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Lokalna skupnost je temeljna enota vsake družbe, s pojavom lokalne samouprave pa je lokalna skupnost dobila tudi formalno strukturo. Temelj lokalne samouprave je občina, ki je lokalni skupnosti dala normativni okvir. Ključna naloga vsake občine je, da opravlja javno službo in s tem poskrbi za zadovoljevanje osnovnih življenjskih potreb vsakega posameznika. S pojavom nove tehnologije se je poleg vsakdanjega življenja olajšalo tudi delovanje (javnih) institucij. Nove tehnologije pa so poleg priložnosti prinesle tudi številne grožnje, ki se v največji meri kažejo skozi ogrožanje kibernetske in informacijske varnosti. V magistrski nalogi tako obravnavam teoretska izhodišča kibernetske in informacijske varnosti, ki jih povežem z delovanjem občin oziroma občinskih uprav in javnih podjetij oziroma zavodov. Ti so namreč v večini slovenskih občin odgovorni za opravljanje javne službe. Največji poudarek pa je na študiji primera, kjer sem analiziral stanje kibernetske in informacijske varnosti v eni izmed slovenskih občin. Zaradi varnosti in občutljivih podatkov občina ni imensko poimenovana, ampak jo poimenujem občina A. The local community is the fundamental unit of every society, and with the emergence of local self-government, the local community also acquired a formal structure. The foundation of local self-government is the municipality, which provided the local community with a normative framework. The key task of every municipality is to perform a public service and thereby ensure the satisfaction of the basic life needs of every individual. With the emergence of new technology, the functioning of (public) institutions has become easier. In addition to opportunities, new technologies have also brought many threats, which are greatly manifested through threats to cyber and information security. In my master's thesis, I deal with the theoretical starting points of cyber and information security, which I connect with the operation of municipalities or municipal administration and public companies or institutions, that are responsible for the performance of public services in most Slovenian municipalities. The greatest emphasis is on the case study, where I analyzed the state of cyber and information security in one of the Slovenian municipalities. For security reasons and sensitive data, the municipality is not named directly, but I shall call it municipality A.

Permakultura je nastala ob koncu 70. let 20. stoletja v Avstraliji kot odgovor na čedalje vidnejšo okoljsko in socialno problematiko v svetu, v katerem je glavno vodilo gospodarska rast. Permakulturniki se zavzemajo za načrtovanje in vzpostavitev raznolikih, stabilnih, odpornih in naravnih človekovih habitatov in delovanje po etičnih načelih permakulture: skrb za Zemljo, skrb za ljudi in načelo pravične delitve dobrin. Ideja permakulture se je iz Avstralije širila po svetu. Med drugim tudi na Portugalsko, kjer se v zadnjih letih število permakulturnih projektov in ljudi, ki se permakulturnega načrtovanja poslužujejo, povečuje. Tak projekt je tudi permakulturna kmetija Quinta do Vale v župniji Benfeita, kjer sem opravil terensko raziskavo z namenom spoznati delovanje kmetije in značilnosti lokalne skupnosti. Na podlagi analize podatkov, ki sem jih pridobil s pomočjo opazovanja z udeležbo ter z intervjuji z lastnico kmetije, udeleženci PDC-ja in prebivalci lokalne skupnosti, sem ugotovil, da kmetija Quinta do Vale deluje po permakulturnih načelih, je do določene mere samooskrbna s hrano in energetskimi viri ter pomembno vpliva na lokalno skupnost. Permaculture was created at the end of the 1970s in Australia as a response to increasingly visible environmental and social problems in a world in which economic growth was the main guiding principle. Permaculturists are committed to planning and establishing diverse, stable, resilient and natural human habitats and operating according to the ethical principles of permaculture: care for the Earth, care for people, and the principle of fair sharing of goods. The idea of permaculture spread from Australia around the world. In Portugal, among others, the number of permaculture projects and people who use permaculture planning has been increasing in recent years. The Quinta do Vale permaculture farm in the parish of Benfeita is such a project. Here, I conducted field research, the purpose of which was to learn about the operation of the farm and the characteristics of the local community. Based on the analysis of data obtained through participant observation and interviews with the owner of the farm, PDC participants and residents of the local community, I found that the Quinta do Vale farm operates according to permaculture principles, is to a certain extent self-sufficient in food and energy resources, and has a significant impact on the local community.

