Search

ABSTRACT Aim Design Data Sources Methods Results Conclusion Impact and Implications for the Profession Reporting Method Patient or Public Contribution The aim of this study is to explore the experiences of nurses who resigned from healthcare organisations or abandoned the profession and explore the reasons behind them.A systematic review of qualitative studies and meta‐summary.Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Embase (Ovid), MEDLINE (Ovid), Social Science Citation Index (Web of Science), and Scopus.The search was conducted up to May 2024. Primary qualitative studies focused on nurses who had resigned or left the profession were included. The meta‐summary was conducted using method: findings were extracted from the reports, edited, grouped, abstracted into key meta‐findings, and finally, their frequency effect sizes were calculated.A total of 282 findings were extracted from 12 studies, generating 49 statements of findings that were aggregated into nine key meta‐findings. Poor management practices presented a frequency effect size of 100%. Other key meta‐findings included excessive workload, teamwork hurdles, health issues related to work shifts and difficulty in maintaining work‐life balance, a lack of career growth opportunities and promotion chances, disillusionment with nursing, dissatisfaction due to salary, bullying and horizontal violence, and moral distress over ethical dilemmas.The findings can help support the development of targeted strategies and the implementation of effective policies aimed at reducing nursing turnover.The major impact of these findings is the recognition of rising factors that negatively affect nurses' quality of life, including workload pressures and poor management strategies, which significantly lower job satisfaction. To address these challenges, the profession should prioritise tools that value nurses in their roles, implement strategies to manage workloads more effectively and advocate for policies promoting flexible scheduling. Additionally, investing in professional development and fostering a supportive work environment can help retain skilled nurses and nurture the growth of new talent.Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA).No patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: In pandemics, infection exposure and quarantine represent critical occupational risks for healthcare workers (HCWs). However, while the psychological consequences of HCWs' quarantine have been reviewed, other potential implications of quarantine on HCWs, such as those that are work-, professional-, social- and private-related, have not been summarised to date. Summarising quarantined HCWs' experiences in the current and past pandemics, as investigated with qualitative studies, might improve awareness of their needs, concerns, and the consequences of quarantine on their personal lives. Therefore, the lived experience of quarantined HCWs was reviewed and subjected to meta-synthesis and -summary. Methods: A systematic review of qualitative studies followed by a meta-synthesis and -summary allowing an interpretative integration of the findings of qualitative studies, was performed. PubMed, CINHAL and Scopus databases were explored up to 31 January, 2021, without any limitation in time. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. Methods and findings are reported according to the Enhancing transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research statement. Results: A total of 635 records were retrieved and five studies were included. Overall, five themes summarised the lived experience of quarantined HCWs: 1) Being emotionally challenged; 2) Living the quarantine limitations; 3) Losing freedom; 4) Accepting the quarantine; and 5) Staying away from me. The most frequent categories across studies were 'Feeling stressed' and 'Being constrained' (both 100%). The least frequent were 'Feeling sad' (20%), 'Enjoying my family' (20%) and 'Being refused as a family member' (20%). Conclusions: The lived experience of HCWs is multidimensional, the implications of which also affect private spheres of life: the immediate family and wider relatives. Understanding and learning from HCWs' lived experiences might support policymakers, public health authorities and managers with the goal of maintaining the highest physical and mental health of staff during outbreaks. Timely services supporting HCWs, both during and after episode(s) of quarantine, are suggested to prevent additional burdens on frontline professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is multifactorial and strongly affected by genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Several studies have reported development of concomitant CAD in identical twins. We report a case in which a pair of Caucasian male monozygotic twins presented almost concomitantly with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and had concordant coronary anatomy and identical site of occlusion. We performed a systematic literature review of PubMed, Web Of Science and Scopus databases from inception until 28 February 2023 of case reports/case series reporting the concomitant development of CAD in monozygotic twins. We found 25 eligible case reports with a total of 31 monozygotic twin pairs (including the case from our center) suffering from CAD and presenting (most of them simultaneously) with ACS (mean age of presentation: 45 ± 12 years, males: 81%). Coronary angiograms demonstrated lesion and anatomy concordance in 77% and 79% of the twin pairs, respectively. Screening for disease-related genetic mutations was performed in six twin pairs leading to the identification of five CAD-related genetic polymorphisms. This is the first systematic literature review of studies reporting identical twin pairs suffering from CAD. In summary, there is high concordance of coronary anatomy and clinical presentation between monozygotic twins. Future monozygotic twin studies—unbiased by age effects—can provide insights into CAD heritability being able to disentangle the traditional dyad of genetic and environmental factors and investigate the within-pair epigenetic drift. