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Objectives: Inflammatory disorders including periodontitis have been investigated for their impact on systemic inflammation and bone health. The present study was conducted with an aim to evaluate impact of control of periodontal inflammation through subgingival instrumentation on serum interleukin 6 and serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) in premenopausal females with stage II and III periodontitis. Method and materials: In this single-arm prospective study, periodontal parameters, serum interleukin 6, serum CTX, and hematologic parameters (total leukocyte count, differential leukocyte count, platelet count, mean platelet volume, and platelet distribution width) were assessed at baseline. Subgingival instrumentation was done, and oral hygiene instructions were given. At week 4, professional plaque control was performed, and oral hygiene instructions were reinforced. Serum and hematologic parameters were reassessed at 8 weeks after subgingival instrumentation, in individuals meeting the clinical endpoints (ie, bleeding on probing < 10%). Results: There was significant reduction in serum interleukin 6 of 0.168 ± 0.164 pg/mL (P = .000), and serum CTX of 17.459 ± 4.363 pg/mL (P = .000) at 8 weeks after subgingival instrumentation. There was significant decrease in eosinophil count (P = .018) and mean platelet volume (P = .016) at 8 weeks after subgingival instrumentation; however, no significant change was found in other hematologic parameters. Conclusion: Following subgingival instrumentation, biomarkers of both systemic inflammation (interleukin 6) and bone turnover (CTX) were observed to reduce significantly. This finding hints towards a positive impact of periodontal intervention on bone health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Study Design and Methods Results Discussion Splitting apheresis platelet (PLT) units increase available inventory during shortages. The impact of prolonged storage in gas‐impermeable aliquot bags on PLT quality in vitro and transfusion outcomes in patients remains uncertain.We assessed in vitro PLT quality and thromboelastography (TEG) in PLTs stored for 8 or 24 h in aliquot bags compared with baseline (T0). Retrospective assessment of response (PLT increment and corrected count increment (CCI)) was conducted among adults (≥18 years) transfused with split platelet units from January 2021 to June 2022.No differences were observed in PLT and white blood cell (WBC) counts, mean platelet volume, or TEG parameters during storage, except for an increase in TEG R time (mean ± SD) at 24 h (6.1 ± 0.5 min) compared to T0 (4.4 ± 0.8 min), p = 0.0031 one‐way ANOVA. Eighty‐one patients were transfused 119 split units with a median [IQR] PLT yield of 2.1 × 1011[1.9 × 1011 to 2.3 × 1011] and storage duration of 1.6[0.7–9.1] h. The overall median PLT count increment was 6.0 × 103/uL and CCI was 5.0 × 103, correlating negatively with split unit storage duration (Spearman rho = −0.218, p = 0.017). Compared with split transfusions of pathogen‐reduced (PR) PLTs, non‐PR splits were associated with higher median platelet count increments (7.0 × 103/μL vs. 4.0 × 103/μL, p = 0.0263 Mann–Whitney U) and higher CCIs (6.5 × 103 vs. 3.9 × 103, p = 0.0116 Mann–Whitney U) despite no differences in PLT yields (2.1 × 1011/μL vs. 2.1 × 1011/μL).Storing PLTs in aliquot bags for 8 or 24 h does not adversely affect their quality in vitro. Splitting apheresis PLTs are feasible for adult transfusions during shortages. It may be advisable to prioritize non‐PR PLTs for splitting given improved patient responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have previously shown that body mass index attenuates a positive association of platelet count (PLT) and inverse of mean platelet volume (MPV) with lung cancer risk in men. It is unclear whether fat mass, lean mass, or liver function tests (LFTs) show similar attenuations. Using bioelectrical impedance measurements (UK Biobank cohort) and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, we examined the associations of allometric fat-mass index (AFI, fat mass adjusted for height), allometric lean-mass index (ALI, fat-free mass adjusted for height and fat mass), and LFTs with lung cancer risk and their multiplicative and additive interactions with platelet parameters. Based on 1573 lung cancer cases in men and 1473 in women with body composition measurements (1541 in men; 1428 in women with biomarker measurements), AFI in women, ALI in both sexes, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total bilirubin in men were inversely associated, while gamma-glutamyl transferase in men and alkaline phosphatase in both sexes were positively associated with lung cancer risk. Only AFI and ALT interacted inversely with PLT and positively with MPV in men. The attenuation of the associations of platelet parameters with lung cancer risk by high-AFI and high-ALT in men suggests that adiposity-related factors hinder lung-cancer-related platelet associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive values and relationships of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, delta neutrophil index (DNI), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and other hematological parameters in patients diagnosed with acute prostatitis. Methods: Serum PSA levels and hemogram parameters of patients diagnosed with acute prostatitis were retrospectively analyzed. Healthy patients of the same age group were assigned to the control group. WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, thrombocyte (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), plateletcrit (PCT), NLR, and DNI were determined. Serum total PSA and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were also assessed. Results: Total PSA levels (3.48 [1.11–6.66]) in the acute prostatitis (AP) group were significantly higher than those of healthy men (0.82 [0.47–1.39]) (p < 0.001). Total CRP levels (3.88 [1.50–22.03]) in the AP group were significantly higher than those in healthy men (1.15 [0.89–2.00]) (p < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of PSA at a cutoff value of 1.52 were 68.4% and 79.7%, respectively. The NLR value in the AP group was 2.62 (1.87–4.42), compared to 1.63 (1.18–2.20) in the healthy group (p < 0.001). Differences in WBC, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts were also statistically significant (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in PLT, PCT, or DNI values. Significant positive correlations were observed between PSA, CRP, and DNI values (all p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study demonstrated the usefulness of NLR, PSA, CRP, and WBC as predictors of acute prostatitis. NLR is a simple, inexpensive inflammation parameter that correlates well with CRP levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Meningitis, especially of bacterial origin, is a medical emergency that must be diagnosed promptly. However, due to the associated risks of complications of lumbar puncture, it is crucial to identify individuals who truly need it. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic role of inflammatory markers in distinguishing among patients without meningitis, those with aseptic meningitis, and those with bacterial meningitis. This was a retrospective, diagnostic study at an acute care hospital, involving adult patients who presented to either ambulatory care or the emergency department with fever and headache, but without altered mental status or neurological deficits. Inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein [CRP], mean platelet volume, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, and red cell distribution width) were assessed as index tests. An expert panel classified patients into three groups: no meningitis, aseptic meningitis, and bacterial meningitis using predefined criteria. Of the 80 patients, 52 had no meningitis, 27 had aseptic meningitis, and 1 had bacterial meningitis. Of the inflammatory markers investigated, only CRP showed potential usefulness in differentiating these three diagnostic groups, with median values of 5.6 (interquartile range [IQR] 2.1, 11.3) mg/dL in those without meningitis, 0.2 (IQR 0.1, 1.2) mg/dL in those with aseptic meningitis, and notably elevated at 21.7 mg/dL in the patient with bacterial meningitis. In adult patients presenting with fever and headache in an emergency setting, CRP was the only marker that demonstrated potential diagnostic utility in distinguishing among those with no meningitis, aseptic meningitis, and bacterial meningitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To delve into the relationship between mean platelet volume (MPV) and semen quality in patients with varicocele. Materials and methods: A total of 246 varicocele patients and 120 healthy adult males were enrolled. Physical examinations and the color Doppler ultrasonography were conducted on patients with varicocele to confirm the diagnosis. Venous blood samples and semen samples were collected from all participants for subsequent analysis. A series of statistical analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between their MPV levels and semen quality. A series of statistical analyses were performed to assess the relationship between MPV and semen quality. Results: No statistically significant differences were found between body mass index (BMI), sexual hormones, semen volume, platelet count, and right testicular volume in all three groups (health subjects, varicocele without symptoms, and varicocele with infertility). When conducting regression analysis on two groups with varicocele, the results indicated that a lower MPV is associated with a reduced risk of varicocele accompanied by infertility (OR = 0.557 95% CI: 0.432–0.719, P < 0.001). Further correlation analysis in varicocele patients revealed that high MPV had a statistically negative impact on the occurrence of poor semen quality, affecting sperm concentration, progressive motility, and morphology (all P < 0.001). More importantly, when predicting varicocele associated with infertility, MPV demonstrated high diagnostic sensitivity (AUC = 0.745, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Our