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Gender inequalities are linguistically constructed and indexed through the strategic use of language representing the power structure in the physical world. Recently, #MeTooIndia, an Indian version of the global feminist movement, provided a scholarly opportunity to explore the gender stereotypes of emotional expressions. Even though some researchers have studied the sociocultural dimensions of #MeToo, the corpus-based linguistic analysis of this movement has yet to be explored significantly. Therefore, the current study investigated the discursive association of emotional representation of masculine and feminine genders in media texts. Given the societal nature of Indian patriarchal ideologies, power and gender stereotypes, we hypothesize that Indian mass media, as a powerful political actor, may attribute more positive lexicons to the masculine pronoun he and more negative markers to the feminine pronoun she. Textual genres of #MeToo were extracted from the print media by using the corpus framework of collocational and concordance methods. Our results revealed that, though the news of #MeToo heightened the feminine actor and largely produced the pronoun she in the referential position, the narratives of texts assigned more positive emotive markers to the masculine social actors. Overall, this study concludes that #MeToo as a gender movement has faced strategic linguistic resistance against feminine sexual victims, favouring the masculine actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Herald of Journalism / Habaršy Žurnalistika Seriâsy is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the given study, we analyzed different approaches to the principles of news selection and identified the most frequent ones for Kazakhstan: spatial and emotional proximity. Against this background, Socially and politically important news was selected on the reforms of the Unified Accumulative Pension Fund (UAPF) of Kazakhstan. We considered the issue of the dynamics of the communicative and linguistic transformation of the information occasion in print and online publications of Kazakhstan. Four main stages in the dynamics of news distribution were identified: selection, origin, active dissemination, and extinction. Publications on the topic during the period of active dissemination were classified according to semantic characteristics: description of the actions of official bodies, description of the actions of the people, advice, analytics, and authoritative opinion. In addition, this period was characterized by a wide stylistic range, where the frequent linguistic means were keywords of the topic, verbs of speech, interrogative constructions, orientation metaphors, accurate and approximate numerical data, and evaluative vocabulary.

Copyright of Japanese Journal of Learning Disabilities / LD Kenkyu is the property of Japan Academy of Learning Disabilities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Alman Dili ve Edebiyati Dergisi / Studien zur Deutschen Sprache & Literatur is the property of Alman Dili ve Edebiyall Dergisi / Studien Zur Deutschen Sprahe und Literatilr and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Swearing fulfils a range of interpersonal pragmatic functions and also acts as a distinguishing feature of speakers and contexts. In broadcast media, swearing has traditionally been censored or at least limited in its deployment; although when used, it serves characterization, interactional, and narrative functions. In this article, we consider the Disney+ television series Only Murders in the Building (OMITB , 2021--), in which swearing is not subject to standard media constraints, due to its provision on a streaming service. Freed from such constraints, OMITB is distinctive in its unusually high frequency and dispersion of swearing across characters and contexts. Compared with both real-life and media-based analyses of language use, the swearing in OMITB reflects neither real-life nor standard broadcast patterns. In this paper, we investigate how swearing is used by the characters, and what it is 'doing' in the series. In particular, we highlight the role of swearing in affiliation and relationship-building, both between characters in the story world, and between the series and its viewers. Our analysis contributes to understanding the pragmatic functions of media swearing. • Swearing in a television series reflects high frequency and wide social diversity • Widespread swearing minimizes the function of individual characterization making interpersonal functions more salient • Interpersonal functions of swearing are shown to distinguish antagonists and protagonists • Swearing for affiliative purposes is highly frequent, occurring between characters and in direct address to the viewer [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to determine the role of the US media as a destabilizing factor in the contemporary domestic politics of Venezuela, especially in the context of the power crisis of 2013–2019. The study used the methods of data analysis obtained through interviews, discourse analysis, the method of grounded theory, content analysis of selected sources (CNN, The Washington Post, The New York Times, Bloomberg) and event analysis, which made it possible to analyze the most frequently mentioned in the American media developments in the domestic politics of Venezuela for the period 2013–2019. The results of the study reveal the bias of the American media and their dependence on the main US political course towards Venezuela, demonstrate the systematic creation of a negative image of Venezuela in the American media with a focus on the economic crisis and low living standards in the country, and attempts to influence US and international public opinion on the issue of recognizing the illegitimate parallel government of self-proclaimed President Juan Guaidó. The practical significance of the work’s findings is the that they can be used in developing a strategy for information interaction between Venezuela and the United States, creating an information security system that accounts for the identified threats and strengthening the regional media of Venezuela.

