377 results on '"marchés financiers"'
Search Results
2. USING GENETIC ALGORITHMS IN PANEL DATA MODELING: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STOCK PRICES AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SAUDI ARABIA’S LISTED COMPANIES.
- Author
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MOUFFOK, Omar and MOUFFOK, Mohammed Amine
- Subjects
GENETIC algorithms ,PANEL analysis ,STOCK prices ,FINANCIAL performance ,FINANCIAL leverage - Abstract
Copyright of Les Cahiers du CREAD is the property of Centre de Rrecherche en Economie Appliquee pour Developpement and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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3. Primary Dealer Systems in the European Union.
- Author
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Preunkert, Jenny
- Abstract
Copyright of European Journal of Sociology is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Evidence of Adaptive Market Hypothesis in International Financial Markets.
- Author
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TABOT ENOW, Samuel
- Subjects
FINANCIAL markets ,EFFICIENT market theory ,BEHAVIORAL economics ,INVESTORS ,ANALYSIS of variance - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Academic Finance is the property of Academic Finance Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. La sécurité sur les marchés financiers de l'espace OHADA.
- Author
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Mouhouain, Salifou
- Subjects
INVESTORS ,VICTIM compensation ,FINANCIAL markets ,FINANCIAL risk ,DEFAULT (Finance) - Abstract
The growth of the Member States of OHADA would be difficult if security was not a guiding principle in their financial markets. And so, the CEMAC and UEMOA authorities have taken measures to prevent and address the risks of financial market transactions, namely abuse and default. Thus, on the preventive side, controls are instituted to prevent abuses as well as a guarantee of the default. On the curative side, proceedings and indemnities are provided in case of abuse and, outcome of position and compensation for the victims to provide a guarantee against default. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Valuation on financial markets: Calculations of emotions and emotional calculations.
- Author
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Lange, Markus and Scheve, Christian von
- Subjects
- *
FINANCIAL markets , *DAY trading (Securities) , *FUTURES market , *EMOTIONS , *VALUATION , *ECONOMIC sociology - Abstract
How do actors on financial markets transform the plethora of informational signals into concrete valuations of traded assets? How do they make decisions in an environment characterized by fundamental uncertainty? Although there is a rich tradition in economic sociology suggesting that emotions and other subjective factors play a decisive role in this regard, empirical studies of their relevance for economic action have remained rare. The present study seeks to fill this void. It investigates the emotional underpinnings of the practices of financial valuation in the German financial sector. Drawing on in-depth interviews with, and ethnographic observations of day traders and fund managers, the study shows that emotions are essential ingredients of their collective calculative practices. Results of the present study yield three empirically grounded key concepts that advance understanding of emotions in financial valuation: First, subjectively experienced market feelings enable traders and managers to imagine imminent market futures. Second, market sentiments reflect traders' attributions of specific emotional qualities to financial markets and facilitate their understanding of market behaviour. Third, floor emotions are collective emotions in which traders become involved in organizations and on trading floors that help mitigate situational uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Profil du dirigeant et introduction en Bourse au Cameroun
- Author
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Christel Corine TCHAPGA
- Subjects
Dirigeant ,Profil ,Introduction en bourse ,Marchés financiers ,Finance ,HG1-9999 - Abstract
Objectif : Dans ce travail de recherche, nous montrons qu’il est difficile d’appréhender la problématique financière des entreprises indépendamment des caractéristiques de son dirigeant ou de son équipe dirigeante. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de cet article consiste à montrer dans quelle mesure le profil du dirigeant guide son comportement face aux choix financiers relatifs à une introduction en Bourse. Méthode : Pour répondre à cet objectif, une enquête a été réalisée par entretien direct et par administration d’un questionnaire auprès d’un échantillon de 97 dirigeants. A cet effet, nous avons essayé de tendre des passerelles entre une analyse qualitative et une analyse quantitative afin de montrer en quoi une combinaison de ces méthodes enrichit l’analyse du lien entre profil du dirigeant et introduction en Bourse. La validation de ce travail se déroule en deux étapes. Nous débutons par une analyse en composantes principales pour résumer le mieux possible les informations issues des variables utilisées pour l’analyse. Une fois les principaux axes factoriels déterminés, nous mesurons les liens qui existent entre les différentes variables et le refus d’aller en cote des dirigeants d’entreprises de notre échantillon, en utilisant l’analyse de la covariance. Résultats : Dans le cas singulier du Cameroun, l’étude révèle que le profil d’un dirigeant est significativement lié à la décision d’accès en cote de son entreprise. Les résultats dévoilent que la culture boursière du dirigeant, le niveau et la nature de sa formation, ses expériences professionnelle et financière sont en relation étroite avec ses choix financiers en général et son recours aux marchés financiers en particulier. Originalité/Pertinence : Cette étude s’effectue dans un contexte marqué par la quasi-absence des entreprises sur le marché financier au Cameroun, vingt ans après sa création.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Le Contrôle des Marchés Financiers en Droit Qatarien Articulations externes et synergie interne
- Author
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شاكر المزوغي
- Subjects
Marchés financiers ,Contrôle ,Bourse ,Investissement ,Droit qatarien ,Financial markets ,Law ,Islamic law ,KBP1-4860 - Abstract
Une étude sur le contrôle des marchés financiers qatariens est d’actualité à plus qu’un titre. Tout d’abord, la Bourse du Qatar cherche à s’affirmer dans le paysage économique malgré les richesses naturelles, c’est ce qui fait de cette bourse un exemple de l’importance de l’investissement boursier. Ensuite, une étude analytique, critique et comparative du contrôle des marchés financiers s’impose pour pouvoir évaluer cette jeune expérience et proposer des solutions d’évolution. D’où la question de savoir comment le législateur qatarien a-t-il procédé pour assurer un contrôle efficace et efficient des marchés financiers. La lecture de la loi n° 8 de 2012 sur la Qatar Financial Markets Authority (QFMA), la loi n° 13 de 2012 sur la Banque Centrale du Qatar (BCQ) et les règles de la Bourse du Qatar (RBQ) reconnaissent à différents organes un rôle à des degrés différents, dans la mission de contrôle. Ces organes qui constituent des structures indépendantes s’articulent dans un mouvement cohérent, dans une action coordonnée par le législateur et concourent à un effet unique, à une seule action. ---------------------------------------- A study on the control of Qatari financial markets is relevant to more than one title. First, the Qatar Stock Market seeks to assert itself in the economic landscape despite the natural resources; this what makes this stock market an example of the importance of stock market investment. Then, an analytical, critical and comparative study of the control of the financial markets is necessary to be able to evaluate this young experiment and to propose solutions of evolution. Hence the question of how did the Qatari legislator proceed to ensure efficient and effective control of the financial markets? The reading of the law n ° 8 of 2012 on the Qatar Financial Markets Authority (QFMA), the law n ° 13 of 2012 on the Central Bank of Qatar (BCQ) and the rules of the Qatar Stock Exchange (RBQ) recognize different bodies to play a role with varying degrees in the control mission. These bodies, which constitute independent structures, are articulated in a coherent movement, in an action coordinated by the legislator and they contribute to a single effect and action.
- Published
- 2020
9. Le Contrôle des Marchés Financiers en Droit Qatarien Articulations externes et synergie interne
- Author
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Chaker Mzoughi
- Subjects
Marchés financiers ,Contrôle ,Bourse ,Investissement ,Droit qatarien ,Financial markets ,Law ,Islamic law ,KBP1-4860 - Abstract
Une étude sur le contrôle des marchés financiers qatariens est d’actualité à plus qu’un titre. Tout d’abord, la Bourse du Qatar cherche à s’affirmer dans le paysage économique malgré les richesses naturelles, c’est ce qui fait de cette bourse un exemple de l’importance de l’investissement boursier. Ensuite, une étude analytique, critique et comparative du contrôle des marchés financiers s’impose pour pouvoir évaluer cette jeune expérience et proposer des solutions d’évolution. D’où la question de savoir comment le législateur qatarien a-t-il procédé pour assurer un contrôle efficace et efficient des marchés financiers. La lecture de la loi n° 8 de 2012 sur la Qatar Financial Markets Authority (QFMA), la loi n° 13 de 2012 sur la Banque Centrale du Qatar (BCQ) et les règles de la Bourse du Qatar (RBQ) reconnaissent à différents organes un rôle à des degrés différents, dans la mission de contrôle. Ces organes qui constituent des structures indépendantes s’articulent dans un mouvement cohérent, dans une action coordonnée par le législateur et concourent à un effet unique, à une seule action. ---------------------------------------- A study on the control of Qatari financial markets is relevant to more than one title. First, the Qatar Stock Market seeks to assert itself in the economic landscape despite the natural resources; this what makes this stock market an example of the importance of stock market investment. Then, an analytical, critical and comparative study of the control of the financial markets is necessary to be able to evaluate this young experiment and to propose solutions of evolution. Hence the question of how did the Qatari legislator proceed to ensure efficient and effective control of the financial markets? The reading of the law n ° 8 of 2012 on the Qatar Financial Markets Authority (QFMA), the law n ° 13 of 2012 on the Central Bank of Qatar (BCQ) and the rules of the Qatar Stock Exchange (RBQ) recognize different bodies to play a role with varying degrees in the control mission. These bodies, which constitute independent structures, are articulated in a coherent movement, in an action coordinated by the legislator and they contribute to a single effect and action.