results indicate that MPV is higher in varicocele with infertility and is closely related to semen quality, which may suggest an accompanying decline in semen quality associated with varicocele. However, these conclusions require further experimental validation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pseudothrombocytopenia caused by platelet clumping (PC) can lead to unnecessary platelet transfusions or underdiagnosis of hematologic neoplasms. To overcome these limitations, we assessed the capacity of the Sysmex DI-60 digital morphology analyzer (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan) for detecting PC and determining an accurate platelet count in the presence of PC. For this purpose, 135 samples with or without PC (groups Y and N, respectively) were processed by an examiner (a hematologic specialist) using both the Sysmex XN-9000 and DI-60 analyzers. Although the platelet aggregate (PA) and giant platelet (GP) counts reported by the DI-60 and the examiner exhibited strong correlations, they proved inadequate as effective indicators for screening samples containing PC. Between the PA and GP counts and four platelet indices (the platelet distribution width [PDW], mean platelet volume [MPV], platelet large cell ratio [P_LCR], and plateletcrit [PCT]) reported by the XN9000, we observed statistically significant correlations (both overall and with group Y), but they were relatively weak. The platelet counts determined using the DI-60 and light microscopy in group Y showed substantial variations. Although the performance of the DI-60 was reliable for detecting PA and GP in smear images, such fixed areas are not representative of whole samples. Further, in the presence of PC, the resulting platelet counts determined using the DI-60 were not sufficiently accurate to be accepted as the final count. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Immuno-hematological abnormalities are common among HIV infected individuals as well as patients with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However, the immuno-hematological outcome of Dolutegravir based antiretroviral therapy (ART) usage is not well investigated. Objectives: To assess hematological and immunological parameters among adult HIV patients before and after initiation of Dolutegravir based ART regimen at St. Peter Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2021 at St. Peter Specialized Hospital among adult HIV patients. A total of 422 HIV patients on Dolutegravir based ART (combination of Dolutegravir/lamivudine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (DTG/3TC/TDF)) for a minimum of 3 months were selected using convenient sampling methods. Socio-demographic as well as clinical data of the participants was obtained using pre-tested structured questionnaires and a review of medical records. Hematological parameters such as CBC was obtained using Beckman coulter automated hematology analyzer and immunological parameters such as CD4 count were determined using BD FACS presto. Statistical analysis of the data was done using SPSS version 21. Paired t-test was used to compare dependent variables before and after initiation of the new HAART and binary logistic regression was used to determine predictors of immuno-hematological abnormalities. P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Of 422 adult HIV patients, about 273(64.7%) were females. The mean age of study participants was 42.2 years (±10.4SD). The mean white blood cell (WBC) count, red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), platelet distribution width (PDW), CD4 count, as well as lymphocyte percentage, neutrophil percentage, and platelet counts (PLT) were increased significantly(P<0.05) after 3 months of the Dolutegravir based therapy. While, red cell distribution width (RDW) and mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) were decreased (P<0.05) after the treatment. Other hematological parameters such as mean cell volume (MCV), hematocrit (HCT), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) showed no significant change. On the other hand, the most common hematological abnormalities identified after the new HAART were anemia (12.1%); followed by Leucopenia (11.3%), neutropenia (6%), and thrombocytopenia (4%). Anemia was associated with female sex (AOR = 7.8, 95% CI: 1.9–32.2, P<0.005) and WHO clinical stage III/IV (AOR = 16, 95% CI: 10.63–66.46, P<0.01). Conclusion: There was a significant change in certain immuno-hematological parameters such as WBC count, RBC count, PLT count, Hb, PDW, CD4 count, lymphocyte and neutrophil percentage after initiation of the Dolutegravir based therapy. Anemia was the most common hematological abnormality. Further studies are required to fully comprehend the outcome of the new treatment regimen on immuno-hematological parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although repeatedly confirmed, the molecular nature of gene-environment (GxE) interactions has rarely been investigated in the clinical context of mood disorders. This study assesses the relationship between HTR2A genetic variants and the modulatory effect of inflammation in a collective cohort of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD), as a unified group with two distinct phenotypes. Methods: The study included 138 patients with acute mood episodes (BD = 83; MDD = 55). HTR2A rs6313 and rs6314 genotyping was performed while measuring platelet-derived indicators of inflammation (platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), plateletcrit, and platelet distribution width) and the MPV/PLT ratio. Results: The HTR2A rs6313 variant is a significant predictor of the polarity phenotype in mood disorders, with the MPV/PLT ratio moderating this relationship, but only under low-inflammatory conditions. In more pronounced inflammatory states, genetic influences lose their predictive role. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the complex interplay between platelet-derived indicators of inflammation and HTR2A variants in the context of mood disorders. Without pro-inflammatory conditions, mood disorders seem to be more genetically determined. Under pro-inflammatory conditions, phenotypic presentation is less dependent on genetic factors. GxE interactions in mood disorders are multifaceted, context-dependent and relevant for assessing their clinical presentation and course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Exploration of the Predictive Diagnostic Value of Mean Platelet Volume to Platelet Count Ratio (MPV/PLT,PVI) and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) in the tPSA Gray Zone of Prostate Cancer Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 65 prostate cancer (Pca) patients and 52 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients who underwent transperineal prostate biopsy at Xiangtan Central Hospital from December 2021 to December 2023. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used to investigate the predictive diagnostic value of PVI and NLR in the tPSA gray zone of prostate cancer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed based on PVI and NLR values to determine the classification thresholds. Results: A total of 117 patients were enrolled, including 65 cases of prostate cancer (PCa) and 52 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). There were no statistically significant differences in age, BMI, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, history of coronary heart disease, pre-biopsy white blood cell count, history of drinking, history of smoking, and tPSA between the PCa and BPH patients. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that PVI (OR=2.03, 95%CI: 1.34~3.07, P<0.00) and NLR (OR=0.32, 95%CI: 0.18~0.58, P<0.00) were independent predictors for diagnosing prostate cancer in the tPSA gray zone (VIF=1.04).The maximum area under the curve (AUC) for PVI was 0.70, with an optimal cut-off value of 0.05 (P ≤ 0.01). The maximum AUC for NLR was 0.76, with an optimal cut-off value of 2.86 (P ≤ 0.01).The calibration curve showed good consistency between the predicted and actual outcomes in both the PCa and BPH groups, indicating that the nomogram model had good predictive performance. When using PVI and NLR to plot the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to predict the assessment of PCa in the tpsa gray zone, the area under the curve (AUC) for PVI was the largest at 0.70, with an optimal cutoff value of 0.05 (P ≤ 0.01). The AUC for NLR was the largest at 0.76, with an optimal cutoff value of 2.86 (P ≤ 0.01). Conclusion: PVI and NLR have certain predictive diagnostic value for Pca in the tPSA gray zone, and appropriate use of PVI and NLR can improve the positive rate of early screening for Pca in the gray zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The morbidity of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) remains high, particularly because of secondary cerebral lesions that significantly aggravate the primary lesions. The main type of secondary lesions is delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), in which platelets (PLT) appear to play a key role. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is an indirect marker of platelet activation. We aimed to determine the individual trajectories of MPV over time in patients with and without DCI during the course of aSAH. This is a single-center, retrospective, longitudinal analysis of individual trajectories of MPV over time, in a cohort of aSAH patients included in the Prospective, Observational Registry of Patient with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Neurocritical Care Unit (ProReSHA). A mixed-effects linear regression model was used to compare the trajectories of MPV and MPV/PLT ratio between patients who developed a DCI and those who did not. A total of 3634 MPV values were collected in 587 patients. The analysis of MPV as a function of DCI occurrence showed a significant difference in the trajectory over time between patients with DCI and those without, with an estimate of 0.02 (95%CI 0.01, 0.04, p = 0.009). The analysis of the MPV/PLT ratio as a function of DCI occurrence and other covariates showed a significant difference in the trajectory over time only for patients with a modified Fisher score less than 3, with an estimate of -0.59 (95%CI: -0.94, -0.23, p = 0.001). The individual trajectories of MPV over time differ between patients with DCI and those without. However, MPV values vary greatly over time and between patients. Thus it does not appear as a reliable biomarker for stratifying patients based on their specific risk of developing DCI. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: (NCT02890004), registered in August 2016. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major global health threat for children, causing numerous hospitalizations and deaths. CAP is a leading cause of mortality in children under five and results in millions of hospital admissions each year. Identifying reliable prognostic markers is crucial. Mean platelet volume (MPV) and red blood cell distribution width coefficient of variation (RDW_CV) are accessible and cost-effective options for prognosis assessment. This study investigates MPV and RDW_CV as prognostic markers in children with CAP. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 150 children aged 1–15 years diagnosed with CAP upon initial examination and admitted to the hospital. CAP diagnosis was based on clinical symptoms, physical examination, and/or radiographic findings, with hospitalization criteria set for CAP in children. CAP severity was assessed using the Clinical Respiratory Score, categorizing patients into mild, moderate, and severe groups. MPV and RDW_CV were compared among these groups. Results: Among the patients, 71 (47.3%) were girls, and 79 (52.7%) were boys. The average hospitalization duration was 6.24 ± 3.82 days, with a median of 5 days. Disease severity distribution was 58 (38.7%) mild, 54 (36.0%) moderate, and 38 (25.3%) severe. Both RDW_CV and MPV were higher in severe cases and in children hospitalized for more than 10 days (P < 0.001). A significant positive correlation was observed between RDW_CV and MPV (r = 0.636, P < 0.001). Mean RDW and MPV values were significantly elevated in children needing ICU admission and those with pleural effusion (P < 0.001). The RDW_CV cutoff was 13.75, with 97.4% sensitivity and 80.4% specificity. The MPV cutoff was 8.25, with 78.9% sensitivity and 69.6% specificity. Conclusion: Elevated RDW_CV and MPV levels are associated with severe CAP in hospitalized children, providing valuable prognostic insights. RDW_CV is a more precise prognostic indicator than MPV, demonstrating superior predictive value in CAP management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Platelets play a key role in the natural history of aortic stenosis (AS) and after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). An echo-based staging system stratifies patients with severe AS into 5 groups according to the associated cardiac damage phenotype. We aimed to correlate these AS stages with platelet indices in post-TAVI patients. Methods: Patients with severe AS who underwent TAVI and were admitted to intensive cardiac care unit (ICCU) were prospectively identified and divided into 5 groups according to extra-valvular cardiac damage [no extravalvular cardiac damage (Stage 0), left ventricular damage (Stage 1), left atrial or mitral valve damage (Stage 2), pulmonary vasculature or tricuspid valve damage (Stage 3), or right ventricular damage (Stage 4)]. Baseline characteristics and complete blood count including mean platelet volume (MPV) and immature platelet fraction (IPF) were collected within 2 h after the procedure and analyzed in relation to aortic stenosis staging. Results: A total of 220 patients were included. The mean age was 81 years old and 112 (50.9%) were female. Two (1%) patients were classified in stage 0; 34 (15%) in stage 1; 48 (22%) in stage 2; 49 (22%) in stage 3 and 87 (40%) in stage 4. Higher mean MPV values were correlated with higher AS staging (10.8 fL, 11 fL, 11.3 fL and 10.8 fL in stages 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively, P = 0.02) as well as lower hemoglobin values (12 mg/dl, 11.6 mg/dl, 11 mg/dl and 11.3 mg/dl in stages 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively P = 0.04). Mean IPF values were 5.3%, 5.58%, 5.57% and 4.83% in stage 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively (P = 0.4). In a multivariate logistic regression model only MPV (OR = 2.6, P = 0.03) and body mass index (BMI) (OR = 1.17, P = 0.004) were correlated with higher staging (0–3) of AS. Conclusions: Although IPF and MPV levels increased in stages 0–3, there was a decrease in indices in stage 4, (probably due to bone marrow dysfunction) in this end-stage population. Higher levels of MPV and lower levels of hemoglobin were independently correlated with higher stages (0–3) of AS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims. The non-dipper pattern is present in about 50 percent of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension, a status associated with more frequent cardiovascular complications and restrained prognosis. This study aimed to identify simple biomarkers that can be used for the classification of dipper and non-dipper individuals with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Method. 138 consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), 54 (39.1%) dippers and 84 (60.9%) non-dippers; CBC and determinations of different biomarkers, as well as their ratio was also performed, for comparing the two dipper profiles. The different dipper profiles were established by ABPM, which highlights the mean arterial pressure (MAP), the mean heart rate (MHR), and the mean pulse pressure (MPP). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the ability of biomarkers to differentiate dippers from non-dippers. Results. The study included 54 dipper and 84 non-dipper patients. The median age was 64 years (interquartile range 58-74), ranging from 24 to 85 years. The comparison between dipper and non-dipper in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension concerning different biomarkers found only two that were statistically significant: triglycerides to hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ratio and triglycerides to glucose ratio. For both biomarkers, the dippers had higher values than non-dippers. The best AUCs were found for triglycerides (Trig) to glucose ratio of 0.774 (95% confidence interval 0.601 - 0.92), statistically significant, followed at a distance by lymphocytes, platelets-lymphocytes ratio (PLR), platelet distribution width (PDW-SD), mean platelet volume (MPV)/Lymphocytes, and others, none of them being statistically significant. Conclusions. This study offers valuable insights into the classification of dipper and non-dipper individuals with type 2 diabetes and hypertension using several biomarkers. Notably, the triglyceride-to-glucose ratio appeared as a significant marker with considerable discriminative capacity, indicating its potential therapeutic value in risk stratification and personalized treatment strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Diabetes mellitus encompasses metabolic disorders marked by chronic hyperglycemia, leading to various complications. It is considered a prothrombotic state associated with increased platelet reactivity. Parameters such as mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW), which are indicative of platelet size, enzymatic activity, and prothrombotic risk, can be readily assessed during routine hematological analysis, facilitating early detection of this prothrombotic state. Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the varied alterations in platelet parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and tried to elucidate these parameters' predictive role in diabetes complications. Materials and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted between February 2022 and February 2024, involving 100 patients with T2DM and 100 healthy non-diabetic individuals. MPV, PDW, fasting blood glucose (FBS), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were measured and analyzed. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, Chi-square test, and Spearman's correlation tests in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (version 21.0). Results: Most of the patients were in the age group of 40-70 years with male predominance. In comparing the 100 diabetics and 100 non-diabetics groups, MPV and PDW levels were notably higher in diabetics (11.46±1.75 vs. 9.40±1.02 fl, 21±2.57 vs. 16.72±1.48%) with statistical significance (P<0.01). Similarly, FBS and HbA1C levels were elevated among diabetics (179.38±70.25 vs. 90.64±5.93, 7.83±2.24 vs. 5.02±0.64) along with a positive correlation between platelet indices (MPV and PDW) and FBS, HbA1c levels in patients with T2DM. In addition, diabetic patients with complications exhibit significantly higher MPV, PDW, FBS, and HbA1c levels compared to those without complications. Conclusion: MPV and PDW levels show significant alterations in T2DM patients, with consistently elevated values, especially in those with complications. This underscores their potential importance as key indicators alongside glycemic indices such as FBS and HbA1c, in monitoring diabetes progression and anticipating associated complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition that can cause serious maternal and fetal complications. Platelets are one of the cells that play an important role in inflammation in our body. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether there is a relationship between platelet values obtained by a simple blood count and GDM. Materials and Methods: Two groups consisting of 60 individuals with GDM and 250 healthy populations were created. Demographic characteristics, the sugar loading test results performed between 24th-28th weeks and simple complete blood count results including platelets, plateletcrit (PCT), platelet distribution width (PDW), and mean platelet volume (MPV)) were analyzed with SPSS. Results: When comparing the ages, BMI, average blood pressure, heights, and gestational weeks of both groups, there was no any significant differences (p>0.05). In terms of the hemoglobin, platelet, and white blood cell counts, there wasn't any significant differences between the two groups (p>0.05). MPV, PDW and PCT values were significantly increased in patients with GDM compared to healthy pregnant women (p<0.02, p<0.009, and p<0.001, respectively). Specifically, there was a significant positive correlation was found between PCT and the 1st hour glucose level (r: 0.585, p=0.001). Conclusion: We predict that a simple blood count (especially MPV, PDW and PCT values) performed during the first routine visit of pregnant women may be useful in predicting the risk of GDM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Thrombocytopenia, common in preterm newborns, may increase bleeding risk and is often treated with transfusions. Recent studies reveal that transfusing platelets at a high threshold worsens outcomes, possibly due to a "developmental mismatch" between adult‐derived platelets and neonatal hemostatic system. Cord blood‐derived platelet concentrates (CBPCs) could be an alternative for newborns. Our study aims to produce and evaluate the quality parameters of CBPCs during storage. Study Design and Methods: Cord blood was collected from placentas after near‐term and full‐term pregnancies. Several production methods were attempted to obtain CBPCs, varying centrifugation settings, filtration, and dilution procedures. Adult‐derived platelet concentrates (PCs) processed with the same methods, and standard PCs from five buffy‐coats were used as controls. Storage tests were performed on days 2, 4–5, 7 from the collection. Results: CBPCs parameters were compared with adult‐derived PCs, and no significant differences were found for mean platelet volume (MPV), swirling, morphology, glucose, lactate, pCO2, and pO2. pH and bicarbonate were lower in CBPCs. Some significant differences between methods in CD62P expression and JC‐1 ratio were observed. Compared with standard PCs, CBPCs showed lower platelet concentration, pH, and JC‐1. Additionally, both in CBPCs as well as in control PCs, the apoptosis marker phosphatidylserine was elevated. Discussion: CBPCs were of comparable quality to control PCs during storage. However, apoptosis markers in both groups were elevated, suggesting processing and storage of low volumes of PCs require further optimization. Also, filtration of low volumes leads to significant platelet loss, an issue that requires remedy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is a rare vascular phenotype characterized by abnormal dilation of blood vessels and disruption of coronary artery blood flow, which may promote thrombosis and an inflammatory response. We performed a cross-sectional study to investigate the association of white blood cells to mean platelet volume ratio (WMR) with CAE. Consecutive eligible patients (n = 492) were divided into two groups: including 238 patients with CAE and 254 patients in the normal coronary artery (NCA) group. WMR, the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were found to be significantly associated with CAE in both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. In multivariate analysis, the presence of WMR was associated with CAE (the odds ratios (OR) = 1.002, 95% CI: 1.001–1.003, P <.001). In the ROC analysis, the statistics (Z-values) of WMR vs SII and WMR vs NLR were 2.427 and 2.670 and were statistically significant (P =.015 and P =.008), indicating that WMR was superior to SII and NLR in distinguishing WMR. The optimal cut-off value was calculated from the point of maximal sensitivity and specificity by using Youden's index, which was determined to be 635.50. WMR has the potential to be a cost-effective tool to monitor CAE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increased cardiovascular risk has been associated with certain platelet morphological parameters, and several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been reported to be linked. Still, little is known about their role among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). So, we aimed to investigate platelet parameters and lipid profile changes in relation to rs7961894 SNP in children with T1DM. Eighty children with T1DM and eighty apparently healthy controls participated in this cross-sectional study. Platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), HbA1c, triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured, and atherogenic indices were calculated. Using a real-time polymerase chain allelic discrimination technique, rs7961894 SNP was genotyped. Children with T1DM had significantly higher MPV, PDW, TC, and LDL-C compared to controls. 25% of patients had rs7961894 CT genotype with significantly higher MPV, PDW, PCT, LDL-C, triglycerides, Castelli's risk index II (CRI II), and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) compared to CC genotyped patients. MPV correlated significantly with CRI II and AIP, PDW with CRI II, while PCT correlated substantially with HbA1c, LDL-C, CRI II, and AIP. rs7961894 CT genotype was a significant dependent predictor of the changes in MPV, PDW, and PCT in multivariate regression analysis. Conclusion: In children with T1DM, rs7961894 CT genotype is significantly linked to MPV, PDW, and PCT changes, which showed a substantial relationship to CRI II and AIP, highlighting the importance of monitoring these patients to identify potential cardiovascular risks early. What is Known: • Platelets and dyslipidemia are involved in atherosclerosis pathogenesis • Changes in platelet activity and morphological parameters in diabetes mellitus are contradictory • rs7961894 single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with significant changes in mean platelet volume (MPV) with no available data in children What is New: • Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus exhibited significantly higher values of MPV and platelet distribution width (PDW) • rs7961894 CT genotype was a dependent predictor of the changes in MPV, PDW, and plateletcrit (PCT) values • Diabetic children with the rs7961894 CT genotype showed substantial alterations in lipid parameters with a strong correlation between MPV, PDW, and PCT and Castelli's risk index II and the atherogenic index of plasma [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy in women in developed countries, and its incidence is increasing annually. Due to the availability and cost‐effectiveness of serum markers of red cell distribution width (RDW), and mean platelet volume (MPV), we decided to investigate these two important markers in patients with endometrial cancer and assess their role in diagnosing the tumor and differentiate it from endometrial hyperplasia and other causes of bleeding. Methods: This is a case‐control study that examined the data of patients who were referred to Al‐Zahra Hospital during 2022–2023 with complaints of abnormal bleeding and underwent diagnostic curettage. Based on the pathology findings, the patients were divided into 3 groups, including endometrial cancer, endometrial hyperplasia, and control. The clinical characteristics and results of MPV and RDW were compared in these three groups. The IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. was used for data analysis. Results: In this study, 87 women were examined in three groups endometrial cancer, endometrial hyperplasia, and control with a mean age of 52.70 ± 11.63 years. The results showed that the endometrial cancer group, had higher gravida, underlying disease, history of radiation therapy, anticoagulant therapy, blood transfusion, surgery, and family history of cancer (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the endometrial cancer group had lower menstrual age and history of using contraceptives than other groups (p < 0.05). In addition, in this study, the results indicated that the levels of MPV and RDW in the endometrial cancer group were significantly higher than in the endometrial hyperplasia and control groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Since MPV and RDW are cheap and accessible and can be easily obtained from complete blood count panels, they can be used as suitable diagnostic markers for endometrial cancer. However, conducting comprehensive multicenter prospective studies with a larger sample size can be helpful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives: Platelet indices are widely available and relatively cheap platelet parameters. The critical objective of this study is to assess the reliability of platelet indices as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in adult thrombocytopenic patients. Methods: A retrospective case–control study, including 81 immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) cases, 50 aplastic anemia (AA) cases, and 150 participants as a control group. This study included patients admitted from 2016 to 2021 to the Clinical Hematology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital. The collected data included sociodemographic information, clinical data, laboratory data, and an assessment of the therapeutic response in the studied groups. Results: For the diagnosis of adult thrombocytopenic patients, platelet distribution width (PDW) showed the best diagnostic accuracy (85% for ITP and 91.9% for AA) at cutoff points of 14.9% and 17.2%, respectively. This was followed by mean platelet volume (MPV) with diagnostic accuracies of 77% for ITP and 89.3% for AA at a cutoff point of 9.4 fl. Platelet large cell ratio (PLCR) demonstrated insignificant accuracy in diagnosing either ITP or AA. Conclusion: Platelet indices can play a crucial influence in the diagnosis, not the prognosis, of adult thrombocytopenia. Trial registration: NCT05116033. https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05116033 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: Our goal was to examine the effect of high-intensity physical activity on changes in the lipid profile, complete blood count (CBC), iron metabolism, and kidney and liver function tests of professional water polo players. METHODS: This study included twenty professional male water polo players. Blood sampling was carried out at the beginning of the season and during periods of high-intensity training. CBCs were determined with a Siemens Advia 2120i hematology analyzer. A Beckman CoulterAU680 chemistry analyzer