Urban identity is a complex phenomenon encompassing a wide range of city life aspects, which vary across cultures. In the media discourse, the urban issues are made prominent due to framing. The goal of the authors is to identify and systematize frames that generate meanings about the urban life, and explain them from the point of view of the journalistic strategies. The author focuses on exploring how topical urban issues are framed and presented to the reading audience. To gain a deeper understanding of the communicative schemata that determine interpretations of the city issues, a cognitive-discursive perspective is claimed central to the research. It proves adequate in demonstrating the synergies of two employed methods: discourse analysis and frame analysis. Applying a case-study approach, a sample of 658 texts is analyzed. 2577 contexts have been retrieved from The Nottingham Post between 2014 and 2017. The results show that the urban life representations rest on frame structures of different conceptual complexity. Urban identity is a rich conceptual structure (a macroframe), constituted by four frames, observable in the discourse-world of the city. Each of them has foci, which draw public attention to the social aspects of the urban living. Positive presentation of the authorities has been revealed as the leading macrostrategy aimed at supporting and approving of the initiatives taken by the local administration, which is realized through the strategies of reference, predication, and argumentation. The findings add to the framing analysis and could be beneficial for the development of urban policies.

In terms of regularity enantiosemy is inferior to such systematic manifestations as polysemy or synonymy, but it also takes an important place in the language system and manifests itself at all the language levels. The research deals with such a special type of enantiosemy as pragmatic enantiosemy of socio-political terminology. On the example of the term “optimization” the author presents how a radical change in the pragmatics of the term, at first meliorative one, forms enantiosemy. For the identification of the social, psycholinguistic and linguocultural causes of pragmatic enantiosemy, the media contexts of the term “optimization” were studied, the method of discursive-contextual and linguopragmatic analysis, as well as the technique of internal introspection, appealing to linguistic intuition and knowledge of the social and linguocultural situation were used. An important criterion for changes is the reflection of the authors of media texts about not only the concept, but also the term itself. The semantics of the term “optimization” was polarized relating to the original one: the word began to mean not ‘improvement,’ but ‘deterioration,’ ‘destruction,’ ‘scrapping,’ ‘collapse,’ even ‘catastrophe,’ which makes it possible to talk about the enantiosemy formation. It is important to emphasize that the change in the pragmatics (and at the same time the semantic essence) of the word “optimization,” occurred solely under the influence of extralinguistic social factors, led to the formation of enantiosemy, since a positive context remained possible in principle.

Copyright of Annals of Cultural Studies / Roczniki Kulturoznawcze is the property of John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Institute of Cultural Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Larq Journal for Philosophy, Linguistics & Social Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The relevance of the article lies in the need to identify the socio-cultural and national semantic components of the precedent name Lenin in the cultural space of Russian language native speakers. Studying precedent names is a key to describing and identifying cultural and national values of native speakers of a particular language. The purpose of the research is to consider and identify the cultural and national features of the perception and understanding of the name Lenin by native speakers of the Russian language. To achieve the research goal, descriptive and statistical methods, methods of observation, psycho-semantic and linguistic-cultural analysis were used. The material for the analysis was provided by etymological and encyclopedic dictionaries of the Russian language, the data of free association experiments from Russian Associative Dictionary, Siberian Associative Dictionary, the Russian Regional Thesaurus Dictionary, contexts with the name Lenin from modern Russian media, selected from the National Corpus of the Russian Language. The novelty of the study is that it is for the first time that the semantics of the proper name Lenin in the Russian language is described, an associative field for the stimulus Lenin in the Russian language consciousness is constructed, cultural and national peculiarities of perception and understanding of the given name in the texts of modern Russian mass media are considered and identified, socio-cultural and national semantic components of the precedent name Lenin in the cultural space of Russian speakers are identified. The scientific significance of the research lies, on the one hand, in a preliminary attempt to apply linguoculturological and psycholinguistic approaches to analyzing precedent names in the Russian cultural space, and on the other hand, in the possibility of using the material in teaching theoretical courses of cultural linguistics, psycholinguistics and media linguistics, as well as in courses on the theory and practice of intercultural communication.

