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Copyright of Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Die Dermatologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Malignant melanoma situated in the parotid gland represents a rare clinical presentation, and the prognosis of these patients remains inadequately understood in comparison to other forms of malignant melanoma. This study aims to evaluate cases of parotid gland-located malignant melanoma under follow-up in our clinic. Material and Method: Records of five patients aged 18 and above, diagnosed with melanoma localized within or adjacent to the parotid gland, were retrospectively reviewed. Relevant clinical information such as patients' demographic data including age and gender, medical histories, presenting symptoms, treatment modalities, and outcomes were evaluated. The overall survival of the patients was examined. Results: None of the patients included in the study had primary parotid gland melanoma. Among all patients, 4 patients had primary lesions that were cutaneous melanomas originating from the head and neck region, while in one patient, the primary lesion was uveal melanoma of the eye. While 3 patients included in the study had died, 2 patients were still being followed up. Conclusion: Primary melanomas localized to the parotid gland are extremely rare, and when encountered, a thorough medical history and careful physical examination can often reveal that the primary lesion is cutaneous melanoma, predominantly located in the head and neck region. It should be kept in mind that although rare, there may be primary intranodal melanoma cases whose primary is unknown or cannot be found in the parotid gland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background/Aim. Despite all innovations in medicine, melanoma still has a rising incidence and high mortality and thus represents a significant challenge for the healthcare system. The pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), spanning three years, redirected healthcare resources, suspended preventive programs, and strained the healthcare system, significantly impacting melanoma management. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the treatment of melanoma patients. Methods. This retrospective study analyzed melanoma patients treated at a single tertiary care center over two distinct three-year periods: pre-COVID period (2017-2020) and the COVID-19 pandemic period (2020-2022). The following data were collected and compared: patient demographics, melanoma characteristics, time intervals from biopsy to surgery, and the share of thin and thick melanoma. Results. During the COVID-19 pandemic period, there was a 3 0% reduction in melanoma patients compared to the pre-COVID-19 period. The decline was most pronounced in 2020 when the state of emergency was introduced in the country. Thin melanoma percentage as a measurement of successful screening programs decreased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic (11.57% vs. 24.01%), while median Breslow thickness remained stable. The distribution of different histological types was consistent across both periods. The average time from biopsy to surgery remained similar between the two periods, around 40 days. Conclusion. Despite challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, melanoma remains a critical healthcare issue. This study emphasized the significance of prioritizing melanoma care in emergencies, ensuring patient identification and timely treatment in order to optimize survival and minimize treatment costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Skin cancers are the most common malignant cancers. For the surgical treatment of skin cancer, there are cases where axillary dissection should be performed, and secondary lymphedema after axillary dissection is not uncommon. The study examined the number of lymph nodes removed in the dissection materials to evaluate the factors that may predict the development of lymphedema. Material and Method: Our study included patients who underwent axillary lymph node dissection for malignant skin tumors originating from the upper extremities between 2019 and 2022. Age, gender, type of primary malignancy, localization of the lesion, total number of lymph nodes removed in the dissection material, number of metastatic lymph nodes detected in the dissection material, history of SLNB, and the difference in measurements between the operated and non-operated extremity were recorded preoperatively and at the first year postoperatively. Result: In our study, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between the total