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Despite the importance, in Québec, of pedagogical consultants (PCs) for continuing education, little research has focused on understanding the PC profession, from within its practice. This is particularly the case in mathematics education where PCs are facing major challenges in relation to problem solving. Through collaborative research carried out with PCs intervening in elementary schools, we aimed at a better understanding of the support offered to teachers. Three contrasting cases presenting different accompaniments are here developed. Based on the framework of “professional didactics” and on the concept of “logic of action”, an emerging analysis puts in light the professional activity these CPs enact and the underlying reasons guiding their activity. Malgré l’importance que revêt, au Québec, le métier de conseiller pédagogique (CP) pour la formation continue des enseignants, peu de travaux de recherche se sont attardés à comprendre ce métier, de l’intérieur de sa pratique. C’est en particulier le cas en enseignement des mathématiques où les CPs sont pourtant confrontés à des défis de taille, en lien notamment avec la résolution de problèmes. À travers une recherche collaborative menée avec des CPs intervenant au primaire, nous nous sommes intéressées à cet accompagnement. Trois cas contrastés présentant des accompagnements différents sont ici développés. Prenant appui sur le cadre de la didactique professionnelle et sur le concept de logique d’action, une analyse émergente permet d’expliciter l’activité professionnelle que ces CPs mettent en œuvre et les raisons qu’ils ont d’agir en situation.

The scholarship is growing to capture the diversified anti-Islamophobia responses by individuals or Muslim organisations. Limited attention, however, is directed at examining the extent to which Is...

O panorama de formação superior em Portugal mudou de forma significativa nas últimas quatro décadas, sobretudo com o crescimento do ensino politécnico. Alvo de frequentes modificações, o ensino superior tem estado na última década perante uma “nova era politécnica”, com lógicas de ação das instituições de ensino politécnico que paralelamente à vertente de ensino se projetam em três novos campos de ação: formação pós-graduada, investigação e internacionalização. Com o objetivo de refletir sobre as suas lógicas de ação e os sentidos de missão, lançando também questões sobre o momento atual, são apresentados neste artigo os resultados de uma investigação junto das instituições de ensino politécnico em Portugal.

Policymakers often rely on scientific knowledge for making policy decisions, and many scientists aim to produce knowledge that is useful to policymakers. However, the logic of action (which guides policy) and the logic of inquiry (which guides research) do not always align. We introduce the term “logic synchronization” to characterize the degree to which the logic of policy action aligns with the logic of scientific inquiry. We use the case of urban climate policy to explore this dynamic using a purposive literature review. The framework presented here is helpful in identifying areas in which the logic of inquiry and the logic of action synchronize, creating the opportunity for both policy-relevant science and science-informed policy. It also reveals where the logics do not yet synchronize, which indicates where scientists and policy makers can productively focus their efforts. The framework introduced here can be both theoretically and practically useful for linking scientific knowledge to policy action.

Background In recent years, there has been a growing interest in health care personalization and customization (i.e. personalized medicine and patient-centered care). While some positive impacts of these approaches have been reported, there has been a dearth of research on how these approaches are implemented and combined for health care delivery systems. The present study undertakes a scoping review of articles on customized care to describe which patient characteristics are used for segmenting care, and to identify the challenges face to implement customized intervention in routine care. Methods Article searches were initially conducted in November 2018, and updated in January 2019 and March 2019, according to Prisma guidelines. Two investigators independently searched MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Science Direct and JSTOR, The search was focused on articles that included “care customization”, “personalized service and health care”, individualized care” and “targeting population” in the title or abstract. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined. Disagreements on study selection and data extraction were resolved by consensus and discussion between two reviewers. Results We identified 70 articles published between 2008 and 2019. Most of the articles (n = 43) were published from 2016 to 2019. Four categories of patient characteristics used for segmentation analysis emerged: clinical, psychosocial, service and costs. We observed these characteristics often coexisted with the most commonly described combinations, namely clinical, psychosocial and service. A small number of articles (n = 18) reported assessments on quality of care, experiences and costs. Finally, few articles (n = 6) formally defined a conceptual basis related to mass customization, whereas only half of articles used existing theories to guide their analysis or interpretation. Conclusions There is no common theory based strategy for providing customized care. In response, we have highlighted three areas for researchers and managers to advance the customization in health care delivery systems: better define the content of the segmentation analysis and the intervention steps, demonstrate its added value, in particular its economic viability, and align the logics of action that underpin current efforts of customization. These steps would allow them to use customization to reduce costs and improve quality of care.

