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The results of summarizing literary data and own observations on the distribution of terrigenous rocks — sandstones, conglomerates, siltstones in the deposits of the Ediacaran of the Middle Dniester region are presented. Terrigenous complexes of various compositions were identified in the deposits of the Grushka Formation, which directly overlay crystalline basement rocks. Rocks of psammitic and siltstone structure in various pro- portions, thicknesses, granulometric, and mineral composition were identified in the deposits of the Mogylyiv (Olchedaiv, Lomoziv, Yampil beds), Yaryshiv (Bernashivka beds), Nahoryany (Dzhurdzhuvskabeds), Danylivka (Pylypybeds), Zharnivka (Kuleshivska beds), Krushanivka (Kryvchany, Durniakivska beds), and Studenytsia (Polyvaniv beds) formations. The Olchedaiv, Yampil, and Lomoziv sandstones are the most widespread and accessible for further research. These rocks mostly consist of quartz, feldspar-quartz composition, have a platy structure and light-yellow coloration. The thickness of the sandstones in the most complete sections reaches 25—30 m, which is economically advantageous for extraction. The next stage of the study involves selecting samples for laboratory research to refine the peculiarities of the chemical composition, texture, structure, physical-mechanical properties, as well as determining parameters for optimal use.

In 2018, an Early Iron Age hoard was discovered in the expanse of fortified settlement near Stroentsy in Rybnitsa district. The hoard consisted of at least eight objects of bronze and silver, with personal ornaments (three bracelets, paired earrings, and a finger ring) and costume accessories (two fibulae and a chain) included. Apparently, the objects were placed in a vessel modeled by hand or in the bottom part of this. As the earliest objects, the early La Tene fibulae should be distinguished which are dated within the time range from the last third of the 4th century until the first half of the 3rd century BCE. However, the deposition time of the hoard should be attributed to the third quarter of the 3rd century BCE based on the dating of the latest items, namely a chain and a finger ring. It is impossible to establish who deposited the hoard. Nevertheless, the items discovered clearly combine the jewelry traditions of the Thracian, Scythian and La Tene Cultures.

Several Late Palaeolithic sites from the Middle Dniester area are characterized by specific artefact associations and archaeozoological assemblages that permit to include them in a particular category of reindeer hunting camps of the Palaeolithic communities. Among the Palaeolithic reindeer hunting camps, the multi-layered site of Cosăuți has a particular importance, since it includes more than two dozens of cultural layers dated from 20 to 14 thousand years BP. Nearly each of those strata exhibits an abundance of reindeer remains that represents up to 90% of the total archaeozoological material. The site of Cosăuți has yielded a variety of hunting weapons (spearheads, darts and spears, and a harpoon) that served for killing reindeer crossing the Dniester during the migration seasons. The geographical position of the site allows to control the part of the river valley where migrating reindeer herds crossed the Dniester and therefore the Cosăuți site had an advantageous strategical position. In many respects, the Palaeolithic site of Cosăuți resembles the location of the hunting camps of the ethnographically studied communities of caribou hunters in North America

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Among the numerous vestiges of the Iron Age at Saharna Mare / “Dealul Mănăstirii”, there are 11 finds of human remains, which are of particular in¬terest for the interdisciplinary research of the site. In this article, we propose combining archaeological data with anthropological ones. The analyzed skele¬tal material comes from six types of archaeological contexts: “cultic structure”, “ditch”, “rampart”, “grave”, “dwelling”, and “cultural layer” (Fig. 2; 3). In all the analyzed cases the identified osteological remains come from a single individu¬al. In total, seven individuals were identified, one of whom is female and six are male. Regarding age distribution, most individuals fall within the age range of 30-60 years (maturus). One individual falls within the age range of 20-30 years (adultus), and another one has passed the age of 60 (senilis). As a result of the paleopathological analyses, a wide spectrum of dental pathologies (supragingi¬val calculus, cavities, abscess, antemortem tooth loss) and bone pathologies (os¬teoarthritis, intervertebral disc herniation, porotic hyperostosis) were recorded. The analysis of occupational indicators showed over-demanding physical activ¬ities, spatial mobility, and horseback riding. Traces of violent death, such as cra¬nial and postcranial fractures, have been reported in several cases. There were also identified injuries with signs of healing