- Published
- 2020
10. Swaps e empresas públicas em Portugal: uma história de poder, cisnes negros e ilusões.
- Author
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LOBÃO, JÚLIO
- Subjects
FINANCIAL institutions ,GOVERNMENT business enterprises ,RATIONALIZATION (Sociology) ,CONTRACTS ,EXECUTIVES - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais is the property of Centro de Estudos Sociais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Le rôle des prestataires de services sur actifs numériques : aperçu de la nouvelle réglementation.
- Author
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PLAIS, Stéphane
- Subjects
FINANCIAL markets ,ASSETS (Accounting) ,PAYMENT - Abstract
Copyright of Revue du Financier is the property of Societe Cybel and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
12. On the Financial Attributes of Impact Investments and the Behavior of Socially Minded Agents
- Author
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Hudon, Marek, Bernal Diaz, Oscar, Hammedi, Wafa, Szafarz, Ariane, Gnabo, Jean-Yves, Hoang, Thi Hong Van, Ledru, François-Xavier, Hudon, Marek, Bernal Diaz, Oscar, Hammedi, Wafa, Szafarz, Ariane, Gnabo, Jean-Yves, Hoang, Thi Hong Van, and Ledru, François-Xavier
- Abstract
Over the past 50 years, sustainability concerns have been gradually taking center stage. In the financial industry, a growing call for increased social responsibility on the part of investors, corporations, and financial institutions led to the birth and development of sustainable finance. Accompanying the expansion of the field, academic research on the topic considerably developed, with researchers investigating a large variety of issues throughout the years. Nevertheless, several fundamental questions remain partially unanswered. It is therefore the objective of this thesis to add to our understanding of such issues and contribute to the literature on sustainable finance. In doing so, we aim to focus on fast-growing and under-researched practices, such as impact investing and social banking, and we principally focus on European markets. We also make use of a large panel of methodologies, from regression analysis and matching algorithm to online survey and incentivized experiment. More precisely, in Chapter 1, we revisit the issue of whether integrating sustainability concerns in financial decisions is consistent with profitability by comparing the financial performance and diversification potential of publicly listed impact and conventional investments. In Chapter 2, we delve into the similarities and dissimilarities between impact and socially responsible mutual funds to contribute to the discussion about whether there exist major differences between the various sustainable investment strategies. Finally, in Chapter 3, we investigate the financial and non-pecuniary motives of social bank owners with the aim of expanding the literature that studies the determinants of sustainable investors’ asset allocation decisions. Overall, our findings point to the presence in financial markets of sustainable investors with important non-pecuniary motivations and who may derive non-financial utility from their asset allocation decisions., Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion, info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
- Published
- 2023
13. Is Private Equity Good for Health? Regulation and Competition Policy Lessons from a Survey of the Evidence
- Author
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Estache, Antonio, Litaj, Ardit, Estache, Antonio, and Litaj, Ardit
- Abstract
The paper summarizes the evidence on regulatory and competition policy weaknesses in dealing with healthcare market failures associated with the entry of private equity (PE) investors in the sector. It also suggests reforms that would address some of the main issues. In that context, it contributes to the debate on how fairness and social concerns could be added more explicitly to the efficiency mandate of regulatory and competition agencies. This debate and related ones in the sector have emerged in view of the growing evidence on the risks of negative coverage, pricing and quality impacts due to the margin for cream-skimming allowed to PE firms to ease their entry in the sector. Although the evidence shows that the negative outcomes are not systematic, there are common and can be associated with the failure of current regulatory and competition policies and tools to protect jointly investors, medical and para-medical staff, patients and taxpayers. The case to internalize the insights of the global experience to reassess the design of current policies aiming at diversifying the financing sources in the health sector seems to be strong., info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2023
14. Financial markets as commensurating machines.
- Author
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Kuchler, Barbara
- Abstract
Ever since the crisis of 2008, the dynamism and self-referentiality of financial markets have puzzled observers. This article argues that this dynamism is the product of a long process of commensuration, by which ever more heterogeneous financial assets and financial instruments have come to be compared with, substituted for, and valuated relatively to one another, and have thereby been condensed into a highly interconnected financial system. This trajectory can be found both in the long-term historical emergence of financial markets from ancient origins and in the more recent transformations of the financial system since the 1970s, including (i) the rise of derivatives markets, and (ii) the rise of capital markets as against bank-intermediated capital flows. The rise of derivatives markets was triggered by the commensuration of basic securities (such as stock, bond) and derivatives (such as options, futures), established by the Black-Scholes-Merton theory of option pricing. The rise of capital markets was rooted in the commensuration – and hence, competition and substitution – of bank products (such as loans, deposits) and non-bank products (capital market securities). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. أثر عدوى الأزمات المالية على الأسواق المالية المتقدمة والناشئة دراسة نظرية وقياسية للفترة 2000-2015.
- Author
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نسرين معياش
- Subjects
- *
FINANCIAL crises , *FINANCIAL markets - Abstract
Our study has the aim to determine empirically the contagion effect that occurs through the changes in the market’s expectations and the transmission of the subprime crisis in the USA on a group of developed and emerging economies for the period of time between 2000 and 2015 using the GARCH statistical method. The study concluded that there is an impact of transmission of the financial crisis from the USA market to the other markets under study, but there is a clear discrepancy. However, while the European and Asian markets are deeply affected by the crisis, the Latin American markets have known resilience to this crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
16. Crenças e percepções dos futuros investidores: um contributo para os Estudos Sociais em Finanças.
- Author
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LOBÃO, JÚLIO
- Subjects
INVESTORS ,FINANCIAL management ,FINANCE ,FINANCIAL markets ,COLLEGE students - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais is the property of Centro de Estudos Sociais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. The Competitive Edge of Credit Unions in Costa Rica: From Financial Repression to the Risks of a New Financial Environment.