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Academic Social Science Studies is the property of Journal of Academic Social Science Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Fear of falling (FoF) affects a large number of older people, whether they have a history of falls or not. This has an impact on their lives. FoF is a potentially modifiable factor, which has been identified as one of the most important threats to older people's autonomy. Objectives: To gain a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐summary. The available evidence from qualitative research exploring how people experience FoF and how FoF affects daily living was aggregated. Methods: We followed the approach by Sandelowski and Barroso (2007) as a method to aggregate knowledge based on an exhaustive literature search. We searched the databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and SSCI systematically for relevant articles as well as grey literature until September 2020. Out of the included studies, findings were extracted, edited, grouped and abstracted into meta‐findings. Finally, the manifest frequency effect size of each abstracted meta‐finding was calculated. Results: Out of 2978 identified studies, 15 met our inclusion criteria, which were published between 1993 and 2017 and included a total of 276 participants. We extracted 578 findings, and the abstraction process resulted in 183 meta‐findings. We identified three main topics: 'Triggers and reasons for FoF identified by affected people', 'Consequences attributed to FoF' and 'Strategies to manage FoF in daily life'. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that FoF has a far‐reaching impact on the lives of those affected. With the aggregation of the existing qualitative data with the application of the frequency effect size, we were able to identify three areas of particular importance to those affected: (1) controlling the risk, (2) creating a safe environment and (3) staying independent. Implications for practice these three areas of particular importance to those affected should be taken into account when revisiting or creating new interventions to prevent or reduce FoF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To summarise the qualitative evidence exploring the clinical assessor's experience of assessing undergraduate nursing and midwifery students who underperform on clinical placement. A qualitative systematic review and meta-summary was undertaken. Database searches included CINAHL Plus with full text; Academic Search Complete; MEDLINE; PsycARTICLES; PsychINFO; Social Sciences Full text; SocINDEX with Full Text; ERIC; Pubmed; Scopus and Web of Science. Included studies were appraised using the CASP (Critical Appraisal Skills Programme) tool. A meta-summary was conducted using Sandelowski & Barroso's method. The review included 18 studies reported across 25 papers. Eight themes and 37 thematic sentences were created from 403 extracted findings. The management of underperformance on clinical placement by undergraduate nursing and midwifery students presents a challenge for those nurses and midwives, working on the frontline of patient care, who also take on the role of clinical assessor. Addressing these challenges is essential to support the assessor and the student. Sharing of the decision making with a colleague when there is evidence of underperformance could address many of the difficulties experienced by the clinical assessor. • Student nurse or midwives must demonstrate competency in clinical placement. • There is evidence of 'failure to fail' underperforming students. • Assessing the underperforming student nurse or midwife is a difficult experience. • Clinical assessors struggle with self-doubt, lack of confidence and guilt. • Clinical assessors need support when assessing an underperforming student. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There are currently numerous innovations in peer review and quality assurance in scholarly publishing. The Research on Research Institute conducted a programme of co-produced projects investigating these innovations. This literature review was part of one such project ‘Experiments in peer review’ which created an inventory and framework of peer review innovations. The aim of this literature review was to aid the development of the inventory by identifying innovations in the external peer review of journal manuscripts reported in the scholarly literature and by providing a summary of the different approaches. This did not include interventions in editorial processes. Methods: This review of reviews is based on data identified from Web of Science and Scopus limited from 2010 to 2021. A total of 291 records were screened, with six review articles chosen for the focus of the literature review. Items were selected that described approaches to innovating peer review or illustrated examples. Results: The overview of innovations are drawn from six review articles. The innovations are divided into three high-level categories: approaches to peer review, reviewer focussed initiatives and technology to support peer review with sub-categories of results presented in tabular form and summarised. A summary of all innovations found is also presented. Conclusions: From a simple synthesis of the review authors’ conclusions, three key messages are presented: observations on current practice; authors’ views on the implications of innovations in peer review; and calls for action in peer review research and practice.