The article examines the structural features of neologisms associated with coronavirus pandemic based on the texts of mass media and Internet communication. The paper uses such research methods as the continuous sampling method, the general scientific descriptive and analytical method, the methods of word- formation, structural and semantic analysis of neologisms. The authors analyzed the nominal derivatives of conventional (addition, prefix, suffixation, affixation) and occasional (inter-word overlap, graphic hybridization, substitution derivation) methods of word formation in media texts. The key elements of the sociocultural space (virus, quarantine, coronavirus, masks, etc.) that evoke negative associations in the addressee are identified. Having found and analysed nominations with the corona component, the researchers proved that this element tends to demonstrate the features of prefixoid. Neologisms with corona component are critical phenomena, negative changes in the economy, tourism, politics; they denote the living conditions that have developed during the coronavirus infection, etc. It is shown that the vocabulary of the modern Russian language is actively replenished with verbal neologisms, which areused to add expressiveness to media text; they correlate with actual phenomena of public life. The authors conclude that “coronavirus” neologisms participate in creating the expressiveness of the text, reflect reality, and allow journalists to deliver their own opinion. The results of the conducted research contribute to word-formation neology, media linguistics, can be useful to students of philological specialties, lecturers and tutors, as well as to anyone interested in active processes, which occur in the modern Russian language.

The coverage of significant world events in various mass media and the attitude of the journalists differ substantially. Newspaper headlines give the opportunity to navigate in the information flow and find the most important and interesting information. The headlines of the Russian-language newspapers in the Republic of Armenia are analyzed. The relevance of the research lies in the need to study headings from the point of view of their functions, grammatical structure, the use of punctuation marks in them, and their semantic components. The aim of the study is to identify and describe the grammatical, semantic, punctuation features and functions of headings in the Russian-language press in Armenia. The following methods were used: continuous sampling, statistical, descriptive, including methods of observation and comparison, component analysis, comparative analysis. The research material included the articles of the newspapers Respublika Armenia and Golos Armenii of June - July 2021. Based on the results of the research, the following conclusions were made: in the Russian-language press of Armenia, all types of sentences are used as headlines; almost all punctuation marks are used in the titles; headings form thematically organized groups. The peculiarities of the headlines of the modern Russian-language press in Armenia are determined by such factors as the tendency of the language to expressiveness, dialogue, democratization, creativity and the author's principle in the design of the heading. Taking into account the tendency to change the proportion of types of speech activity and highlight the most demanded and important at the present time - reading, the study of the linguistic features of the newspaper and journalistic style, in particular the headlines, is very relevant. The results of the study are promising, since they make a significant contribution to the study of the modern Russian-language press in the Republic of Armenia.

This article discusses the online edition of the “Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung” (DAZ, German General Newspaper), an exceptional media product in Kazakhstan. This medium was chosen mainly for its very complex linguistic and cultural configuration. The linguistic forms are German, while the discourse and text traditions suggest a Russian influence due to the long hegemony of Russian as the language of culture and education in Kazakhstan. Additionally, the current sociocultural frame of reference is of genuine Kazakh origin. The central aim of this evidence-based media linguistic analysis was to describe the unique features in the language of this online medium, i.e. the multilingual aspects of language variation and aspects related to language and cultural contact. The methodology is based on a linguistic concept of saliency and used interrater reliability in the linguistic assessment. The study showed that the online version and the print version differ not only on a technical level, but also in their journalistic and linguistic design. The digital version is marked by livelier, more idiomatic, and more colorful texts than the print version. These differences can likely not just be attributed to the greater range of options provided by the new medium, but possibly also to the larger share of contributions by authors from Germany in the online version compared to the print version. In the written practices examined in this article it could be shown that authors from Kazakhstan generally used ‘multiliteracy’ form that also generated emergent forms.