number of lymph nodes removed and the diameter difference between the dissected and non-dissected arms. At the same time, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between the number of metastatic lymph nodes and the diameter difference between the dissected limb and the metacarpophalangeal joints of the other limb. Conclusion: Lymphedema is a complication that is difficult to treat and whose prognosis can be alleviated if detected early. By evaluating the number of excised and metastatic lymph nodes in the dissection materials, it may be possible to take early precautions, educate patients, develop individual treatment modalities, and avoid unwanted complications in patients who may develop lymphedema. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Current Retina Journal / Güncel Retina Dergisi is the property of Anadolu Kitabevi Basim Yayim Medikal Turizm Kirtasiye Tic. Ltd. Sti. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Health Science Yuksek Ihtisas University / Yüksek İhtisas Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of Health Science Yuksek Ihtisas University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dermatologie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This case report describes the case of a 16-year-old minishetlandpony gelding with acute and progressive ataxia. The horse was presented to the Equine Department of the Vetsuisse-Faculty of Zurich with a staggering gait, an ataxia grade 3/5 (according to Mayhew’s Ataxia Scale), as well as hindlimbs weakness to the point of falling over. In the neurological examination, the consciousness and behavior and the cranial nerves were normal, but the proprioception was decreased in all four limbs, especially in the hindlimbs. The symptoms could then be localized to a spinal cord problem in the cervical region. X-ray images of the cervical spine were taken; however, these showed only mild osteoarthritis of the synovial joints C5-C6 and C6-C7, probably an incidental finding, and could not explain the neurological symptoms. The pony was then discharged and a treatment with NSAID’s (Flunixin meglumin;1mg/kg BID, p.o.) started. At home, the symptoms deteriorated rapidly to the point of recumbency. The pony was readmitted few days later. The gait analysis showed stiff hindquarters and ataxia of 4/5. After 20 minutes the gelding was again recumbent and not able to get up alone. The next diagnostical step was a myelography followed by computed tomography with contrast medium. For this the horse was placed in general anesthesia. A cerebrospinal fluid puncture was performed in the median at the level of the cranial end of both atlas-wings. Cerebrospinal fluid was taken and sent for cytological examination. Next the contrast medium Omnipaque (Omnipaque® 350; 10–15ml/100kg, in total 20ml) was injected over the duration of 5 minutes. First, laterolateral images of the cervical spine were obtained in normal position, as well as in hyperextension and hyperflexion. Immediately after the radiological examination, a computed tomographic examination of the entire spine was performed using a 40-slice helical CT scanner (Somatom Sensation Open, Siemens AG, Switzerland). In the CT images a well-limited, large mass dorsal and to the right of the spinal cord and medulla oblongata could be clearly identified. The mass showed to be soft tissue dense and resulted in a high-grade extradural compression of the spinal cord at C1-C2. Thus, the diagnosis after CT myelography was a soft tissue dense mass at C1-C2, in the epidural space, leading to extradural compression of the spinal cord. Due to the advanced symptoms and the poor prognosis, the pony was euthanized and sent for a full post-mortem examination. Grossly, a 4cm round, dark gray to black mass was detected in the epidural space, in the area of the atlanto-occipital junction. The adjacent muscles around C1-C2, where the mass was located, showed a focal black discoloration. The spinal cord itself showed no macroscopic changes. Histological examination revealed an infiltratively growing mass into muscles and dura mater, that consisted of spindle-shaped to round neoplastic cells with dark-brown, granular cytoplasm. The neoplasm exhibited signs of malignancy like invasion of surrounding tissue and vessels and cell pleomorphism. No infiltration of tumor cells was detected in the spinal cord itself. However, a high-grade focal degenerative myelopathy could be detected. Finally, the diagnosis after dissection was a malignant melanocytic tumor (melanoma) in the vertebral canal at the atlanto-occipital junction with a consecutive high-grade focal degenerative myelopathy, which