- Author
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Rojas, Miguel, Deschênes, Sébastien, Ramboarisata, Lovasoa, and Leclerc, André
- Subjects
- *
CREDIT unions , *ECONOMIC competition , *FINANCIAL markets , *MARKET share - Abstract
This article argues that financial repression played a key role in the emergence of credit unions (CUs) in Costa Rica, along with other institutional factors. Credit unions took advantage of the opportunity to serve borrowers whose requests had been refused by banks. Given the sweeping reforms of the Costa Rican financial system aimed at reducing the scope of financial repression, this article poses the question of how those reforms impacted the competitiveness of CUs. Previous literature suggests that financial reform may lead to concentration in the financial sector, and not to the promotion of a more competitive environment. This article presents data showing that CUs in Costa Rica exhibited an enhanced ability to gain market share and also provides an explanation for the observed trend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
18. Les principaux biais comportementaux et leurs impacts sur les décisions financières et la performance des investisseurs en trading
- Author
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TALHARTIT, Imad and EL KABBOURI, Mounime
- Subjects
Financial decisions ,behavioral finance ,behavioral biases ,financial markets ,investors ,Décisions financières ,finance comportementale ,biais comportementaux ,marchés financiers ,les investisseurs - Abstract
The aim of this work is to study the main behavioral biases and their impact on the performance of traders in financial markets, as well as the impact of these behavioral biases in the financial decisions of investors, through purely theoretical aspects. The existing literature confirms the existence of behavioral biases and demonstrates their impact on investment and financing decisions. In fact, recent research on behavioral finance has shown that investors are sensitive to the main behavioral biases: cognitive biases that can modify their beliefs and preferences, and emotional biases that emphasize the role of emotions in market decision-making. This work therefore aims to understand the main behavioral biases and their impact on the financial decisions and performance of investors in trading. Theoretical studies show that there are multiple behavioral biases that influence investors' decisions, namely imitation, disposition effect, representativeness, anchoring, framing, overconfidence, aversion, risk aversion, loss aversion and optimism. As such, this work challenges the assumption of investor rationality and inferences about the efficiency of financial market information. Keywords : Financial decisions ; behavioral finance ; behavioral biases; financial markets; investors. JEL Classification : G41 Paper type : Theoretical research., Le but de ce travail vise à étudier les principaux biais comportementaux et leur impact sur la performance des traders dans les marchés financiers, ainsi que l'impact de ces biais comportementaux sur les décisions financières des investisseurs, à travers des aspects purement théoriques. La littérature existante confirme l'existence de biais comportementaux et démontre leur impact sur les décisions d'investissement et de financement. En fait, des recherches récentes sur la finance comportementale ont montré que les investisseurs sont sensibles aux principaux biais comportementaux : des biais cognitifs qui peuvent modifier leurs croyances et leurs préférences, et des biais émotionnels qui mettent l'accent sur le rôle des émotions dans la prise de décision sur le marché. Ce travail vise donc à comprendre les principaux biais comportementaux, et leur impact sur les décisions financières et les performances des investisseurs en trading. Les études théoriques montrent qu'il existe de multiples biais comportementaux qui influencent les décisions des investisseurs, à savoir l'imitation, l'effet de disposition, la représentativité, l'ancrage, le cadrage, l'excès de confiance, l'aversion, le risque, l'aversion aux pertes et l'optimisme. En tant que tel, ce travail remet en question l'hypothèse de rationalité des investisseurs et les inférences sur l'efficacité de l'information des marchés financiers. Mots clés : Décisions financières ; finance comportementale ; biais comportementaux ; marchés financiers ; les investisseurs. Classification JEL : G41 Type de l’article: Recherche théorique.
- Published
- 2022
19. La normalisation du statut d'émetteur des Etats membres: que reste-t-il des privilèges exorbitants de la puissance publique ?
- Author
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European Commission - EC [sponsor], Allemand, Frederic, European Commission - EC [sponsor], and Allemand, Frederic
- Published
- 2022
20. Normalising the issuer status of Member States: what remains of the exorbitant privileges of public authority?
- Author
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Allemand, Frederic and European Commission - EC [sponsor]
- Subjects
Gouvernance économique ,Public debt ,Politique budgétaire ,Droit européen & international [E05] [Droit, criminologie & sciences politiques] ,Dette publique ,Budgetary policy ,Financial markets ,Marchés financiers ,Economic Governance ,Maastricht ,European & international law [E05] [Law, criminology & political science] - Published
- 2022
21. Le procès de la Zone franc. Arguments, contre-arguments et voies d'évolution.
- Author
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JACQUEMOT, Pierre
- Abstract
Copyright of Mondes en Developpement is the property of De Boeck Universite and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Financement des pays riches en ressources naturelles : le rôle des marchés financiers et des institutions.
- Author
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HOOPER, Emma
- Abstract
Copyright of Mondes en Developpement is the property of De Boeck Universite and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Canadian Financial Stress and Macroeconomic Condition
- Author
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Thibaut Duprey
- Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,050208 finance ,modèle vectoriel autorégressif à seuil limite ,Public Administration ,Sociology and Political Science ,Financial stability ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,threshold vector autoregressive model ,indicateur de tensions financières ,financial crisis ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,05 social sciences ,Financial market ,Financial system ,Articles ,marchés financiers ,financial stress index ,0502 economics and business ,Financial crisis ,Economics ,Financial stress ,crise financière ,financial markets ,050207 economics - Abstract
I construct a new composite measure of systemic financial market stress for Canada. Compared with existing measures, it better captures the 1990 housing market correction and more accurately reflects the absence of diversification opportunities during systemic events. The index can be used for monitoring. For instance, during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, it reached a peak second only to the 2008 global financial crisis. The index can also be used to introduce non-linear macro-financial dynamics in empirical macroeconomic models of the Canadian economy. Macroeconomic conditions are shown to deteriorate significantly when the Canadian financial stress index is above its 90th percentile.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Gouverner la financiarisation des retraites
- Author
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Montagne, Sabine, Noûs, Camille, Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Sciences Sociales (IRISSO), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Laboratoire Cogitamus
- Subjects
financiarisation des retraites ,Sociology and Political Science ,sociologie ,sociologie économique ,marchés financiers ,réforme des retraites ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. L'impact de la pandémie Covid-19 sur les marchés financiers
- Author
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Nafzaoui, Mohamed Achraf and ABEJJA, Karim
- Subjects
Covid-19 ,Marchés financiers ,Volatilité ,Risque ,Produits financiers - Abstract
Le Covid-19 a suscité beaucoup d’incertitudes qui risquent de durer dans le temps. Les banques et les institutions des marchés financiers n'ont d'autre choix que de rester hyper vigilantes et de réécrire leurs manuels de continuité des activités à mesure que les circonstances changent. S'il est rassurant de voir déjà des réponses agressives en matière de politique budgétaire et monétaire dans le monde, la clarté sur la manière dont ces actions vont stabiliser les marchés et accélérer le chemin vers la normalité émerge lentement, et dans certains cas encore n'apparaît même pas. Cependant, les banques et leurs clients peuvent se rassurer sur le fait que les ratios des fonds propres étaient les plus forts au début de cette crise qu'à tout moment au cours de la dernière décennie. Les banques doivent prendre en compte activement les besoins immédiats de leur personnel et simultanément les multiples implications opérationnelles, financières, de risque et de conformité réglementaire à court et à moyen terme. Ils ont la possibilité de soutenir l'activité commerciale et économique et de faciliter un retour rapide à la stabilité. Si les banques et les entreprises des marchés financiers répondent bien à ces défis sans précédent, elles aideront non seulement la société, mais aussi renforceront la confiance et la réputation du secteur bancaire à long terme.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. L'ÉTAT STRATÈGE PRIS DANS LES TAUX.
- Author
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Lemoine, Benjamin
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Revisiting private equity performance computation for multi-asset investors
- Author
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Edouard Nouvellon and Hugues Pirotte
- Subjects
Deposit rate ,Information Systems and Management ,IRR ,Strategy and Management ,Multi-asset investors ,J-curve ,Private equity fund ,Limited partner ,0502 economics and business ,Asset (economics) ,Business and International Management ,General partner ,Private equity performance ,Multiple on invested capital ,Financial services ,040101 forestry ,Finance ,050208 finance ,Capital calls ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Net worth ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Investment (macroeconomics) ,Private equity ,Gestion financière ,Capital (economics) ,Marchés financiers ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Portfolio ,business ,Opportunity cost of investment - Abstract
Private equity has increasingly been used in portfolio for all types of investors as family offices or ultra-high net worth individuals. Financial literature proposes different ways to compute private equity performances with results that can question the promised over-performance on public equities. The investment process in private equity funds with the system of committed capital and called capital can have a huge impact of the private equity performance in the whole portfolio and in multi-assets framework. This paper proposes an empirical study that integrates the J-curve effect on the private equity part of a portfolio and its scaling effect with the low-rate environment., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. On The Performance and Resilience of Hedge Funds
- Author
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Pirotte, Hugues, Gheeraert, Laurent, Gassner, Marjorie, Dehon, Catherine, Scaillet, Olivier, Hübner, Georges, Hassouni, Afrae, Pirotte, Hugues, Gheeraert, Laurent, Gassner, Marjorie, Dehon, Catherine, Scaillet, Olivier, Hübner, Georges, and Hassouni, Afrae
- Abstract
When you think about hedge funds, you probably think of many terms such as short-selling, speculation, arbitrage, etc. All these terms have raised passionate debate since the early years of the hedge fund industry. These debates have mainly focused on the added value of hedge funds as a new alternative asset class, the analysis of their performance, and the role played by hedge funds in the global financial system. The conclusions drawn from these discussions are so mixed that it is difficult today, if not even impossible, to provide a clear definition of what constitute a hedge fund and what role they play in the global financial system. This dissertation attempts to contribute to those discussions by investigating the factors behind hedge fund performance and resilience. The dissertation is intended to be innovative thanks to the novel statistical methods and the sophisticated data that we used to conduct our analyses.The first research project contributes to the existing debate on the assessment of hedge fund performance as compared to the performance of traditional assets. By applying an innovative statistical approach – the Data Envelopment Analysis – we show that the answer to the question of whether hedge funds outperform or not traditional assets depends on the setting used to gauge this performance. More precisely, we have shown that under the mean-variance setting hedge funds appear to significantly outperform equities. However, this outperformance fades away when we take into account higher moments (i.e. the skewness and kurtosis) of the return distributions. The second research project examines hedge fund performance through the prism of managerial education. Our empirical analysis is based on hand-collected data on the academic background of hedge fund managers, which has allowed us to classify them into quants (managers with a quantitative academic background) and non-quants. By focusing on three hedge fund categories, we show that part of the cross-se, Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion, info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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- 2021