Skokovit vzpon gospodarstva v zadnjih desetletjih je privedel do znatnega povečanja količine proizvedenega in potrošenega blaga, pri katerem se izrablja različne naravne vire in povečuje onesnaževanje. Posledice ekstraktivizma občutijo predvsem gospodarsko in politično manj stabilne države. Prikazane bodo na primerih v kraju Gunjur v Gambiji, kjer je bila opravljena terenska raziskava, na kateri temelji vsebina diplomskega dela. Preučevani območji sta bili peskokop in tovarna za predelavo rib Golden Lead, ki se nahajata na obrobju Gunjurja in imata neposreden vpliv tako na okolje kakor na prebivalce. Na podlagi analize rezultatov anketnega vprašalnika, ki je bil izveden med terenskim delom, in opazovanja z udeležbo bodo predstavljeni odnos prebivalcev do tovarne, peskokopa in splošno do okolja njihovo razumevanje pojma »varstvo okolja« ter vloga okoljevarstvenih organizacij, delujočih v lokalni skupnosti, in njihova interakcija z lokalnim prebivalstvom, pri čemer bo ena organizacija podrobneje predstavljena. The rapid economic upturn in the last decades has led to a significant increase in the amount of goods produced and consumed, where different natural resources are exploited and pollution is increased. The consequences of extractivism are felt mainly in economically and politically less stable countries. These are presented on cases in Gunjur in The Gambia, where field research has been conducted, on which the content of the thesis is based. The studied areas were a sandpit and fishmeal plant Golden Lead, located on the outskirts of Gunjur and which influence the environment as well as the population directly. The attitude of local people towards the factory, sandpit and the environment in general, their understanding of the concept of “environmental preservation”, the role of environmental organisations that are active in the local community, with one organisation being presented in detail, and their interaction with the locals are presented. All the work is based on the analysis of the results of the survey questionnaire conducted during the field work, and participatory observation.

V zaključni seminarski nalogi smo preučili vlogo mladih pri soustvarjanju podeželja v občini Kidričevo. Preverili smo, koliko aktivirani mladi (ne)posredno sodelujejo pri razvoju lokalne skupnosti s tem, ko uporabljajo znanja, izkušnje in spretnosti, pridobljene v treh zanje ključnih okoljih (družina, šola, prosti čas). Razvojni dokumenti mlade pogosto dojemajo le kot ciljno skupino določenih ukrepov in ne kot enakovrednih nosilcev razvoja podeželja. Analiza občinskih proračunov dokazuje, da občina Kidričevo skrbi za podporo mladih tako neposredno (z žepnino in neposrednimi finančnimi spodbudami) kot tudi posredno (preko financiranja društev in osnovnega šolstva). Pomanjkljivosti kabinetnih metod smo skušali popraviti s pomočjo polstrukturiranega intervjuja s predstavniki izbranih osmih društev in z županom. Z anketiranjem mladih v občini (N=354) smo pridobili informacije o razumevanju in interesu za izbrane civilno-politične teme, se seznanili z društveno in prostovoljsko aktivnostjo mladih ter preučili vpliv družine, občine in šole nanjo spoznali glavne izzive, s katerimi se mladi soočajo, ter predloge, ki jih imajo za izboljšanje stanja. Mladi so se izkazali za precej aktivne, kar dokazujejo močne lokalne prostovoljske mreže, četudi v njih mladi nimajo vedno odločilne vloge. V lokalni skupnosti sodelujejo tako neposredno (kot nosilci razvoja) kot tudi posredno (kot usmerjevalci razvoja). Na podlagi izsledkov smo na koncu podali tudi predloge za učinkovitejšo aktivacijo mladih in drugih lokalnih potencialov. In this diploma thesis, we examined the role young people have in the co-creation of the rural areas in the Municipality of Kidričevo. We examined the extent to which active young people (in)directly participate in the development of the local community by using the knowledge, the experience, and the skills acquired in three key environments (family, school, leisure time). Development documents often perceive young people only as a target group for certain measures and not as equal drivers of rural development. The analysis of the municipal budget proves that the Municipality of Kidričevo takes care of supporting young people both directly (pocket money, direct financial incentives) and indirectly (through the financing of associations and of primary education). We tried to surpass the shortcomings of desk research methods through a semi-structured interview with representatives of eight selected societies and the mayor. By surveying young people from the municipality (N = 354), we obtained information on their interest in and their understanding of selected civic and political topics, got acquainted with the social and volunteering of young people and studied the impact of family, municipality, and school on it we identified the main challenges they face and and listened to their suggestions for improvement. Young people from the municipality have proven to be very active, the strong local volunteering network serving as proof of it, even though they do not always play a decisive role in them. They participate in the local community both directly (as development drivers) and indirectly (as development guides). Based on our results, we also made suggestions for a more effective activation of young people and other local potentials.