most likely had caused the neurological symptoms. This case shows that, also when no external melanomas are visible in a horse, internal melanomas cannot be excluded and the primary tumor can also occur in an atypical location, such as the spinal canal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dermatologie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tehnologija sekvenciranja RNK na ravni posameznih celic (scRNAseq) nam omogoča, da z visoko ločljivostjo in natančnostjo naenkrat določimo nabor vseh molekul RNK v vsaki posamezni celici, ki se nahaja v določenem vzorcu oz. tkivu. Danes je scRNAseq pomembno orodje predvsem za proučevanje kompleksnih bioloških sistemov in tkiv, kot je tumorsko tkivo, kjer je velika celična raznolikost ključnega pomena. V članku navajamo primer melanoma kože, ki je eden najpogostejših in najbolj agresivnih rakov v razvitem svetu. Čeprav se je v zadnjem času z uvedbo imunske terapije napoved izida melanoma bistveno izboljšala, pa je še vedno približno 30–40 % bolnikov, pri katerih tovrstno zdravljenje ni uspešno. Novi podatki, pridobljeni z uporabo scRNAseq, so razkrili, da je mehanizem odpornosti na zdravljenje z zaviralci imunskih nadzornih točk zelo kompleksen, da na to poleg prisotnosti in fenotipa izčrpanih limfocitov T CD8+ vpliva tudi mutacija v genu BRAF, fenotip melanocitov, prisotnost in fenotip celic mieloičnega izvora, prisotnost fibroblastov različnega fenotipa ter interakcije med vsemi celicami, ki tvorijo tumorsko mikrookolje. V prihodnosti bo torej vse bolj pomemben oseben pristop zdravljenja, ki bo temeljil na molekularni in celični opredelitvi tumorja in njegovega mikrookolja ter na napovednih bioloških označevalcih. Z uporabo tehnologije scRNAseq se bomo lahko cilju osebne medicine zelo približali, saj nam omogoča identifikacijo posameznih celic in celičnih označevalcev, ki bi lahko napovedali odziv bolnika na zdravljenje in omogoča bolj ciljano odločitev za vrsto zdravljenja za posameznega bolnika. Na ta način bi se izognili principu zdravljenja, ki temelji na “poskusu in napaki” ter tako bistveno izboljšali učinkovitost zdravljenja. Zaenkrat pa se tehnologija scRNAseq uporablja zgolj v raziskovalne namene, zato zaradi določenih omejitev ni uvedena v dejansko klinično prakso.

Copyright of Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Best Practice Onkologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Melanonihija podrazumjeva crno-smeđu diskoloraciju ploče nokta i epitela matriksa nokta uzrokovanu akumulacijom melanina. Etiološki razlikujemo jednostavnu melanocitnu aktivaciju i proliferaciju melanocita. Proliferacija melanocita može biti benigna (lentigo i nevus) i maligna (subungualni melanom). Iako sličnih kliničkih karakteristika, njihove prognoze značajno različite. U radu su predstavljena dva slučaja melanonihije. U prvom, dječak uzrasta 13 godina imao je linearnu, crnosmeđu diskoloracija nokatne ploče kažiprsta lijeve, nedominante ruke. Nije postojala distrofija nokatne ploče, periungualna pigmentacija i krvarenje. Medicinska i porodična istorija bolesti bile su uredne. Onihoskopskim pregledom dijagfnostifikovan je nevus nokatne ploče. U drugom slučaju prikazana je odrasla ženska osobasa linearnom, smeđom diskoloracijom nokatne ploče palca desne, dominantne ruke. Diskoloracija je bila diskretno nepravilnih ivica bez znakova distrofije nokatne ploče, periungualne pigmentacije i krvarenja. Medicinska i porodična istorija bolesti bile su uredne. Nakon onihoskopskog pregleda indikovana je longitudinalna eksciziona biopsija kojom je postavljena dijagnoza lentiga. Pažljiva anamneza, fizikalni pregled, onihoskopski pregled i u konačnici biopsija sa histološkim pregledom omogućava utvrđivanje etioloije, kao i eventualnu ranu dijagnozu subunualnog melanoma kao najvažnijeg preduslova uspješnog liječenja bolesti. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Die Dermatologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ege Journal of Medicine is the property of Ege University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Timely started surgical treatment represents the gold standard in melanoma therapy and keeps mortality at a low level. The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has affected the availability of health care both nationally and globally. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on newly operated cutaneous melanoma in patients and to contribute to identifying the impact of the pandemic on the healthcare system in Serbia. We conducted a single institution retrospective study including patients who consecutively underwent surgery for cutaneous melanoma at the Clinic for Plastic and reconstructive Surgery, University Clinical center of Niš, between January 1, 2018 and March 15, 2023. We compared the pre-pandemic (01/Jan/18 - 14/Mar/20) and pandemic (15/Mar/20 - 15/Mar/23) periods by evaluating patient age, sex, body distribution, Breslow thickness, pT staging, mitotic index rate and ulceration status. No differences were observed between age (p = 0.666), sex (p = 0.720), body distribution (p = 0.109), Breslow thickness (p = 0.172), pT staging (p = 0.274), mitotic index rate (p = 0.257), and ulceration status (p = 0.787) in the two examined groups. Statistically significant differences were observed in the melanoma subtype (χ² = 9.241; p = 0.026). Distribution of lentigo maligna in patients diagnosed with melanoma during the pandemic was statistically lower. To date, the diagnostic delay caused by COVID-19 has generally not led to unfavorable characteristics of the primary cutaneous melanoma. Follow-up studies are needed in the coming years to identify the potential impact on stage distribution and long-term survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The incidence of skin cancer is increasing around the world every year. Although there are many reasons for the occurrence of skin cancer, UV radiation caused by sunlight is seen as the most important factor. Therefore, reducing exposure to UV radiation should be a top priority for skin cancer prevention. In addition, different demographic features also affect the amount of UV exposure. These include age, gender and professional groups. On the other hand, people can be exposed to UV radiation voluntarily. Sunbathing or using tanning devices can be shown as examples for this. For these reasons, interventions to reduce exposure to UV radiation should focus on demographic features and the desire to tan. At the same time, it is emphasized in the literature that theory-based and systematic interventions are more effective than others. In this context, we think that the Health Belief Model, which is an effective psychosocial model for health behaviors, will be useful in developing sun protection behaviors. In this review, interventions based on the Health Belief Model in the context of tanning behavior, age, gender, and outdoor activities for the prevention of skin cancer and the improvement of sun protection behaviors have been discussed.

Sequencing technology proposes new insights into neoantigens and mutation-targeted therapies derived from transcriptional patterns. Combined with classic diagnostic methods, immune profile and microenvironmental assessment, can provide in-depth information that can reframe our understanding of human cancer biology. In order to know tumor biology, it is necessary to obtain information about the genetic changes in the DNA of the tumor cells. We performed an extensive genomic characterization by next-generation sequencing (NGS) of three melanoma cell lines with the aim of analyzing the genetic changes occurring in melanoma and their clinical and therapeutic relevance. We identified known melanoma driver mutations, such as BRAF V600E, NRAS Q61R, and additionally found other mutated genes that appear in melanoma pathogenesis and some of them targeted by novel therapies. These cell lines are used to improve the genetic understanding of melanoma and to study the functional significance of individual mutational changes, but turning cancer genomic data into knowledge remains a challenge. For establishing the appropriate therapeutic approach in melanoma, the personalized treatment should be envisioned, based on both next generation sequencing, surface markers expression, as well as microenvironment assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Die Dermatologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Best Practice Onkologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The purpose of the current research was to investigate the biological roles of LINC00467 in inducing melanoma deterioration. Methods: Differential level of LINC00467 in melanoma tissues and its prognostic value were analyzed in GEPIA, which were further confirmed in clinical samples we collected. Regulatory effects of LINC00467 on proliferation, migration and invasion capacities of A375 and SKMEL1 cell lines were examined by a series of functional experiments. Potential downstream targets of LINC00467 were identified through dual-luciferase reporter assay, and their synergistic role in melanoma process was finally explored by rescue experiments. Results: LINC00467 was up-regulated in melanoma samples, but it did not have a prognostic potential in melanoma. LINC00467 has the capacities to stimulate