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ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between skeletal muscle mass and metabolic syndrome （MS） disease risk among middle-aged and elderly community residents in Urumqi， and to provide a theoretical basis for understanding the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and MS among middle-aged and elderly community residents in China.MethodsA total of 1 438 community residents ≥ 50 years old were selected as the research subjects from July 2018 to January 2019 in Urumqi. They were selected from a multi-ethnic natural population cohort in Xinjiang. Data were collected through questionnaires， physical examination， bioelectrical impedance analysis （BIA）， laboratory tests， etc. Skeletal muscle mass was evaluated using the limb skeletal muscle mass index （SMI） corrected for body weight； MS was defined as it at least includes three of the following： abdominal obesity， hypertension， hyperglycemia， high triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. SMI was divided into four quantile arrays of Q1‒Q4. Trend χ2 test was applied to explore whether there was a correlation between SMI changes and MS. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze whether there is a difference in the risk of MS between the higher SMI group （Q2， Q3， Q4） and the reference group Q1.ResultA total of 560 MS patients were detected in this study， with a prevalence rate of 38.94%. Among them， the prevalence rate of MS was 39.16% in males and 38.80% in females. The increase in male SMI grading level is not correlated with the prevalence of MS （trend P>0.05）； After adjusting for confounding factors （model 4）， the increase in SMI was still not related to the prevalence of MS （Ptrend=0.995）. There was no statistical difference in the risk of MS between the lowest quartile group Q1 and the highest quartile group Q4 （OR=1.01， 95%CI： 0.69‒1.78）. The prevalence of MS in women gradually decreased with the increase of SMI grading level （Ptrend

Objectives: to determine the effects of vitamin B12 supplementation on neuropsychological function and disease progression in middle aged and elderly patients with cognitive impairment. Methods: this was a prospective case-control study. From May 2020 to May 2021, 307 participants clinically diagnosed with cognitive impairment in the Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were enrolled. A total of 115 patients were included in this study. Meanwhile, 115 participants with cognitive impairment were randomly assigned in equal proportions to two groups: vitamin B12 treatment group (n = 58, vitamin B12 500 mg/d intramuscularly for seven days, followed by cobamamide 0.25 mg/d and methylcobalamin 0.50 mg/d) and the control group (n = 57). Demographic characteristics and blood biochemical variables were obtained from all participants. Cognitive performance was measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Cognitive performance was measured at baseline and after six months. Results: the vitamin B12 supplementation treatment patients who presented with cognitive impairment showed significant improvement, especially in attention, calculation (p < 0.01) and visual-constructional ability (p < 0.05), in their neuropsychological function compared to their matched group. Conclusion: vitamin B12 supplementation may improve frontal function in patients with cognitive decline. Vitamin B12 levels should be investigated in all patients with cognitive impairment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background There are few studies on the relationship between sleep time and falls at present, and the research results are inconsistent. Objective To explore the relationship between sleeping time and falls in middle-aged and elderly residents in China, and to provide reference for preventing falls in this population. Methods The study based on the data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) data in 2015. 18 181 subjects aged ≥45 years with complete key data were included. Collect the indicators of the middle-aged and old people in the past two years, such as falls and medical treatment, sleep time, demographic characteristics, behavior and lifestyle, health status, self-life satisfaction and self-rated health. The subjects were divided into 5 groups according to the sleep time per night:

Intergenerational care is becoming increasingly common in rural areas due to the increase of young and middle⁃aged laborers from rural families migrating to urban areas to work and the impact of the“three ⁃child policy”. Based on the data from the 2018 China Health and Elderly Care Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS), this paper used OLS and 2SLS regression models to study the effects of intergenerational care in rural areas on self ⁃ rated health status, daily activity ability impairment, and mental health status of middle ⁃ aged and elderly adults. The results found that providing intergenerational care had no significant effect on the self⁃rated health of middle⁃aged and elderly adults. There is a positive contribution to both daily activities impairment and mental health status. Heterogeneity analysis showed that intergenerational care had a more significant effect on female middle ⁃ aged and older adults than males, with the age heterogeneity mainly manifested in the daily activity ability. Therefore, we should rationalize the value and role of middle⁃aged and elderly adults in family life at the family level. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the physical and mental health characteristics of different age groups. At the social level, we should improve the security systems such as medical and pension insurance. We should also introduce policy systems and financial compensation measures for middle⁃aged and elderly intergenerational care families to take advantage of rural intergenerational care on the health of middle⁃aged and elderly adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Although middle-aged and elderly users are the main group targeted by health maintenance-oriented WeChat official accounts (HM-WOAs), few studies have explored the relationship of these accounts and their users. Exploring the factors that influence the continuous adoption of WOAs is helpful to strengthen the health education of middle-aged and elderly individuals. Objective We developed a new theoretical model and explored the factors that influence middle-aged and elderly individuals' continuous usage intention for HM-WOA. Performance expectancy mediated the effects of the model in explaining continuous usage intention and introduced health literacy into the model. Methods We established a hybrid theoretical model on the basis of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 model (UTAUT2), the health belief model (BHM), protection motivation theory (PMT), and health literacy. We collected valid responses from 396 middle-aged and elderly users aged ≥ 45 years in China. To verify our hypotheses, we analyzed the data using structural equation modeling. Results Performance expectancy (β = 0.383, P

