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Licai Miao,1,* Zihao Xu,1,* Junhao Sui,1,* Xiangyu Meng,1,* Shicheng Huo,2 Shu Liu,1 Mengchen Chen,1 Zhong Zheng,1 Xiaobin Cai,3 Hao Zhang1 1Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to the Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine Center, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiaobin Cai, Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613122575295, Email caixbjn@163.com Hao Zhang Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to the Navy Military Medical University, Tel +8613917856377, Email zhanghsmmu@126.comPurpose: Skin injury, often caused by physical or medical mishaps, presents a significant challenge as wound healing is critical to restore skin integrity and tissue function. However, external factors such as infection and inflammation can hinder wound healing, highlighting the importance of developing biomaterials with antibiotic and wound healing properties to treat infections and inflammation. In this study, a novel photothermal nanomaterial (MMPI) was synthesized for infected wound healing by loading indocyanine green (ICG) on magnesium-incorporated mesoporous bioactive glass (Mg-MBG) and coating its surface with polydopamine (PDA).Results: In this study, Mg-MBG and MMPI was synthesized via the sol-gel method and characterized it using various techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) system and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The cytocompatibility of MMPI was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), CCK8 assay, live/dead staining and F-actin staining of the cytoskeleton. The antibacterial efficiency was assessed using bacterial dead-acting staining, spread plate method (SPM) and TEM. The impact of MMPI on macrophage polarization was initially evaluated through flow cytometry, qPCR and ELISA. Additionally, an in vivo experiment was performed on a mouse model with skin excision infected. Histological analysis and RNA-seq analysis were utilized to analyze the in vivo wound healing and immunomodulation effect.Conclusion: Collectively, the new photothermal and photodynamic nanomaterial (MMPI) can achieve low-temperature antibacterial activity while accelerating wound healing, holds broad application prospects.Keywords: infection-related wounds, magnesium-doped bioactive glass, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, immunomodulation

This study aimed to investigate the effects of magnesium-doped bioactive glass (Mg-BG) on the mineralization, odontogenesis, and anti-inflammatory abilities of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Mg-BG powders with different Mg concentrations were successfully synthesized via the sol-gel method and evaluated using x-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Apatite formation was observed on the surfaces of the materials after soaking in simulated body fluid. hDPSCs were cultured with Mg-BG powder extracts in vitro, and no evident cytotoxicity was observed. Mg-BG induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression and mineralization of hDPSCs and upregulated the expression of odontogenic genes, including those encoding dentin sialophosphoprotein, dentin matrix protein 1, ALP, osteocalcin, and runt-related transcription factor 2. Moreover, Mg-BG substantially suppressed the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-4, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha). Collectively, the results of this study suggest that Mg-BG has excellent in vitro bioactivity and is a potential material for vital pulp therapy of inflamed pulps., (© 2024 IOP Publishing Ltd.)