proliferation, migration and invasion of A375 and SKMEL1 cell lines. The feedback loop LINC00467/miR-485-5p/PAK1 was identified, which was responsible for inducing melanoma deterioration. Conclusions: LINC00467 stimulates proliferation, migration and invasion capacities of melanoma via targeting miR-485-5p to upregulate PAK1, which provides potential targets for treatment of melanoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To present a case of a potentially malignant alteration of a blue naevus lesion and draw attention to the importance of researching this lesion, which, if proper diagnosis and therapy are inadequate and apsent, can have life-threatening consequences. Case report: a thirty-six-year-old male presents himself to the Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery at the Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka due to a sudden, painless swelling in the right preauricular region, measuring 3×2 cm. During the examination, a tumor mass in the right parotid gland was suspected, which is why cytopuncture diagnostics was indicated, showing that it was a metastasis of melanoma. Superficial parotidectomy of the affected gland was indicated and then performed, with an orderly postoperative course. Pathohistological analysis of the removed gland confirmed the diagnosis of melanoma metastasis. A search began for the primary melanoma site, which was never found. From the anamnesis, it was learned that earlier in the same year, the patient underwent surgical excision of a mole on the right side of the temporal region of the face in a private health institution. The pathohistological diagnosis of the excised mole showed that it was a benign blue naevus lesion. In the following years, the patient had regular controls and examinations by various specialists and multidisciplinary oncology teams. In that period, the patient had frequent melanoma metastases throughout his body, for which he underwent more than 20 surgical procedures. The latest findings show that two melanoma metastases were found in the patient’s brain. Conclusions: Although the blue naevus lesion is a frequent efflorescence, the treatment of which is harmless in most cases, new findings point to the potential for malignant alteration of this lesion, based on the increasingly more frequent number of described cases. It is necessary to deepen the research on this potentially dangerous lesion, until it is determined when, in what way and if at all blue naevus can turn malignant, which will allow diagnostics and treatment to be reevaluated and performed more precisely, which will have an exceptional impact on the survival and quality of patients’ lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer, and surgery is the standard of care for localised disease. However, a risk of local and distant relapse exists despite tumour removal, particularly with thick or ulcerated tumours or lymph node involvement. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1, PD-L-1 or CTLA-4 demonstrated improved relapse-free survival and distant metastasis-free survival against placebo after surgery for stage-III and high-risk stage-II melanoma. In unresectable localised and metastatic tumours, the double immunotherapy with ICIs (anti-PD-1+ anti-CTLA-4) allows for long-term survival in more than 50% of the patients. Novel immunotherapies (anti-LAG-3 ICI, adoptive cell therapy, intra-tumoural immunotherapy, cancer vaccines) and new combinations are in development to overcome resistance and improve patients' survival. Therapeutic decisions for each patient should be discussed in a specialised multidisciplinary team. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ege Journal of Medicine is the property of Ege University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Best Practice Onkologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We are discussing a case of malignant melanoma of esophagus, initially presented to us with very atypical presentation. On further history, patient claim having dysphagia for few months, initially to solid then followed by liquid, progressively worsening over few months. On further examination, OGDS reveal pedunculated growth at 30cm and 32 cm with skip free intact mucosa in between. Subsequently, we optimize his nutritional status and performed open tranhiatal total esophagectomy with cervical anastomosis and feeding jejunostomy. Post-operative recovery was uneventful, and patient was well upon discharge. Histopathology of the specimen revealed malignant melanoma of the esophagus. On subsequent follow up. PET scan was also done and shows stable disease with no evidence