29. CAPITAL SOCIAL Y MERCADOS FINANCIEROS CREDITICIOS: DEMANDA DE CRÉDITO EN MÉXICO, 2010.
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Zepeda, Ernesto, Leos, Juan Antonio, and Carvallo, Félix
- Subjects
- *
SOCIAL capital , *SOCIAL networks , *FINANCIAL markets , *FINANCIAL services industry , *CREDIT , *SOCIOECONOMICS ,MEXICAN economy - Abstract
In the presence of market failures, people need to find acceptable mechanisms to reduce uncertainty and maximize potential benefits. Because the principal failure is the asymmetry of information available, people resort to channels that transmit information to compensate for these drawbacks. These channels are networks of social relationships. This phenomenon is referred to as Social Capital, the network of people that an individual possesses, and whose use could bring about benefits. In the case of the financial market (especially the credit market), people make use of Social Capital when making decisions within the market. Through a series of linear models, drawing on data from wvs-2010 and enigh-2010, it was found that credit demand responds to a few variables that indicate individuals' perceptions of their environment (information). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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30. Médias et sentiment sur les marchés actions européens : influence de la culture nationale.
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BOITOUT, NICOLAS, HERVÉ, FABRICE, and ZOUAOUI, MOHAMED
- Abstract
Copyright of Management international / International Management / Gestiòn Internacional is the property of Management International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Le tournant financier du management
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Salvatore Maugeri and Jean-Luc Metzger
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finance ,gestion ,marchés financiers ,Bourse ,endettement ,Labor. Work. Working class ,HD4801-8943 ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 - Published
- 2013
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32. Trois essais sur les manquements financiers de sociétés et les réactions de marché
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Batz, Laure de, Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne (CES), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, Gunther Capelle-Blancard, and STAR, ABES
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Étude d'évènement ,Régulation ,Financial markets ,Listed companies ,Efficience des marchés ,Financial misconduct ,Information and market efficiency ,Manquement financier ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,Sanction ,Meta-analysis ,Event study ,Méta-analyse ,Marchés financiers ,[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,Regulation ,Sociétés cotées - Abstract
The dissertation is a compilation of three empirical papers on the effects of corporate financial misconducts on financial markets. The scope of misconducts covers insider trading, price manipulations, communication of false information (including accounting frauds), and any breach to securities laws. The first two papers exploit a unique and exhaustive dataset of the sanction decisions made by the French Financial Market Authority (Autorité des Marchés Financiers) since its creation in 2003, using an event study methodology. The first paper investigates how French markets react to the unanticipated news of a sanctioned financial misconduct committed by listed firms. The results stress that condemned listed firms endure significant but limited negative abnormal returns in the aftermath of the regulator’s decision. In particular, after accounting for the regulatory fines, large firms would gain from being sanctioned in terms of reputation. The second paper changes perspective by analyzing the spillovers for listed firms of being named as the victims of sanctioned financial misconducts. The conclusion is that the victims endure a double-punishment: first, when the breach is committed (such as price manipulation or insider trading), and then again when their past executioner is condemned. The last paper enlarges the perspective by meta-analyzing the literature on intentional financial crimes and subsequent market reactions, estimated with an event study methodology. The goal is to put into perspective the results of the first article as well as to fill in a gap in the existing literature. The meta-analysis demonstrates that this empirical literature is affected by a negative publication selection bias. Still, after controlling for this bias, financial crimes imply statistically significant negative abnormal returns., La thèse est composée de trois articles empiriques sur les réactions de marché boursier consécutifs aux manquements financiers. Le champ des manquements couvre les délits d'initié, les manipulations de cours, les manquements relatifs à l’information financière et tout autre manquement de nature à porter atteinte à la protection des investisseurs. Les deux premiers articles exploitent une base de données unique couvrant l’ensemble des décisions de sanction prises par l'Autorité des Marchés Financiers française (AMF) depuis sa création en 2003, en utilisant une méthodologie d'étude d’événement. Plus précisément, le premier article examine comment le marché français réagit à l’annonce non anticipée d’une sanction d’une société cotée. Les résultats soulignent que ces décisions du régulateur entraînent des rendements anormaux négatifs significatifs mais limités. En corrigeant ces rendements anormaux du montant de l'amende imposée par l’AMF, les plus grosses capitalisations boursières gagneraient à être sanctionnées. Le deuxième article renverse la perspective en analysant les répercussions pour une société cotée d'être mentionnée comme la victime passée de manquements sanctionnés. La conclusion est que ces « victimes vengées » subissent une double peine : lorsque le manquement est commis (par exemple une manipulation des cours ou un délit d'initié) puis, de nouveau, lorsque leur ancien bourreau est condamné. Le dernier article élargit la perspective en méta-analysant la littérature sur les répercussions sur les marchés financiers des manquements financiers intentionnels, estimées avec une étude d’événement. L'objectif est de remettre en perspective les résultats du premier article ainsi que de combler une lacune dans la littérature existante. La méta-analyse démontre que ce champ de la littérature est affecté par un biais de publication négatif. Néanmoins, après avoir corrigé ce biais, les manquements financiers entraînent des rendements anormaux négatifs statistiquement significatifs.
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- 2021
33. Les événements de la vie des affaires (octobre 2019-septembre 2020)
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Nicolas De Lamballerie, Edith, Loizeau, Justine, Dauphine Recherches en Management (DRM), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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JEL: E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics/E.E2 - Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy/E.E2.E20 - General ,JEL: N - Economic History/N.N2 - Financial Markets and Institutions/N.N2.N20 - General, International, or Comparative ,[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration ,E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics::E2 - Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy::E20 - General ,marchés financiers ,JEL: M - Business Administration and Business Economics • Marketing • Accounting • Personnel Economics/M.M2 - Business Economics/M.M2.M21 - Business Economics ,Économie des affaires ,chômage - Published
- 2021
34. Le droit souple en droit financier
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Joly, Pauline and STAR, ABES
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Soft law ,Régulation ,Source of law ,[SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law ,Normative force ,Marchés financiers ,Force normative ,Normativity ,Normativité ,Financial market ,Sources du droit ,Droit souple ,Regulation - Abstract
Financial law holds sway over regulated activities ; it is characterized by the involvement from both publicand private actors, regulators and professional communities. These regulatory actors take part in building the normative framework of financial activities up. Some of their norms are deprived from the binding force usually associated with Law. Soft law, a set of non-mandatory legal norms, marks financial law normative architecture. It is difficult to identified due to the diversity of its forms, elaboration processes and authors. The commom caracterisitc of such norms lies in their normative force ranged below the obligatoriness threshold.Without being imperative, financial soft law produces legal effects. It directs behaviors throughout psychosocial mechanisms or some other mechanisms specific to the financial sector and its regulation. Italso generates effects by leaning on legal mechanism from different Law branches., Le droit financier régit des activités régulées et est caractérisé par l’intervention d’acteurs publics et privés, les régulateurs et communautés professionnelles. Ces acteurs de la régulation participent à bâtir le cadre normatif des activités financières. Certaines de leurs normes sont privées de la force obligatoire classiquement attachée au Droit. L’importance de ce droit souple, ensemble de normes juridiques non impératives, distingue l’architecture normative du droit financier. Marqué par la diversité de ses formes, modes d’élaboration et auteurs, il est complexe de les identifier. Leur caractère commun réside dans leur force normative, située sous le seuil de l’obligatoriété. Sans être impératif, le droit souple financier produit des effets juridiques. Il oriente les comportements au travers de mécanismes psychosociaux ou d’autres propres au secteur financier et à sa régulation. Il produit aussi des effets en s’articulant à des dispositifs de droits spéciaux ou du droit commun.
