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Introduction. Undocumented migrants live in a state of social, legal, and political invisibility, which affects their mental health while hindering their access to health services. It is therefore essential to understand which situations are linked to their emotional discomfort and how they cope with it. Objective. To explore the sources of emotional discomfort and the strategies used to deal with it in undocumented Mexican migrants residing in an area with a recent migratory tradition. Method. Study conducted using qualitative methodology and ethnographic strategies involving four open interviews with key informants and seven semi-structured interviews with undocumented Mexican immigrants. A thematic analysis was conducted of each of them, and the main categories constructed. Results. Immigration status was the main source of emotional discomfort, creating sadness, anger, and frustration associated with direct acts of racism and discrimination. Religiosity or spirituality, relaxation, avoidance, self-control ("gritting your teeth and bearing it"), and seeking supportive social networks were the most commonly used strategies for coping with this discomfort. Discussion and conclusions. It would be advisable to implement strategies that increased the possibilities of access to professional care, when necessary, without immigrants perceiving a threat due to their immigration status and to promote more robust social networks in the community, as well as virtual networks that could provide an alternative source of care and accompaniment from their place of origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Las fortalezas del carácter son rasgos de personalidad que se han relacionado con el bienestar, la salud mental y el rendimiento universitario eficaz. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el impacto de las fortalezas del carácter sobre el malestar emocional y la procrastinaón académica. Participaron 255 estudiantes de Psicología (71.37% mujeres) con una edad media de 21 años. El método de muestreo fue no probabilístico y se utilizaron los siguientes instrumentos: Escala Creciendo Fuertes (fortalezas del carácter) Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés, y la Escala de Evaluación de la Procrastinación para Estudiantes. Se realizaron estadísticas descriptivas, la prueba U de Mann-Whitney y una regresión logística binaria. Los resultados mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las fortalezas del carácter y los niveles de procrastinación y malestar emocional entre géneros. Las regresiones sobre la capacidad predictiva de las fortalezas del carácter en relación con el malestar emocional revelan que prudencia, gratitud y amor pronostican significativamente los niveles bajos: creatividad, perspectiva, perseverancia, gratitud y humor resultaron ser predictores significativos para ansiedad, mientras que curiosidad, amabilidad, inteligencia social, gratitud y humor lo fueron para depresión. Sin embargo, ninguna de las fortalezas mostró una capacidad predictiva significativa para el estrés. En cuanto a la procrastinación académica, los resultados indican que liderazgo y autorregulación son factores significativos. Por lo tanto, se puede considerar que las fortalezas del carácter funcionan como factores de protección contra la procrastinación académica y síntomas de malestar emocional, lo que subraya la importancia de promoverlos en entornos universitarios.

Copyright of Psicooncologia is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Estudios de Desarrollo is the property of Revista Iberoamericana de Estudios de Desarrollo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Se evaluaron los síntomas psicológicos durante el periodo de confinamiento por COVID-19 y su relación con el impacto del evento percibido en Nuevo León, México. Fue un estudio transversal de tipo correlacional donde participaron 1872 personas (34.7 % hombres y 65.3 % mujeres). Se utilizó el Inventario de Síntomas Revisado para evaluar el grado de malestar emocional y la Escala de Impacto de Evento revisada para evaluar sintomatología del estrés postraumático. El 56.5 % de la muestra presentó estrés postraumático. Existe relación entre la severidad global del malestar emocional y las dimensiones de estrés, edad y grado en que se practica la religión. Además, se encontraron diferencias significativas por sexo en todas las sub dimensiones del malestar emocional, siendo mayor la diferencia en somatizaciones. Por grupos de edad, también existen diferencias significativas, destacando el malestar emocional y el estrés postraumático, siendo mayor en los menores a 35 años. Tener un diagnóstico positivo de COVID-19 generó mayores somatizaciones, mientras que contar con alguien cercano que haya fallecido por causas relacionadas al mismo incrementa toda la sintomatología psicológica y el estrés postraumático. El inicio del confinamiento impactó emocionalmente a la población, siendo más vulnerables los grupos de mujeres y los menores de 35 años.

