2 (N = 525) provided further evidence with multisource data from both adolescents and their primary caregivers (mainly mothers). The results indicated that both mindful parenting perceived by adolescents and mindful parenting reported by primary caregivers had significant impacts on adolescent dispositional greed, and the mediating effect of adolescent core self-evaluations was significant. Mindful parenting could inhibit adolescent greed partially by contributing positively to children's core self-evaluations. The theoretical and practical implications of the current study results as well as future research directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the central questions in the theory of the intergenerational transmission of psychological symptoms is to identify whether parenting practices explain the transmission of psychological symptoms from parents to youth. This study examined the mediating mechanism of mindful parenting in the relationship between parental anxiety and youth's emotional and behavioral difficulties. In three waves separated by six months, longitudinal data were collected from 692 Spanish youth (54% girls) aged between 9 and 15 years (Mage = 12.84 years, SD = 1.22 years at Wave 1) and their parents. Path analysis showed that maternal mindful parenting mediated the relationship between maternal anxiety and the youth's emotional and behavioral difficulties. No mediating effect was found concerning fathers; however, marginal bidirectional relationships were obtained between paternal mindful parenting and youth's emotional and behavioral difficulties. This study addresses one of the main concerns about the theory of intergenerational transmission using a multi-informant and longitudinal study design, concluding that maternal anxiety predicts less mindful parenting practices and these in turn predict youth's emotional and behavioral difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]