From a cognitive linguistics perspective, the present study is aimed at the analysis of manifestations of metaphorical mental conceptualizations of flooding events in terms of war in the language used by the British and the Bulgarian journalists and the extent to which the implementation of the cognitive metaphor FLOODING CRISIS IS WAR differs in the media representations of the two countries. The corpus used for the research consists of 19 articles extracted from the electronic databases of four newspapers - two for the British discourse (the Guardian and the Independent) and two for the Bulgarian discourse (Monitor and Standart). A total of 33 example sentences have been extracted from the corpus (21 from the British media and 12 from the Bulgarian media) and they have been coded with respect to the mappings between the source and target domain of the cognitive metaphor. The results of the research show that the media both in the UK and Bulgaria rely on metaphorical projection from the domain of war when flooding crises are reported, which confirms the notion that metaphorical projection is a universal structural element of cognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional research on anglicisms has been undertaken in different media corpora. However, the media, both agents of globalisation and affected by globalising flows, and how they operate within global flows of messages and linguistic resources that characterise our mediatised societies have not been given sufficient attention in these studies. In addition, the German media have been repeatedly criticised for using anglicisms without explaining these, causing comprehension problems. By examining novel anglicisms on German radio from a journalistic perspective, this article shows that acknowledging journalists’ language practices gives a more detailed picture of the specific language used on air. This article includes an analysis of novel anglicisms in a self-compiled radio corpus and an examination of interview statements made by radio journalists on their use of novel anglicisms in radio content. The findings show that the claim made by previous research is rather oversimplified. Instead, a complex web of normative forces that shape how novel anglicisms are made comprehensible on radio is revealed, which includes the constraints of the medium, stylistic and journalistic genre conventions, the target audience, and the language perceptions of journalists.

Language is not just a collection of phrases and words, ultimately playing a fundamental role in shaping the personality of an individual in society based on the mechanism, life experience and history of his nation. Society has many positive and negative effects on language, but the negative effects are more than the positive ones. In Kurdistan, there is lack of accurate information and reliable data continued differences and understanding in all its forms in Kurdish society and the global progress in the field of participation of languages and dialects in all spheres of life (political, social, economic, etc.). The aim of this research is to find a solution to bring the dialects of Kurdish closer together and unite its terms by knowing the degree of influence of society on language, because the experiments of other nations have shown that the existence of these different dialects is the existence of a linguistic chain. Therefore, we must take advantage of this chain and develop our official language. The unification of terms and their use as one among all individuals of different dialects brings the individuals of society closer together. The results show a pathway to establish and correct another way by focusing on using the language to be strong in society; by identifying problems and causes and reminding them of various detailed data and information by writers, sources, books and media. With an explanation of the significance of developing a society with a unified and wellknown language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The verb pytać [to ask] is one of the basic verba dicendi, thus its meaning seems obvious and its lexicographical descriptions exhaustive. At the same time, contemporary uses of this lexeme in the media suggest the presence of additional components, not yet taken into account in the studies of this verb. The author will therefore analyse selected quotations from informative Internet portals and TV dailies in order to then attempt to answer the question posed in the title. The description will take into account the pragmatic elements of the utterance: its context, information about the sender and the assumed recipient, as well as the entire communication situation; the conclusions will, in turn, be confronted with descriptions of the verb pytać [to ask] present in the linguistic literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is dedicated to an analysis o f the modem Russian language ‘situation’. The main factors influencing the development of standard Russian are analyzed. First among these factors is media language. The perspectives ou the development o f modem Russian are characterized.