of tumor recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The incidence of skin cancer is increasing around the world every year. Although there are many reasons for the occurrence of skin cancer, UV radiation caused by sunlight is seen as the most important factor. Therefore, reducing exposure to UV radiation should be a top priority for skin cancer prevention. In addition, different demographic features also affect the amount of UV exposure. These include age, gender and professional groups. On the other hand, people can be exposed to UV radiation voluntarily. Sunbathing or using tanning devices can be shown as examples for this. For these reasons, interventions to reduce exposure to UV radiation should focus on demographic features and the desire to tan. At the same time, it is emphasized in the literature that theory-based and systematic interventions are more effective than others. In this context, we think that the Health Belief Model, which is an effective psychosocial model for health behaviors, will be useful in developing sun protection behaviors. In this review, interventions based on the Health Belief Model in the context of tanning behavior, age, gender, and outdoor activities for the prevention of skin cancer and the improvement of sun protection behaviors have been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Design: Malignant skin tumors have been reported in patients using hydroxyurea (HU) for hematological disorders. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of precancerous skin lesions and malignant skin tumors in association with long-term HU therapy. Materials and Methods: Records of consecutive patients diagnosed with precancerous and cancerous skin lesions during HU therapy in a single dermatology department between 2008 and 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Among 13 patients (mean age: 66.5 years) treated with HU for five different hematological diseases, 11 had used HU >5 years, whereas the time was shorter in the other two patients. The period between HU treatment initiation and the appearance of the first lesion was approximately 9-10 years. Actinic keratosis (AKs) were found in two patients, non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) accompanied by AKs in seven patients, and only NMSCs in four patients. Melanoma was seen in a patient with NMSCs and AKs. In total, 12 basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), 12 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), and one melanoma were diagnosed. The superficial type was the most common type of BCCs, followed by the nodular type. NMSCs were located mainly on the face, followed by the scalp, neck, and extensor surfaces of the upper extremities. Conclusion: The results of this large series support the possibility of the relationship between UV-induced skin cancer and HU therapy. SCCs and BCCs showed equal incidence in the present study in contrast to some previous reports, and different BCC types may occur in these patients. As many patients have more than one malignant skin tumor, protective measures against sunlight, which is another inducing factor for these tumors, and a long-term follow-up, should not be ignored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melanoma is an aggressive malignant tumor that most commonly occurs on the skin; however, it can also affect other organs such as the eye, meninges, and mucous membranes. The increasing incidence in recent decades determines the need for continuous improvement of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment methods. The main treatment is surgical excision with safety margins, and the most important predictor of survival and recurrence is the status of regional lymph nodes. Currently, sentinel lymph node biopsy is the standard staging method for patients with melanoma with a tumor thickness between 1 and 4 mm and with clinically negative lymph nodes for tumor invasion. This procedure consists of identifying the first lymph node, called the sentinel node, that could be invaded by the tumor, removing it, followed by its histopathological analysis. Following the evaluation of the sentinel lymph node, the necessity for regional lymphadenectomy can be determined, and also patients can receive new adjuvant therapies such as immunotherapy and targeted therapies to improve their prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM) is an invasive melanoma most commonly occurring on the head and neck. The diagnosis is aided by specific dermoscopic criteria and confirmed by biopsy. The treatment of LMM is surgical excision. There are alternative therapies for its precursor