Socialno podjetništvo je pristop v socialni ekonomiji, ki je v Sloveniji vedno bolj priljubljen. Osredotoča se na dobrobit družbe in reševanje družbenih in socialnih problemov ter spodbuja inovativnost. Za razliko od klasičnega podjetništva, njihov cilj ni usmerjen zgolj v ustvarjanje dobička, ampak se v večini primerov financira iz javnih sredstev, finančna sredstva pa lahko pridobijo tudi s pomočjo donacij, sponzorstev, sofinanciranj ipd. Na uspešno delovanje in razvoj socialnega podjetja vpliva tudi lokalno okolje, ki lahko socialno podjetja spodbuja, v nekaterih primerih pa tudi ovira. V nalogi se osrednje problemsko vprašanje nanaša na spodbude in ovire, ki so jih socialna podjetja deležna s strani lokalnega okolja v času njihovega razvoja. Kvantitativne podatke sem pridobila s pomočjo spletne ankete, ki sem jo posredovala vsem socialnim podjetjem v Sloveniji, ki so bili vpisani v Evidenco socialnih podjetij 31.12.2019 in katerih elektronske naslove sem pridobila. Ugotovila sem, s kakšnimi ovirami so se socialna podjetja soočala v začetkih poslovanja in s kakšnimi ovirami se soočajo pri trenutnem poslovanju ter kako so le-te reševali oz. jih rešujejo. Izvedela sem tudi, kako so določeni členi lokalne skupnosti, kot so npr. občina, krajevne skupnosti, lokalna podjetja, vzgojno-izobraževalne ustanove, centri za socialno delo, socialno varstveni zavodi, lokalna društva in občani ovirali oz. spodbujali razvoj socialnega podjetja v začetkih poslovanja ,in kako jih ovirajo oz. spodbujajo pri trenutnem poslovanju. Prav tako sem ugotovila, kakšne so potrebe socialnih podjetij po podpori s strani lokalnega okolja. Opravljena raziskava je pokazala, da se je 90% vprašanih socialnih podjetij skozi svoj razvoj srečalo z eno ali več ovirami, največ pa jih je izpostavilo težave s financiranjem. Socialna podjetja te ovire rešujejo z boljšo promocijo socialnega podjetja in z izboljšanjem sodelovanja z občino. Lokalna okolja v 94% delno ali v celoti podpirajo socialna podjetja, največ podpore pa socialna podjetja opažajo s strani občin in posameznikov. Z raziskavo sem ugotovila, da bi pri spodbujanju socialnega podjetništva lahko pomagali tudi socialni delavci z oglaševanjem in ozaveščanjem lokalne skupnosti, ki je po pridobljenih podatkih premalo ozaveščena o socialnem podjetništvu, saj imajo socialni delavci stik z ljudmi, ki bi morda potrebovali storitve oz. izdelke socialnih podjetij. Social entrepreneurship is an approach in the social economy that is becoming increasingly popular in Slovenia. It focuses on the well-being of society and the solution of social problems, and promotes innovation. Unlike traditional entrepreneurship, their goal is not only to generate profit. In most cases, social enterprises are financed from public funds, and financial resources can also be obtained through donations, sponsorships, co-financing, etc. The successful operation and development of a social enterprise is also influenced by the local environment, which can encourage or in some cases hinder social enterprises. In the thesis, the central problem question refers to encouragements and obstacles that social enterprises receive from local environment during their development. I obtained quantitative data with the help of an online survey, which I forwarded to all social enterprises in Slovenia that were entered in the Evidenca socialnih podjetij 31.12.2019 and whose e-mail addresses I obtained. I found out what obstacles social enterprises faced in the beginning of their business and what obstacles they face in their current business and how they solved them. I also learned how certain element of the local community, such as municipality, local companies, educational institutions, centers for social work, social welfare institutions, local associations and citizens hindered or encouraged the development of social enterprises in the beginning of business and how they hinder or encourage them in current business. I also found out what are the needs of social enterprises for support from the local environment. The survey showed that 90% of the surveyed social enterprises encountered one or more obstacles during their development, and most of them pointed out problems with financing. Social enterprises solve these obstacles by better promoting the social enterprise and by improving cooperation with the municipality. Local environments are 94% partially or fully support social enterprises, but most support social enterprises receive from municipalities and individuals. In the research I found out that social workers could also help promote social entrepreneurship by advertising and raising awareness of the local community, which according to the data is insufficiently aware of social entrepreneurship, as social workers have contact with people who may need services or products that are provided by local social enterprises.

