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Las intervenciones arqueológicas desarrolladas en el yacimiento del Pedrosillo (Casas de Reina, Badajoz) entre los años 2004 y 2010 pusieron de manifiesto la existencia de un complejo militar romano de época republicana, formado por dos recintos campamentales poligonales, además de numerosos recintos circulares y cuadrangulares y defensas complementarias como muros de piedra aislados (tituli). Las evidencias se extendían a lo largo de unas 50 ha, ocupando ambas riberas del arroyo Pedrosillo y las dos laderas que bajan con cierta pendiente hacia el mismo, justo donde se encuentran tanto un manantial como un vado natural. Presentamos en estas líneas los resultados del análisis edilicio y arquitectónico de las estructuras de dicho conjunto. A pesar de sus diferencias en cuanto a dimensiones y planta, las estructuras comparten la misma técnica y sistema edilicio: un doble paramento realizado con bloques de piedra regularizados en sus caras exteriores y un núcleo de piedras de mediano y pequeño tamaño compactado con tierra. Más que ante murallas estamos ante parapetos de 1,30-1,40 m de altura y unos 1,80 m de anchura. Para su construcción se amortizan intencionadamente las ruinas de varias estructuras de época calcolítica. Se presentan asimismo las evidencias materiales tanto numismáticas como de militaria (glandes, pila catapultaria), además de utillaje militar (piquetas de tienda) y objetos de adorno personal (pasador en “T”, amuleto de forma fálica) localizados a través de la prospección con detector de metales. Los hallazgos romano-republicanos se concentran en el interior de los dos campamentos, lo que confirma su identificación como objetos perdidos durante la ocupación romana. Se han localizado incluso varias clavijas in situ que permiten reconstruir la posición y el módulo de las tiendas de campaña. El yacimiento parece constituir un dispositivo táctico para controlar y proteger un vado del arroyo mediante fortines circulares y fortificaciones lineales, por lo que se plantea la hipótesis de que el espacio fue adecuado como un campo de batalla. La documentación arqueológica permite proponer una datación para este conjunto centrada en la segunda mitad del siglo II a. C., tal vez en relación con las Guerras Lusitanas.

Les excavacions del Centre d’Estudis Lacetans (CEL) als jaciments de Sant Miquel de Sorba i Castellvell d’Olius han permès obtenir noves dades sobre el període ibèric tardà al territori lacetà. Es tracta d’assentaments amb una ocupació intensa i renovada al llarg dels segles II-I aC, que han proporcionat abundant material arqueològic, el qual inclou interessants lots de ceràmiques importades o d’objectes considerats com a militaria. A partir d’aquí, es planteja una reflexió sobre la naturalesa d’aquests nuclis ibèrics tardans i la interpretació de la seva funció en relació amb la dinàmica d’implantació romana a la zona.

Copyright of Studia Archaeologica Brunensia is the property of Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper publishes information on the militaria from the building complex from the Roman period in Stupava (Malacky dist.). Iron studs from legionnaires' footwear (caligae), found in the upper parts of fills from the earlier Ger-manic buildings, the bronze metalwork of a horse's bridle, also found in the filling of a Germanic ditch and mail armour (lorica hamata), situated under the destruction of the oldest phase all originate from the oldest phase, dated to the middle of the 2nd c. Further finds - a crossbow fibula, bronze metalwork in the shape of a lion's head, a dagger, possibly a helmet holder - come from these or later layers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studie se věnuje nálezům pocházejícím z detektorové prospekce okolí hradu Potštejna ve východních Čechách. Byl získán objemný soubor tvořený zejména hroty šípů a projektily palných zbraní. Na základě koncentrace militarií v rámci hradního kopce lze určit charakter dobývání a stanovit směry útoků na hrad. Obtížněji řešitelná je vazba získaných militarií na konkrétní historickou událost. Dle historických záznamů byl hrad obléhán celkem třikrát: roku 1339, 1399 a v průběhu let 1432–1433. Jako nejpravděpodobnější se jeví spojení nálezů s dobýváním hradu východočeskými husity na přelomu let 1432 a 1433.