Copyright of Estudios Románicos is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article discusses the online edition of the "Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung" (DAZ, German General Newspaper), an exceptional media product in Kazakhstan. This medium was chosen mainly for its very complex linguistic and cultural configuration. The linguistic forms are German, while the discourse and text traditions suggest a Russian influence due to the long hegemony of Russian as the language of culture and education in Kazakhstan. Additionally, the current sociocultural frame of reference is of genuine Kazakh origin. The central aim of this evidence-based media linguistic analysis was to describe the unique features in the language of this online medium, i.e. the multilingual aspects of language variation and aspects related to language and cultural contact. The methodology is based on a linguistic concept of saliency and used interrater reliability in the linguistic assessment. The study showed that the online version and the print version differ not only on a technical level, but also in their journalistic and linguistic design. The digital version is marked by livelier, more idiomatic, and more colorful texts than the print version. These differences can likely not just be attributed to the greater range of options provided by the new medium, but possibly also to the larger share of contributions by authors from Germany in the online version compared to the print ver-sion. In the written practices examined in this article it could be shown that authors from Kazakhstan generally used 'multiliteracy' form that also generated emergent forms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The appearance of some new kingdoms in Indonesia seized the public’s attention. The media then covered and published the issue to the readers. Some perspectives used in gaining and reporting the news. One of their focuses is on how to represent any social actors involved. This paper will discuss what techniques used by the writer in representing any social actors in two news articles deal with Keraton Agung Sejagat released by Kompas.com. The aim is to give a description what techniques used and its implication to the news as a whole. Critical Discourse Analysis will be the domain of the paper, meanwhile van Leeuwen’s view of social actors will be the core. This qualitative-descriptive paper is conducted in three stages, which are data providing, analysis, and the presentation of the analysis. Based on the analysis, there are eleven techniques used, i.e. exclusion, inclusion, activation, passivation, genericization, specification, individualization, assimilation, nomination, categorization, and personalization.

On veebi- ehk klõpsumeedia ajastu. Reklaamitulu nimel on ajakirjanikud hakanud koostama pealkirju, mille tagamõte on püüda lugeja tähelepanu ja ärgitada teda pealkirjale klõpsama. Selline pealkiri võib olla eksitav ja lugeja ootusi petta. Siinse artikli keskmes on lünkpealkirjad: sellised klõpsulõksu-pealkirjad, mida ei saa ilma kontekstita täielikult tõlgendada. Analüüsitakse meelelahutusportaali Elu24 pealkirju aastatel 2008, 2013 ja 2018. Tulemustele antakse võimalikud põhjendused portaali pikaajalise ajakirjaniku intervjuu põhjal. Ilmneb, et lünkpealkirju esines enim 2013. aasta valimis, kuigi osakaal jäi samasse suurusjärku ka aastal 2018. Peamiselt luuakse lünkpealkirju üldise tähendusega nimisõna- ja kvantorifraaside ning küsi- ja käsklausetega, vähem ka hüüdlausete ning ase- ja asemäärsõnadega. Mõnikord on lünk pealkirja loodud mitme keelevahendi koosmõjul. *** "Forward-reference headlines as clickbait in Estonian online media" The era of online click media has begun. Journalists are creating clickbait headlines, which aim at catching readers’ attention and making them want to click on the headline. This kind of headlines can be misleading and not live up to the readers’ expectations. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview on the kind of clickbait headlines that cannot completely be interpreted without context: forwardreferencing headlines. Headlines from the entertainment portal Elu24’s from 2008, 2013 and 2018 were analyzed. The results indicate that the headlines of 2013 contained the most forward-reference, although 2018 was not far behind. Mostly, nouns and quantifiers as well as interrogative and imperative sentences were used for creating forward-reference. Pronouns and proadverbs and exclamatory sentences were used less. In some cases, the reference was created by multiple linguistic tools at once. An interview with a long-time Elu24 journalist helped explain the results.

Depicting the feasible actions of a linguist interested in media research, the autlior presents two dominant research approaches and the problems relaled therewilh. She hypothetically distinguishes the role of a linguist - hegemonie leader and the role of a linguist - sovereign. The hegemonie approach means a clearly specified research subject, i.e. the media language, a precisely specified scope of analyses and the supremacy of research methods deriving from linguistics. The linguist - sovereign prefers an open approach, considering the appropriately selected achievements of media studies and related disciplines in his/her analyses and interpretations. He/she characterizes irt his/her own manner the media vision of the world, the stylistic diversification of media messages, media genres, placing the selected issues in a discourse perspective. The dynamics of research shaped in such manner has resulled in proclaiming a new sub-discipline within linguistics referred to as media linguistics.