The article highlights a study to explore the factors impacting evidence implementation in complementary medicine (CM) practice. It discusses that the research offers new insights into the challenges and opportunities to implementing evidence based practices in the field of CM and the findings underline the complexity of the phenomenon, and the need for a nuanced, multi-faceted and multi-stakeholder approach to improving evidence implementation in CM.

Copyright of Journal of Rural Research is the property of Negah Institute for Social Research & Scientific Communication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS) are a frequent phenomenon. Understanding adults and adolescents' lived experience with MUPS is essential for providing adequate care, yet a rigorous synthesis of existing studies is missing. Objective: This study aimed to summarize findings from primary qualitative studies focused on adults' and adolescents' experience of living with MUPS. Design: Qualitative studies were searched in the PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, and Medline databases and manually. A total of 23 resources met the inclusion criteria and were subjected to a qualitative meta-summary. Results: Eight themes were found across the set of primary studies, namely, the need to feel understood, struggling with isolation, 'sense of self' in strain, facing uncertainty, searching for explanations, ambivalence about diagnosis, disappointed by healthcare, and active coping. Conclusion: The eight themes represent the core struggles adults' and adolescents' with MUPS face in their lives, psychologically and socially. Although these themes appear to be universal, the analysis also revealed considerable variability of experience in terms of expectations from healthcare professionals, attitude towards formal diagnoses, ability to cope with the illness, or potential to transform the illness experience into personal growth. Addressing this diversity of needs represents a significant challenge for the healthcare system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To summarize the experience of individuals placed in quarantine during an outbreak. Design: A meta‐summary and a meta‐synthesis based upon a systematic review of qualitative studies. Sample: The Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases were all searched up to April 2020. Measurements: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines were followed; then, the methodological quality of the studies included was assessed with the Critical Appraisal Screening Programme tool for qualitative studies. Results: Five studies have been included documenting the experience of 125 adult individuals. A total of 16 codes emerged: in the meta‐summary, the most and least frequent codes were "Thinking about quarantine" (80%) and "Emotional roller coaster," "Being alert for any symptom," "Trusting or not?," "Knowing who brought the infection," and "Living in a surreal world" (20%). The codes which emerged were categorized into three main themes which summarized the whole experience of being placed in quarantine: (a) "Being swamped with a thousand emotions"; (b) "Being restrained"; and (c) "Needing to be considered." Conclusions: The experience of quarantine for people is a long journey which can feel chaotic due to uncertainty about the consequences on health, work, and the future. The findings of this study can help nurses in caring for quarantined individuals by enabling them to understand people's need for educational and emotional support. Ensuring the supply of consistent information is also important to increase people's compliance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Myocarditis in COVID-19 was relatively rare but can be severe and lead to mortality. • Cardiac MRI showing cardiac oedema and injury was valuable in diagnosing myocarditis. • Left ventricular dysfunction and hypokinesis was common and should be managed. • Steroids were often used but implications on viral clearance should be considered. Myocarditis caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection was proposed to account for a proportion of cardiac injury in patients with COVID-19. However, reports of coronavirus-induced myocarditis were scarce. The aim of this review was to summarise the published cases of myocarditis and describe their presentations, diagnostic processes, clinical characteristics and outcomes. A literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL and OpenGrey on was performed on 3 June 2020. Studies of myocarditis in patients with COVID-19 were included, and those only reporting cardiac injury or heart failure were excluded. Cases were "confirmed" myocarditis if diagnosed on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) or histopathology. Those without were grouped as "possible" myocarditis. A total of 31 studies on 51 patients were included; 12 cases were confirmed myocarditis while 39 had possible myocarditis. The median age was 55 and 69% were male. The most common presenting symptoms were fever, shortness of breath, cough and chest pain. Electrocardiogram changes included non-specific ST-segment and T-wave changes and ventricular tachycardia. Most patients had elevated cardiac and inflammatory biomarkers. Left ventricular dysfunction and hypokinesis was common. CMR established the diagnosis in 10 patients, with features of cardiac oedema and cardiac injury. Five patients had histopathological