lesion lentigo maligna (LM, also known as Hutchinson's melanotic freckle) - melanoma in situ, and they include the application of topical 5% imiquimod cream. Our patient had a 7 x 4 cm lesion with dermoscopic features of both LM and LMM. The diagnosis was confirmed by pathohistological examination of the incisional biopsy. The patient, concerned about the aesthetic outcome, refused surgical treatment and was treated by 5% imiquimod cream. Dermoscopy aided the clinical diagnosis, it allowed for a non-invasive follow-up and tailoring of the treatment in order to attain satisfactory results - evanescence of dermoscopic features suggestive of LM and LMM and an aesthetically acceptable outcome after treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melanoma is a rare but the deadliest form of skin cancer. In the early stages, melanoma can be treated successfully by surgery and survival rates are high. However, in patients with metastases, survival rates drop significantly. Therefore, early and accurate diagnosis, prompt referral and proper management are crucial for ensuring the best prognosis. Also, multidisciplinary approach is necessary. The diagnosis of melanoma is usually made by dermoscopic examination of suspected pigmented lesions. Misdiagnosis of melanoma is one of the most common reasons for initiating lawsuits for wrong treatment, when it comes to pathologists and dermatologists, immediately after breast cancer. Regarding the treatment of metastatic melanoma, in the last 10 years several new drugs have been developed that have significantly improved the prognosis of patients suffering from this disease. However, a majority of patients do not show a lasting response to these treatments. Thus, new biomarkers and drug targets are needed to improve the accuracy of melanoma diagnosis and treatment. This article discusses the current state of melanoma diagnosis and treatment based on the generally accepted consensus in this area and current national guidelines for treatment recommendations. The parts that remained open in the treatment algorithm (i.e. insufficiently clearly defined) are also mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Das Melanom ist eine der sieben häufigsten Krebsarten in den USA und seine Häufigkeit nimmt weiter zu. Seit 2011 haben die Entwicklungen bei zielgerichteten Therapien und Immuntherapien wesentlich dazu beigetragen, die Gesamtüberlebensraten deutlich zu verbessern. Vor dem Aufkommen zielgerichteter Therapien und Immuntherapien galt das metastasierte Melanom als Todesurteil, denn weniger als 5% der Patienten überlebten mehr als 5 Jahre. Dank der Einführung von Immuntherapien überlebt heute etwa die Hälfte der Patienten mit metastasiertem Melanom mehr als 5 Jahre. Leider bedeutet dies auch, dass die Hälfte der Melanompatienten auf die derzeitigen Therapien nicht anspricht und nach Diagnose weniger als 5 Jahre überlebt. Ein wichtiger Faktor, der zu einem geringeren Ansprechen in dieser Bevölkerungsgruppe beiträgt, ist die erworbene oder primäre Resistenz gegen Immuntherapien, die durch eine Immunevasion des Tumors entsteht. Um das Gesamtüberleben von Melanompatienten zu verbessern, müssen neue Behandlungsstrategien entwickelt werden, die das Risiko einer erworbenen Resistenz minimieren und die bestehende primäre Resistenz überwinden. In den letzten Jahren wurden bei der Identifizierung und dem Verständnis der Signalwege viele Fortschritte gemacht, die im Verlauf einer Immuntherapie zur Immunevasion des Tumors beitragen. Darüber hinaus gibt es zur Behandlung von Patienten mit immuntherapieresistentem Melanom erste Ergebnisse aus klinischen Studien. In dieser Übersicht fassen wir wichtige Mechanismen zusammen, die bei Patienten mit kutanem Melanom zur Resistenz gegen Immuntherapien führen. Wir haben uns auf tumoreigene Merkmale der Resistenz, veränderte Immunfunktionen und systemische Faktoren konzentriert, die zur Immuntherapieresistenz beim Melanom beitragen. Die Erforschung dieser Signalwege wird hoffentlich zu neuen Strategien führen, um eine erworbene Resistenz zu verhindern und eine bestehende Resistenz gegen eine Immuntherapie bei Patienten mit kutanem Melanom zu überwinden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autoimmuntoxizitäten, die nach der Behandlung mit Krebsimmuntherapien häufig auftreten, sind bei Patienten, die mit BRAF/MEK-Inhibitoren behandelt werden, nicht gut charakterisiert. Neuere Daten deuten darauf hin, dass Autoimmuneffekte mit einem überragenden Ansprechen auf beide Behandlungsmodalitäten verbunden sein können; es gibt jedoch wenig Evidenz, die Mechanismen der immunbedingten Toxizität für Patienten unter BRAF/MEK-Inhibitoren beschreibt. Hier beschreiben wir die Erfahrungen eines 59-jährigen HLA-A2, A29, B27-positiven Mannes mit rezidivierendem/metastasierendem Melanom. Nach Progression unter Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Therapie wurde er mit Dabrafenib/Trametinib, gefolgt von Encorafenib/Binimetinib, behandelt, die gut vertragen wurden und zu einem vollständigen Ansprechen führten. 