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The Nightmare Before Christmas ' director, Henry Selick, tells us that watching the film should be like opening a pop-up book. Clean-cut silhouettes, fingerprints and grooves, hidden surprises, and playful subversiveness are as integral to Nightmare 's production design as they are typical of the pop-up book form. In this article, I will examine this symmetry and discuss how Selick's vision of a living illustration connects to the range of paper-engineered transmedia toys, books, and seasonal tokens that the film inspired. An early example is A Super Pop-Up (1993)—a charming gift book which positions the reader as a pseudo-stop-motion-animator, bending over doublespread dioramas to slide paper-cut characters into position. More recently, Reinhart's elaborate Petrifying Pop-Up for the Holidays (2018) showcases several contemporary devices that re-create specific filmic shots. Other notable Disney-endorsed merchandise includes a Pop-Up Advent Calendar (2019), featuring an impressively tall Gothmas-esque tree, and elegant pop-up Halloween and Valentine's cards produced by Hallmark and Lovepop. Each item treads the line between spirited plaything and fragile ornament, theatrical spectacle, and interactive artwork—a blurring of binaries that echoes the experimental artistry of Nightmare and continues to delight both young fans and adult collectors. Perhaps unsurprisingly, creative fans also appreciate Nightmare 's suitability for paper-craft, sharing printable DIY templates and paper-cut fan-art. I will demonstrate how the Victorian flavour of Nightmare , the affordances of stop-motion, and the film's stylistic and branding choices combine to emulate and elevate the nostalgic practice of 'making Christmas' from the humblest of materials—paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the German Football League's guidelines, football clubs are expected to contribute to sustainable development. This study analyzes football fans' interest in and willingness-to-pay for socially and environmentally sustainable merchandise clothing. Data from fans of a German Football Bundesliga club were collected using an online survey in 2022 (n = 1,019). A set of linear, logistic, log-linear, and zero-inflated Poisson regressions was estimated. The estimations reveal that environmental concerns, environmental knowledge, past purchase of merchandise products, and awareness of sustainable labels significantly positively affect fans' interest in sustainable clothing. The probability of reporting a positive willingness-to-pay (>€0) is significantly positively affected by fans' interest in sustainable clothes. Team identification has a significant negative effect on the amount of willingness-to-pay for a sustainable t-shirt in the subsample of respondents with a positive willingness-to-pay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

These excerpts are in dialogue with the work of raúl rodríguez freire, especially with his books La condición intelectual. Informe para una academia (Santiago de Chile, Mimesis, 2018); La universidad sin atributos (Santiago de Chile, Macul, 2020); La forma como ensayo. Crítica ficción teoría (Adrogué, La Cebra, 2020); Ficciones de la ley (Santiago de Chile, Mimesis, 2022); La naturaleza de las humanidades. Para una vida bajo otro clima (Ed. raúl rodríguez freire, Santiago de Chile, Mimesis, 2022). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of CIE Knowledge, Research & Education Magazine / Revista Conocimiento, Investigación y Educación CIE is the property of CIE Knowledge, Research & Education Magazine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Indian Retail sector has come off age and has gone through major transformation over the last decade with a noticeable shift towards organized retailing. Modern retail formats, such as hypermarkets, superstores, supermarkets, discount and convenience stores are widely present in the developed world, whereas such forms of retail outlets have only just begun to spread to developing countries in recent years in Bangalore. Organized retail provides consumers with a wider choice of products, lower prices, and a pleasant shopping environment. Store atmospherics plays an important role in choice of the stores. The objective of this study is to identify the store related factors that have an influence on the consumers’ decision process. Structured questionnaires were administered for a sample size of 400 customers who visited the shopping mall. There are several dimensions in a retail store.Hence,PL-SEM model has been used and three factors have been identified from the factor loadings analysis. The three factors under different parameters are-External Cues, Atmospherics and Merchandise.

Purpose: Branded merchandise and licensed apparel comprise a substantial portion of revenue for many organizations and public figures that choose to employ such an endeavor. Endorsement deals with apparel manufacturers have historically been utilized for athletes looking to supplement their salaries and establish greater brand awareness. However, as some athletes establish ownership of their logo and become less reliant on companies such as Nike and Adidas for merchandise distribution, assessing the influence of various entity's logos on the athlete brand has become worthy of analysis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence that cobranded merchandise has on consumers when the athlete logo is displayed next to another team or manufacturer logo. Design/methodology/approach: Using an online panel and survey, a final sample of 127 participants completed a questionnaire to examine their attitudes towards various athlete brand elements. ANCOVA's and MANCOVA's were utilized to assess significant findings, holding the variable of identification constant. Findings: The results revealed that only the perceptions of merchandise quality significantly varied between an athlete brand and an apparel manufacturer (i.e. Nike) co-brand. The findings indicate that athletes should look to co-brand with high brand awareness manufacturers, and that there is no significant difference between consumers' perceptions of athlete brands when co-branding with team brands. Originality/value: This is one of the first studies to evaluate the relationship between the athlete brand and external entities from a consumer perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales is the property of Fondo Editorial Fundacion Universitaria Luis Amigo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