The archaeological research conducted in 2017-2019 was concentrated in the southwest part of the site, where as a result of the geomagnetic measurements a positive anomaly was attested that denotes the presence of burned structures. Following the archaeological excavations (256 m2) in this part of the settlement, three layers of living were identified: Holercani-Hansca, Cozia-Saharna and Thracian-Getae. It was discovered a pit (7/2018) belonging to the Holercani-Hansca horizon whose filling contained ceramics characteristic of this culture. For the Cozia-Saharna layer was found a structure (4/2017-2019), 12 pits, a burial, and various archaeological inventory represented by work tools, weapons and ceramics ornamented with incised and stamped ornaments. In the Thracian-Getae layer were uncovered three structures, 13 pits and a rich archaeological findings. Among the inventory items are tools and utensils made of different raw materials – iron, bronze, bone and horn, stone and burnt clay. From this layer come several weapons, in particular, tips of bronze arrows, as well as pieces of jewelry, represented by fibuale, bracelets, rings etc. Also, from the Thracian-Getae layer was recovered a significant amount of local ceramics and Greek imports.

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Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the Middle Dniester region, as a result of field investigation, surveys, and archaeological researches 40 fortifications and 70 open settlements attributed to the Getic communities of the 4th-3rd centuries BC were discovered. In recent years, increased attention has been paid to the research of fortifications in the Saharna (16 sites) and Horodişte-Ţipova (7 sites) micro-zones. Based on field investigations and archaeological research, it has been observed that the defensive system of the fortifications in this region has some specific features, which are not attested in the rest of the Getic fortresses. Among these are the so-called “bastions”, which can be divided into two types according to the place of arrangement within the defensive system: bastions placed in front of the entrance gates, and “bastions” located on the perimeter of the fortification. The erection of defensive constructions of the bastion type as additional elements of the fortifications denotes the fact that the Getic communities of the Middle Dniester region had a thorough knowledge of the military architecture.

Thanks to a project funded by the Volkswagen Foundation, interdisciplinary research of pottery from several Early Iron Age sites in the Northern Black Sea region, including the Middle Dniester region, was carried out. Among these sites, due to the number of samples and the variety of forms of the vessels subject to analysis, the settlement of Saharna Mare-Dealul Mănăstirii (Rezina District, Republic of Moldova), attributed to the Cozia-Saharna culture, is of special interest. Fifty-two pottery samples were collected there, which were subjected to petrographic and chemical analyses. Also, in order to establish the provenance of the raw material used for pottery manufacture, samples were taken from the clay outcrops located at a distance of about 1.0 km southwest of the settlement. The results of these analyses, supplemented by the archaeological remains of a pottery workshop, as well as by the tools used for production and ornamenting of vessels, suggest a local manufacture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 10th-9th centuries BC the Middle Dniester region was populated by the communities of the Cozia-Saharna culture, a fact demonstrated by the discovery of the vestiges of fortified settlements, 41 open settlements and nine necropolises. For the study of mortuary practices in this region, an important role is played by the results of archaeological excavations from necropolises, as well as from the settlements Glinjeni "La Şanţ" and Saharna Mare / "Dealul Mănăstirii" where vestiges of funerary character were discovered. Given the importance of burials in settlements, they are the main subject of the article. In order to highlight the social status of buried individuals in necropolises and those buried in settlements, a comparative analysis of the graves is conducted, having as criteria: orientation and position of the dead, funeral constructions, grave goods, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article publishes the materials from the surface of a new Late Tripolian settlement in the Middle Dniester region. Apart from pottery, the abundance of stone implements is quite remarkable. The analysis of the structure and typology of chipped stone artifacts points towards a large-scaled flint processing on the site. It is possible, that this settlement, dated with the Vykhvatintsy stage, specialized in the production of stone tools, and the final products were transported to other sites within a complex system of economic interrelations.

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)