Adolescence is characterized by physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes. These changes allowed teenagers to develop a new mental organization that differs radically from childhood. Teenagers build a different a view of the world and diverse way to interact with their environment. They have unique belief and emotional systems. Social isolation due to COVID-19 affected the development and emotional wellbeing of teenagers. Having schools closed had a negative impact and diminished students' interest in studying. The purpose of the study is to analyze the relationship between emotional discomfort and disregard for online classes among adolescents (age 14-25) who didn't have an adequate place to study during the confinement. Age and gender comparisons were performed. Participants were 853 high school and college students (68.6% females and 31.3 males) who voluntarily answered the online questionnaire "Experiences of young Mexicans during COVID-19 pandemic confinement". Twenty-five items were analyzed: twelve gathered sociodemographic information, nine were about negative emotional experiences, and four regarding online classes. Results showed a small but significant correlation between emotional discomfort and disregard for online classes. Women of all ages showed higher levels of emotional distress. Students indicated high percentages of emotional distress, the most common ones were financial stress, anxiety, uncertainty, and nostalgia for life before lockdown. The results of this study indicate that it is necessary to develop psychological and educational interventions to address the negative effects of the pandemic on teenagers. They also show the need to develop preventive programs to reduce the impact of future sanitary crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Psicología Iztacala is the property of Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this study is to make a quick assessment of the psychological resources and emotional distress of the general population locked down during the COVID-19 pandemic (in Catalonia, Spain), and to observe their evolution over the course of two waves during lockdown: at two weeks and at one month (April 1th to 3th and April 17th to 19th). The longitudinal study collected data from 29,231 participants aged 18 or older through an online platform who answered questions which evaluated: optimism, uncertainty, perceived competence, self-efficacy, emotional distress, current job situation, sadness and anger in conjunction with sociodemographic variables. The main results indicated that general beliefs about the future, uncertainty, and optimism, together with beliefs about one's own conduct, such as perceived competence when facing the situation or self-efficacy to maintain routines, could predict the emotional distress experienced by an individual. A clear gender pattern was found. Between the two waves, optimism, perceived competence to manage the situation and self-efficacy to maintain routines decrease, uncertainty grows, and emotional distress remains. Taking these results into account we can prevent possible emotional scars and offer coping strategies to overcome the pandemic and the future situations of confinement in a more efficient way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study assessed the psychometric properties of the Impact of Event Scale (IES) in a Spanish sample at increased risk of hereditary cancer and the contribution of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics to predict cognitive intrusions and avoidance. A total of 766 patients participated in this cross-sectional study. Psychometric analyses of the IES were performed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The influences of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were determined using multiple linear regression analyses. The exploratory analysis supported the original two-factor solution of the IES, and the confirmatory analysis added the cross-factor loading for item 12, characteristic for this population. Related to the socio-demographic and clinical variables, patient affected by cancer (β = -.19), sex (β = .15), previous psychiatric treatment (β = -.10), and age (β = -.08), were significant predictors of the intrusion subscale. Patient affected by cancer (β = -.19), sex (β = .13), and previous psychiatric treatment (β = -.14) were significant predictors of the avoidance subscale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given (2019) es un anime basado en la historia inédita de Natsuki Kizu y llevado a la mediana pantalla globalmente a través de Crunchyroll. Esta serie animada narra la historia de Mafuyu Sato, un adolescente que, frente a la incapacidad de afrontar la pérdida disruptiva de su pareja sentimental, decide vincularse a la banda de rock de Ritsuka Uenoyama, siendo este la figura coprotagónica que le enseñaría a Mafuyu (y a sí mismo) la importancia de la música como método de expresión y estrategia de afrontamiento ante la muerte y el duelo. Por lo anterior, el presente artículo pretende examinar los planteamientos narrativos de carácter psicológico presentes en el producto televisivo anteriormente mencionado, desde un enfoque cualitativo y considerando las categorías de género y desarrollo psicosocial.