18 Monate nach der BRAF/MEK-Inhibitor-Therapie und drei Monate nach dem ersten vollständigen Ansprechen entwickelte er eine Reihe plötzlich einsetzender, schwerer Toxizitäten: nämlich bilaterale Panuveitis, Zytopenien, Gelenkschmerzen, Hautausschlag, Hyperkalzämie und interstitielle Nephritis, die zu einem BRAF/MEKi-Abbruch führten. Immunologische Analysen zeigten die Induktion einer peripheren Typ-17-Zytokin-Signatur, die durch hohe IL-23-, IL-6-, IL-10-, IL-17A/F-, IL-113- und IL-21-Zytokine im Plasma gekennzeichnet ist, die dem Ausmaß der Symptome entsprechen. Diese Ergebnisse zeigen einen neuen Fall einer verzögerten autoimmunähnlichen Reaktion auf die BRAF/MEK-Inhibition und weisen auf eine mögliche Rolle der ThiTc17-Aktivierung in ihrer Pathogenese hin, was eine zukünftige klinische und immunologische Charakterisierung rechtfertigt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Van Tip Dergisi is the property of Yuzuncu Yil University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Melanoma is a cancer arising from the malignant transformation of melanocytes. It is mostly seen in the skin, eyes, mucosal membranes, and meninges. Melanoma is one of the fastest rising of all cancers in the world.Methods: We retrospectively examined the medical records of adult patients who were diagnosed with melanoma between January 2005 and December 2013 according to the Hospital-Based Cancer Registry (HBCR) of Hacettepe University Oncology Hospital.Results: A total of 338 patients [193 (57.1%) men and 145 (42.9%) women] were included in the study. The male to female ratio was 1.3/1. The mean age of patients was 55.2±15.2 years (minimum-maximum: 16-87 years). The rate of male patients was higher in patients with cutaneous and uveal melanoma (respectively, 56.8% and 58.6%), whereas the rate of female patients was higher in patients with mucosal melanoma (female: 55.6% and male: 44.4%; respectively, p=0.746 and p=0.518). The median follow-up time was estimated to be 27.7 months (1-103 months). During follow-up period, 127 (37.6%) patients died, and 16 (4.7%) patients were lost to follow-up. The median overall survival time was 76.3 months. The 5-year survival rate was 53%. When all patients were evaluated according to melanoma subtypes, patients with melanoma of unknown primary origin had the lowest median survival time (6.4 months).Conclusions: It is necessary to increase the awareness of people about melanoma and to make physicians more sensitive about skin examination in order to detect cutaneous melanomas in the early stages.

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Objective: Melanoma is a rapidly progressing malignancy that can cause death in a short time with metastases. Early diagnosis and large excision are associated with a 5-year survival rate of 98%. Our aim in this study is; to increase awareness of the Medical Faculty students' about melanoma that can be diagnosed early with self-skin examination. Methods: Our study is a descriptive study. The 5th and 6th grade students of the Medical Faculty who applied to the Family Medicine outpatient clinics between September and November 2020, were included in the study. A questionnaire consisting of 21 questions was applied to the participants to assess sociodemographic characteristics, melanoma risk factors, awareness and level of knowledge. Results: One hundred seventy six individuals, 61,9% (n=108) female and 38,1% (n=68) male, were included in the study. 88,1% of the participants were between the ages of 22-25 (min: 20-max: 31). 57,4% (n=101) were 6th grade students and 42,6% (n=75) were 5th grade students. It was seen that students with a family history of skin cancer and students who were suspected of having melanoma and consulted a doctor, the rate of correct answers to the question; "What are the characteristics of melanoma?" was found to be significantly higher (p=0,007, p=0,001, respectively). The rate of correct answers to the same question was also significantly higher (p=0,025) in individuals with freckles. Conclusion: Medical Faculty students were not aware enough about the prevention and early diagnosis of melanoma. This result indicates the need for new approaches in education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]