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- 2021
35. The European Central Bank and European Integration. Revue ECU/EURO, N°50 Hors série (2000)
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García Herrero, Alicia
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European Central Bank ,Union économique et monétaire ,Politique monétaire ,macroeconomic policies ,Marchés financiers ,Economic and Monetary Union ,European integration ,politiques macroéconomiques ,Financial Markets ,Banque centrale européenne ,Intégration européenne ,Monetary Policy - Abstract
Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) in Europe can be described as an unprecedented, imaginative and successful model for economic integration. The objectives initially pursued by European integration –ensuring peace and prosperity in what had historically been a conflict-ridden part of the world – have thus far been fulfilled. This is proof of how successful the European Union (EU) has been in adjusting to the manifold challenges of its more than 50-year history. Such is its attractiveness that there are now many non-EU countries eager to join EMU.A cursory glance at European history over the past few decades clearly shows that progress in European integration has been a lengthy and gradual process with many obstacles, detours and setbacks on the way.Interesting lessons can be drawn from analysing the manner in which European integration has progressed and, as a result, interlinked the Member States of the EU and their economies. It is by discerning past trends and developments that we can shed some light on the prospects for Europe in coming years.
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- 2021
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36. Determinantes del acceso al crédito de las PYMES en Colombia.
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Botello Peñaloza, Héctor Alberto
- Abstract
Copyright of Ensayos de Economia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2015
37. The Euromarket's Genesis
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Pons Rozados, Jean-Baptiste, Centre de Sociologie de l'Innovation i3 (CSI i3), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres, and Alexandre Mallard
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Central banking ,Régulation ,[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,Comptabilité ,Financial markets ,Accounting ,Marchés financiers ,Banques centrales ,Euromarkets ,Euromarchés ,Regulation - Abstract
The thesis outlines a sociogenesis of the regulation of Euromarkets in the 1960s and 1970s. It seeks to explain why financial transactions whose development calls into question the monetary sovereignty of States are instituted as an international market. The Euromarkets are an international market for credit in foreign currencies which embodied the internationalization of finance and the emergence of a new financial order. The thesis seeks to highlight the different modalities of regulation of the market by identifying the key players and moments that led to its qualification as a market. It covers about twenty years and identifies three highlights: 1) the redefinition of sovereign financial borders, 2) the institutionalization of the Euromarkets offshore, 3) the reconfiguration of regulatory relations between public and private actors in international finance.; La thèse esquisse une sociogenèse de la régulation des Euromarchés dans les années 1960 et 1970. Elle cherche à expliquer pourquoi des transactions financières dont le développement remet en cause la souveraineté monétaire des Etats sont instituées en tant que marché international. Les Euromarchés sont un marché international de crédit en devises étrangères qui se constitue des années 1960 aux années 1980 et qui incarne pour les acteurs de l’époque l’internationalisation de la finance et l’émergence d’un nouvel ordre financier mondial. La thèse cherche à expliciter les différentes modalités de régulation des Euromarchés en s’appuyant sur les acteurs et les moments clefs qui ont abouti aux partages régulatoires du marché et à sa qualification. Elle couvre une vingtaine d’années et explicite le travail de frontières mené par les principaux acteurs de la régulation des Euromarchés en identifiant trois temps forts dans la régulation du marché et des activités financières internationales. Elle montre que ces temps forts aboutissent à la redéfinition des frontières souveraines financières, à l’institutionnalisation des Euromarchés offshore ainsi qu’à la reconfiguration des relations régulatoires entre les acteurs publics et privés de la finance internationale.
- Published
- 2020
38. Essays in functional econometrics and financial markets
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Tsafack-Teufack, Idriss and Carrasco, Marine
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Landweber-Fridman ,Options ,Probabilité de neutralité au risque ,Functional regression ,Regression fonctionnelle ,Financial markets ,Tikhonov ,Prévision ,Prédiction ,Analyse de données fonctionnelles ,S&P 500 ,Modèle autoregressif fonctionnel ,Composantes principales fonctionnelle ,Big data ,Functional data analysis ,Functional principal component ,Marchés financiers ,Régularisation ,Risk neutral density ,Moindres carrés partiels ,Estimation ,Functional Autoregressive model ,Functional partial least squares ,Forecasting - Abstract
Dans cette thèse, j’exploite le cadre d’analyse de données fonctionnelles et développe l’analyse d’inférence et de prédiction, avec une application à des sujets sur les marchés financiers. Cette thèse est organisée en trois chapitres. Le premier chapitre est un article co-écrit avec Marine Carrasco. Dans ce chapitre, nous considérons un modèle de régression linéaire fonctionnelle avec une variable prédictive fonctionnelle et une réponse scalaire. Nous effectuons une comparaison théorique des techniques d’analyse des composantes principales fonctionnelles (FPCA) et des moindres carrés partiels fonctionnels (FPLS). Nous déterminons la vitesse de convergence de l’erreur quadratique moyen d’estimation (MSE) pour ces méthodes. Aussi, nous montrons cette vitesse est sharp. Nous découvrons également que le biais de régularisation de la méthode FPLS est plus petit que celui de FPCA, tandis que son erreur d’estimation a tendance à être plus grande que celle de FPCA. De plus, nous montrons que le FPLS surpasse le FPCA en termes de prédiction avec moins de composantes. Le deuxième chapitre considère un modèle autorégressif entièrement fonctionnel (FAR) pour prèvoir toute la courbe de rendement du S&P 500 a la prochaine journée. Je mène une analyse comparative de quatre techniques de Big Data, dont la méthode de Tikhonov fonctionnelle (FT), la technique de Landweber-Fridman fonctionnelle (FLF), la coupure spectrale fonctionnelle (FSC) et les moindres carrés partiels fonctionnels (FPLS). La vitesse de convergence, la distribution asymptotique et une stratégie de test statistique pour sélectionner le nombre de retard sont fournis. Les simulations et les données réelles montrent que les méthode FPLS performe mieux les autres en terme d’estimation du paramètre tandis que toutes ces méthodes affichent des performances similaires en termes de prédiction. Le troisième chapitre propose d’estimer la densité de neutralité au risque (RND) dans le contexte de la tarification des options, à l’aide d’un modèle fonctionnel. L’avantage de cette approche est qu’elle exploite la théorie d’absence d’arbitrage et qu’il est possible d’éviter toute sorte de paramétrisation. L’estimation conduit à un problème d’inversibilité et la technique fonctionnelle de Landweber-Fridman (FLF) est utilisée pour le surmonter., In this thesis, I exploit the functional data analysis framework and develop inference, prediction and forecasting analysis, with an application to topics in the financial market. This thesis is organized in three chapters. The first chapter is a paper co-authored with Marine Carrasco. In this chapter, we consider a functional linear regression model with a functional predictor variable and a scalar response. We develop a theoretical comparison of the Functional Principal Component Analysis (FPCA) and Functional Partial Least Squares (FPLS) techniques. We derive the convergence rate of the Mean Squared Error (MSE) for these methods. We show that this rate of convergence is sharp. We also find that the regularization bias of the FPLS method is smaller than the one of FPCA, while its estimation error tends to be larger than that of FPCA. Additionally, we show that FPLS outperforms FPCA in terms of prediction accuracy with a fewer number of components. The second chapter considers a fully functional autoregressive model (FAR) to forecast the next day’s return curve of the S&P 500. In contrast to the standard AR(1) model where each observation is a scalar, in this research each daily return curve is a collection of 390 points and is considered as one observation. I conduct a comparative analysis of four big data techniques including Functional Tikhonov method (FT), Functional Landweber-Fridman technique (FLF), Functional spectral-cut off (FSC), and Functional Partial Least Squares (FPLS). The convergence rate, asymptotic distribution, and a test-based strategy to select the lag number are provided. Simulations and real data show that FPLS method tends to outperform the other in terms of estimation accuracy while all the considered methods display almost the same predictive performance. The third chapter proposes to estimate the risk neutral density (RND) for options pricing with a functional linear model. The benefit of this approach is that it exploits directly the fundamental arbitrage-free equation and it is possible to avoid any additional density parametrization. The estimation problem leads to an inverse problem and the functional Landweber-Fridman (FLF) technique is used to overcome this issue.