Does exposure to events that transgress accepted norms, such as killing innocent civilians, prompt the psychological and emotional consequences of moral injury among soldiers? Moral injury is associated with negative emotions such as guilt, shame and anger, and a sense of betrayal and is identified among veterans following exposure to potentially morally injurious events (PMIE). We experimentally investigate how PMIE characteristics affect the intensity of MI and related negative moral emotions in participants with varied military experience. We conducted three controlled, randomized experiments. Each exposed male respondents with active combat experience (Study 1) and varied military experience (Study 2) to four textual vignettes describing PMIE (child/adult and innocent/non-innocent suspect) that transpire at an Israeli checkpoint in the West Bank. In study 3, we exposed participants to two scenarios, where descriptions of police officers enforcing COVID 19 restrictions confronted lockdown violators. Participants assigned to vignettes describing killing an innocent civilian exhibited more intense levels of shame and guilt than those assigned to vignettes describing killing a person carrying a bomb. Religiosity and political ideology were strong predictors of guilt and shame in response to descriptions of checkpoint shootings. These effects disappeared in Study 3, suggesting that political ideology drives MI in intergroup conflict. Background and PMIE-related characteristics affect the development of moral injury. Additionally, lab experiments demonstrate the potential and limitations of controlled studies of moral injury and facilitate an understanding of the aetiology of moral injury in a way unavailable to clinicians. Finally, experimental findings and methodologies offer further insights into the genesis of moral injury and avenues for therapy and prophylaxis. In three controlled experiments among participants with varied combat experience, morally injurious events characterized by killing innocent suspects triggered a greater degree of moral injury and related moral emotions than events characterized by killing non-innocent suspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the clinical utility of an electronic diary (ED) in the monitoring of the clinical manifestations of fibromyalgia (FM), compared to traditional paper-pencil self-reports. Fourteen women with FM completed an interview, several questionnaires, and an ED for a week (several times a day) recording pain, fatigue, sleep, difficulty in thinking, emotional distress, difficulty in daily functioning, coping with the disease, and stress. There were no differences in symptoms throughout the different moments of the day. A sleep latency of 45.36 minutes and sleep duration of 6.25 hours was observed. Significant correlations were found between ED measures depending on the time of day, and between ED measures and questionnaires. The ED showed to be useful for the evaluation of FM symptomatology and could be a key component in psychological intervention programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Psicología Iztacala is the property of Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction. The transition to parenthood can be a source of stress for fathers and, in some cases, it can be accompanied by emotional distress. This aspect has been neglected in Mexican research. Objective. To estimate the prevalence of emotional distress and the sociodemographic factors associated with it in Mexican fathers. Method. Cross-sectional study. A subsample of 997 fathers, over 18 years of age, was taken from the data of a national survey, whose partners were pregnant or had given birth in the last six months. The Kessler Emotional Distress Scale (K6) was used. Results. About 25% of the fathers experienced moderate emotional distress during their partner's pregnancy and 29.5% during the postpartum period; 1.0% and 1.9% showed serious emotional distress in those periods, respectively. Being between 18 and 29 years old (PR = .10; CI [.01, .79]), having lower educational attainment (PR = 5.59; CI [1.19, 26.21]), and going through postpartum (PR = 4.11; CI [1.00, 16.78]) were at higher risks for severe emotional distress; having one or two children (PR = .16; CI [.05, .55]) or more than three (PR = .08; CI [.01, .44]) was a higher risk than being a first-time father. Discussion and conclusion. It is necessary to continue studying paternal perinatal mental health due to the impact it has on the mother and the infant, and to design tailored interventions. Parental emotional distress needs to be better understood considering recent changes in the paternal role in developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Palobra is the property of Universidad de Cartagena and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Psicooncologia is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El trabajo expone el análisis de la relación entre la ausencia del cónyuge por migración y los malestares emocionales de su pareja, a partir de la pregunta ¿cómo se representan la ira y los nervios en una experiencia de conyugalidad a distancia en mujeres, parejas de migrantes de la comunidad de Caxuxi, Hidalgo, México? Las técnicas de recolección de datos de entrevista y mapeo corporal facilitaron profundizar en los malestares emocionales y en su vínculo con el cuerpo. No lograr controlar estos sentimientos genera tristeza y culpa, con lo cual la relación se ve afectada; la descripción de cómo ocurre es uno de los principales hallazgos de esta investigación.

Introducción: La atención psicosocial de las personas con enfermedad oncológica y la familia debe formar parte de todo modelo integral de atención que pretenda reducir el impacto vital del cáncer. Las intervenciones psicosociales han probado su eficacia en la ayuda a pacientes y familiares para afrontar las situaciones de alta complejidad psicosocial emergentes a consecuencia de un diagnóstico de cáncer. Objetivo: Definir y explicar el modelo de Atención Psicosocial del Comité Psicosocial del Instituto Catalán de Oncología (ICO) utilizando criterios de vulnerabilidad, complejidad y derivación; enmarcado y basado en los valores del ICO (centrados en las necesidades de pacientes con cáncer y sus familias). Método: El modelo que se presenta en este documento consta de cinco pilares: 1) Principios de la Práctica Psicosocial en Oncología; 2) Áreas de actuación en la Atención Psicosocial del paciente con cáncer y la familia; 3) Cribado de malestar emocional y derivación del paciente con cáncer y la familia para una atención psicooncológica específica; 4) Comité Psicosocial: (objetivos; funciones; organización; composición; disciplinas participantes; criterios de derivación y niveles de complejidad; y procedimiento); y 5) Índice de productividad. Resultados: Pacientes y familiares atendidos por el CPS mostraron mejoría estadísticamente significativa en los niveles del malestar emocional, pasando de una media inicial de 8,12/10 (EVA/ ENV) a una media 6,27/10 (EVA/ENV). Asimismo, se constata que las intervenciones derivadas del comité psicosocial redujeron el porcentaje de casos iniciales de alta complejidad, pasando de un 69,3% a un 49,3%. Conclusiones: El abordaje de la complejidad psicosocial mediante un modelo basado en criterios multi e interdisciplinarios consensuados ayuda en la toma de decisiones sobre las acciones a seguir y en la mejora del malestar emocional y complejidad de los pacientes y la familia.