Zagotavljanje varnosti v lokalnih skupnostih je, zaradi raznoterih groženj in raznolikih varnostnih potreb, zahtevna naloga. V proces zagotavljanja varnosti se zato vključujejo različni deležniki, med katere uvrščamo tudi prebivalce, ki lahko skozi sodelovanje z varnostnimi organi in samozaščitnim ravnanjem prispevajo k večji osebni varnosti in kakovosti bivanja v lokalnih skupnostih. Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti koncept samozaščitnega ravnanja in njegovo vlogo v sistemu zagotavljanja varnosti v lokalnih skupnostih ter raziskati značilnosti samozaščitnega ravnanja prebivalcev v večji slovenski občini. V teoretičnem delu so predstavljeni subjekti zagotavljanja varnosti v lokalnih skupnostih, vloga prebivalcev v preventivnih dejavnostih in dejavniki, ki vplivajo na njihovo samozaščitno ravnanje, v empiričnem delu pa kvantitativna raziskava, izvedena med respondenti iz Mestne občine Kranj. Rezultati raziskave, v kateri smo analizirali, kako respondenti skrbijo za varnost svojih domov, prevoznih sredstev in kakšno je njihovo preventivno ravnanje, kažejo, da je njihovo samozaščitno ravnanje dobro razvito ter da se v svojem domu in soseski počutijo varno. Za varnost svojih domov in prevoznih sredstev najpogosteje poskrbijo z uporabo mehanskih sredstev (kot so ograje in ključavnice), medtem ko je uporaba finančno zahtevnejših ukrepov (kot so storitve varnostnih služb) manj pogosta. Preventivno ravnanje respondentov se izraža tudi s sosedskim sodelovanjem. Izmed različnih deležnikov so najbolj zadovoljni z delom policije, najmanj pa z delom občinskih redarjev. Ugotovili smo, da pri uporabi različnih ukrepov med demografskimi skupinami respondentov večinoma ne prihaja do statistično značilnih razlik. Ugotovitve raziskave so uporabne za razumevanje značilnosti samozaščitnega ravnanja prebivalcev, njihovega doprinosa k strategijam preprečevanja kriminalitete ter načrtovanje pristopov za spodbujanje prebivalcev k sodelovanju pri zagotavljanju večje varnosti v lokalnih skupnostih. Ensuring security in local communities is a challenging task because of the variety of threats and the diversity of security needs. As a result, different agents are involved in the security process, including residents who can, through cooperation with security authorities and self-protective actions, contribute to greater personal security and quality of life in local communities. The purpose of the thesis is to present the concept of self-protection and its role in the system of ensuring security in local communities, and to investigate the characteristics of self-protective measures of residents in a larger Slovenian municipality. The theoretical part presents the subject of ensuring security in local communities, the role of the residents in prevention activities, and the factors influencing their self-protection measures. The empirical part focuses on quantitative research conducted among respondents from the Municipality of Kranj. The results of the study in which we analyzed how the respondents take care of the security of their homes, means of transport, and what their preventive actions are like, show that the self-protection of the respondents is well developed and that they feel safe in their homes and their neighborhoods. For the security of their homes and means of transportation they most often provide by the use of mechanical means (such as fences and locks), while the use of more financially demanding measures (such as security services) is less common. Preventive actions of the respondents are also expressed through cooperation with neighbors. Among the various agents, they are the most satisfied with the work of the police, and least of all with the work of the municipal wardens. It was found that the use of various measures among the demographic groups of respondents mostly do not show statistically significant differences. The findings of the research are useful for understanding the characteristics of self-protective measures, their contribution to strategies of crime prevention, and for planning approaches to encourage people to participate in ensuring greater security in local communities.

V lokalni skupnosti so športna društva ključni nosilci vključevanja vseh slojev prebivalstva v organizirane oblike redne vadbe in sistematične vzgoje otrok in mladine, usmerjenih v kakovostni in vrhunski šport. Zdrav življenjski slog in osebnostni razvoj mladih skozi športno udejstvovanje sta zagotovili za dvig ravni splošnega družbenega razvoja lokalnega okolja. Da bi analizirali stanje razmerij med Občino Črnomelj in športnimi društvi, smo se usmerili v analizo trenutnega stanja in možnimi predlogi izboljšav. V diplomskem delu smo obravnavali dinamiko ustanavljanja športnih društev v občini Črnomelj, zakonodajne opredelitve položaja športnih društev v nekaterih evropskih državah, na naši nacionalni in lokalni ravni, športna društva v javnem interesu na obeh navedenih ravneh. Primerjali smo višine sofinanciranja športnih društev iz javnih sredstev z nekaterimi sosednjimi občinami. Ugotovitve smo oblikovali s pomočjo dokumentarnih virov organov lokalne skupnosti in intervjuja z županom. Športna društva v občini Črnomelj imajo precejšnje težave zagotavljanja finančnih sredstev za realizacijo strokovnih programov. Občina Črnomelj že dvajset let izvaja Javne razpise za sofinanciranje športa, vendar se delež sredstev občinskega proračuna za te namene že nekaj časa realno zmanjšuje. Večja športna društva si morajo letno večino svojih sredstev pridobiti iz naslova sponzorstev in donatorstev ter drugih virov, kar zahteva veliko naporov. V prihodnje bi bilo potrebno bistveno izboljšati redne oblike komunikacije med strokovnimi službami občine in društev, opredeliti vsebinske izboljšave za organizacijsko