was used to determine the serum concentrations/activities of lipid profiles and liver and kidney function test analytes. The lipid athlete scores were also determined. RESULTS: The mean corpuscular volume (p = 0.006), platelet count (p = 0.008), and mean platelet volume (p < 0.001) significantly decreased during the high-intensity period, compared with the beginning of the season. The total iron-binding capacity increased (p = 0.001), and ferritin concentrations significantly declined (p = 0.017). The lipid profiles revealed a significant difference between phases, with slight increases in serum total (p = 0.025) and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.002) levels and a decrease in triglyceride concentrations (p = 0.040) in the high-intensity period. During the high-intensity period, the liver and kidney function tests showed a substantial positive effect on lactate dehydrogenase levels (p < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (p = 0.028) serum activity, and total protein concentrations (p = 0.033), compared with the beginning of the season. CONCLUSIONS: Water polo players might exhibit a decrease in some CBC parameters, an increase in LDL cholesterol, and a decrease in liver function biomarkers due to intense training at the peak of the competitive season. Kidney function biomarkers remain unchanged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a study that investigates the relationship between platelet size and platelet receptor mRNA expression in individuals with diabetes. The study reveals that patients with diabetes have larger platelet size and higher levels of P2Y12 mRNA expression compared to healthy individuals. However, there is no significant correlation between mRNA expression levels and HbA1c levels. These findings suggest that platelet size and receptor mRNA expression may contribute to the prothrombotic state associated with diabetes. The study also suggests that examining mRNA expression levels at the individual platelet level could potentially serve as a marker for assessing the risk of arterial thrombosis in diabetic patients. [Extracted from the article]

Acute cholangitis is a clinical condition that occurs due to stasis and infection of the biliary system, which can recur if left untreated and may lead to life-threatening consequences. Early diagnosis, severity scoring based on the Tokyo Criteria at the time of diagnosis, and prompt initiation of treatment can help prevent mortality. This article aims to retrospectively review patients diagnosed with acute cholangitis by observing pus drainage during Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), determine the diagnostic values and prognostic effects of data obtained from complete blood counts and evaluate the diagnostic and severity criteria of acute cholangitis, including 331 patients who underwent the procedure and exhibited pus drainage, along with 300 healthy volunteers. We observed that the most common cause in the etiology of acute cholangitis was choledocholithiasis. There was a statistically significant difference between the healthy control group and the acute cholangitis group in terms of leukocyte count (WBC), red cell distribution width (RDW), platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume/platelet count (MPV/PLT), neutrophil count/lymphocyte count ratio (NLR), and platelet count/lymphocyte count ratio (PLR) values. ROC analysis revealed that RDW, NLR, and PLR values had high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing the acute cholangitis group from the healthy group. When we compared acute cholangitis severity groups, there was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of WBC, RDW, PLT, MPV/PLT, NLR, and PLR values. Due to the high sensitivity and specificity and easy accessibility of WBC, RDW, PLT, NLR, and PLR tests in diagnosing cholangitis, a closer and careful evaluation of these tests would be beneficial for early diagnosis and effective treatment of the disease. Additionally, this study confirms the high accuracy of the Tokyo Criteria in diagnosing acute cholangitis, highlighting the inadequacies of other clinical scoring systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Colorectal cancer peritoneal carcinomatosis (CRC PC) necessitates preoperative assessment of inflammatory markers to predict postoperative outcomes and guide treatment. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet–Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) in predicting complications for CRC PC patients undergoing surgery. Methods: Calculating NLR, PLR, and MPV from patient data: NLR = absolute neutrophil count/total lymphocyte count, PLR = total lymphocyte count/total platelet count × 100, and MPV = platelet crit (PCT)/total platelet count. Result: The study included 196 CRC PC patients and found significant relationships between these markers and overall survival (OS). Patients with an NLR of 3.77 had a median OS of 22.1 months, compared to 58.3 months for those with lower NLR (HR 2.7, 95% CI 1.1–5.3, p < 0.001). Conclusions: For CRC PC patients undergoing CRS+HIPEC, preoperative assessment of NLR, PLR, and MPV can serve as independent prognostic markers for OS. Incorporating these markers into preoperative evaluations may improve patient selection and outcome prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: There is growing recognition of the critical role of platelets in inflammation and immune responses. However, the role of platelets in lung inflammation in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate platelet count (PC) and mean platelet volume (MPV) in various clinical conditions in CF patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 53 pediatric patients with CF were enrolled in this study. Data was retrospectively obtained from the patients' medical records for PC and MPV, and then categorized into 6 groups according to their pulmonary exacerbation and non-pulmonary exacerbation status in chronically colonized or non-colonized patients with CF. The groups were then compared statistically. Results: The mean age of the patients was 8.01±5.34 years with a male to female ratio of 30:23. In the acute pulmonary exacerbation period, all patients with CF had higher PC than those in a non-pulmonary exacerbation period independent of their chronic colonization status (p<0.05). However, PC was not different in non-colonized patients whether they were in acute pulmonary exacerbation or non-pulmonary exacerbation periods (p>0.05). Importantly, MPV did not show any statistical significance in any compared settings among these CF patients. Conclusion: Platelets may play an important role along with other inflammatory cells and mediators in CF lung inflammation during pulmonary exacerbations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) which is now an important public health problem is a prothrombotic state which can lead to macrovascular and microvascular complications; diabetic retinopathy (DR) being one of them. Platelet indices may serve as prognostic markers for these patients. This study was conducted to evaluate the association between platelet indices and diabetic retinopathy. A total of 144 patients were evaluated. They were divided in four groups. Group 1: T2DM with Proliferative DR, Group 2: T2DM with Non-proliferative DR, Group 3: T2DM without DR and Group 4: Healthy adults (Control group). The mean platelet volume (MPV), Platelet distribution width (PDW), large platelets, platelet count and HbA1c were measured in all the groups. We found that MPV, PDW, large cell platelets and HbA1c were significantly raised in all the groups as compared to the control group. It was also observed that PDW and large cell platelets were significantly increased in patients of proliferative DR as compared to non-proliferative DR. Our findings thus suggest an association between platelet indices (MPV, PDW, large platelets) and DR. Also evaluation of PDW and large cell platelets is useful in predicting progression of nonproliferative to proliferative DR (since these values increased with increasing grade of DR) and hence it’s prognosis. Thus we conclude that there is significant association of platelet indices with diabetic retinopathy and these can be used as predictive markers to monitor DR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Thrombocytosis refers to an increase in the number of platelets to levels above 400,000/μL. This condition is frequently observed in infancy and youth, affecting between 3 to 13% of children. The present study was undertaken to identify the pattern and severity of thrombocytosis in children with various infections and to analyze mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) in those patients. Methods: This study was a hospital based analytical cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Perambalur. The study included 300 children with thrombocytosis. They were divided into two groups after confirming thrombocytosis by peripheral smear. Group 1 included children with thrombocytosis due to infections, and Group 2 included children with thrombocytosis due to other causes. Results: In the present study, Out of 300 patients with thrombocytosis, 203 patients (67.6%) had infection associated thrombocytosis (group 1).Infection associated thrombocytosis was more common in children aged less than 1 year (37%) with a predominance in boys (1.3:1). The platelet count was significantly higher in group 1 than group 2. Among infections, respiratory tract infections (43.8%) were the most common. The majority of the children had only mild thrombocytosis. The comparison of platelet indices among two groups didn’t show any significant differences [mean of MPV in group 1 (7.48 ± 0.89) vs. group 2 (7.47 ± 0.87) (p-0.842) and mean PDW of group 1 (16.59 ± 0.73) vs group 2 (16.52± 0.80)]. Conclusion: Thrombocytosis was a frequent finding in children with infections, especially respiratory tract infections, and in boys younger than 1 year. Platelet count was significantly higher in patients with infection associated thrombocytosis, and the presence of fever is significantly correlating with the severity of thrombocytosis. There was no statistically significant difference in platelet