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on emotional distress and disordered eating in a community sample of Spanish youngsters. A total of 2847 participants (95% women; aged 14-35) completed depression, anxiety, stress, self-esteem, and disordered eating measures. Given the small proportion of men and as significant differences were found between genders in several variables, most results were only reported for women. Severe levels of depression, anxiety and stress were found in 30.8%, 25.4% and 20.5% of the sample, respectively. Sleep quality, eating habits, appearance concerns, preoccupation about one's future, health concerns and other life domains were also affected by lockdown. Younger age, being single, being unemployed, not having contracted COVID-19 or not being sure about it, having a loved one infected or deceased due to coronavirus, and not having a place to relax at home were significantly associated with psychological distress and disordered eating. A structural equation model confirmed the direct influence of lockdown-related variables into psychopathology symptoms. The findings of this study suggest that COVID-19 and its associated lockdown might have a significant effect on psychological wellbeing and eating disturbances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The adverse consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health have been widely studied in recent months. However, few studies have examined the protective psychological factors that may explain how individuals are coping with the COVID-19 pandemic and its forced confinements. Objective: This study analyzes the impact of confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic on positive functioning variables (resilience, meaning of life, gratitude, compassion, life satisfaction), emotional distress (depression, anxiety, perceived stress, affect), and posttraumatic growth (PTG). The impact was measured during and after the first month of strict and obligatory confinement in Spain. Methods: The sample was composed of 438 Spanish residents (78.3% women) between the ages of 18 and 68 (M = 35.68; SD = 13.19) during the first stage (first two weeks) of confinement. The sample was reduced to 197 participants during the second stage (fifth week) of confinement. Several online self-reported questionnaires were administered to assess positive functioning variables, emotional distress, and PTG. Results: Women, youths, individuals without a partner, with lower monetary incomes, or diagnosed with a mental disorder or chronic illness experienced lower scores in positive functioning variables and greater emotional distress during the first stage of confinement. Linear mixed models showed that scores on positive functioning variables, emotional distress, and PTG worsened in the second stage of confinement. Nevertheless, a structural equations model showed that increases in positive functioning variables in the second stage were associated with increases in life satisfaction (R2 =.450) and related to decreases in emotional distress (R2 =.186), leading in turn to increases in PTG (R2 =.061). Conclusions: Individuals could experience PTG during strict and mandatory confinement. The increase in PTG during this adverse event was indirectly associated with increases in positive functioning variables (i.e. gratitude, presence of meaning, resilience), through improvements in life satisfaction and emotional distress. Increases in positive functioning variables (resilience, gratitude, meaning in life) were protective factors associated with the increase in life satisfaction, the decrease in emotional distress, and the increase in posttraumatic growth after strict and forced confinement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Psicooncologia is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Sociología is the property of Universidad de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction. At present, despite some advances in the legal rights of people with sexual-affective diversity, there are still related social prejudices. This fact is multiplied in the elderly, who have suffered a more homophobic education and a greater invisibility of their sexuality, so it is necessary to investigate in this population too. Method. 139 people participated, between 50 and 73 years old, with an average of 56.1 years old (SD=5.44), being 40.3% women and 59.7% men. 89.9% self-defined as heterosexual and 10.1% as non-heterosexual. All of them completed a questionnaire about the experience of their sexual orientation. Results. 50% of non-heterosexual people have felt rejectiondue to their sexual orientation, 42.9% have experienced discomfort, 28.6% suffered verbal violence and 14.3% physical violence. Thus, significant differences are observed between non-heterosexual and heterosexual people in various aspects related to their sexual orientation, being non-heterosexual those who show greater emotional distress (χ²=20.61, p.000), more doubts about their orientation (χ²=15.01; p.000), suffering more verbal violence (²=18.03; p.000) and more physical violence (χ²=18.11; p.000). Conclusions. These findings confirm that the social rejection of some sexual orientations can be a source of emotional discomfort, as well as a risk factor to be a victim of violence. In general, people with a non-heterosexual orientation would show greater emotional affectation and greater probability of suffering aggressions. In order to improve this situation, we should analyze what variables can mediate in these results to establish adequate prevention and intervention strategies throughout the life cycle.