The Jozef Mistrík´s longtime research gives us an important insight into the journalistic style and media language. This study focuses on the evolution of stylistics conception in the papers and monographs written by Jozef Mistrík with the accent on book publications of his stylistics. The aim of this text is to identify and to interpret changes and shifts in characteristics of journalistic style. The study focuses on the three aspects of Mistrík´s conception of stylistics – definition, main aspects and genres – in the context of journalistic style. The study was drafted to commemorate the 100th jubilee of Jozef Mistrík´s birth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new “wood language” that theorizes the political discourse makes use of stereotypical formulas because it repeats obsessively some words until they become meaningless. This is the effect of a way of speaking, of using “the latest fashion terms” in the political discourse, on the one hand, and in the usual discourse, on the other hand, both aspects showing the lack of culture and the spreading of bare forms. Far from this rigid language reflected in the real political discourse and in the unjustified adoption of foreign words, the remains of a language can be identified today in linguistic language with the accentuated nationalist violence and discourse. On the other hand, there is the reverse phenomenon of a rebellious and anti-stereotypical position, also supported by the media.

This article is based on the understanding that figurative linguistic signs are in general a common research topic in the media language but represent a desideratum especially with regard to the German-speaking press abroad. Against this background, some of the figurative and formulaic related observations as well as the results of a current research project are thematised and discussed. The primary goal is a focused evidence-based analysis – more precisely: a theory-based qualitative exploration – of special features of figurative language use in three German-language minority newspapers from Russia, Kazakhstan and Hungary. In addition, manifestations of culturality are developed in the analysed media discourse, which is characterised by multilingualism and interculturality or rather transculturality. The approach is not normative and error-analytical, but descriptive and primarily contact- or intercultural-oriented. Among other things, it was found that the empirical database provided only relatively few figurative phrases. The findings include that other textual mechanisms prevail and due to the multilingual settings the text producers adopt fixed syntactic schemes from the contact languages. On the producer side, a German-based figurative language is generally used, but it is congruent with the figurativity of the respective contact language (in the present case: Russian, Kazakh and Hungarian), including Russian/Kazakh/Hungarian-oriented framings. In this context, the dominant feature is constituted of (virulent or latent) language contact-related phenomena with some dynamics: primarily transference formations of different kinds. At the same time, it cannot be ignored that the language and text (types) competence and especially the figurative competence of the text producers in the area of conceptual-writing skills vary widely and are often not comparable to those of federal German journalists.

This study is of the commentaries provided by two different radio sports commentary teams of the same two international rugby football test matches. The matches were played between the British and Irish Lions and the New Zealand All Blacks. The commentary teams were a British team and a New Zealand team. The commentaries are analysed for how the members of the team co-construct the commentary by having both institutionalised roles and exercising these roles in institutionalised tasks. The results of this analysis show that there is considerable variation in the way in which the members of each commentary team exercise their roles and contribute to creating a coherent commentary. This variability depends on who is performing each role and how their practice interrelates with that of the others in their team. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article includes the study of metaphor as a strategy for interpreting the terrorist attacks perpetrated in Madrid on March 11, 2004 in three newspapers published in different languages in different countries. The text offers a multidisciplinary view to the metaphor, based on the interpretation of this figure as one of the linguistic forms of the interpretation of reality in a journalistic text and the so-called framing theory.

In this paper we are focused on the comprehensibility of mass-media texts within the theoretical context of media literacy and media competence, in order to determine the elements of standards for their comprehensibility. Our comparative analysis of texts (primarily political news reports) from Croatian national daily newspapers confirmed the hypothesis about their partial incomprehensibility and considerable variation in comprehensibility between different media outlets. We analysed 11 different categories: the amount of text in a sentence, word length, symbol length, average sentence length, average word length in syllables, lexical density, lexical redundancy, the density of entities, the complexity of words by their syllable length and frequency, and measures based on the estimated complexity of words in the newspaper corpus. By observing groups of individuals with different age, level of education, and social background, we found significant differences in their perception and understanding of mass-media texts, depending on their age and education. This leads us to conclude that standards for comprehensibility need to be determined by taking into account the previously obtained research findings, while continuing work to establish all relevant factors of the perception of media text, as well as ways in which they affect its comprehensibility. We selected those measures that are best suited for automated assessment of comprehensibility of newspaper reports in the Croatian language by pairing comprehensibility assessments from the consumers of media with the results of text complexity computer analysis. By using selected automated measures of text readability and the human perception of text readability, we attempted to make a contribution to determining the elements of text readability standards, as the minimum requirement for text readability.