examination. Some cases required mechanical ventilation and extracoporeal membrane oxygenation, and 30% of patients recovered but 27% died. COVID-19 myocarditis was associated with ECG, cardiac biomarker and echocardiographic changes, and the manifestation could be severe leading to mortality. Endomyocardial biopsy was not available in most cases but CMR was valuable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the proliferation of differing methods for synthesising qualitative research, Sandelowski and Barroso’s approach stands out because it is a stimulus to thinking and creativity. Yet, when applying the approach within our qualitative meta-summary and meta-synthesis project, we encountered some methodological challenges. Key aspects of the approach are outlined and juxtaposed with how we handled them in practical terms thereby entering into a methodological discussion based on the existing international research synthesis literature. For example, we encountered challenges pertaining to the researchers’ underlying epistemological assumptions, the composition of the research team, the construction of a feasible research question, the application of critical appraisal tools and the determination of an appropriate cut-off point for effect sizes to create a more parsimonious theory. From that reflective process, we draw out lessons learned for each aspect to provide neophyte researchers with valuable information that can increase the validity of future meta-syntheses projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: To synthesise the evidence reported in qualitative studies concerning the lived experiences of adult patients receiving mechanical ventilation in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Background: Critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in the ICU have been reported to suffer from severe physical and emotional responses such as hopelessness, anxiety, high levels of frustration and stress. Recent improvements in the field of mechanical ventilation and sedative medications as experienced by patients that can inform nursing care have not been summarised to date. Design: A systematic review of qualitative studies followed by a meta‐synthesis and a meta‐summary was performed. Methods: Four electronic databases were searched by two authors in June 2019. A total of nine studies were included and evaluated based on their methodological quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist. Results: A total of 24 codes emerged from the abstraction process, which were categorised into 11 categories and four themes: (a) "The effect of the intense stress on the body's systems," (b) "The induced negative emotional situations," (c) "The feeling of being cared for in a hospital setting" and (d) "The perceived support from the family and loved ones." Furthermore, the most frequent codes across studies were "Being afraid," "Feeling supervised," "Feeling comforted," "Failing to communicate," and "Experiencing difficulties in breathing," with an intensity of 66.6%. Conclusion: Patients receiving mechanical ventilation have expressed a general sense of vulnerability, of which critical care nurses need to be aware. Relevance to clinical practice: Findings suggest the need for improvements at the nursing, unit, educational and policy levels; furthermore, more research is also required at the international levels given the current trends towards no sedation protocols for the management of ICU patients: listening to their experiences becomes imperative, in order to ensure an awake, comfortable and ventilator‐tolerant patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To identify and synthesise patient-identified factors that influence satisfaction with outpatient musculoskeletal physiotherapy (O-MSK). Methods: A systematic, qualitative meta-summary and meta-synthesis was conducted by accessing six electronic databases: CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Wiley Online Library, from inception to March 2017. Additional studies were identified by using a "berry-picking" method. Search limits were: primary studies; English language; and involving human subjects. Qualitative peer-reviewed articles describing patient satisfaction in O-MSK were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers critically appraised eligible studies independently using the critical appraisal of skills programme tool for qualitative studies. Extracted verbatim data of included studies were synthesised using the meta-summary and meta-synthesis by using a purpose-designed form. Results: Eleven studies were included in the article. Factors influencing patient satisfaction were grouped into six broad themes: 1) clinical outcomes; 2) physiotherapist features; 3) patient features; 4) physiotherapist-patient relationship; 5) treatment features, and 6) healthcare setting features. Conclusions: These findings suggest that patient satisfaction in O-MSK is a multidimensional construct influenced by individual patient/provider, clinical, and contextual factors. Future reviews should include a synthesis of findings from both qualitative and quantitative studies to establish a fully comprehensive understanding of this complex health phenomenon. Patient satisfaction in outpatient musculoskeletal physiotherapy is affected by different factors, thus reflecting a multidimensional construct; Single determinants are not sufficient to affect patient satisfaction; Patient satisfaction