Despite the importance of patients' psychological well-being in their own recovery from illness, few studies examine these issues while the patient is still in ICU. This study analyzes the psychological distress of 71 ICU patients and the potential risk/protective factors for such distress. Patients showed moderate anxiety and depression although in a significant percentage clinical symptomatology was observed. More than halve of the patients revealed an intermediate general stress level and the most important stressor was having pain. Regarding risk factors for psychological distress, being a woman increased the risk for anxiety, depression and stress. Being a septic patient also increased the risk of experiencing stress. Conversely, some protective factors were being married and younger. These data provide a landscape of the distress experienced by patients while they are still in ICU, which is important to optimize the attention provided in a context where time for intervention is rather limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: Conocer los recursos que poseen los padres afectados por cáncer al comunicar la enfermedad a sus hijos menores y su relación con el malestar emocional de estos pacientes. Método: Se evaluó el estilo de comunicación familiar mediante una subescala del FAD (Mc Master Family Assessment Device). Se elaboró un cuestionario específico para evaluar los recursos de los pacientes, donde cada ítem era valorado con una escala de 0 a 10 (siendo 0 nada en absoluto y 10, la máxima puntuación posible). También se utilizó una escala numérica de valoración del malestar emocional, en forma de un solo ítem (0-10). El conjunto de pruebas se aplicó a 60 pacientes de edades comprendidas entre los 34 y los 60 años todos ellos padres afectados de cáncer con hijos menores a su cargo. Resultados: Los recursos que parecen poseer en mayor medida los padres evaluados son los recursos relacionados con la gestión de la vida doméstica (media = 8,3), seguidos de los que hacen referencia a delegar a terceras personas los cuidados de sus hijos durante momentos difíciles. Al analizar con más profundidad estos dos recursos, detectamos que más del 80% de los padres de la muestra poseen el recurso relacionado con la gestión de la vida doméstica. Por el contrario, el recurso de como informar sobre la situación de enfermedad a los niños, lo tiene poco más de la mitad de los pacientes evaluados (55%). Los datos indican que existe una relación inversa entre la disponibilidad de este recurso y el nivel de malestar emocional, ya que los pacientes que consideran tener recursos para hablar de la enfermedad a sus hijos, presentan un menor malestar emocional. Conclusiones: Los padres recién diagnosticados de cáncer que plantean comunicar la situación de enfermedad a sus hijos menores, poseen más recursos para gestionar la vida doméstica y delegar el cuidado de sus hijos cuando lo precisan a terceras personas, que para informar sobre la enfermedad y sostener emocionalmente a sus hijos. Así mismo, el no disponer de recursos para comunicar el diagnóstico a los hijos se asocia con una mayor presencia de malestar emocional.

Introducción: Desde el Instituto Catalán de Oncología de Duran i Reinals, se desarrolla un modelo de Psicoterapia grupal Centrada en la Compasión” (PCC), enfocada a pacientes con cáncer en fase avanzada. El modelo trabaja constructos terapéuticos como “compasión” o “autocompasión”, junto a la atención consciente (mindfulness) para mejorar el bienestar emocional y ayudar al crecimiento personal y espiritual de estos pacientes. Objetivo: El presente estudio piloto tiene como objetivo evaluar la adecuación del nuevo modelo de PCC propuesto. Concretamente evalúa la adecuación de los constructos trabajados por la terapia, la existencia de nuevos temas relevantes para el paciente no contemplados en el modelo, y la consistencia global del modelo a nivel de estructura, tareas y contenido. Método: La metodología fue cualitativa, se grabó y transcribió un ciclo de 8 sesiones de PCC y se hizo un análisis temático del contenido de las sesiones. El análisis fue realizado por dos evaluadores de forma independiente. La muestra final estuvo formada por 9 pacientes. Resultado: Los resultados obtenidos indican que hay una buena adecuación de los constructos trabajados en la terapia y del modelo en general. Sin embargo, será necesario incluir el tema de las “relaciones interpersonales”, tema muy relevante para el paciente no contemplado en el modelo. Además, se obtuvo información sobre principales preocupaciones de los pacientes, dificultades a la hora de realizar algunas tareas propuestas y un feedback positivo de la propia psicoterapia y de su participación. Conclusiones: Este estudio piloto aporta información relevante que permite ajustar y mejorar la propuesta del modelo de PCC inicial.