K-Pop fans' consumptive behavior is reflected through the act of a variety of K-Pop merchandise and one of these merchandises is photocards. This article highlights photocards as a microscopic case study to explore the problematic fan practice of humanizing these photocards particularly as fans post contents related to their photocards on social media. Fans who actively collect K-Pop photocards treat them as if they are a substitute of their idols and they need to be always protected with care. Research findings show that fans treat photocards as a living human being for example by bringing these photocards while they do their activities and addressing them in their social media posts reflecting an intimate relationship between fans and the imagined presence of their idols through the photocards. By utilizing content analysis and ethnography method, data were collected through TikTok and interview session with several respondents (KPop photocard collectors). This research aims to observe how photocard is not only a material object that is meaningless. These photocards are humanized like a friend and become a replacement from the absence of the real form of the idols. Photocards' meaning making process is dynamic while reflecting fans' behavior in the context of K-Pop fandom in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of e-Revista Internacional de la Protección Social is the property of e-Revista Internacional de la Proteccion Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of the research is to identify Retail Managers’ perception regarding store image dimensions including store appearance, frontline staff, merchandise display and in-store experience of customer service by following a secret shopping methodology. The data were analysed through structural equation modelling (SEM) using SmartPLS software version 3. Descriptive analysis shows that average mean values of store appearance and merchandise are above good rating, indicating less improvements are required. However, average mean values of frontline staff and in-store experience are below good rating, indicating more improvements are required. The structural model analysis shows that store appearance, frontline staff and in-store experience of customer service, and merchandise are significantly related to the higher order latent construct, store image. It has implications for retail marketers regarding the effective design and implementation of retail service in terms of store appearance, frontline staff, merchandise and in-store experience.

Whenever an animated feature film aimed at children is released from a bigger production company, tie-ins will follow, including picturebooks. These books can be found in everyday grocery stores and have the potential to reach many children. Although discussed, few systematic descriptions of the literature in question exist. In this article, I examine textual and visual choices in the picturebook Bilar (Cars, 2015) based on the Disney & Pixar film with the same name (Lesseter). I investigate what barriers and what support it offers the reader to grip the story, but also whom the book addresses as a reader. The analysis focuses on resources important for comprehension, namely temporality and cohesion. Close-up analysis of text and pictures reveals and tries to explain temporal and logical gaps. The analysis shows that Bilar is quite complex, with features that contribute to distancing the story from the reader. The temporal unfolding advances quickly, but quite evenly, with few pauses. Leaps are drastic and linguistically unmarked, and intentions and events are presented indirectly. The text has few explicit causal ties and deviates from what is expected. Overall, the pictures repeat information in the text, but they also contradict the text in a way that suggests it was unintentional. Although the text manages to mediate the plot and intention - to the adult reader - it is hard to grasp in total without the movie in mind. The addressed reader, then, is plural: an adult and a child who have watched the movie and can fill the gaps, and who do not care too much about logical details. However, the study and the conclusion is based on a traditional view of the book and of reading. An investigation of the book in use might change or widen the understanding of this type of product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Support, Barriers, and Expectations of the Reader: On Textual and Visual Choices in a Picturebook Based on the Animated Feature Film Cars Whenever an animated feature film aimed at children is released from a bigger production company, tie-ins will follow, including picturebooks. These books can be found in everyday grocery stores and have the potential to reach many children. Although discussed, few systematic descriptions of the literature in question exist. In this article, I examine textual and visual choices in the picturebook Bilar (Cars, 2015) based on the Disney & Pixar film with the same name (Lesseter). I investigate what barriers and what support it offers the reader to grip the story, but also whom the book addresses as a reader. The analysis focuses on resources important for comprehension, namely temporality and cohesion. Close-up analysis of text and pictures reveals and tries to explain temporal and logical gaps. The analysis shows that Bilar is quite complex, with features that contribute to distancing the story from the reader. The temporal unfolding advances quickly, but quite evenly, with few pauses. Leaps are drastic and linguistically unmarked, and intentions and events are presented indirectly. The text has few explicit causal ties and deviates from what is expected. Overall, the pictures repeat information in the text, but they also contradict the text in a way that suggests it was unintentional. Although the text manages to mediate the plot and intention – to the adult reader – it is hard to grasp in total without the movie in mind. The addressed reader, then, is plural: an adult and a child who have watched the movie and can fill the gaps, and who do not care too much about logical details. However, the study and the conclusion is based on a traditional view of the book and of reading. An investigation of the book in use might change or widen the understanding of this type of product.