This paper explores the analysis of ability, where ability is to be understood in the epistemic sense—in contrast to what might be called a causal sense. There are plenty of cases where an agent is able to perform an action that guarantees a given result even though she does not know which of her actions guarantees that result. Such an agent possesses the causal ability but lacks the epistemic ability. The standard analysis of such epistemic abilities relies on the notion of action types—as opposed to action tokens—and then posits that an agent has the epistemic ability to do something if and only if there is an action type available to her that she knows guarantees it. We show that these action types are not needed: we present a formalism without action types that can simulate analyzes of epistemic ability that rely on action types. Our formalism is a standard epistemic extension of the theory of “seeing to it that”, which arose from a modal tradition in the logic of action.

In recent decades urban policies in Turkey have been affected by neoliberal visions aiming to attract foreign investments. As one of the fastest growing cities and central financial hubs in the Mediterranean and Black Sea in recent years, Istanbul has been where the right to the city claims have concentrated following an unprecedented amount of construction, expansion in urban space and a rising number of inhabitants. Urban activism advocating the importance of representing the city dwellers in planning has encountered many challenges. The Gezi Park protests in May-June 2013 came in the midst of the culmination of urban landscape re-skinning and brought new dimensions to the urban struggle. Yet over the following years this movement fragmented. This thesis aims to examine one of the most important reasons why the Gezi Park protestors lost momentum. It focuses on reasons related to logics of action rather than the political restrictions that are often highlighted. It demonstrates how the shift from the right to the city to other causes in two following projects- namely the new Istanbul Airport and the planned ‘Kanal Istanbul’- resulted in weakening the movement. It explores other emerging logics of action for claiming right to the city in everyday life that might redraw the map of urban activism. The study argues that activism is more sustained on the micro level when urban planning affects the everyday life of people, hence the rise of nonmovements in global cities. Son yıllarda Türkiye'deki kentsel politikalar, ülkeye yabancı yatırımları çekmeyi amaçlayan neoliberal politikalardan nasibini almıştır. Son yıllarda Akdeniz ve Karadeniz'de en hızlı büyüyen şehirlerden ve merkezi finans merkezlerinden biri olan İstanbul, benzeri görülmemiş oranda inşaat, kentsel alanda genişleme ve artan nüfusla birlikte şehir hakkı taleplerinin yoğunlaştığı bir yer haline gelmiştir. Kentsel planlamada, şehrin sakinlerinin de temsil edilmesini savunan kentsel aktivizm birçok çıkmazla karşılaştı. İstanbul’un çehresindeki kabuk değişiminin zirvesini yaşadığı bir dönemde, Mayıs-Haziran 2013’te meydana gelen Gezi Parkı protestoları ise bu meseleye yeni boyutlar getirmiştir. Ne var ki müteakip yıllarda Gezi aktivizmi etkisini sürdüremeyip parçalandı. Bu tez, Gezi Parkı eylemcilerinin ivme kaybetmesinin en önemli nedenlerinden birini incelemeyi amaçlamakta olup siyasi kısıtlamalardansa eylem mantığıyla ilgili nedenlere odaklanmaktadır. İlaveten, İstanbul Havalimanı ve halihazırda yapılması planlanan 'Kanal İstanbul tartışılırken kentsel aktivizmden diğer siyasi meselelere nasıl bir kayma yaşandığı ve bunun da Gezi aktivizmini zayıflattığı gösterilmektedir. Bu tezde ayrıca, günlük hayatta şehir hakkı talebine dönük ortaya çıkmakta olan ve kentsel aktivizmin haritasını yeniden çizebilme ihtimalini bize sunan diğer eylem mantıkları da araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, kentsel planlamanın insanların günlük hayatındaki etkisinin artmasıyla aktivizmin mikro düzeyde daha sürdürülebilir hale geldiği ve global şehirlerdeki devrimsiz hareketlerde gözlenen artışın da bundan kaynaklandığı öne sürülmektedir.