Copyright of Revista Trabajo Social is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The emotional discomforts represent an important number of the affective problems of Mexican women. In most cases, these receive attention from people outside the specialists or from the staff of public health institutions. It is assured that only two out of every 30 subjects with three or more emotional disorders received specialized attention (Medina-Mora et al., 2003: 15). These data reflect, in our opinion, an aspect of the reality of life for many women in Chiapas and Mexico. There is an emotional suffering that is inscribed in the subjective life of people and that can not be dissociated from the social and cultural context of our time. While our general interest was to find explanations for the understanding of women's emotional distress, in this research the main objective was to find the causes of it. The space that refers most in the speeches of the women interviewed, as a place from which the emotional discomfort that they live, emerges is the space that is built in the family, specifically with the couple. There is a loving link or not. It is the type of relationship established with the couple that appears as an explanation of the discomfort they experience, a space still invested with relevance to their subjective life, based on the belief of mutual affection as a guarantor of stability and with a supposed permanence of reciprocity. The place of this experience of discomfort is the body, diverse sensations that fail to show an organic basis as a cause. The study is formulated from the phenomenological epistemology. The value of the research is in the experience of the emotional discomfort of the women studied, which is expressed through a discourse impregnated with representations and meanings that are analyzed and explained. The investigation takes place in two cities of the state of Chiapas: Tuxtla Gutiérrez and San Cristóbal de Las Casas, was carried out during the years 2015 and 2017. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advances in the early detection and treatment of cancer have led to an increase in the number of people who have overcome the disease, reaching 5% of the current population in our country. As indicated by the Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica [Spanish Society of Medical Oncology], this situation involves new challenges that require, among other things, the identification of and attention to the quality of life and the psychosocial needs of this growing population. The objective of this article is to reflect on the importance of comprehensive, specialized, and multidisciplinary care, in which the survivor has a more active participation. However, previously, the debate on the concept of the survivor, and a description of the physical, psychological, and social impact of cancer and its treatment are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advances in the early detection and treatment of cancer have led to an increase in the number of people who have overcome the disease, reaching 5% of the current population in our country. As indicated by the Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica [Spanish Society of Medical Oncology], this situation poses new challenges that require, among other things, the identification of and attention to the quality of life and the psychosocial needs of this growing population. The objective of this article is to reflect on the importance of comprehensive, specialized, and multidisciplinary care, in which the survivor has a more active participation; however, prior to this, the debate on the concept of the survivor, and a description of the physical, psychological, and social impact of cancer and its treatment are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The Distress Thermometer (DT) is one of the most used and studied screening tests of psychological distress in cancer patients. However, it includes many false positives. Furthermore, it has not been adequately studied with Spanish populations or with recently diagnosed patients. This research examines the diagnostic performance of the DT with a sample of Spanish recently diagnosed cancer patients. Method: The diagnostic performance of DT was assessed in a sample of 135 recently diagnosed cancer patients using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and a semi-structured diagnostic interview as gold standard. Results: The diagnostic performance of DT was acceptable (AUC=0.79) to detect psychological distress using the HADS as gold standard. The optimal cut-off score was 4 (Sensitivity=0.89; Specificity=0.56). The diagnostic performance of DT using the HADS plus the diagnostic interview as gold standard was good (AUC=0.86).The optimal cut-off score was 6 (sensitivity=0.82; Specificity=0.76). Discussion: The DT is an appropriate screening test to detect anxiety and depressive disorders in recently diagnosed cancer patients. Increasing the cut-off score up to 6 points boosts its specificity, proving to be more useful for the detection of clinically significant distress.

Objetivo: Actualmente no existen herramientas validadas para evaluar el malestar emocional en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica, pese a su alta prevalencia en todas las etapas de la patología. Este trabajo describe el desarrollo de un instrumento breve semiestructurado para la Evaluación del malestar Emocional de los pacientes renales en Diálisis (EE-D). Método: El EE-D incluye cinco preguntas con distintos formatos de respuesta (dicotómico, Likert y preguntas abiertas) para evaluar tristeza, ansiedad, preocupaciones, recursos para afrontar la enfermedad, signos externos de malestar y observaciones. Los ítems de la primera versión se sometieron a un estudio interjueces (N= 10). Posteriormente se realizó un estudio piloto multicéntrico (N= 25 pacientes en 5 hospitales). Resultados: Tras el estudio interjueces un ítem fue eliminado, y otro añadido. Tras el piloto no hubo modificaciones. La puntuación media (sobre 10) fue 4,16 (DT: 3,41) en tristeza y 3,68 (DT: 3,48) en ansiedad. El 48% refirió preocupaciones familiares, el 44% preocupaciones sobre su estado emocional-psicológico y el 40% sobre su enfermedad/tratamientos. Los principales recursos identificados fueron la esperanza en la posibilidad de trasplante y el apoyo social. A juicio de enfermería el 24% presentan expresión facial de malestar y el 16% otros signos de malestar. Discusión: El EE-D muestra unas garantías psicométricas preliminares. Ha sido distribuido en las Unidades de Diálisis de todo el territorio nacional con el objetivo de su implementación clínica en un marco investigador, lo que permitirá el desarrollo de futuros estudios de validación multicéntricos.