is influenced individual patient/provider, clinical outcomes, and contextual factors; Further studies should be designed to investigate the relationships among these factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To summarise evidence on sleep deprivation and/or poor sleep determinants as experienced by intensive care unit patients. A systematic review of qualitative studies identified through PubMed, CINAHL and Scopus databases published in English up to 2018 was performed following PRISMA guidelines. The included studies were critically evaluated by using the Critical Appraisal Screening Programme tool. Study findings were then subjected to a meta-summary and a meta-synthesis. Intensive Care Units. Critically ill patients' experiences of sleep deprivation. Seven qualitative studies were included documenting the experience of 109 adult patients. A total of 12 codes emerged as causes of sleep deprivation and 'feeling fear/concern' was reported with the greatest frequency (71.4%) in the meta-summary. The 12 codes were categorised into three main themes influencing both directly and also interdependently the quality of sleep: (1) Experiencing complex interactions with the environment (nursing activities, frightening or disturbing sounds, acceptable sounds, time and space disorientation); (2) Undergoing intensive emotions and feelings (fear/concerns, state of abandon, inexplicable insomnia, inability to move, inability to talk) and (3) Receiving an appropriate standard of care (physical pain, feeling safe/unsafe). Despite the increased relevance of sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality, only a few studies have been performed to date aimed at identifying the factors involved in the phenomenon according to patient experience. The majority of determinants as identified from patients' perspective are modifiable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Qualitative research is pivotal in gaining understanding of individuals' experiences in pediatric palliative care. In the past few decades, the number of qualitative studies on pediatric palliative care has increased slightly, as has interest in qualitative research in this area. Nonetheless, a limited number of such studies have included the first-person perspective of children. The aim of this article is to understand the contribution of previous qualitative research on pediatric palliative care that included the voices of children.Method: A systematic review of qualitative studies and a meta-summary were conducted. MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, and ERIC were searched without limitations on publication date or language. Eligible articles were qualitative research articles in which the participants were children ranging in age from 3 to 18 years.ResultWe retrieved 16 qualitative research articles reporting on 12 unique studies, and we selected two mixed-method articles. The meta-summary shows eight themes: the relationship with professional caregivers, pain and its management, "living beyond pain," the relationship between pediatric patients and their families, children's view on their treatment and service provision, meanings children give to their end-of-life situation, consequences of clinical decisions, and the relationships among children in pediatric palliative care and their peers.Significance of resultsThis meta-summary presents the "state of the art" of pediatric palliative care qualitative research on children and highlights additional research areas that warrant qualitative study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this meta-summary study is to determine the preponderance findings about the contribution of STEM education to the dimensions of the science curriculum and the learning-teaching process, its limitations and applicability by bringing together the studies that examine the views of teachers and students participating on STEM education. For this purpose, 22 research reports collected according to particular criteria from the literature were included in this meta-summary study. The frequency effect sizes of the data of the research reports were calculated and the frequency effect size was reported to be higher than 15%. As a result of the meta-summary study, 31 expressions were conceptualized under the themes of (i) the contribution of STEM education to knowledge, skills and affective dimension, (ii) contribution of STEM education to Science-Engineering-Technology-Society-Environment context, (iii) contribution of STEM education to learning-teaching process and (iv) the limitations and the recommendations on applicability of STEM education. It was determined that the most important contributions of the STEM education to science curriculum dimensions were as following; (i) appropriate for physics subjects, (ii) developing life skills, (iii) attracting the attention of the students, (iv) creating career awareness and (v) learning by fun. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Symptom recognition and self-management is instrumental in reducing the number of deaths related to coronary artery disease (CAD) in women. The purpose of this study was to synthesize qualitative research evidence on the self-management of cardiac pain and associated symptoms in women. Seven databases were systematically searched, and the concepts of the Individual and Family Self-Management Theory were used as the framework for data extraction and analysis. Search strategies yielded 22,402 citations, from which 35 qualitative studies were included in a final meta-summary, comprising data from 769 participants, including 437 (57%) women. The available literature focused cardiac pain self-management from a binary sex and gender perspective. Ethnicity was indicated in 19 (54%) studies. Results support individualized intervention strategies that promote goal setting and action planning, management of physical and emotional responses, and social facilitation provided through social support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Individual qualitative studies provide varied reasons for why heart failure patients do not engage in self-care, yet articles that aggregated primary studies on the subject have methodological weaknesses that justified the execution of a qualitative meta-summary. Aim: The aim of this study is to integrate the findings of qualitative studies pertaining to barriers and facilitators to self-care using meta-summary techniques. Methods: Qualitative meta-summary techniques by Sandelowski and Barroso were used to combine the findings of qualitative studies. Meta-summary techniques include: (1) extraction of relevant statements of findings from each report; (2) reduction of these statements into abstracted findings and (3) calculation of effect sizes. Databases were searched systematically for qualitative studies published between January 2010 and July 2015. Out of 2264 papers identified, 31 reports based on the accounts of 814 patients were included in the meta-summary. Results: A total of 37 statements of findings provided a comprehensive inventory of findings across all reports. Out of these statements of findings, 21 were classified as barriers, 13 as facilitators and three were classed as both barriers and facilitators. The main themes relating to barriers and facilitators to self-care were: beliefs, benefits of self-care, comorbidities, financial constraints, symptom recognition, ethnic background, inconsistent self-care, insufficient information, positive and negative emotions, organizational context, past experiences, physical environment, self-initiative, self-care adverse effects, social context and personal preferences. Conclusion: Based on the meta-findings identified in this study, future intervention development could address these barriers and facilitators in order to further enhance self-care abilities in heart failure patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hand hygiene is considered an effective and potentially modifiable infection control behaviour among healthcare workers (HCW). Several meta-studies have been published that compare quantitatively expressed findings, but limited efforts have been made to synthesise qualitative research. Objectives: This paper provides the first report of integrated findings from qualitative research reports on hand hygiene compliance among HCW worldwide that employs the GRADE-CERQual process of quality assessment. Methods: We conducted database searches and identified 36 reports in which authors conducted qualitative or mixed methods research on hand hygiene compliance among HCW. We used Dedoose analysis software to facilitate extraction of relevant excerpts. We applied the GRADE-CERQual process to describe relative confidence as high, moderate or low for nine aggregate findings. Findings: Highest confidence findings included that HCW believe they have access to adequate training, and that management and resource support are sometimes lacking. Individual, subjective criteria also influence hand hygiene. Discussion: These results suggest the need for further investigation into healthcare cultures that are perceived as supportive for infection control. Surveillance processes have potential, especially if information is perceived by HCW as timely and relevant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There are currently numerous innovations in peer review and quality assurance in scholarly publishing. The Research on Research Institute conducted a programme of co-produced projects investigating these innovations. This literature review was part of one such project 'Experiments in peer review' which created an inventory and framework of peer review innovations. The aim of this literature review was to aid the development of the inventory by identifying innovations in the external peer review of journal manuscripts reported in the scholarly literature and by providing a summary of the different approaches. This did not include interventions in editorial processes. Methods: This review of reviews is based on data identified from Web of Science and Scopus limited from 2010 to 2021. A total of 291 records were screened, with six review articles chosen for the focus of the literature review. Items were selected that described approaches to innovating peer review or illustrated examples.   Results: The overview of innovations are drawn from six review articles. The innovations are divided into three high-level categories: approaches to peer review, reviewer focussed initiatives and technology to support peer review with sub-categories of results presented in tabular form and summarised. A summary of all innovations found is also presented. Conclusions: From a simple synthesis of the review authors' conclusions, three key messages are presented: observations on current practice; authors' views on the implications of innovations in peer review; and calls for action in peer review research and practice., Competing Interests: Competing interests: Ludo Waltman is Editor-in-Chief of Quantitative Science Studies, published by MIT Press. This journal is currently running a transparent peer review pilot. Stephen Pinfield and Ludo Waltman are collaborating with organizations participating in the COVID-19 Rapid Review Initiative. This initiative has experimented with several peer review innovations., (Copyright: © 2023 Woods HB et al.)