učinkovitejše delovanje društev. Določene možnosti obstajajo tudi pri sodelovanju društev na javnih razpisih za sofinanciranje športa na nacionalni ravni, pri čemer bi lahko z ustrezno asistenco strokovne službe bile v pomembno pomoč društvom. In the local community, sports clubs present a focal point of engaging all sections of the population in organized regular physical activity however, they also provide systematic education and training for children and youth, guiding them towards competitive and professional sport. A healthy lifestyle and personal development of young people through engagement in sporting activities is beneficial for improving general social development of the local community. To analyse the relationship between the Municipality of Črnomelj and local sports clubs, I conducted an analysis of the current situation and suggested possible improvements. This thesis deals with the dynamics of establishing sports clubs in the Municipality of Črnomelj, the legislative definitions of sports clubs at national and local levels and their public interest, as well as the legislative definitions of sports clubs in some other European countries. I also compared public funding provided for sports clubs in the neighbouring municipalities. My findings are based on documentary resources from local authorities. The interview with the current mayor, Mr Andrej Kavšek, gave me an insight into his policies regarding future improvements of the current situation. The sports clubs in the Municipality of Črnomelj are facing significant difficulties in providing sufficient financial funds for the realization of their professional programmes. The Municipality of Črnomelj has been issuing public tenders for sports programmes co-funding for the past twenty years however, the municipal budget share for sports has been declining in real terms. Bigger sports clubs have to find sponsorships, donations and other funding sources to cover most of their yearly expenses, which requires considerable efforts. In the future, improvements should be made regarding communication between the local authorities and the clubs, as well as more efficient organization of sports clubs functioning should be established. There are some possibilities for local sports clubs to participate in the national public tenders for sports funds, where local authorities could provide valuable help and guidance to local sports clubs. I will present my thesis to the Mayor of the Municipality of Črnomelj or his staff, who could use the findings in my thesis to develop fundamental measures for improving the status and development of sports programmes in local sports clubs.

Namen prispevka: Prispevek predstavlja subjekte, ki delujejo na področju zagotavljanja varnosti v lokalni skupnosti, ter dejavnike preprečevanja kriminalitete, in sicer: policijsko delo v skupnosti, kriminalna žarišča, sodelovanje občanov in strah pred kriminaliteto. Namen prispevka je predstaviti študijo primera Mestne občine Murska Sobota, v okviru tega pa tudi romsko skupnost na tem območju. Metode: V članku smo predstavili pregled najbolj relevantnih študij s področja zagotavljanja varnosti v lokalnih okoljih ter analizirali statistične podatke iz letnih poročil policije. Opravili smo tudi strukturirana intervjuja z vodjo policijskega okoliša in z romskim svetnikom. Ugotovitve: V študiji Mestne občine Murska Sobota smo ugotovili, da gre za varno lokalno skupnost, kar potrjujejo tudi razgovori z deležniki zagotavljanja varnosti in policijska statistika (od leta 2011 do leta 2015), ki kaže tudi na visoko preiskanost kaznivih dejanj na PU Murska Sobota. Na področju zagotavljanja varnosti je v občini veliko narejenega, od izvedbe raznih konferenc, okroglih miz, delavnic do drugih projektov. Praktična uporabnost: Študija primera zagotavljanja varnosti v Mestni občini Murska Sobota je korak k raziskovanju zagotavljanja varnosti v lokalni skupnosti, hkrati pa ponuja analizo stanja romske skupnosti na tem območju. Izvirnost/pomembnost prispevka: Izvirnost članka se kaže v študiji primera dobre prakse, ki ga predstavlja Mestna občina Murska Sobota. Iz ugotovitev je možno črpati tudi znanje, ki ga je možno prenesti na podobne situacije. Purpose: This article represents the subjects which are active in the field of safety/ security provision in local community and the factors that affect crime prevention. These are: community policing, crime hotspots, cooperation of the inhabitants and fear of crime. The purpose of this article is to present the case study of the city Murska Sobota, including the Roma community in this area. Design/Methods/Approach: In the article a literature review of the most relevant studies in the field of security in local community is presented and the police statistics are analysed. We have also conducted a structured interview with the community policing officer and the Roma councillor. Findings: In case study of the city Murska Sobota we established that it is a safe local community, which is confirmed by the interviews with the stakeholders of local safety provision and by police statistics (from 2011 to 2015), which indicate high crime clearance rate. In the field of provision of safety quite a lot has been done in this area: organisation of various conferences, meetings, workshops and other projects. Practical Implications: The case study of safety provision in the city of Murska Sobota is a good way of studying provision of safety in local community and at the same time it offers an analysis of the state of the Roma community in this area. Originality/Value: The originality of the article is reflected in the case of good practice represented by the city of Murska Sobota. It is also possible to extract knowledge that can be transferred to similar situations.