- Published
- 2020
39. Le Contrôle des Marchés Financiers en Droit Qatarien Articulations externes et synergie interne
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Islamic law ,Contrôle ,Financial markets ,Marchés financiers ,Droit qatarien ,Investissement ,KBP1-4860 ,Law ,Bourse - Abstract
Une étude sur le contrôle des marchés financiers qatariens est d’actualité à plus qu’un titre. Tout d’abord, la Bourse du Qatar cherche à s’affirmer dans le paysage économique malgré les richesses naturelles, c’est ce qui fait de cette bourse un exemple de l’importance de l’investissement boursier. Ensuite, une étude analytique, critique et comparative du contrôle des marchés financiers s’impose pour pouvoir évaluer cette jeune expérience et proposer des solutions d’évolution. D’où la question de savoir comment le législateur qatarien a-t-il procédé pour assurer un contrôle efficace et efficient des marchés financiers. La lecture de la loi n° 8 de 2012 sur la Qatar Financial Markets Authority (QFMA), la loi n° 13 de 2012 sur la Banque Centrale du Qatar (BCQ) et les règles de la Bourse du Qatar (RBQ) reconnaissent à différents organes un rôle à des degrés différents, dans la mission de contrôle. Ces organes qui constituent des structures indépendantes s’articulent dans un mouvement cohérent, dans une action coordonnée par le législateur et concourent à un effet unique, à une seule action. ---------------------------------------- A study on the control of Qatari financial markets is relevant to more than one title. First, the Qatar Stock Market seeks to assert itself in the economic landscape despite the natural resources; this what makes this stock market an example of the importance of stock market investment. Then, an analytical, critical and comparative study of the control of the financial markets is necessary to be able to evaluate this young experiment and to propose solutions of evolution. Hence the question of how did the Qatari legislator proceed to ensure efficient and effective control of the financial markets? The reading of the law n ° 8 of 2012 on the Qatar Financial Markets Authority (QFMA), the law n ° 13 of 2012 on the Central Bank of Qatar (BCQ) and the rules of the Qatar Stock Exchange (RBQ) recognize different bodies to play a role with varying degrees in the control mission. These bodies, which constitute independent structures, are articulated in a coherent movement, in an action coordinated by the legislator and they contribute to a single effect and action.
- Published
- 2020
40. Swaps e empresas públicas em Portugal: uma história de poder, cisnes negros e ilusões
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Júlio Lobão
- Subjects
gestion d’entreprise ,Portugal ,entreprises publiques ,relações de poder ,relations de pouvoir ,uncertainty (economy) ,marchés financiers ,lcsh:Social Sciences ,lcsh:H ,mercados financeiros ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,incerteza (economia) ,empresas públicas ,gestão empresarial ,lcsh:H1-99 ,financial markets ,lcsh:Social sciences (General) ,power relations ,incertitude (économie) ,business management ,state-owned enterprises - Abstract
A construção de narrativas é um dos elementos centrais no funcionamento dos mercados financeiros modernos. Neste artigo analisamos as estratégias discursivas de um conjunto de gestores de empresas públicas de Portugal perante uma Comissão Parlamentar de Inquérito. Essa comissão foi criada pela Assembleia da República em 2013 para investigar as perdas verificadas pela celebração de contratos derivados (swaps) nas empresas públicas. Recorrendo a conceitos de várias áreas, entre as quais a sociologia das finanças e a psicologia cognitiva, a nossa análise revela que as condições de incerteza e as ilusões cognitivas dos gestores influenciaram as suas narrativas de racionalização. As relações de poder entre os atores sociais em presença (poderes públicos, bancos, empresas) transparecem igualmente no discurso dos gestores. Nas nossas conclusões evidenciamos as implicações destes fatores para a construção de uma visão mais contextualizada das relações financeiras. The building of narratives is one of the central elements in the functioning of modern financial markets. In this paper we analyze the discursive strategies of a group of managers of state-owned enterprises operating in Portugal prior to the creation of that country’s parliamentary committee of inquiry (CPI). This committee was established in 2013 by the Assembly of the Republic to investigate the losses resulting from the use of derivative contracts (swaps) in state-owned enterprises. Using concepts from several scientific fields including Sociology of Finance and Cognitive Psychology, our analysis reveals that uncertainty and the managers’ cognitive illusions influenced their narratives of rationalization. The power relations between the relevant social actors (public authorities, banks, firms) are also evident in the managers’ discourse. In our conclusions we highlight the implications of these factors for the construction of a more contextualized view of financial relationships. La construction de récits est un des éléments centraux du fonctionnement des marchés financiers modernes. Dans cet article, on analyse les stratégies discursives d’un groupe de dirigeants d’entreprises publiques au Portugal devant une commission d’enquête parlementaire. Cette commission a été créée par l’Assemblée de la République en 2013 pour enquêter sur les pertes générées par le recours à la célébration de contrats dérivés (swaps) par des entreprises publiques. En utilisant des concepts de plusieurs domaines scientifiques tels que la sociologie de la finance et la psychologie cognitive, l’analyse révèle que les conditions d’incertitude et les illusions cognitives des dirigeants ont influencé leurs récits de rationalisation. Les relations de pouvoir entre les acteurs sociaux présents (autorités publiques, banques, entreprises) se reflètent également dans le discours des dirigeants. Les conclusions soulignent les implications de ces facteurs pour la construction d’une vision plus contextualisée des relations financières.
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- 2020
41. Essays on Bank Opaqueness
- Author
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D'Udekem D'Acoz, Benoit, Szafarz, Ariane, De Rock, Bram, Oosterlinck, Kim, Pirotte, Hugues, Isakov, Dusan, and Lambert, Marie
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Dividends ,Bonds ,Opaqueness ,Bank ,Gestion financière ,Marchés financiers ,Finance internationale ,Economie financière ,Funding ,Analyst ,Agency costs - Abstract
Opaqueness is inherent to financial institutions but contributes to the fragility of the banking system. The archetypal assets held by banks, loans, have a value that cannot be properly communicated outside of a banking relationship (Sharpe 1990; Rajan 1992). Because they are relationship specific and raise adverse selection concerns, these assets are illiquid (Diamond and Rajan 2001). However, these assets are financed with liquid deposits; uncertainty about their value can cause depositors to withdraw their funds and banks to topple (Calomiris and Kahn 1991; Chen 1999). Additionally, the combination of opaqueness and leverage creates moral hazard incentives, exacerbated by government guarantees, as well as other agency conflicts that are detrimental to stability (Jensen and Meckling 1976).This dissertation presents three original contributions on the consequences of bank opaqueness. The first contribution concerns financial analysts. We show that, unlike in other industries, the most talented sell-side analysts are no more likely than their peers to issue recommendation revisions that influence bank stock prices. However, star analysts appear to maintain influence by uncovering firm-specific bad news that induces sharp negative revaluations of bank stock prices. In the second contribution, we find that the persistence of bank dividend policies increases with agency conflicts between shareholders and managers and decreases in the presence of large institutional shareholders who have an incentive to monitor banks and to mitigate agency conflicts. Our third contribution assesses the competitive distortions in bond markets since the recent reforms of the European Union bank safety net. We find that nationalized systemic banks, and those that benefit from high bailout expectations, do not benefit from funding advantages compared to their peers. Our findings also suggest that bailout expectations for these banks have diminished, consistent with new regulatory frameworks enacted after the financial crisis being effective.Overall, our findings suggest that opaqueness presents formidable challenges for public authorities but that its consequences can be mitigated by credible regulation., Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion, info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
- Published
- 2020
42. La dette souveraine sous l'emprise des marchés financiers : Cas des pays émergents
- Author
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BENAINI Naoual
- Subjects
Pays émergents ,marchés financiers ,obligations souveraines ,défaut ,restructuration - Abstract
Le présent article vise à présenter la nouvelle structure de la dette souveraine des pays émergents et les nouveaux risques qu’elle a générés. Il passe en revue l’évolution du paysage de la dette souveraine depuis les années 90, marqué par le recours massif d’un nombre croissant de pays émergents au financement obligataire sur les marchés financiers internationaux. Ce qui offre de nouvelles opportunités de financement, en élargissant la base d’investisseurs dans la dette souveraine. Cependant, cette nouvelle structure d’endettement porte des défaillances, et est potentiellement risquée, en soumettant les Etats souverains à l’emprise d’acteurs non coopératifs des marchés financiers, notamment les fonds vautours. Elle reflète les vulnérabilités des pays émergents qui peuvent les conduire à des défauts générant une nouvelle crise des dettes souveraines.