Background: Over recent decades, there has been considerable research and debate about essential features of advanced nursing practice and differences among various categories of advanced practice nurses. Objectives: This study aimed to derive an integrative description of the defining characteristics of advanced practice nursing through a meta-summary of the existing literature. Methods: A three-phase approach involved (a) systematic review of the literature to identify the specific activities characterized as advanced practice nursing, (b) qualitative meta-summary of practice characteristics extracted from manuscripts meeting inclusion criteria; and (c) statistical analysis of domains across advanced practice categories and country in which the study was completed. A descriptive framework was distilled using qualitative and quantitative results. Results: Fifty manuscripts met inclusion criteria and were retained for analysis. Seven domains of advanced nursing practice were identified: (a) autonomous or nurse-led extended clinical practice; (b) improving systems of care; (c) developing the practice of others; (d) developing/delivering educational programs/activities; (e) nursing research/scholarship; (f) leadership external to the organization; and (g) administering programs, budgets, and personnel. Domains were similar across categories of advanced nursing practice; the domain of developing/delivering educational programs/activities was more common in Australia than in the United States or United Kingdom. Discussion: Similarity at the domain level was sufficient to suggest that advanced practice role categories are less distinct than often argued. There is merit in adopting a more integrated and consistent interpretation of advanced practice nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Background: Psychosocial factors and physical health are associated with increased psychological distress post-heart transplant. Integrating findings from qualitative studies could highlight mechanisms for how these factors contribute to psychological well-being, thus aiding the development of interventions. Objective: To integrate qualitative findings regarding adult heart transplant recipients experiences, such as their emotions, perceptions and attitudes. Methods: A systematic review and meta-summary were conducted. Data from seven studies were categorized into 16 abstracted findings. Results: The most prominent finding across the studies related to recipients' perceptions of the importance of social support. Other prominent findings related to factors that promoted psychological well-being, such as faith, optimism and sense of control. Conclusions: Psychological well-being may be improved by enhancing perceived control over health and daily life, promoting an optimistic outlook by facilitating access to social support from other heart transplant recipients and ensuring post-transplant recipient–caregiver partnerships adequately support the transition back to independence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background: There are currently numerous innovations in peer review and quality assurance in scholarly publishing. The Research on Research Institute conducted a programme of co-produced projects investigating these innovations. This literature review was part of one such project 'Experiments in peer review' which created an inventory and framework of peer review innovations. The aim of this literature review was to aid the development of the inventory by identifying innovations in peer review reported in the scholarly literature and by providing a summary of the different approaches. Methods: This meta-summary is based on data identified from Web of Science and Scopus limited from 2010 to 2021. A total of 247 papers were screened, with 6 review articles chosen for the focus of the literature review. Items were selected that described approaches to innovating peer review or illustrated examples.   Results: The summary of innovations are drawn from 6 review articles. The innovations are divided into three high-level categories: approaches to peer review, reviewer focussed initiatives and technology to support peer review with sub-categories of results presented in tabular form and summarised. A summary of all innovations found is also presented. Conclusions: From a simple synthesis of the review authors' conclusions, three key messages are presented: observations on current practice; authors' views on the implications of innovations in peer review; and calls for action in peer review research and practice., Competing Interests: Competing interests: Ludo Waltman is Editor-in-Chief of Quantitative Science Studies, published by MIT Press. This journal is currently running a transparent peer review pilot. Stephen Pinfield and Ludo Waltman are collaborating with organizations participating in the COVID-19 Rapid Review Initiative. This initiative has experimented with several peer review innovations., (Copyright: © 2022 Woods HB et al.)