Copyright of Imagofagia is the property of Imagofagia - AsAECA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study aims at recognizing the role of sport media's journalistic language in developping some social values among the Algerian youth. The descriptive method is used since it is more suitable. The case study involves several meadia channels like journalism, TV's and radios. The study sample involves a hundred journalists that have been randomly chosen. The three chapters questionnaire ( media language, cooperation and objectivity) that is used results in the following: First, The media doesn't change the youth's values as it is thought to be, but it just complements the role of the basic educative institutions like family, school, primary groups and mosques. Second, Arabic is a keystone in enhancing journalism students' skills and talents. Third, using the standard Arabic correctly as much as possible as a mean of communication in the media and shrinking the use of the dialects. Forth, Asking public authorities and researchers to pay attention about the importance of social values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the proliferation of mass media and the widespread use of the internet, media has become one of the most influential areas in our life. There is a strong relation between media and language. Language is one of the main tools that media needs to achieve its goals. The media, along with the positive contributions it has made to the development of the language, it also caused the language corruption. Language mistakes have become widespread due to the sloppy and misuse of language in the media. Arabic which has an important place among the world languages is also used incorrectly in the media. Language mistakes are becoming more common day by day and the same mistakes are repeated consistently. In this study, common language mistakes have been discussed with examples from the Arab media. In addition, solution proposals have been presented to correct these mistakes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annals of Social Sciences / Roczniki Nauk Społecznych is the property of Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL & Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawla II and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The manner in which language is utilized in reporting Islam is disheartening. This is because sensationalized language, especially in the news media, could reinforce negative stereotypes. As such, those who rely on the media to understand Islam are likely to develop negative preconceptions about the religion. This study aims to investigate how the non-western online newspapers use language in news coverage of Islam. Content analysis was used to collect and analyze the data. Using purposive sampling, Punch and Vanguard were selected from Nigeria while The Star and New Straits Times were selected from Malaysia. A total of 599 Islam-related news articles were collected from the selected newspapers using internet-based search from November 2015 until September 2016. The findings showed that almost half of the overall Islamrelated articles conveyed negative tone toward Islam while very few conveyed positive tone. This shows that the language used in news coverage of Islam is inappropriate and sensational. Hence, there is a need to enhance the reporters' knowledge and writing skills through inter-media exchange program, exposure to different religious, social and cultural lives, workshops, seminars, conferences, as well as sensitivity training and retraining on reporting religions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this thesis is to introduce the concept of presupposition and present its use in the context of language manipulation in the media through selected examples. The article presents the variety of presuppositions as a linguistic form. The work also shows the multitude of types of this pragmatic figure. Method: Qualitative analysis was used to approximate the technique of using presupposition as a form of manipulation. Two examples which appeared in the media discourse were subjected to extensive qualitative research. An important aspect of the analysis is also to show the context of the statement, so that the recipient is aware of how and under what circumstances the message existed. Results: The analysis showed how people of the media and politics use presuppositions to communicate their judgment to the subconscious mind without showing it directly. The diversity of this pragmatic figure contributes to the diversity of its applications in media discourse. Conclusions: Skilfully used presupposition is an excellent manipulative practice. Exploring this topic will contribute to expanding the awareness of the recipients of media statements, who, without proper knowledge, become good material for the use of manipulative practices. Presupposition, due to its specificity, is not easy to decipher, which makes it an interesting subject of research in the context of manipulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Ühingu Aastaraamat is the property of Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhing (ERU) / Estonian Association for Applied Linguistics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The NŠÚ (Institut for Journalism Research) during its existence paid attention also to the research of media language. One of the most important persons in linguistic research was Zora Lišková. Her works were focused on various aspects of media texts – from semantics to pragmatics. This paper tries to descript NŠÚ activity in the area of media language. However, it focuses on the works of Zora Lišková, who during two decades in NŠÚ published interesting and important outcomes of researches in the forms of monographs and also scientific papers on the pages of significant scientific journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is based on the understanding that figurative linguistic signs are in general a common research topic in the media language but represent a desideratum especially with regard to the German-speaking press abroad. Against this background, some of the figurative and formulaic related observations as well as the results of a current research project are thematised and discussed. The primary goal is a focused evidence-based analysis - more precisely: a theory-based qualitative exploration - of special features of figurative language use in three German-language minority newspapers from Russia, Kazakhstan and Hungary. In addition, manifestations of culturality are developed in the analysed media discourse, which is characterised by multilingualism and interculturality or rather transculturality. The approach is not normative and erroranalytical, but descriptive and primarily contact- or intercultural-oriented. Among other things, it was found that the empirical database provided only relatively few figurative phrases. The findings include that other textual mechanisms prevail and due to the multilingual settings the text producers adopt fixed syntactic schemes from the contact languages. On the producer side, a German-based figurative language is generally used, but it is congruent with the figurativity of the respective contact language (in the present case: Russian, Kazakh and Hungarian), including Russian/Kazakh/Hungarian-oriented framings. In this context, the dominant feature is constituted of (virulent or latent) language contact-related phenomena with some dynamics: primarily transference formations of different kinds. At the same time, it cannot be ignored that the language and text (types) competence and especially the figurative competence of the text producers in the area of conceptual-writing skills vary widely and are often not comparable to those of federal German journalists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Language & Law / Revista de Llengua i Dret is the property of Revista de Llengua i Dret and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article describes the extra-linguistic circumstances, which impact the norms of media language. The hypothesis is that it is necessary to treat studies of media language norms as a separate scientific field as these norms are most important ones for modern communication. The article is focused to prove that each new generation learn the norms of Russian literary language at secondary and high schools and, that is why perceives them as standard. However, these norms may transform in media language. The rationale for the research is that the norm is not yet explored as a frame, formed by school and high education. Norms (frames) of young and elderly generation may not always correlate. Moreover, the shift from traditional book epoch to new digital one should be taken into account. The article suggests that it is possible to use principles of speech culture for exploration of media language. The conclusion is that it is important to develop new principles and approaches for studying mass media language. This view of research field seems to be prospective as mass media language practice works under rules of new digital communication.