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Le lien entre la performance environnementale et la résilience financière
- Author
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ULLAH, MUHAMMAD, Clermont Recherche Management (CleRMa), École Supérieure de Commerce (ESC) - Clermont-Ferrand (ESC Clermont-Ferrand)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020], and Sylvain Marsat
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Gestion de crise ,Environmental Performance ,Valeur de l'entreprise ,Financial Resilience ,Crisis Management ,Marchés financiers ,Analyse de survie ,[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration ,Firm Value ,Survival Analysis ,Financial Markets ,Résilience financière ,Performance environnementale - Abstract
This thesis comprises three empirical essays investigating the impact of environmental performance (EP) of firms on their financial resilience. We capitalize from the vast literature of EP on financial performance and contribute to uncover an unexplored aspect of financial performance, i.e. financial resilience. Financial resilience can be defined as “both the ability of a system to persist despite financially stressful events and the ability to regenerate and maintain existing organization” (Gunderson and Pritchard, 2002, DesJardine et al., 2017). On the one hand, based on shareholders’ expense view, high EP may be viewed as an overinvestment or waste of financial resources and may therefore reduce a company’s financial resilience when confronted to an adverse event. On the other hand, in line with the environment-as-a-resource view, high EP companies may buffer the shock and recover faster by benefitting from stakeholders’ attention through their reputation of being eco-friendly and the competitive advantage of having valuable and inimitable resources.The first chapter introduces the EP and organizational resilience and discusses their financial implications from theoretical and empirical literatures. Bridging the literatures of both areas from a financial viewpoint lead us to our general research question, to investigate “the nexus between firms’ EP and their financial resilience”. Building on this, the chapter then introduces the avenues of research that are undertaken in the following chapters.In the second chapter, we investigate the relationship in the context of a global shock for the worldwide economy, the subprime financial crisis of 2007. Using an international sample of 1,622 observations, we measure firm’s financial resilience by the time to recovery of their market prices to the pre-crisis level. By performing survival analysis, we find that high EP is negatively related to the financial resilience of companies. This indicate that high EP seems to be an organizational constraint that limits the ability of a company to be financially resilient to general financial crisis. However, we also find that EP is not detrimental to resilience for its specific product innovation dimension, nor for companies in less environmentally oriented countries.In the third chapter, we investigate the relationship in the context of regulatory requirements, more precisely by the disruptions caused by the disclosure of verified emissions under the EU ETS. Performing the survival analysis over a sample of 3,194 observations covered under the EU ETS, we find that high EP is positively related to the financial resilience, measured by time to recovery of firm’s market price to the day before the publication. In line with the Environmental resource based view (Hart, 1995, Russo and Fouts, 1997) and the environment-as-a resources framework (Flammer, 2013), this finding suggest that high EP is beneficial for company, and improves the ability of companies to be financially resilient in the context of an environmental regulative framework. However, we find that high EP is more beneficial if firm is in carbon-intensive industry, the carbon prices are high.Finally, the fourth chapter investigates the impact of EP on financial resilience to jolts caused by company specific environmental controversies. We apply survival analysis and OLS regression models to assess the impact of firms’ EP on their flexibility (time to recovery of market value) and stability (severity of loss in market value) dimensions of resilience, respectively. Using an international sample of 233 observations over the 2010-2016 period, we find that prior EP significantly enhances the both dimensions of financial resilience of companies. (...); Cette thèse comprend trois essais empiriques traitant de l’impact de la performance environnementale des entreprises sur leur résilience financière. Nous mobilisons la vaste littérature concernant le lien entre la performance environnementale et la performance financière et contribuons en analysant un aspect non traité de la performance financière, à savoir la résilience financière. La résilience financière peut être définie comme “à la fois la capacité d'un système à persister malgré des événements financièrement stressants et la capacité de régénérer et de maintenir l'organisation existante” (Gunderson and Pritchard, 2002, DesJardine et al., 2017). D’une part, du point de vue actionnarial, une performance environnementale élevée peut être considérée comme un surinvestissement ou un gaspillage de ressources financières et peut donc réduire la résilience financière d’une entreprise face à un événement défavorable. D'un autre côté, conformément à la vision de l'environnement en tant que ressource, les entreprises avec un performance environnementale élevée peuvent amortir le choc et récupérer plus rapidement en bénéficiant de l'attention des parties prenantes, et cela grâce à leur réputation d'être respectueuses de l'environnement et à l'avantage concurrentiel d'avoir des ressources inimitables.Le premier chapitre présente la performance environnementale et la résilience organisationnelle, et traite de leurs implications financières à partir des littératures théoriques et empiriques. Mobiliser la littérature des deux domaines nous amène à notre question de recherche générale, qui cherche à investiguer le lien entre la performance environnementale des entreprises et leur résilience financière. S'appuyant sur cela, le chapitre présente ensuite les pistes de recherche qui sont conduites dans les chapitres suivants.Dans le deuxième chapitre, nous étudions la relation dans le contexte d'un choc mondial pour l'économie, la crise financière des subprimes de 2007. En utilisant un échantillon international de 1622 observations, nous mesurons la résilience financière des entreprises comme le temps nécessaire que le cours de bourse de l’entreprise retrouve son prix de marché du niveau d'avant la crise. En effectuant une analyse de survie, nous constatons qu'une performance environnementale élevée est négativement lié à la résilience financière des entreprises. Cela indique qu'une performance environnementale élevée semble être une contrainte organisationnelle qui limite la capacité d'une entreprise à être financièrement résiliente à la crise financière générale. Cependant, nous constatons également que la performance environnementale n'est pas préjudiciable à la résilience dans sa dimension spécifique d'innovation de produit, ni pour les entreprises dont le siège sociale est localisé dans des pays moins soucieux de l'environnement.Dans le troisième chapitre, nous étudions la relation dans le contexte des exigences réglementaires, plus précisément par les perturbations causées par la divulgation des émissions vérifiées dans le cadre des ETS européens (EU ETS). En effectuant l'analyse de survie sur un échantillon de 3194 observations couvertes par l'EU ETS, nous constatons qu'un EP élevé est positivement lié à la résilience financière, mesuré par le temps nécessaire à la récupération du prix du marché de l'entreprise jusqu'à la celui de la veille de la publication. Conformément à la vision basée sur les ressources environnementales (Hart, 1995, Russo and Fouts, 1997) et au cadre de l’environnement comme une ressource (Flammer, 2013), cette constatation suggère qu'une performance environnementale élevée est bénéfique pour l'entreprise et améliore la capacité des entreprises à être financièrement résilientes dans un cadre réglementaire environnemental.Le quatrième chapitre examine l'impact de la performance environnementale sur la résilience financière dans le contexte des controverses environnementales spécifiques aux entreprises. (...)
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- 2020
44. Relance économique : sommes-nous vraiment tous devenus keynésiens ?
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Marie, Jonathan, Ponsot, Jean-François, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Centre de recherche en économie de Grenoble (CREG), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Ciesla, Catherine
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Banque centrale européenne (BCE) ,crise économique ,transition énergétique ,35 heures ,macroéconomie ,endettement ,marchés financiers ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,crises ,néoliberalisme ,relance économique ,déficit ,transition écologique ,Union européenne (UE) ,développement durable ,économie française ,progrès social luttes sociales ,libéralisme économie ,[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,John Maynard Keynes ,budget - Abstract
Si la crise du Covid-19 a fait de nombreuses victimes, elle a aussi ressuscité le plus célèbre économiste du siècle dernier : John Maynard Keynes. La doctrine du "quoi qu’il en coûte" énoncée par le président de la République Emmanuel Macron pour faire face à une crise sans précédent est révélatrice de ce moment keynésien : l’endettement massif de l’État pour relancer la machine économique constitue désormais la solution ultime privilégiée, y compris chez les économistes favorables à l’austérité budgétaire avant mars 2020. Une lecture attentive de ces réactions diverses nous invite cependant à faire preuve de circonspection quant à cette prétendue "revanche de Keynes".