Background: Although middle-aged and elderly users are the main group targeted by health maintenance-oriented WeChat official accounts (HM-WOAs), few studies have explored the relationship of these accounts and their users. Exploring the factors that influence the continuous adoption of WOAs is helpful to strengthen the health education of middle-aged and elderly individuals.Objective: We developed a new theoretical model and explored the factors that influence middle-aged and elderly individuals' continuous usage intention for HM-WOA. Performance expectancy mediated the effects of the model in explaining continuous usage intention and introduced health literacy into the model.Methods: We established a hybrid theoretical model on the basis of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 model (UTAUT2), the health belief model (BHM), protection motivation theory (PMT), and health literacy. We collected valid responses from 396 middle-aged and elderly users aged ≥ 45 years in China. To verify our hypotheses, we analyzed the data using structural equation modeling.Results: Performance expectancy (β = 0.383, P < 0.001), hedonic motivation (β = 0.502, P < 0.001), social influence (β = 0.134, P = 0.049), and threat appraisal (β = 0.136, P < 0.001) positively influenced middle-aged and elderly users' continuous usage intention. Perceived health threat (β =  - 0.065, P = 0.053) did not have a significant effect on continuous usage intention. Both threat appraisal (β = 0.579, P < 0.001) and health literacy (β = 0.579, P < 0.001) positively affected performance expectancy. Threat appraisal indirectly affected continuous usage intention through performance expectancy mediation.Conclusions: Our new theoretical model is useful for understanding middle-aged and elderly users' continuous usage intention for HM-WOA. Performance expectancy plays a mediation role between threat appraisal and continuous usage intention, and health literacy positively affects performance expectancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the calcium nutrition condition and to explore its association with osteoporosis prevalence of in middle-aged and elder population in Shanghai Minhang District. Methods A questionnaire investigation was conducted and physical examination was performed in 1460 over 50 years old regular residents in Shanghai Minhang District. BMD of the lumbar spine，total hip，femur neck，and Wards triangle was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Fasting serum and urine calcium were determined with chemiluminescence method . Osteoporosis，osteopenia，and normal bone mass were diagnosed according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Urinary calcium level below 1. 7 mmol /L was diagnosed as calcium deficiency. Urinary calcium level above 5. 3 mmol /L was diagnosed as high calcium loss. The rest was normal urinary calcium. Results Among 1460 subjects，337 were osteoporosis (23. 08%) ，and 420 were normal bone mass (28. 77%) . Osteoporosis prevalence was 4. 12% in males and 37. 88% infemales. Urinary calcium deficiency was found in 365 persons (25. 0%) . High calcium loss was found in 176 persons (12. 1%) . Calcium deficiency was 30. 32% in males and 22. 78% in females. The highest urinary calcium level (3. 67 mmol /L) was found in subjects below 60 years old in osteopenia group. The 3-year changes of urinary calcium level were significant in female osteoporosis groups. Conclusion Calcium deficiency is higher in males than in females， but osteoporosis prevalence is much higher in females than in males. Calcium deficiency is common in aged population. Calcium deficiency plus high calcium loss are the main factors leading to senile osteoporosis. In the process of preventing osteoporosis in aged population，it is very important to avoid high calcium loss besides calcium supplement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This longitudinal study examined age-related changes in attitudes toward death among middle-aged and elderly Japanese subjects. Data were derived from the National Institute for Longevity Sciences - Longitudinal Study of Aging （NILSLSA）. Participants （N＝ 3789; age ＝ 40-91 years） comprised the first, third, fifth, and seventh waves of NILS-LSA, and the attitude toward death scale for the middle-aged and elderly（ ATDS-A: five subscales） was completed up to four times at approximately 4-year intervals. General linear mixed-model analyses revealed the following“: Fear of death” decreased for age groups from middle age to young-old, but stabilized during old-old age. “The belief in existence of an afterlife” score decreased with age. Older subjects showed a high score for“ Intention to live out own life” and“ Meaning of death for life,” but these scores did not exhibit longitudinal changes.“ Approval of death with dignity” was higher in older subjects, but longitudinal change was seen only in early-middle age. These results suggest that each aspect of attitudes toward death has a different longitudinal trajectory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]