olicija je v preteklem desetletju uspešno implementirala model policijskega dela v skupnosti in naredila pomemben korak k varnejši lokalni skupnosti, o čemer priča tudi zadovoljstvo Pomurcev z delom policije (Petek in Eman, 2018). Uspešnemu projektu policijskega dela v skupnosti Nazaj k ljudem so sledili še Akademija detektiva Frančeka v Termah Banovci, projekt Družina v prometu v sodelovanju z osnovnimi šolami, preventivni projekti Pobarvali bomo, Soboški bicikl in Skupaj premagovali ovire za slepe v Mestni občini Murska Sobota (MO Murska Sobota), projekt Hvala, ker ne uporabljate mobilnega telefona ter ne nazadnje tudi usposabljanje policistov za delo z AED in pomoč pri srčnem zastoju. PU MS se lahko pohvali tudi z aktivnim sodelovanjem v dobrodelnih akcijah, med katerimi je najbolj znan letni koncert Orkestra slovenske policije, kjer zbrana sredstva podarijo pomoči potrebnim otrokom v regiji. Poleg aktivnega sodelovanja z lokalno skupnostjo PU MS skrbi tudi za svoje zaposlene, pri čemer najbolj izstopa projekt Promocija zdravja na delovnem mestu, ki je dobil državno priznanje za najboljšo dobro prakso na področju varnosti in zdravja pri delu ter priznanje Agencije EU za zdravo in varno delovno okolje za vse generacije. Praktična uporabnost: PU MS je nedvomno primer dobre prakse policijskega dela v skupnosti, ki lahko služi kot model za druge. Nedvomno pa si mora pomurska policija tudi v prihodnje prizadevati in biti dosegljiva ter vidna ljudem, da bodo tudi ljudje pripravljeni sodelovati z njo. Izvirnost/pomembnost prispevka: Prispevek predstavi prvi primer dobre prakse policijskega dela v skupnosti v slovenskem prostoru, ki je uporabna tako za slovensko policijo kot tudi lokalne skupnosti in druge deležnike na področju zagotavljanja varnosti v lokalni skupnosti. Purpose: The primary purpose of community policing is to actively cooperate with the residents and, consequently, better ensure safety/security in the local community. The aim of the paper is to present Police Directorate Murska Sobota (PD MS) as an example of good practice of police cooperation with residents. Design/Methods/Approach: Using the method of the case study, the community policing in the PD MS in the Pomurje area is analysed and described. Findings: In the past decade, the Police in Pomurje successfully implemented a model of community policing and made an important step towards a safer local community. This is evident also from the satisfaction of the residents in Pomurje with the work of the police (Petek and Eman, 2018). The successful project of police work in the community entitled Back to the people was followed by the project Academy of the Detective Franček in the Spa Banovci, the project Family in traffic in cooperation with elementary schools, preventive projects

V diplomskem delu smo obravnavali kriminaliteto na območju PP Šentilj. Kot osrednjo temo smo predstavili statistične podatke gibanja kriminalitete na PP, uspešnost preiskovanja s strani policije ter njihovo sodelovanje z lokalno skupnostjo. Upoštevani so bili statistični podatki policije za šestletno obdobje (2013 do 2018). Analizirali smo statistične podatke za posamezna leta, ki smo jih nato primerjali med seboj, s podatki drugih primerljivih PP in podatki za celotno Slovenijo, pri čemer smo ugotovili, da so glede na statistične podatke varnostne razmere na območju PP Šentilj ugodne in da je stopnja varnosti na visoki ravni. Policija je brez sodelovanja in pomoči lokalne skupnosti manj uspešna pri reševanju problemov zatiranja kriminalitete in opravljanja drugih nalog na področju varnosti, zaradi česar se usmerja v skupnost usmerjeno policijsko delo. Policisti PP Šentilj zaradi kadrovskega primanjkljaja v zadnjih letih ne morejo do potankosti slediti usmeritvam v skupnost umerjenega dela. PP Šentilj kljub temu uspešno sledi svojemu poslanstvu po zagotavljanju čim večje stopnje varnosti z nenehnim prilagajanjem na varnostne izzive, saj so s svojim delom pomembno pripomogli k ugodnim varnostnim razmeram na območju PP Šentilj. Zavedati se moramo, da je v našem življenjskem in delovnem okolju veliko odklonskih dejavnikov in pojavov, ki zmanjšujejo občutek varnosti. Največjo grožnjo varnosti predstavlja prav kriminaliteta, ki ves čas predstavlja izzive, kako se z njo spopadati. Vrsto nalog za zagotovitev te dobrine v prvi vrsti opravlja policija, ki je za to tudi poklicana. Poleg nje pa morajo svoj delež za zagotavljanje varnosti prispevati tudi vsak posameznik, lokalna skupnost in druge institucije. Varnost je za človeka zelo pomembna vrednota. Vsak posameznik stremi k temu, da doživlja občutek varnosti in se počuti varno. Gre za potrebo, ki jo posameznik želi zadovoljiti, po drugi strani pa tudi za javno dobrino, do katere ima po Ustavi Republike Slovenije pravico vsakdo. Varnost je vrednota, ki je in mora biti v družbi cenjena in spoštovana. In the following thesis we examined the data on criminality in the jurisdiction