indices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypertension (HT) is a common chronic disease that often causes target-organ damage and severe complications, contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammation plays a prominent role in the initiation and progression of HT. Multiple inflammatory biomarkers have been proposed to predict HT. Several new hematological parameters can reflect the inflammatory response and platelet activation. The major advantage of hematological parameters over conventional inflammatory markers is that they are relatively inexpensive and easily obtained from routine blood tests. Numerous studies have investigated several hematological parameters for their utility as predictive biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of HT. Among them, the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR), red cell distribution width (RDW), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) have recently received attention. We searched PubMed and Embase databases (up to September 18, 2022) to assess the relationships between hematological parameters and HT. This review discusses the diagnostic and prognostic value of these hematological parameters in HT, providing an important basis for early screening, risk stratification, and optimal management of hypertensive patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is safe and effective, mortality and bleeding events post procedure are important. The present study investigated the changes in hematologic parameters to evaluate whether they predict mortality or major bleeding. We enrolled 248 consecutive patients (44.8% male; mean age 79.0 ± 6.4 years) undergoing TAVR. In addition to demographic and clinical examination, blood parameters were recorded before TAVR, at discharge, 1 month and 1 year. Hemoglobin levels before TAVR 12.1 ± 1.8 g/dL, 10.8 ± 1.7 g/dL at discharge, 11.7 ± 1.7 g/dL at first month, 11.8 ± 1.4 g/dL at first year (Hemoglobin values compared with pre-TAVR, P <.001, P =.019, P =.047, respectively). Mean platelet volume (MPV) before TAVR 8.72 ± 1.71 fL, 8.16 ± 1.46 fL at discharge, 8.09 ± 1.44 fL at first month, 7.94 ± 1.18 fL at first year (MPV values compared with pre-TAVR, P <.001, P <.001, P <.001, respectively). Other hematologic parameters were also evaluated. Hemoglobin, platelet count, MPV, and red cell distribution width before the procedure, at discharge, and at the first year did not predict mortality and major bleeding in receiver operating characteristic analysis. After multivariate Cox regression analysis, hematologic parameters were not independent predictors of in-hospital mortality, major bleeding, and death at 1 year after TAVR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. Atypical clinical symptoms lead to delays in diagnosis and treatment. Scoring a combination of routine hematology parameters may be able to predict the occurrence of sepsis in preterm neonates. Objective: To formulate a new model for neonatal sepsis scoring from various complete blood count parameters to predict sepsis in preterm neonates. Methods: This analytical cross sectional study using secondary data from the Registry of the Neonatology Division was conducted at the RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin, Bandung, West Java. Subjects were neonates diagnosed with sepsis, of gestational age 28-36 weeks, who were born at the RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin from January to December 2021. Laboratory results of patients who met the inclusion criteria were recorded. Subjects were divided into either proven sepsis and probable sepsis groups, based on blood culture results. Results: Of 112 subjects, 35.7% had proven sepsis and 64.3% probable sepsis. In the proven sepsis group, 52.5% of subjects were male, median birth weight was 1,490 grams, median gestational age was 32 weeks, 90% were small for gestational age, and 60% were delivered normally. Multivariable analysis by multiple logistic regression revealed that the parameters associated with the incidence of neonatal sepsis were c-reactive protein (CRP) >0.18 mg/dL (score 6), hematocrit <40% (score 4), plateletto- lymphocyte ratio (PLR) <19.623 (score 4); monocytelymphocyte ratio (MLR) <0.461 (score 2); and mean platelet volume (MPV) value >0 (score 2). Score >8 had a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 70.8%, with area under the ROC curve of 0.865 (P<0.001). Scoring accuracy was 75.8%, with a positive predictive value of 61.8%, a negative predictive value of 89.5%, and Kappa index of 51.5% with moderate agreement. Conclusion: A hematological score >8 can be used as a predictor of sepsis in preterm neonates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The purpose of this study was to develop a nomogram using hemogram inflammatory markers to predict the risk of infertility in patients with varicocele (VC). Patients with VC from March 2022 to June 2024 were retrospectively investigated. We divided the patients into two groups based on their fertility status. A total of 162 patients were enrolled: 81 in the infertile group and 81 in the fertile group. Statistical differences were observed between the two groups in lymphocyte, monocyte, erythrocyte, red cell distribution width (RDW), mean erythrocyte volume (MCV), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), MPV/platelet ratio (MPVPR), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) (p <.05). The 162 patients were divided into a modeling cohort and a validation cohort in a 7:3 ratio. A predictive nomogram was constructed based on independent influencing factors identified through univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis were used to assess the model's performance. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that erythrocyte count, PDW, NLR, and SIRI were independent influencing factors. The area under the curve for the nomogram predicting the risk of infertility in patients with VC was 0.869 in the validation cohort. The nomogram demonstrated good predictive performance. In this study, we developed an effective predictive nomogram for assessing the risk of infertility in VC patients using inflammatory markers. However, further external validation is crucial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Platelets and lymphocytes levels are important in assessing systemic disorders, reflecting inflammatory and immune responses. This study investigated the relationship between blood parameters (platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), lymphocyte count (LINF), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR)) and osteoarthritis (OA) severity, considering age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). Methods: Patients aged ≥40 years were included in this cross-sectional study and divided into groups based on knee OA severity using the Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grading system. A logistic regression model, adjusted for confounders, evaluated the ability of PLT, MPV, LINF, and PLR to categorize OA severity. Model performance in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity was assessed using ROC curves. Results: The study involved 245 OA patients (51.4% female, 48.6% male) aged 40–90 years, 35.9% with early OA (KL < 3) and 64.1% moderate/severe OA (KL ≥ 3). Most patients (60.8%) were aged ≥60 years, and BMI was <25 kg/m2 in 33.9%. The model showed that a 25-unit increase in PLR elevates the odds of higher OA levels by 1.30 times (1-unit OR = 1.011, 95% CI [1.004, 1.017], p < 0.005), while being ≥40 years old elevates the odds by 4.42 times (OR 4.42, 95% CI [2.46, 7.95], p < 0.0005). The model's accuracy was 73.1%, with 84% sensitivity, 52% specificity, and an AUC of 0.74 (95% CI [0.675, 0.805]). Conclusions: Higher PLR increases the likelihood of moderate/severe OA, suggesting that monitoring these biomarkers could aid in early detection and management of OA severity. Further research is warranted to cross-validate these results in larger populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disorder with multiple systemic manifestations in common with other inflammatory disorders. Platelet activation has recently been proposed a major pathogenic factor in psoriasis. Mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) are considered platelet activation markers. Although there are various inflammatory markers reported to be abnormal in psoriasis, a simple cost-effective and clinically useful marker that could predict the severity of the disease and be used to know about its association with systemic abnormalities and response to treatment is still under study. Aim: The aim of our study was to look at the association of platelet indices with psoriasis and its severity. Methods: This was a single-center cross-sectional study in which 50 patients with psoriasis and 50 apparently healthy age and sex-matched controls who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled after obtaining informed consent. A detailed history was elicited, and a clinical examination was done including anthropometric measurements and calculation of psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). Investigations including hemoglobin, red blood cell (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), MCH concentration, white blood cell (WBC) and platelet count, plateletcrit, MPV, PDW, and red cell distribution width (RDW) were done. Results: Out of 50 psoriasis patients recruited, 40 (80%) had moderate-to-severe psoriasis, whereas 10 had mild psoriasis (10%) based on PASI scores. In majority of cases, the hemoglobin, PCV, RBC, and WBC counts were within the normal range and were comparable with that of controls. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean values of platelet count, MPV, PDW, plateletcrit, and RDW between cases and controls. There was no significant association between platelet indices and severity of psoriasis. Conclusion: There was no significant association between platelet indices including RDW and the presence or absence of psoriasis in our study. Furthermore, among patients with psoriasis, there was no significant association between platelet indices and severity of the disease.