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Copyright of Psicooncologia is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En las últimas tres décadas, la incorporación de las mujeres a la vida económica, profesional y pública ha crecido en México, dando lugar a un cuestionamiento de los roles asignados tradicionalmente a este grupo. En este proceso de transformación se hace evidente la existencia de barreras, tanto estructurales como subjetivas, que pueden permear la vivencia de las mujeres y constituirse en factores que provocan malestar emocional y entorpecen el proceso de empoderamiento. Retomando la propuesta de diversas investigaciones en torno al tema, en el presente trabajo se realizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas en profundidad a mujeres residentes en la Ciudad de México, con el fin de conocer qué clase de barreras estructurales y subjetivas se hacen manifiestas cuando se transgreden los roles y estereotipos de género, y cómo dichas barreras generan o no malestar emocional en las participantes.

Objetivo: El cáncer actúa como un potente estresor psicológico, generando malestar emocional en los pacientes. Los modos de procesamiento de la información basados en rumiaciones constituyen un importante factor de vulnerabilidad para la aparición de dicho malestar. Sin embargo, las rumiaciones no han sido convenientemente estudiadas en pacientes con cáncer. El presente estudio analiza la relación existente entre rumiaciones y los síntomas ansiosos y depresivos en pacientes recién diagnosticados de cáncer. Método: Se evaluó una muestra de 71 pacientes oncológicos recién diagnosticados mediante la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria, la Escala de Respuestas Rumiativas, la Escala MOS de Apoyo Social y una entrevista clínica. Se analizaron las correlaciones entre rumiaciones, apoyo social, variables sociodemográficas y clínicas, y malestar emocional (tanto ansiedad como depresión). Se realizó un análisis de regresión múltiple con el fin de determinar las contribuciones específicas de cada variable en el modelo explicativo. Resultados: La sintomatología ansiosa correlacionó con rumiaciones, apoyo social, sexo y edad. La sintomatología depresiva correlacionó con rumiaciones y apoyo social. En el análisis multivariado la sintomatología ansiosa se asoció con las dos subescalas de rumiaciones y con el sexo, mientras que los síntomas depresivos se asociaron con la subescala de reproches. Conclusiones: Las rumiaciones se asocian con una mayor presencia de síntomas ansiosos y depresivos en pacientes con un diagnóstico reciente de cáncer, pudiendo constituir una diana terapéutica clave para la prevención del malestar emocional asociado al diagnóstico e inicio del tratamiento. Estudios longitudinales deben determinar el verdadero valor predictivo de las rumiaciones sobre el malestar emocional.

The National Comprehensive Cancer Network created in 1997 a multidisciplinar comission whit the aim to examine how integrate the psychosocial attention of cancer patient into the routine assessment of this patients. This group noted that distress, treated as emotional suffer was the best construct to show the variety of concerns experimented by the cancer patients free from the stigma of others concepts used to define emotional symptoms. This paper show the develop of a program called First Impact (Primer Impacto), consisting a psychosocial attention program which intends to respond immediately to all bio-psycho-social needs of newly diagnosed patient and their relatives. The assessment by a simple screening tool (semi-structured interview and the Distress Thermometer) lets us to give the first psychosocial cares. An exhaustive review of the available literature, our experience to present the necessary resources to an adequate implantation of a structured detection of distress protocol, and the results obtained from its implementation in different hospitals and the Spanish Association Against Cancer centers are provided.