portuguesO artigo faz uma revisao do conceito de precarizacao do trabalho. O metodo de exposicao e analise segue a abordagem do materialismo historico dialetico. A escolha das fontes seguiu a pesquisa bibliografica e de campo, com amparo da analise de conteudo tematico-categorial. Apontam-se alguns elementos precarizantes do trabalho docente nos Institutos Federais (IFs), como o fetiche da nova carreira nos IFs, a verticalizacao e a intensificacao do trabalho. Discute-se que ha na instituicao uma polivalencia exigida pela verticalizacao do trabalho. Essa intensificacao precariza o trabalho docente a medida que exige do professor maior esforco mental; conhecimento de processos diversos; adaptabilidade de sua pratica a diversidade de turmas em que atua; trabalho emotivo diversificado; intensificacao de sua logica de atuacao, de atencao e de controle; maior tempo de preparacao das aulas e de conteudos para abordar em sala de aula. Assim, a porosidade de trabalho, o tempo de reflexao e o tempo de nao-trabalho sao engolidos pelas atribuicoes de preparacao do trabalho. Por fim, aponta as dimensoes da praxis que a categoria precarizacao deve apresentar no campo da interpretacao e luta do/pelo trabalho docente. O texto conclui que as mediacoes entre teoria e praxis devem compreender a precarizacao como termo politico, um processo caleidoscopico para apreender a exploracao constante do novo quantum do trabalho, sem a alteracao de seu estatuto, alem dos reflexos subjetivos de sofrimento, do adoecimento provocado pelas transformacoes constantes, impostas a organizacao do trabalho. Dessa forma, nos IFs, o processo de verticalizacao do trabalho torna a acao docente precarizada. EnglishThis article makes a review of the concept of precarious work. Our method of exposure and analysis follows the approach of dialectical historical materialism. Our choice of sources followed the bibliographic and field research, with the help of thematic-category content analysis. Some precarious elements of the teaching work in Federal Institutes (IFs) have been pointed out, such as the fetish of the new career in the IFs, the verticalization and the intensification of teachers’ work. It is discussed here that there is in the institution a polyvalence required by the verticalization of the work. This intensification makes the teaching work more precarious since it requires greater mental effort from the teacher, his/her knowledge of various processes; his/her adaptability of its practice to the diversity of classes in which it operates; diverse emotional work; intensification of its logic of action, of attention and control; longer preparation time of classes and contents covered in the classroom. Thus, the porosity of work, the time needed for reflection and the time of non-work are swallowed by the tasks of preparation of the work. Finally, the article points out the dimensions of praxis that the precariousness category must present in the field of interpretation and struggle of/for teaching work. Our conclusion is that the mediations between theory and praxis must regard precariousness as a political term, a kaleidoscopic process which aims to apprehend the constant exploration of the new quantum of work, without changing its status, in addition to the subjective reflections of suffering, the teachers’ illnesses caused by constant transformations imposed on the organization of work. Thus, in the IFs, the process of verticalization of work makes the teaching practice precarious.

E-learning has become a widespread form of education as it allows the users a relatively easy access to needed information. E-learning has also been present in maritime affairs, although not so ubiquitous as in other economy sectors. Sea-borne shipping is one of the most stringently controlled industries, with a number of complex regulations and standards. This paper analyses learning methodologies and discusses the economic justification of implementing e-learning systems at global level, with an emphasis on the growing e-learning industry, corporate segment of e-learning, massive open online course market, and the importance of the micro-learning concept. In addition, this study analyses the present systems of seafarers’ education and the potentials, strengths and shortcomings of the conventional learning, e-learning and m-learning. Moreover, the recent application of e-learning in maritime affairs and the need of further research of the e-learning impacts in maritime affairs are examined. Finally, the presented information and discussion result in the logic matrix analysis and the SWOT analysis of e-learning, aiming to define the strengths, weaknesses, logic of action, goals and potentials of the implementation of e-learning in maritime affairs. Keywords: E-learning, education of seafarers, STCW Convention, IMO.

This paper presents the logical treatment of imperatives (commands and promises) regarded as actions one rational agent performs in order to compel the other rational agent, by imposing certain obligations on her, to act in a certain way. To talk about the embedded stit-formulas that represent such imperative actions the framework of stit-logic supplied with the ⃝-operator, as it is introduced by J. Horty, is used. We investigate some curious technical details of using the ⃝-operator ranging over the set of agents along with differingent stit-operators and suggest formulas picturing some properties typical for the usage of commands and promises. We establish several theorems and propositions expressing essential principles of imperative agency and show that these principles differ substantially from their analogs in propositional logic and standard deontic logic (SDL). Finally, we briefly discuss the possibilities of further investigation that embodies such issues as expressing the imperative permission and prevalent embedded imperatives in the given framework., В статье представлен логический подход к императивам (командам и обещаниям), которые трактуются как действия одного рационального агента, направленные на то, чтобы побудить другого рационального агента, посредством связывания его обязательствами определенного рода, к совершению некоторого поступка. Для того, чтобы иметь возможность интерпретировать формулы с вложенными агентными операторами, которые отражают таким образом понимаемые императивы, используется STIT-логика, дополненная деонтическим оператором «О» хортиевского типа. В статье исследуется ряд любопытных технических деталей, связанных с использованием деонтического оператора в рамках логики действия совместно с различными агентными операторами, и предлагаются формулы, отражающие характеристические свойства использования команд и обещаний. Мы формулируем несколько теорем и наблюдений, отражающих существенные свойства употребления императивов, и показываем, что между ними и сходными с ними утверждениями из пропозициональной и стандартной деонтической логики отсутствует параллелизм. В заключении мы кратко обсуждаем перспективы будущих исследований в этой области, касающихся представления императивного разрешения и широко распространенных вложенных императивных действий.