Copyright of Americanía. Revista de Estudios Latinoamericanos is the property of Revista Americania - Universidad Pablo de Olavide and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Diversitas Journal is the property of Diversitas Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study dealt with fraud as one of the reasons for seizure of letter of credit (LC). The researcher used the descriptive approach by describing fraud, its forms, conditions and means of proof, and the analytical approach by analyzing the legal texts contained in the Jordanian Trade Law and the unified norms. This study has reached several results, the most important of which is the principle of banking independence, which is intended to examine documents that conform to the international contract with the terms of the letter of credit, without the obligation to examine the extent of their conformity with the goods or contracts associated with them, which allowed some people to commit cheating and fraud to harm the rights. This led to harm to the beneficiaries and banks. Seizure is one of the most important means that prevents the implementation of the letter of credit (LC) in case of cheating, fraud and other illegal acts, and temporary measures that precede the filing of a right case. This study made several recommendations, the most important of which is the establishment of independent rules regarding the seizure of the LC, taking into account the privacy of this type of seizure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The YouTube channels Good Mythical Morning, grav3yardgirl, and the Vlogbrothers are analyzed to understand the function of fandom names on the platform. The selected YouTubers explain that their named fandoms create a sense of community on their channels. However, YouTube celebrities attempt to assert control over the narrative of their fan groups and encourage viewers to perceive them in a particular way. This control often relates to how content creators use the names to brand their channels and sell merchandise. Names of fan groups emphasize communal relationships but also perform a prominent business function. Understanding how the demonyms try to balance these different motivations reveals that the commercialization of fandom is embedded in everyday social media practices and the relationship between online celebrities and fans.

Copyright of Revista Jurídica (0103-3506) is the property of Revista Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Water is a vital source for both human and biological living. Today, water management and conservation, not only both in developing countries but also in and the developed countries ones, has is of great importance. In the traditional economy, water is not considered as a productive factor in the national accounts; however, but in reality, water is the primary factor in many direct and indirect goods and services. To evaluate the effect of growth in the added value of agriculture, industry and electricity sectors on the added value of water sector in the Mazandaran province, coefficients of ARDL model were estimated using the Micro fit software. The extended Dickey-Fuller unit root test was used for the statistical test of variables. The static test of variables showed that all variables were significant at the 95% confidence level and were also consistent with the theory. A 1% increase (decrease) in the added value of industry and electricity resulted in the increase of 0.54 % and 0.39 %, respectively, increase (decrease) in the added value of the water sector, respectively. Also, 1% increase (decrease) in the added value of the agricultural sector caused in a 0.54% increase (decrease) in the added value of the water sector. Industry and electricity sectors affected the added value of water sector more than agriculture. In the long-term, the growth of the added value of the industry sector had the greatest impact on the growth of the added value of water sector. Based on the results, controlling water use in agriculture, industry and electricity sectors increases increased the effects of the added value of these sectors on the added value of the water sector.

One of the fundamental rights of consumers in relation to vendors of manufactured goods is the right to cancel a transaction or sue for exhibitory action, i.e. claim damages, in case the merchandise is defective. Therefore, in case the actual merchandise to be sold is not seen in a transaction (Kolli Felzammeh),and the supplied merchandise is proved to be defective, the customer is entitled to a replacement. Moreover, if the defective merchandise or service causes a harm to the consumer because of the said defect, the injured party is entitled to ask for compensation. Such a legal action would of course be contingent upon proof of defect. In the Iranian Civil Law, based on Imamie School, the merchandise is assumed to be in a condition of integrity at the time of the agreement. In case of a conflict, this principle requires the customer to be the claimant and the vendor to be the denier. Accordingly, the customer is required to prove that the merchandise was defective at the time of the agreement and that it belonged to the vendor. In line with contemporaneous situations and advanced legal systems, the Iranian Consumer Rights Protection Act (CRPA) of 2009 intends to restrict the Principle of Integrity of Merchandise. In the relationship between suppliers and Consumer; the contract does not presume the integrity of the merchandise. Rather, the statutory presumption is that the merchandise is defective, and it is the vendor who must prove the contrary, and the integrity of the merchandise.