Objetivo: Conocer los problemas de salud mental y de malestar psíquico de los pacientes con cáncer, las barreras que pueden incidir en su escasa detección y en la falta de atención psicológica específica a los pacientes que la precisan, así como las vías que clínicos e investigadores están desarrollando para solventarlas. Un conocimiento real de estos problemas facilitaría el diseño, implementación o mejora de los recursos asistenciales, para el paciente oncológico. Método: Revisión bibliográfica de las investigaciones sobre el tema en las últimas décadas. Resultados: Los pacientes con cáncer presentan elevada prevalencia de trastornos psicopatológicos y síntomas de ansiedad, depresión y malestar emocional (distress), en distintos momentos de la enfermedad, relacionados con diversos factores médicos, físicos, psicológicos y sociales. Los datos no permiten concluir sobre la prevalencia real puntual de dichos trastornos y síntomas, debido a las diferentes metodologías de investigación, y menos aun sobre su evolución durante la enfermedad, y en momentos posteriores a la misma, para conocer los posibles factores predictivos de empeoramiento o protección. Diversas barreras dificultan una adecuada evaluación psicológica a los pacientes con cáncer, lo que conlleva una falta de atención específica y especializada cuando se precisa, un empeoramiento clínico de esos pacientes, y dificultades de adherencia a los tratamientos médicos. Las vías de solución favorecidas en la última década son la formación a los profesionales sanitarios en herramientas de comunicación y el desarrollo de herramientas de detección de trastornos mentales y malestar emocional adecuadas a la realidad clínica de los pacientes, con resultados dispares. Conclusiones: Es preciso seguir mejorando los sistemas de detección de problemas de salud mental y de malestar emocional en pacientes oncológicos, para darles la atención psicológica específica cuando se precise. Un conocimiento real de estos problemas favorecerá el diseño de programas asistenciales especializados en psicooncología y psicología clínica. Es necesaria la coordinación y accesibilidad del psicólogo en los equipos médicos.

Lung cancer is the most common malignant disease and the principal cause of oncology death in Western countries. Its poor prognosis due to the difficulty of early diagnosis, causal attributions related to personal tobacco consumption and resulting symptoms, not only from the progress of the disease but also from the side effects of treatment, can cause high emotional distress and a decreased quality of life. The purpose of this paper is to review first the psychological problems found in patients suffering from non-small lung cancer susceptible to surgery treatment, and secondly, provide information about the assessment procedures most frequently used in this group of patients in order to establish a screening protocol to detect patients at risk for emotional distress. Based on existing data we recommended to assess emotional distress, pain and quality of life from the time of diagnosis and through all the process with the following assessment tools: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, EORTC QLQ C30 and LC13, and Brief Pain Inventory. With the results of the screening measure we should refer patients experiencing to the Psycho- Ooncology Unit.

The purpose of this research was to present the latest development of the The Perceived Emotional Distress Inventory (PEDI) as a brief 15-item self-report measure intended to be used for the assessment of psychological distress in cancer patients. Factor Analyses of Principal Components with promax rotations were performed with a combined male and female sample of 481 cancer patients at St. Joseph’s hospital Cancer Institute in Tampa, Florida, to provide further evidence of construct validity. The factor structure, internal consistency, and Pearson correlation coefficients of the PEDI are presented in this report. The factor analysis identified three factors comparable to those found in previous samples in USA: The first factor, anxiety/depression; second factor, hopelessness; and third factor, anger expression. Global alpha coefficient of 0.92 for the inventory indicates strong internal consistency. Pearson correlations between the subscales of the instrument is impressive for such a brief measure. This study emphasizes the need for a brief, self-report instrument to assess anger expression, anxiety, depression and hopelessness as components of perceived emotional distress in cancer patients, while explicitly excluding the potentially confounding effects of somatic symptoms commonly associated with cancer treatments. Further research will be needed to provide information about the PEDI’s use in populations other than cancer patients including attempts to replicate these findings in more heterogeneous populations.

El estudio es de carácter preliminar y tiene como objetivo describir los niveles de sintomatología de estrés post-traumático y estrés subjetivo en una muestra de 149 estudiantes universitarios de Copiapó, Chile Se utilizó una estrategia asociativa de tipo comparativa transversal y un diseño de grupos naturales. Se aplicó una encuesta sociodemográfi ca breve y los instrumentos: Escala de Gravedad de Síntomas del Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático (TEPT) y Escala de Impacto al Evento Revisada (EIE-R). Se observó que del total de la muestra el 2% presenta síntomas de estrés postraumático; el 85% presenta síntomas de mediana intensidad de impacto al evento y el 13.4% síntomas severos de estrés subjetivo. Se encontraron diferencias signifi cativas en los puntajes de las escalas en función de la variable grado de impacto emocional, TEPT, F(4, 144) = 17.81, p < .001 y EIE-R F(4, 144) = 17.96; p < .001 y grado de pérdida material, TEPT, F(5, 143) = 3.20, p < .01 y EIE-R, F(5, 43) = 3.26; p < .01. No se encontraron diferencias en las puntuaciones en función del sexo. Los resultados sugieren la existencia de baja prevalencia de estrés postraumático.