The Teplica castle near the village of Sklené Teplice is one of the less known medieval castles in the central Pohronie region. So far it hasn’t been the subject of thorough archaeological excavations, but we just have some finds from conducted survey. Its origin presumably dates back to 13th or 14th century, although there are no genuine written sources confirming it. the castle was most intensively inhabited notably in the second half of the 15th century, as documented from original sources dating back to that period. Back then it was under the control of the Brotherhood (Hussite warriors) led by Ján Jiskra of Brandýs. It is confirmed also by archaeological and numismatic finds, incl. the late Gothic seal presented in this paper. the castle started to lose its importance at the beginning of the 16th century and it got extinct in the second half of the 16th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2017, in Závod (district of Malacky) during forestry works a destroyed Germanic burial ground dated to the Roman period was found. On the basis of topographical data and composition of finds, it is possible, to identify this burial ground with that mentioned by E. Beninger. The numerous imports from Roman provinces, from areas north of the Carpathian mountains and Elbe area region, show intensive multiregional contacts held by the local community. There is an ongoing discussion whether this is a proof of extensive trade, cultural influence or ethnic transfers. The burial ground dates back to a period comprised between the last third of the 1st century and the 4th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archeologia Medievale: Cultura Materiale, Insediamenti, Territorio is the property of All'Insegna del Giglio s.a.s. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archaeologia Historica is the property of Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The early medieval settlement in Trójca near Zawichost is located in the vicinity of a ford on the Vistula River, at the intersection of communication routes connecting Eastern Europe - through Poland - with Western Europe and the Baltic coast with the Danube Basin. In the years 2020-2021, several thousand artefacts, dated mainly to the 11th and 12th centuries (including two hoards of silver items, hundreds of single coins, adornments, devotional articles, weights, lead ducal seals) were discovered during systematic research conducted with metal detectors. Other discovered items include a number of militaria and parts of cavalry equipment (sword pommels, axe heads, arrowheads, spurs, and stirrups). It is possible that the earliest of them come from as early as the 10th century, whereas the latest artefacts should be dated to the High Middle Ages. Some of the militaria - especially the arrowheads - can be tentatively associated with the battle of Zawichost that took place in 1205. The early medieval settlement in Trójca near Zawichost is located in the vicinity of one of the most convenient fords on the Vistula, at the intersection of medieval routes connecting Eastern Europe - through Poland - with Western Europe and the Baltic coast with the Danube Basin. It was often thought that its position had been of great importance, not only because of trade, but also due to raids on Lesser and Central Poland from the east, as well as to Polish military expeditions to Ruthenia. It was also believed that in Trójca there had been a castle - predecessor of the castellan s stronghold in Zawichost - ' guarding the ford. Previously, the assumptions concerning the special importance of Trójca in the Early Middle Ages were not corroborated by archaeological sources. This state of affairs changed with systematic research - employing metal detectors - conducted there in the years 2020-2021. It resulted in the discovery of several thousand artefacts, mainly from the 11th and 12th centuries (including two silver hoards, hundreds of single coins, adornments, devotional articles, weights, lead ducal seals) as well as a number of militaria and parts of cavalry equipment (two sword pommels, metal axe heads, arrowheads, spurs and stirrups). It is possible that the earliest of them come from as early as the 10th century, whereas the latest artefacts should be dated to the High Middle Ages. Some of the militaria (arrowheads with tangs, one of the stirrups) are evidently of eastern origin and possibly attest to foreign raids. Certain artefacts - especially arrowheads - can be tentatively associated with the battle of Zawichost that was fought in 1205 between the Polish chivalry of the Sandomierz Land and Mazovia on one side and an army led by Roman Duke of Halych (who died during this clash) on the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with selected artifacts from the hillfort of Bojná I-Valy and its nearby surroundings from the High Middle Ages – Early Postmedieval period which have been brought by years of systematic archaeological investigation of the site and its hinterland. It is an assemblage of finds associated with rider’s equipment and horse harness (spurs, buckles, bits), militaria (dussack, arrowheads). The hillfort is dated to the Early Middle Ages and after its demise, it did not renew its previous status. Nevertheless, the small assemblage of presented finds means a certain interest in the site and this area in the later period. The artifacts suggest a certain connection with the settlement in its nearby surroundings. They can also point to use of (today almost extinct) routes crossing the Považský Inovec mountain range and connecting the regions of Ponitrie and Považie. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studie se věnuje vyhodnocení nálezového souboru militarií z hradu Rychmberka u Rychnova nad Kněžnou. Nálezy pochází z detektorového průzkumu a disponujeme jejich prostorovými daty. Kolekce je tvořena zejména hroty šípů a projektily palných zbraní. Na základě prostorové distribuce artefaktů je možno odlišit munici obránců a obléhatelů, stejně tak lze interpretovat směry útoků na hrad. Vzhledem k charakteru souboru a nižší chronologické citlivosti militarií však nelze nálezy roztřídit a přiřadit ke konkrétní historické události. Z písemných pramenů je doloženo obléhání hradu v letech 1425, 1441 a 1457.

Studie se věnuje vyhodnocení rozsáhlého souboru kovových nálezů pocházejícího z areálu hradu Mokřice (okr. Jičín) a jeho blízkého okolí. Vypovídací hodnotu snižuje původ nálezů vzešlých převážně z amatérské činnosti. Chronologické určení umožňuje zařazení do období od závěru 13. století až do druhé poloviny 15. století. Analýza nálezů strusek prokázala, že v zázemí hradu docházelo k redukci železné rudy. Zanesení polohy militarií a zejména hrotů šípů a střel z palných zbraní do plánu okolí lokality nepochybně ukázalo, že hrad byl během své existence obléhán. Na základě koncentrace těchto nálezů lze určit směr dobývání.