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on the wide range of terms used by the ancient Greeks to refer to the slave, for decades the Hellenists will interpret this lack of precision as a characteristic of the untidy Greek conception of slavery, making it directly difficult for the same scholars to examine. modern. With the work of Detlef Lotze (1930-2018) in the middle of the last century, however, this plurality of concepts around the slave begins to be interpreted as an indication of the complexity with which slavery is conceived and applied in the Greek world, the which, finally, would consist of heterogeneous forms of subjection and not a universally defined and exercised institution. The concepts «slavery-dependence» and «slaverymerchandise », thus, acquire relevance to identify the necessary difference between a form of slavery where the slave manages the production process, and another where he participates only as a material element of it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fascination of Latin American modernism for 19th century French fashion merchandise has been widely addressed in literary theory. Texts filled with diverse cultural materials, textures and objects configured a poetics of the bazaar that became part of a series of strategies through which Latin American literature defined and linked itself to hegemonic aesthetics of the 19th century. The poems and chronicles of Cuban writer Julián del Casal (1863-1893) are no exception; this proliferation of merchandise reveals how the gaze and the images become configured as empty fictions, filled by a cosmopolitan desire. This feature, tied to the function and configuration of images in Cuban modernism, makes possible an anachronical reading of the presence of State merchandise at the other end of the century: Antonio José Ponte's decadent reality in post-Soviet Cuba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Tellus is the property of Revista Tellus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Advertising seems to be the universal language of our age: its messages are understood by the recipient regardless of his mother tongue. The idea of an universal language is very old in European culture: Plato, Raymond Lulle, Athanasius Kircher, Leibniz, Descartes and Jonathan Swift explored this subject. Therefore, advertising, as a universal language, could seem to be the culmination of these multi-millennial efforts. However, this is not the case, because the universality of advertising is one-dimensional: its purpose is merely to make you buy. Therefore, advertising is only a partial solution to the problem of universal language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the recent strengthening of local autonomy and the recognition of the culture and tourism industry as a driving force for the fourth industrial revolution, the importance of research on the revitalization of the local culture and tourism industry is further emphasized. Thus, in this paper, the concept and type of local culture and tourism products were summarized and the research direction was presented through this. As a research method, the internal and external factors of the culture and tourism industry in Korea were used as the SWOT analysis method. In the text, three representative sites were selected and analyzed for the development of local cultural and tourism products, and Seoul, Jeju Island, and Gyeongju all found that they lacked local cultural and tourism products. It also found another value through its role of cultural development as well as the economic aspect of the development of cultural tourism products. In order to revitalize the local culture and tourism industry, which has become more important, the government proposed measures to promote differentiated creative products, efficient marketing, and legal security in various ways. In order for this study to be better data for researchers in the culture and tourism industry and related industries, research should be conducted with detailed surveys that could not be conducted due to various restrictions in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the growing importance of retailers and the realization that brands are among retailers' most valuable assets, store equity has become a management priority. Store equity has been recognized as a key element that helps retailers build a sustainable competitive advantage. In this context, this study presents a conceptual model of store equity and identifies key dimensions that contribute to its formation. A comprehensive review of studies within the area of store equity was conducted to compare and analyze the dimensions of store equity as discussed in the existing literature. The findings show that store equity consists of two main dimensions: store awareness and store image, which comprises merchandise, atmosphere, and convenience. In addition, important areas for future research on store equity and related topics are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of periodic fairs/markets -- that were supported by a protective legal regime during the 16th and 18th centuries -- in Wallachia and Moldova was demanded by the necessity of villages and cities to source products both locally and from foreign fairs through the aid of merchants. Fairs were often arranged around monasteries or princely courts in Wallachia. Permission to organize such fairs was conditioned by the ability to generate an advantageous profit and by their placement which had to be in the proximity of important commerce roads or large production centers and the organization had to be renewed annually by the ruler of the country. The 19th century brought novel economic and structural perspectives with regards to the development of cities. The supply and demand of products increased at the same rate as the city's population, bringing about an increased diversity in shops and markets as an attempt to solve the problem of stocking. Fairs continue to be organized because of the social and information-based functions that were complementary to its commercial component. The fair, as an organized space, polarized attention, submerging its participants within a strong, sensorial flux of information (olfactory, gustatory, etc.). It was a place of exchanges for those interested in understanding a particular area beyond its socio-geographical aspect, a place where economic, social, and artistic knowledge was perpetually disseminated. In this atmosphere of celebration, those who came to the fair noticed the existence of a reality that had previously been unknown to them. This alternate reality quickly adhered to the memory of visitors and was subsequently retold, upon returning home, under the generic phrase: "I saw [it] at the fair!". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The information on the commercial exchange of agri-food goods that takes place in Mexico is compiled through the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) which registers the Foreign Trade Statistics of Mexico (ECEM), whose information allows decision-making in commercial matters and financial. However, a method has not been developed to validate the imported and exported volume data of commercial operations through a customs agent, so there is an over-registration of the data. Therefore, the proposal to establish a validation method for agri-food imports and exports considering the volumes by tariff fraction and unit of measure, as well as the incoterms, to generate a specific record will allow obtaining more reliable information, which will be of interest to the decision-making of the actors involved in foreign trade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Filosofía Medieval is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Filosofia Medieval and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Filosofía Medieval is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Filosofia Medieval and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Internacional y Comparada de Relaciones Laborales y Derecho del Empleo is the property of ADAPT University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)