Abstract Background Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major global health threat for children, causing numerous hospitalizations and deaths. CAP is a leading cause of mortality in children under five and results in millions of hospital admissions each year. Identifying reliable prognostic markers is crucial. Mean platelet volume (MPV) and red blood cell distribution width coefficient of variation (RDW_CV) are accessible and cost-effective options for prognosis assessment. This study investigates MPV and RDW_CV as prognostic markers in children with CAP. Methods This cross-sectional study included 150 children aged 1–15 years diagnosed with CAP upon initial examination and admitted to the hospital. CAP diagnosis was based on clinical symptoms, physical examination, and/or radiographic findings, with hospitalization criteria set for CAP in children. CAP severity was assessed using the Clinical Respiratory Score, categorizing patients into mild, moderate, and severe groups. MPV and RDW_CV were compared among these groups. Results Among the patients, 71 (47.3%) were girls, and 79 (52.7%) were boys. The average hospitalization duration was 6.24 ± 3.82 days, with a median of 5 days. Disease severity distribution was 58 (38.7%) mild, 54 (36.0%) moderate, and 38 (25.3%) severe. Both RDW_CV and MPV were higher in severe cases and in children hospitalized for more than 10 days (P

Abstract Background and objectives Platelet indices are widely available and relatively cheap platelet parameters. The critical objective of this study is to assess the reliability of platelet indices as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in adult thrombocytopenic patients. Methods A retrospective case–control study, including 81 immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) cases, 50 aplastic anemia (AA) cases, and 150 participants as a control group. This study included patients admitted from 2016 to 2021 to the Clinical Hematology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital. The collected data included sociodemographic information, clinical data, laboratory data, and an assessment of the therapeutic response in the studied groups. Results For the diagnosis of adult thrombocytopenic patients, platelet distribution width (PDW) showed the best diagnostic accuracy (85% for ITP and 91.9% for AA) at cutoff points of 14.9% and 17.2%, respectively. This was followed by mean platelet volume (MPV) with diagnostic accuracies of 77% for ITP and 89.3% for AA at a cutoff point of 9.4 fl. Platelet large cell ratio (PLCR) demonstrated insignificant accuracy in diagnosing either ITP or AA. Conclusion Platelet indices can play a crucial influence in the diagnosis, not the prognosis, of adult thrombocytopenia. Trial registration NCT05116033. https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05116033

Aim: There is growing recognition of the critical role of platelets in inflammation and immune responses. However, the role of platelets in lung inflammation in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate platelet count (PC) and mean platelet volume (MPV) in various clinical conditions in CF patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 53 pediatric patients with CF were enrolled in this study. Data was retrospectively obtained from the patients’ medical records for PC and MPV, and then categorized into 6 groups according to their pulmonary exacerbation and non-pulmonary exacerbation status in chronically colonized or non-colonized patients with CF. The groups were then compared statistically. Results: The mean age of the patients was 8.01±5.34 years with a male to female ratio of 30:23. In the acute pulmonary exacerbation period, all patients with CF had higher PC than those in a non-pulmonary exacerbation period independent of their chronic colonization status (p0.05). Importantly, MPV did not show any statistical significance in any compared settings among these CF patients. Conclusion: Platelets may play an important role along with other inflammatory cells and mediators in CF lung inflammation during pulmonary exacerbations.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of mean platelet volume (MPV) in predicting SBP in cirrhotic patients. Methods: This was an observational, analytical, and retrospective study conducted on cirrhotic patients with abdominal ascites referred to the emergency department (ED) over a 1-year period. The cirrhotic patients with ascites were divided into two groups with or without SBP. The diagnostic accuracy of MPV for detecting SBP was measured and compared with the analysis of the ascites fluid obtained by paracentesis as a gold standard procedure in the absence of any secondary causes of peritonitis. The required data were documented in a checklist. Results: A total of 252 patients, 126 with SBP and 126 without SBP, were included in the study. The mean MPV in these patients was 8.36 ± 0.92 fL. Patients with SBP had a significantly longer duration of cirrhosis, more severe fever and abdominal pain, and higher ascites WBC and PMN counts and higher mean MPV (p<001). At the most appropriate cut-off point (i.e., 8.3 fL), MPV provided the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and the diagnostic accuracy of 69.84%, 53.97%, 60.27%, 64.15%, and 61.90%, respectively, for the diagnosis of SBP. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that MPV had an acceptable diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.677). Conclusion: Mean platelet volume, as a non-invasive, simple, and accessible laboratory parameter, with acceptable diagnostic accuracy in cirrhotic patients with ascites may have a predictive role in the diagnosis of SBP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AİM: Late-onset neonatal sepsis has a high mortality rate in premature infants. To date, no single test in the evaluation of neonatal sepsis has been demonstrated to be both sensitive and specific enough to assist in timely decision making. The aim of our study is to develop a predictive model that can be applied to all premature babies, using clinical and laboratory findings in premature babies, to recognize late-onset neonatal sepsis. STUDY DESİGN: 65 premature patients diagnosed with culture-proven late-onset neonatal sepsis and hospitalized in Dr. Behcet Uz Pediatric Diseases and Surgery Training and Research Hospital neonatal intensive care unit between January 2018 and December 2020, and 65 premature newborns of similar age and gender who did not have sepsis were included in the study retrospectively. RESULTS: In our study, feeding difficulties, worsening in clinical appearance and fever were found to be significant among clinical findings, while thrombocytopenia and high C-reactive protein among laboratory findings are the strongest data supporting late-onset neonatal sepsis. In multiple regression analysis, thrombocytopenia, mean platelet volume, C-reactive protein, lymphocyte count and feeding difficulties had the highest odds ratio (p < 0.05). By converting these data into a scoring system, a nomogram was created that can be easily used by all clinicians. CONCLUSION: In our study, we developed a scoring system that can be easily applied to all premature patients by evaluating the clinical and laboratory findings in late-onset neonatal sepsis. We think that it will help in recognizing late-onset neonatal sepsis and strengthening the treatment decision. Predicting the individual probability of sepsis in preterm newborns may provide benefits for uninfected newborns to be exposed to less antibiotics, not to be separated from mother and baby, and to reduce healthcare system expenditures. The nomogram can be used to assess the likelihood of sepsis and guide treatment decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Aims The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between mean platelet volume (MPV) and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), among women with and without a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods Eight thousand one hundred eighty-one parous women of the ‘2007–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)’ were classified into GDM and non-GDM groups based on self-reported GDM history. We investigated the independent association between the MPV and the risk of T2DM in these groups via multivariable regression analysis. A subgroup analysis was done for the GDM group. Results After comprehensive adjustment for potential covariates, a significant positive correlation was observed between MPV and the risk of T2DM in women with a history of GDM (OR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.13–2.01, P = 0.006). There was a linear relationship between MPV and T2DM among women with a history of GDM, with each unit increase in MPV increasing the risk of T2DM by 50%. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests revealed a stronger significant effect on women with GDM history who had HbA1c ≥ 7%. Conclusions MPV is strongly associated with the incidence of T2DM among U.S. parous women with prior GDM, indicating that MPV may be a potential biomarker of T2DM among women with a history of GDM.

Background: Sepsis is still one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in children worldwide. Consumptive coagulopathy and suppression of thrombopoiesis in the bone marrow resulting from immune dysregulation are pathological mechanisms that cause thrombocytopenia in sepsis. Platelet count (PLT) and indices, such as mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) are markers of platelet activation and are strongly influenced by platelet morphology and proliferation kinetics. We aimed to study the use of platelet count and indices as predictors of mortality in children with sepsis.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 45 children diagnosed with sepsis on admission at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia, between October and November 2022. Blood samples were drawn upon admission, and platelet count and indices were then determined for all children. Subjects were followed up till discharge from hospital or death. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of platelet parameters was done to determine the area under the curve (AUC), optimal cut-off value, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) in predicting mortality in children with sepsis. Using the cut-off values from ROC curve analysis, the odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was calculated using multiple logistic regression analyses. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: MPV, PDW, and PDW/PLT were significantly higher in non-survivors than survivors (P=0.04, P=0.02, and P=0.04, respectively). ROC curve analysis showed that PDW had the largest AUC (0.708 [95% CI=0.549–0.866]) with a cut-off value of 14.1%, sensitivity of 63.6%, and specificity of 82.6%. PDW was also the only parameter that significantly affected the outcome of children with sepsis. PDW≥14.1% at admission increases the risk of mortality by 5.7 times.Conclusion: Admission PDW is a fast and specific tool to predict the outcome of children with sepsis.

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, with India bearing a significant burden. Despite advancements in TB diagnosis and treatment, monitoring TB treatment is challenging, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study aimed to explore the mean platelet volume (MPV) as a potential surrogate marker for monitoring TB treatment and assessing if the neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR) enhances treatment monitoring. Methods Patients diagnosed with TB following NTEP guidelines were recruited. Participants underwent routine blood tests during the six-month Anti-Tubercular therapy course at the start, end of the intensive phase, and end of the continuous phase. Statistical analyses included Spearman correlation, Friedman test, linear mixed effects (LME) models, and multiple linear regression. Results 150 individuals were included for analysis. Deviations from normality were noted. Significant associations were found between CRP and sputum grade. MPV mediated between CRP and sputum grade. Significant differences were observed across the three-time points. LME models showed changes in MPV and CRP levels over time. Including NAR enhanced predictive capability. Conclusions MPV may serve as a promising surrogate marker for monitoring ATT. Personalized approaches are crucial in TB treatment monitoring. LME models revealed MPV and CRP level trends. Future research should explore MPV’s treatment response mechanisms and cost-effectiveness.