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- 2020
45. Procyclicité des mesures de risque. Quantification empirique et confirmation théorique
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Bräutigam, Marcel, Laboratoire de Probabilités, Statistiques et Modélisations (LPSM (UMR_8001)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Sorbonne Université, Marie Kratz, Bräutigam, Marcel, Center of Research in Econo-finance and Actuarial sciences on Risk / Centre de Recherche Econo-financière et Actuarielle sur le Risque (CREAR), Essec Business School, LabEx MME-DII, Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), and Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine
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GARCH ,Asymptotic distribution ,Financial markets ,Volatilité ,JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C1 - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General/C.C1.C14 - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General ,JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C1 - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General/C.C1.C13 - Estimation: General ,[QFIN.RM]Quantitative Finance [q-fin]/Risk Management [q-fin.RM] ,Estimateur de quantile ,Correlation ,Distribution asymptotique ,Corrélation ,Risk mesure process ,Processus de mesure des risques ,[MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST] ,Value-at-risk ,Volatility ,Quantile estimator ,Marchés financiers ,[QFIN.RM] Quantitative Finance [q-fin]/Risk Management [q-fin.RM] ,JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C5 - Econometric Modeling/C.C5.C58 - Financial Econometrics ,[MATH.MATH-ST] Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST] - Abstract
This thesis examines, empirically and theoretically, the pro-cyclicality of risk measurements made on historical data. Namely, the effect that risk measurements overestimate the future risk in times of crisis, while underestimating it in quiet times. As starting point, we lay down a methodology to empirically evaluate the amount of pro-cyclicality when using a sample quantile (Value-at-Risk) process to measure risk. Applying this procedure to 11 stock indices, we identify two factors explaining the pro-cyclical behavior: The clustering and return-to-the-mean of volatility (as modeled by a GARCH(1,1)) and the very way of estimating risk on historical data (even when no volatility dynamics are present). To confirm these claims theoretically, we proceed in two steps. First, we derive bivariate (functional) central limit theorems for quantile estimators with different measure of dispersion estimators. We establish them for sequences of iid random variables as well as for the class of augmented GARCH(p,q) processes.Then, we use these asymptotics to theoretically prove the pro-cyclicality observed empirically. Extending the setting of the empirical study, we show that no matter the choice of risk measure (estimator), measure of dispersion estimator or underlying model considered, pro-cyclicality will always exist., Cette thèse analyse, d’un point de vue empirique et théorique, la procyclicité des mesures de risque sur les données historiques, i.e. l'effet de surestimation du risque futur en temps de crise, et sa sous-estimation en temps normal.Nous développons une méthodologie pour évaluer empiriquement le degré de procyclicité, en introduisant un processus de quantiles (`Value-at-Risk’) historiques pour mesurer le risque. En appliquant cette procédure à 11 indices boursiers, nous identifions deux facteurs expliquant la procyclicité: le ‘clustering’ et le retour à la moyenne de la volatilité (tel que modélisée par un GARCH(1,1)), mais aussi la façon intrinsèque d'estimer le risque sur des données historiques (même en l'absence de dynamique de la volatilité).Pour confirmer théoriquement ces arguments, nous procédons en deux étapes. Premièrement, nous démontrons des théorèmes bivariés (fonctionnels) de limite centrale pour les estimateurs de quantiles avec différents estimateurs de dispersion. Comme modèles de base, nous considérons les suites de variables aléatoires iid, ainsi que la classe des processus GARCH(p,q) augmentés. Enfin, ces résultats asymptotiques permettent de valider théoriquement la procyclicité observée empiriquement. Généralisant cette étude à d’autres mesures de risque et de dispersion, nous concluons que la procyclicité persistera quel que soit le choix de ces mesures.
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- 2020
46. Contenir le marché : la transition de la criée à la cotation électronique à la Bourse de Paris
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Fabian Muniesa, Centre de Sociologie de l'Innovation i3 (CSI i3), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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050402 sociology ,Sociology and Political Science ,0507 social and economic geography ,Enchères ,Courtiers ,Economic Sociology ,Science and Technology Studies ,Science and technology studies ,Automation ,0504 sociology ,ICTs (information and communication technologies) ,Financialmarkets ,Technologies de l’information et de la communication ,0601 history and archaeology ,Financial Markets ,Open Outcry ,Sociologie des sciences et des techniques ,060101 anthropology ,[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,Automatisation ,Auctions ,Sociologie économique ,Computers ,05 social sciences ,06 humanities and the arts ,Information and Communication Technologies ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,Open outcry ,TIC (technologies de l'information et de la communication) ,8. Economic growth ,Industrial relations ,Marchés financiers ,[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration ,Economic sociology ,France ,Ordinateurs ,Marchés financiers ,[SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History ,050703 geography ,Criée ,Stockbrokers - Abstract
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soctra.2005.10.004; Open outcry was fully replaced at the Paris Bourse by an automated trade execution system (CAC) in the late 1980s. In this article, we focus on the circumstances that made this transition possible. We analyze the diverse compromises (both social and technical) that the officials and engineers in charge of the innovation process constructed in order to stabilize the new market device. They had to carefully inscribe into the new system the interests of the actors at stake: bankers and stockbrokers. This case study contri butes to economic sociology by drawing a relation between a technical device and the interests set around the “modernization” of a market.; À la Bourse de Paris, dans les années 1980, le marché à la criée fut totalement remplacé par un système de cotation électronique (Cac). Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons aux circonstances qui ont rendu possible cette transition. Nous étudions les divers compromis, à la fois sociaux et techniques, que les responsables de cette innovation ont construits dans le but de stabiliser le nouveau dispositif marchand. Il s'agissait notamment, pour eux, d'inscrire dans le dispositif les intérêts contradictoires des acteurs à l'oeuvre : les banquiers et les agents de change. Cette étude de cas contribue ainsi à la sociologie économique en mettant en évidence les relations qui existent entre la construction d'un dispositif technique et les intérêts qui se nouent autour de la « modernisation » d'un marché.
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- 2020
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47. L'épargne retraite dans l'économie néolibérale
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Montagne, Sabine, Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Sciences Sociales (IRISSO), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
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économie néolibérale ,marchés financiers ,épargne retraite ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Published
- 2020
48. Recycler l'épargne retraite sur les marchés financiers
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Montagne, Sabine, Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Sciences Sociales (IRISSO), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
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gestion d'actifs ,marchés financiers ,épargne retraite ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Published
- 2020
49. Cross-Border Trading and Price Discovery: Evidence from French Stocks
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Gillet, Roland, Ligot, Stéphanie, Veryzhenko, Iryna, Gillet, Roland, Ligot, Stéphanie, and Veryzhenko, Iryna
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As far as the process of market fragmentation accelerates, it is of great importance to figure out where price discovery occurs. This article examines whether fragmentation and competition resulting from Multilateral Trading Facilities (MTFs) impact price discovery after the implementation of the Market in Financial Instruments Directive. We measure Information Shares to study relative price discovery for three European trading venues - the Euronext, BATS, and Chi-X Europe, using the intra-day, best one-second spread midpoints. The results suggest that MTFs contribute more to impounding fundamental information, implying a shift in price dominance from a traditional regulated market to MTFs. The intraday price contributions of MTFs are higher on average than those of the Euronext Paris for our period of study., info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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- 2020
50. Intraday Volatility Smile: Effects of Fragmentation and High Frequency Trading on Price Efficiency
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Gillet, Roland, Ligot, Stéphanie, Veryzhenko, Iryna, Gillet, Roland, Ligot, Stéphanie, and Veryzhenko, Iryna
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In 2007, the European Markets in Financial Instruments Directive ended the national concentration rule. As a result, market fragmentation has accelerated across multiple trading venues. This paper examines intra-day volatility and price efficiency through the metric of the normalized volatility ratio for the years 2006, 2012 and 2013 for Euronext Paris, BATS and Chi-X Europe. Our findings show that price determination remains inefficient at market openings due to the complexity of price discovery activity following a period of non-trading and heavy information releases. However, we demonstrate that an active participation of high-frequency traders significantly improves market efficiency at opening session., info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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- 2020
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