area of the Police station Šentilj. The main subjects of the examination are the statistical data on the tendencies of criminality in the jurisdiction area of the PS Šentilj, the successfulness of its police investigations and their involvement with the local community. The provided statistical data was gathered over a six-year period (from 2013 to 2018). We analysed and sorted the statistical data by year and compared them individually, with data from other comparable police stations and the general data on criminality in Slovenia. We have come to the conclusion that, in regards with the general statistical data, the security situation in the PS Šentilj jurisdiction area is favourable and the degree of security is on a high level. The police force is, without the cooperation and help of the local community, less successful at solving problems, at supressing criminality and at other tasks regarding safety and security. Therefore, the police orient themselves toward implementing community policing. The police officers of the PS Šentilj are unable to fully implement community policing standards due to an ongoing staff shortage. Despite that, the PS Šentilj successfully accomplishes its mission to provide the highest possible degree of safety and security, with successful and regular adjustments towards safety challenges. Through their work, the police officers significantly aid towards the establishment of a favourable security situation in the PS Šentilj jurisdiction area. We must be aware of the fact that there are various factors of deviance and other occurrences that reduce the feeling of safety and security in our living and working environments. The greatest threat to safety and security is exactly criminality, which constantly issues challenges and requires us to make suitable responses. The various tasks for providing safety and security are carried out by the police force, which is professionally qualified for such work. Beside the police force and their work, individuals, the local community and other institutions must also contribute their share to provide safety and security for all. Safety is a very important value for human beings. Everyone strives to feel safe and secure. This feeling is a basic human need that individuals aim to fulfil, but it is also a public good, regulated by the Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia, according to which, every citizen has a right to safety and security. The feeling of safety and security is a value that must be respected and treasured in our society.

The contribution's aim is highlighting the differences in understanding non-governmental organizations' (NGOs) role in the mental health area within the public support network for patients with mental health problems from various viewpoints, in order to achieve progress in supporting patients with mental health problems in local communities.Qualitative data gathered as a part of a cross-sectional study of NGOs in the support network for patients with mental health problems in two Slovenian health regions (56 local communities), carried out in 2013 and 2014, were used. Qualitative analysis of interviews, focus groups and answers to an open survey question was performed.There are differences in understanding NGOs' role in the support network for patients with mental health problems, which stem from the roles of stakeholders (local community officials, experts, care providers, and patients) within this system and their experience.The actual differences need to be addressed and overcome in order to provide integrated community care. The importance of knowing the current state of NGOs in their life cycle and the socio-chronological context of the local community support network is evident.Namen prispevka je predstaviti razumevanje vloge nevladnih organizacij v podporni mreži na področju duševnega zdravja z različnih zornih kotov, da bi bil dosežen napredek pri podpori pacientom z težavami v duševnem zdravju v lokalnih skupnostih. Cilj raziskave je bil ugotoviti, katere so vloge nevladnih organizacij, ki jih priznavajo zainteresirane strani v podporni mreži za paciente s težavami v duševnem zdravju, da bi bile prepoznane priložnosti za izboljšanje kakovosti dela in sodelovanje ljudi, ki delujejo v tej mreži. Temeljno raziskovalno vprašanje je bilo: Kakšne so razlike v razumevanju vloge nevladnih organizacij na področju duševnega zdravja v okviru javne podporne mreže za paciente s težavami v duševnem zdravju v Sloveniji z vidika različnih udeležencev?Uporabljeni so bili kvalitativni podatki, zbrani kot del presečne raziskave nevladnih organizacij v podporni mreži za paciente s težavami v duševnem zdravju v dveh slovenskih zdravstvenih regijah (56 lokalnih skupnosti) v letih 2013 in 2014, ki je potekala fazno s kombinacijo kvantitativnih in kvalitativnih metod ter z razvitimi instrumenti za zajemanje podatkov s perspektive več skupin udeležencev: uslužbencev v