Health and social care Standards are evidence-based statements that demonstrate a desired level of care. Setting Standards for health and social care is a mechanism by which quality improvements can be achieved. Limited evidence exists on appropriate implementation strategies to overcome challenges with implementing Standards. The aim of this protocol is to set out a comprehensive plan to undertake a systematic search, appraisal and mixed research synthesis of the international literature that examines factors that hinder and facilitate implementation of health and social care Standards in order to inform the design of implementation strategies. A research question, "What are the enablers and barriers to implementing health and social care Standards in health and social care services?" was designed using the 'SPICE' (Setting, Perspectives, Interest phenomenon of, Comparison, Evaluation) framework. Electronic databases, grey literature and reference lists from included studies will be searched. Primary qualitative, quantitative descriptive and mixed methods studies reporting on enablers and barriers to implementing nationally endorsed Standards, will be included. The review will focus on experiences and perspectives from multi-level stakeholders including patient and public involvement. The quality of studies will be appraised using appropriate tools and findings used to weight interpretation of findings. Search outputs, data extraction and quality appraisal will be undertaken by two reviewers independently. Sandelowski meta-summary will be used to synthesise the data. Frequency and intensity effect sizes of enablers and barriers will be calculated to evaluate their prevalence across the studies. The Confidence in Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research (CERQual) approach will be applied to assess confidence in the findings of the review. Findings from this examination will inform influencing factors to implementation. Subsequently, this will contribute to pairing Standards with appropriate implementation strategies that will optimise the enabling factors and overcome challenges to implementation., Competing Interests: Competing interests: YK is undertaking a PhD studentship in the Health Information and Quality Authority (HIQA) and NOR, RF, LOC, are currently employed by HIQA, the national body responsible for the development of national health and social care Standards in Ireland., (Copyright: © 2021 Kelly Y et al.)

Objectives: To describe and compare, through a scoping review, emerging knowledge synthesis methods for integrating qualitative and quantitative evidence in health care, in terms of expertise required, similarities, differences, strengths, limitations, and steps involved in using the methods., Study Design and Setting: Electronic databases (e.g., MEDLINE) were searched, and two reviewers independently selected studies and abstracted data for qualitative analysis., Results: In total, 121 articles reporting seven knowledge synthesis methods (critical interpretive synthesis, integrative review, meta-narrative review, meta-summary, mixed studies review, narrative synthesis, and realist review) were included after screening of 17,962 citations and 1,010 full-text articles. Common similarities among methods related to the entire synthesis process, while common differences related to the research question and eligibility criteria. The most common strength was a comprehensive synthesis providing rich contextual data, whereas the most common weakness was a highly subjective method that was not reproducible. For critical interpretive synthesis, meta-narrative review, meta-summary, and narrative synthesis, guidance was not provided for some steps of the review process., Conclusion: Some of the knowledge synthesis methods provided guidance on all steps, whereas other methods were missing guidance on the synthesis process. Further work is needed to clarify these emerging knowledge synthesis methods., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)