Abstract Background Platelet dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Despite clinical observations indicating abnormalities in platelet parameters among IBD patients, inconsistencies persist, and these parameters lack standardization for diagnosis or clinical assessment. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant articles published up to December 16th, 2023. A random-effects model was employed to pool the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) between IBD patients and healthy controls, and subgroup analyses were performed. Results The meta-analysis included 79 articles with 8,350 IBD patients and 13,181 healthy individuals. The results revealed significantly increased PLT and PCT levels (WMD: 69.910, 95% CI: 62.177, 77.643 109/L; WMD: 0.046%, 95% CI: 0.031%, 0.061%), and decreased MPV levels (WMD: -0.912, 95% CI: -1.086, -0.739 fL) in IBD patients compared to healthy individuals. No significant difference was found in PDW between the IBD and control groups (WMD: -0.207%, 95% CI: -0.655%, 0.241%). Subgroup analysis by disease type and disease activity showed no change in the differences for PLT, PCT, and MPV in the ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease groups, as well as the active and inactive groups. Notably, the active group exhibited significantly lower PDW levels than the control group (WMD: -1.138%, 95% CI: -1.535%, -0.741%). Conclusions Compared with healthy individuals, IBD patients display significantly higher PLT and PCT and significantly lower MPV. Monitoring the clinical manifestations of platelet abnormalities serves as a valuable means to obtain diagnostic and prognostic information. Conversely, proactive measures should be taken to prevent the consequences of platelet abnormalities in individuals with IBD. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42023493848.

Yunhan Zhang,1,&ast; Yuyun Chen,2,&ast; Jilin Lv,1 Xiao Xiang,1 Peiyao Wang,1 Wei Feng,1 Zhenhua Guo1 1Department of Neonatal Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Structural Birth Defect and Reconstruction, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors have contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhenhua Guo, Department of neonatal surgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 20 Jinyu Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 400025, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-23-68370286, Email zhguo@cqmu.edu.cnBackground: This study aims to investigate the potential significance of mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) in predicting surgical neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and establish the correlation between MPV/PDW levels and the severity/prognosis of NEC.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on a cohort of 372 patients diagnosed with NEC. The patients were categorized into two groups based on whether they underwent surgical therapy. Univariate /multivariate analysis were employed to compare the MPV and PDW between the two groups. Moreover, patients in surgical group were categorized into multiple subgroups based on intraoperative findings and postoperative prognosis, and the levels of MPV and PDW were compared among these subgroups.Results: Of the 372 patients, the operative group exhibited significantly higher levels of MPV and PDW than the nonoperative group (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that MPV (OR = 4.895, P < 0.001) and PDW (OR = 1.476, P < 0.001) independently associated with surgical NEC. The analysis of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.706 for MPV alone, with a cut-off value of 11.8 fL. Similarly, the AUC was 0.728 for PDW alone, with a cut-off value of 16%. However, when MPV and PDW were combined, the AUC increased to 0.906 for predicting surgical NEC. In accordance with the intraoperative findings, the levels of MPV and PDW were found to be higher in the large area necrosis group than in the partial or mild necrosis group (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the MPV and PDW values in the death group were significantly greater than those in the survival group (P =0.040, P =0.008).Conclusion: MPV and PDW may serve as potentially valuable indicators for determining the need for surgical intervention and predicting the prognosis of patients with NEC.Keywords: mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, necrotizing enterocolitis, neonatal

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between the blood serum mean platelet volume (MPV) and the dynamics of the OF course during the early phase in patients with moderately severe and severe acute pancreatitis (AP). Methods: The predetermined criterion was the presence of the OF according to the revised Atlanta criteria 2012 for moderately severe and severe AP. A prospective sample of patients was stratified by severity, and two groups were defined based on MPV. Demographic indicators, comorbidities and clinical outcomes were compared between these groups. Multifactorial analysis determined whether an elevated MPV is independently associated with early OF and other unfavorable outcomes. Results: Out of 108 patients, 20 had moderately severe AP and 88 had severe AP. The blood serum MPV, measured within 72 h of the onset of AP symptoms was lower 11.8 fL in 32 patients and equal to or greater 11.8 fL in 76 patients. Patients with elevated MPV were older (63 vs. 48 years), had obesity (59.2 % vs. 25 %), diabetes mellitus (DM) (51.3 % vs. 12.5 %), ischemic heart disease (70.8 % vs. 28.1 %) and more frequently experienced persistent OF (93.4 % vs. 53.1 %) compared to those with MPV lower 11.8 fL. The incidence of early OF increased proportionally with the severity of MPV (81.6 % vs. 34.4 % in the group with MPV lower 11.8 fL, Ptrend

Background: There were limited data investigating platelet indices in predicting peritoneal dialysis (PD) outcomes on comorbidities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between platelet indices and new-onset comorbidity and all-cause mortality in PD patients. Methods: A single-center, retrospective observational cohort study was conducted in incident PD patients from 28 December 2011 to 24 January 2018, and followed up until 31 December 2022. Time to the first new-onset cardiovascular disease (CVD) and time to the first new-onset infection event after PD were identified as the primary outcomes. All-cause mortality was identified as the secondary endpoint. The correlation between platelet indices and comorbidities and all-cause mortality were assessed by Cox model. Data of liver disease status was not collected and analyzed. Survival curves were performed by Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank tests. Results: A total of 250 incident PD patients with a median follow-up of 6.79 (inter-quarter range 4.05, 8.89) years was included. A total of 81 and 139 patients experienced the first new-onset CVD and infection event respectively during the follow-up period. High mean platelet volume (MPV) was independently associated with high risk of time to the first new-onset CVD (HR 1.895, 95% CI 1.174–3.058, p = 0.009) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.710, 95% CI 1.155–2.531, p = 0.007). Patients with low mean platelet volume to platelet count ratio (MPV/PC) were prone to occur the new-onset infection events (log rank 5.693, p = 0.017). Low MPV/PC (HR 0.652, 95% CI 0.459–0.924, p = 0.016) was significantly associated with the time to the first new-onset infection event on PD. Conclusions: Platelet indices were associated with the new-onset CVD, infectious comorbidities and all-cause mortality on PD. Low MPV/PC was associated with time to the first new-onset infection event in PD patients. Moreover, high MPV was associated with new-onset CVD and all-cause mortality in the incident PD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between mean platelet volume (MPV) and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), among women with and without a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: Eight thousand one hundred eighty-one parous women of the '2007–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)' were classified into GDM and non-GDM groups based on self-reported GDM history. We investigated the independent association between the MPV and the risk of T2DM in these groups via multivariable regression analysis. A subgroup analysis was done for the GDM group. Results: After comprehensive adjustment for potential covariates, a significant positive correlation was observed between MPV and the risk of T2DM in women with a history of GDM (OR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.13–2.01, P = 0.006). There was a linear relationship between MPV and T2DM among women with a history of GDM, with each unit increase in MPV increasing the risk of T2DM by 50%. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests revealed a stronger significant effect on women with GDM history who had HbA1c ≥ 7%. Conclusions: MPV is strongly associated with the incidence of T2DM among U.S. parous women with prior GDM, indicating that MPV may be a potential biomarker of T2DM among women with a history of GDM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, with India bearing a significant burden. Despite advancements in TB diagnosis and treatment, monitoring TB treatment is challenging, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study aimed to explore the mean platelet volume (MPV) as a potential surrogate marker for monitoring TB treatment and assessing if the neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR) enhances treatment monitoring. Methods: Patients diagnosed with TB following NTEP guidelines were recruited. Participants underwent routine blood tests during the six-month Anti-Tubercular therapy course at the start, end of the intensive phase, and end of the continuous phase. Statistical analyses included Spearman correlation, Friedman test, linear mixed effects (LME) models, and multiple linear regression. Results: 150 individuals were included for analysis. Deviations from normality were noted. Significant associations were found between CRP and sputum grade. MPV mediated between CRP and sputum grade. Significant differences were observed across the three-time points. LME models showed changes in MPV and CRP levels over time. Including NAR enhanced predictive capability. Conclusions: MPV may serve as a promising surrogate marker for monitoring ATT. Personalized approaches are crucial in TB treatment monitoring. LME models revealed MPV and CRP level trends. Future research should explore MPV's treatment response mechanisms and cost-effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]