Copyright of Archaeologia Historica is the property of Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A large set of militaria and numismatic finds in the form of several hoards and solitaire coins come from the sites of castle hill and Pohanská in Plavecké Podhradie. Finds of ammunition mainly consist of arrowheads for bows (13th–14th century) and crossbows (end of the 14th century–16th century), as well as ammunition for firearms. We have tried to connect the militaria with the horizons of the coin hoards which are related to war events in the site. The analysis of material showed that there are three clear time horizons. The first is the last third of the 13th century (1273–1291), the second horizon is the period of the Hussite wars in the first half of the 15th century (1428–1467) and the last, third horizon is probably related to the period of the Thirty Years’ War (1618–1648). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archaeologia Historica is the property of Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archeologické Rozhledy is the property of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper asks to what extent the surviving fragments of the original text of the chronicle of Wigand of Marburg and its Latin translation by Konrad Gesselen constitute an informative source with regard to matters of armaments. Comparative analysis of the terms for armaments appearing in both the original text and the Latin translation, as well as terms known only from the Latin text, has shown that mentions of weapons are of a general nature. The degree of representation of the variety of weaponry in Gesselen's text is negligible. In light of the research conducted, it must be concluded that nor did the original text of Wigand von Marburg contain more detailed descriptions of weapons. Armaments remained far from the main scope of the chronicler's narrative interests. This finding reopens the field for discussion on the historiographically accepted identification of the chronicler Wigand von Marburg with the herald of the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kompleksy zamkowe, zarówno te nad granicą z Mazowszem, jak i inne, położone w głębi państwa krzyżackiego w Prusach, były przede wszystkim obiektami o charakterze obronnym, pełniły jednak również rolę administracyjną, gospodarczą, centrów produkcji, przetwórstwa i przechowalnictwa spożywczego. Pełniły jednocześnie rolę magazynów militariów dla miejscowych członków konwentów (rycerzy) oraz zbrojowni z uzbrojeniem interwencyjnym dla wojsk, które mogłyby przybyć z innych pobliskich zamków (lub dla wojsk zaciężnych) i używać tychże zapasów do dalszego prowadzenia działań wojennych. Istniał bardzo duży związek pomiędzy usytuowaniem zamku (tu na granicy z księstwem mazowieckim), infrastrukturą, w tym gospodarczo-militarną kompleksu zamkowego, jego zapasami oraz rolą, jaką pełnił w systemie obronnym państwa zakonu krzyżackiego w Prusach i jego potencjałem gospodarczym, wynikającym z infrastruktury gospodarczej i zgromadzonych oraz przechowywanych w nim wszelkich zapasów.

Opevněné sídlo u obce Božanov neznámého jména, pro které nedisponujeme písemnými prameny, je možné dát do spojitosti s kolonizačním úsilím benediktinského kláštera v Broumově během druhé poloviny 13. století. Hrad sloužil jako opěrný bod vymezující klášterní majetky v nedávno osídleném prostoru broumovské kotliny vůči sousednímu Kladsku. Svědčí o tom nejen lokace založení, ale i charakter samotné lokality. Nálezový inventář, který je složen zejména z kovových artefaktů, umožňuje chronologické určení do průběhu druhé poloviny 13. století až počátku 14. století. Jeho skladba pak odkazuje na vojenskou úlohu lokality a přítomnost posádky. Násilný zánik hradu lze patrně spojit s povstáním broumovských fojtů proti benediktinské vrchnosti. Neobnovení lokality pak souvisí s již dokončenou konsolidací klášterní oikumeny a přebudováním opevněného sídla v samotném městě Broumově.

Copyright of Archaeologia Historica is the property of Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article is an attempt to provide a comprehensive view on the history of hoplology in relation to the most popular type of weapon used in the old Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the sabre. The research history addresses the issue of modern weapons, which is motivated by the emergence of various types of sabre at that time. Research on old weapons, inspired primarily by collectors, museologists and members of academia, traditionally uses a range of methods developed by history, art history, archaeology and art restoration. Such research can also enter the field of sociology and cultural studies, provided that we take into account the fact that weapons, sabres in particular, symbolized social standing. The variety of issues, which are generally confined to the above mentioned concepts, also translates into the historiographic sphere. Because of that, it may be surprising that Polish literature on historical weapons only dates back to the second half of the 19th century. However, collectors had shown interest in military items much earlier. The first part of the article presents the most important private collections of weapons from the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th century, with particular focus on the almost entirely preserved collection of Izabela Czartoryska, who founded the first museum in Poland. This layout is the starting point for presenting academic interest in military items, divided into the pre- and post-war periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]