Metaphorical language plays an important role in spreading and popularising scientific information. However, little is known about the process through which sober scientific research is transformed into colourful or even sensational news. This paper examines the main metaphor scenarios used to explain nutritional discoveries, generally related to the overarching metaphors of “combat” and “maintenance”, and explores how they are developed and distributed across institutional press releases, online news reports, and magazines/blogs. Most of the metaphor scenarios seem to arise first in the press release, but these are considerably extended and embellished by the other media. Only occasionally are new metaphor scenarios engaged, which reflect societal discourses concerning science and nutrition.

The study deals with linguistic and functional cognitive aspects of language use in the media with a focus on typical actualisation of linguistic units in continental European business and political press which contain borrowings from the English language alongside original words and collocations, vividly shown by the examples taken from French sources. In the course of communication, the problem of transferring and understanding information arises, thus involving pragmatic and functional cognitive aspects of research. This raises the problem of notions and concepts, particularly in differentiating between strict logical mental structures and formations possessing both logical and sub-logical bases that deal with emotional and evaluative characteristics subject to various interpretations, which is vividly shown in the analysis of the English examples.

The aim of this article is to analyse the contemporary use of the lexeme narration based on the contextual material derived from Internet media texts. As a consequence, the meaning of narration present in the Polish media discourse is reconstructed. The extracted aspects of narration are as follows: subject, object and intention, often with pointing out a concrete purpose, such as manipulation of reality or history. Thus, particular narration is often accused of being false. Narration appears to be a notion and a linguistic construct, unstable and prone to changes, which is exposed by the addressees. Nowadays narration could also be perceived as a version of the truth or it might be identified with the truth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]