Zusammenfassung Die Divergenz zwischen der selbstverstandlichen Proklamation von „Qualitat“ als Leitorientierung einerseits sowie einer Zuruckhaltung und teilweise Skepsis der Praxisakteure gegenuber Qualitatsmanagement andererseits bedarf der Erklarung, um zu fachlich tragfahigen Perspektiven in der Praxis der Qualitatsentwicklung zu gelangen. Mogliche Erklarungen liegen in einer mangelnden Ausrichtung von Verfahren an den Handlungslogiken in der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe, in der unzureichenden Erzeugung und Kommunikation des Sinngehalts von Qualitatsentwicklung sowie in der mangelnden Wahrnehmung und Verarbeitung von Spannungsfeldern und Paradoxien, mit denen Qualitatsentwicklung in der Sozialen Arbeit durchzogen ist. Daraus lassen sich Leitorientierungen fur eine differenzierende Praxis der Qualitatsentwicklung in der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe zwischen Verfahrensstandardisierung und reflexiven Verfahren formulieren. Schlagworter: Qualitatsentwicklung, Verfahrensstandardisierung, reflexive Verfahren der Qualitatsentwicklung, Professionalitat in der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe, Qualitat als Leistung der Organisation ----- Quality development in child and youth welfare: between demanded taken-for-grantedness and restraints on a practical level Abstract The divergence between the self-evident proclamation of “quality” as a guiding orientation on the one hand, and a reluctance and partial scepticism of social workers and other practice agents towards quality management on the other hand requires an explanation in order to develop a professionally viable approach of quality development. A possible explanation – first – comprises the fact that too often these procedures do not refer to the logic of action in child and youth welfare. Second, that too often the meaning of quality development is not sufficiently communicated, and finally that too often there is a lack of perception and moreover of active processing of paradoxes and fields of tension, quality development in social work is concerned with. By answering these questions, it is possible to develop guidelines for a differentiated practice of quality development in child and youth welfare in between simple process standardization and reflection of procedures. Keywords: quality development, process standardization, reflexive methods of quality development, professional work in child and youth welfare, quality as a performance factor of organizations ----- Bibliographie: Merchel, Joachim: Qualitatsentwicklung in der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe: Zwischen Selbstverstandlichkeit im Anspruch und Zuruckhaltung in der Praxis, Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung / Discourse. Journal of Childhood and Adolescence Research, 4-2018, S. 445-458. https://doi.org/10.3224/diskurs.v13i4.05

Present aux Etats-Unis, en Amerique Latine et en Europe, le gang Los Netas est structure de maniere pyramidale, avec a sa tete un chef supreme incarcere dans les prisons de Porto Rico. Pourtant, l’echelle globale de La Asociacion pose des questions quant a la capacite de la gouverner. Trois questions organisent la reflexion : Comment diriger un monde criminel depuis une prison a Porto Rico ? Comment ordonnancer le quotidien dans un reseau etendu ? Et finalement, comment penser et agir sur l’avenir et le devenir criminel ? Pour repondre a ces questions, je reviens sur trois logiques d’action qui definissent trois fonctions clefs dans la structure associative des Netas : diriger, pour le chef supreme ; ordonnancer, pour le secretaire ; et prevoir, pour le president des sections locales. Je m’interesse a la facon dont le pouvoir s’exerce au sein de La Asociacion en decrivant trois logiques d’action dans des situations particulieres et la facon dont celles-ci reconfigurent, ou non, les relations de pouvoir dans le Monde Netas a un moment precis. En ce sens, je ne propose pas une theorie du gouvernement criminel, mais j’essaie d’examiner, dans une situation donnee, les logiques d’action, les outils et la facon dont les individus agissent pour gouverner.

Del héroe de “Cuentos morales” (1963-1972) a la heroína de “Comedias y proverbios” (1981-1987) Éric Rohmer establece el paso de un cine fundado en una lógica de acción a un cine de videncia. De acuerdo con esta idea, a partir de la cual Gilles Deleuze piensa el paso de la imagen-movimiento a la imagen-tiempo, las siguientes páginas retoman el estudio de la primera serie del cineasta para ver en la feminidad abandonada por el héroe (Haydée, Maud, Chloé o Claire) los principios con los que Rohmer concibe sus heroínas posteriores y una nueva lógica de relato. Para ello, por un lado, el artículo revisita los estudios que abordan la puesta en escena de “Cuentos morales” a partir del pensamiento del héroe y de la palabra en particular; por otro lado, propone el deseo y la idea de alteridad como el método que permite pensar la imagen y la palabra en su conjunto, esto es, la mostración y el lenguaje, elementos que, siguiendo las ideas de André Bazin, Rohmer define la naturaleza ambigua del cinematógrafo.