javni upravi, strokovnjakov s področja duševnega zdravja, neposrednih izvajalcev ter pacientov. Za potrebe tega članka je bil oblikovan analitični model kvalitativne analize intervjujev, fokusnih skupin in odgovorov udeležencev na odprta anketna vprašanja, ki je temeljil na tem, koliko so odgovori udeležencev upoštevali znanstveno in politično teorijo o vlogi nevladnih organizacij v podporni mreži za duševno zdravje.Obstajajo razlike v razumevanju vloge nevladnih organizacij v podporni mreži za paciente s težavami v duševnem zdravju, ki izhajajo iz vloge deležnikov v okviru tega sistema in iz njihovih izkušenj. Sistematično se kažejo v večji ali manjši kritičnosti do nevladnih organizacij z vidika pomembnosti za pacienta ali možnih tveganj. Udeleženci so v skupnem pogledu sintetizirali idealni tip vloge nevladne organizacije, kot je formulirana v znanstveni in socialnopolitični teoriji, vendar pa je razumevanje posameznih interesnih skupin omejeno.Treba je obravnavati dejanske razlike in jih premagati, da bi zagotovili celovito skupnostno skrb na področju duševnega zdravja. Pomen poznavanja trenutnega stanja nevladnih organizacij in družbenega kronološkega okvira podporne mreže lokalnih skupnosti je očiten. Obstajajo možnosti za razvoj razumevanja vloge nevladnih organizacij v okviru podporne mreže izvajalcev in storitev na področju duševnega zdravja. Izboljšano vzajemno poznavanje, stalna komunikacija in objektivno ocenjevanje vlog vseh zainteresiranih strani v skupnostni skrbi so priložnosti za sodelovanje med izvajalci, uporabniki storitev in lokalnimi skupnostmi. Prispevek je treba razumeti kot delno analizo neposredne prakse, ki jo je treba preveriti z nadaljnjimi raziskavami.

Izhodišče in namen: Pri starostnikih je demenca pogosta bolezen. Starostna meja se iz leta v leto povečuje, zato demenca strmo narašča in predstavlja velik problem na svetovni ravni. Diplomirane medicinske sestre v patronažnem varstvu se pogosto srečujejo z demenco v domačem okolju, kar predstavlja izziv za zdravstveno nego. Raziskovalne metode: Uporabili smo kvalitativno metodologijo raziskovanja. Podatke smo zbrali s pol-strukturiranim intervjuji in jih vsebinsko opredelili. Pridobljene intervjuje smo obdelali in podatke opisno predstavili. Intervjuje smo izvedli z diplomiranimi medicinskimi sestrami v patronažnem varstvu. Potekali so anonimno, z možnostjo odklonitve. Sodelovalo je 10 diplomiranih medicinskih sester. Rezultati: Združili smo kode, ki smo jih deskriptivno opisali ter združili v štiri teme: zdravstvena obravnava dementnega starostnika na domu pristopi, ki jih diplomirane medicinske sestre v patronažnem varstvu uporabljajo med opravljanjem negovalnih intervencij občutki, ki jih doživljajo dementni starostniki med obravnavo in opažanja diplomiranih medicinskih sester v patronažnem varstvu, ki jih zaznajo pri svojcih. Iz pridobljenih intervjujev smo ugotovili, da imajo dobre izkušnje z dementnimi starostniki, najpogostejše ovire vidijo v nesodelovanju z dementnimi starostniki kadar bolezen napreduje. Diskusija in zaključek: Diplomirane medicinske sestre v patronažnem varstvu se pogosto srečujejo z dementnimi starostniki. Ovire, ki jih opažajo so predvsem v komunikaciji, nesodelovanju in spremembi vedenja pri dementnih starostnikih. Za strokovno izvedbo negovalnih intervencij vključijo svojce in prilagodijo pogovor, ki je razločen in razumljiv. Basis and purpose: Dementia are a common illness in elderly people. The age limit is increasing every year, and therefore dementia is steeply rising, and it consequently poses a big problem at a global level. Home care nurses encounter dementia in home environment daily, which presents a challenge for health care. Research methods: In the thesis, we used qualitative methodology of research. The obtained interviews were processed and presented in a descriptive way. Semi-structured interviews, which were carried out by home care nurses, were used. The interviews were anonymous. Results: We combined the codes that were descriptively presented and joined into four themes: health treatment of an elderly person with dementia at home, approaches that are used by the home care nurses during their nursing interventions, emotions that are experienced by the elderly people with dementia during the treatment, and observations of home care nurses that they perceive in the relatives. From the obtained interviews, we found that they have good experience with dementia elderly, the most common obstacles are seen in non-cooperation with dementia elderly when the disease progresses. Discussion and conclusion: Home care nurses often encounter elderly people with dementia. Obstacles that they mention are mostly in communication, non-cooperation and behavioral changes in the dementia elderly. In order to perform nursing interventions professionally, home care nurses include the relatives and adjust the conversation, which should be clear and understandable.