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Artykuł dotyczy wspomnień i listów Michała Czajkowskiego, jednego z głównych przedstawicieli Polonii w Imperium Osmańskim oraz autora ciekawych, syntetycznych koncepcji historiozoficznych. Mój artykuł skupia się na problematyce palimpsestowej tożsamości Czajkowskiego (polskiej, kozackiej, tureckiej oraz wschodniej w ogólności) oraz na doktrynie walki o niepodległość, która wyłania się z pism tego emigranta. W artykule poruszone zostają też kwestie mitologizacji historii, rola relacji polsko-tureckich w okresie wojny krymskiej oraz specyfika polskiej odmiany romantycznego orientalizmu. Jest to w końcu próba wstępnego rozpoznania polskiej historiozofii związanej z sąsiedztwem oraz politycznym zbliżeniem z Imperium Osmańskim, która jest ciekawym i wartym dalszych analiz rozdziałem polskiej myśli doby romantyzmu.

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This article looks at the characters and types of narration in Michał Czajkowski's Dziwne życia Polaków i Polek [Strange Lives of Poles and Polish Women]. Published in 1865, the book is a collection of biographical essays recounting in vivid detail the real-life stories of Polish noblemen from the Ukraine caught in the power games of the Ottoman and the Russian Empire in the early 19th-century. Czajkowski makes no direct references to Cervantes, but at one point calls his bunch knight errants, insisting that Poland produced more of them than any country in the world. Elsewhere he counterpoints earthy realism and (mock)epic decorum, fact and literary invention ('dzieje bajeczne') because they both make up the life of Antoni Iliński vel Iskender Pasha. Inspired by Joachim Lelewel's 1820 comparative study Historyczna paralela Hiszpanii z Polską w wieku XVI, XVII, XVIII [A Historical Parallel between Spain and Poland in the 16th, 17th, and 18th Century] the article tries to trace such covert links or echoes of Cervantes in Czajkowski's handling of his maverick heroes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article dwells into the ideological development and evolution of the Balkan policies of Adam Czartoryski’s Hôtel Lambert – one of the Polish political camps in exile, represented by the conservative-liberal and monarchic ideas. The geopolitical changes in Europe at the end of 1830’s forced Czartoryski and his émigré camp in Paris to shift their political concepts. As a culmination of that new course, Hôtel Lambert established a permanent Eastern Agency in the Ottoman capital, which was headed by the Polish agent Michał Czajkowski. And it is no coincidence, since after the second Ottoman-Egyptian Crisis the East was no doubtfully established as a focal geopolitical point. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 1840s Hôtel Lambert started to operate in the Balkan Peninsula - they wanted to use the animosities between the Great Powers in the region to create international conditions to regain independence for Poland. One of the territories of their activity was Bulgaria, where they cooperated with the activists of the Church Movement: Neofit Bozveli and Ilarion Makariopolski. The specific character of the activity of Hôtel Lambert in Bulgaria lay in the close relations with the Catholic Missionaries, with whom Polish agents were trying to realize their main purpose: to reach the union of the Church and to weaken the influences of Orthodox Russia in the Balkans. The main agent of Czartoryski in Constantinople, Michał Czajkowski, led to the escape of Neofit and Ilarion from the Athos in 1844 and organized the action of sending petitions about Bulgarian national rights to the sultan. The Polish involvement yielded important results for the development of the Bulgarian national movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]