Search

In Chinese language, there are subcategories of nouns that can act as descriptions, namely locative nouns, place nouns, and time nouns. The description in the sentence is before or after the subject so that the structure of the Chinese sentence starts from the adverbial, subject, predicate, object or subject, adverbial, predicate, object. In the learning process, language errors are unavoidable. Language errors can be used as research material to support language learning. This study aims to identify errors that arise in the use (sentence structure and diction) of locative nouns, place, and time as descriptions in Chinese sentences by 2017 students of the Chinese Language Education Study Program. This research uses qualitative and quantitative methods. Research data were obtained through test instruments in the form of translation questions, filling in gaps, and arranging words. Research is limited to sentence structure errors and diction errors. The results showed that the error rate of using locative nouns, place, and time as adverbial in Chinese sentences was at a very low level. The percentage of sentence structure errors for translation questions is 4.8%, the percentage of diction errors for questions filling in gaps is 12.4%, and the percentage of word-composing questions is divided into two, namely sentence structure errors as much as 12.7%; diction error as much as 1.08%. The results of this study are expected to be input for teachers when teaching locative noun material, place and time as information., Dalam bahasa Mandarin terdapat subkategori nomina yang dapat berperan sebagai keterangan, yakni nomina lokatif, nomina tempat, dan nomina waktu. Keterangan dalam kalimat berada sebelum atau sesudah subjek sehingga struktur kalimat bahasa Mandarin dimulai dari keterangan, subjek, predikat, objek (KSPO) atau subjek, keterangan, predikat, objek (SKPO). Dalam proses pembelajaran, kesalahan berbahasa merupakan hal yang tidak dapat dihindari. Kesalahan berbahasa dapat menjadi bahan penelitian untuk menunjang pembelajaran bahasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kesalahan yang muncul terhadap penggunaan (struktur kalimat dan diksi) nomina lokatif, tempat, dan waktu sebagai keterangan dalam kalimat bahasa Mandarin oleh Mahasiswa Angkatan 2017 Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Mandarin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui instrumen tes berupa soal terjemahan, mengisi rumpang, dan menyusun kata. Penelitian terbatas pada kesalahan struktur kalimat dan kesalahan diksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesalahan penggunaan nomina lokatif, tempat, dan waktu sebagai keterangan dalam kalimat bahasa Mandarin berada pada tingkat yang sangat rendah. Persentase kesalahan struktur kalimat untuk soal terjemahan sebanyak 4,8%, persentase kesalahan diksi untuk soal mengisi rumpang sebanyak 12,4%, dan persentase soal menyusun kata terbagi dua, yakni kesalahan struktur kalimat sebanyak 12,7% ; kesalahan diksi sebanyak 1,08%. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan bagi pengajar ketika membelajarkan materi nomina lokatif, tempat dan waktu sebagai keterangan

En este artículo llevamos a cabo un estudio descriptivo sobre los nombres colectivos y de nombres de lugar formados mediante sufijación, con varios objetivos: por una parte, caracterizar los distintos sufijos formadores de cada uno de estos dos tipos semánticos de nombres; por otra, determinar qué sufijos dan lugar a ambos tipos de nombres y también qué nombres presentan ambos tipos de significados. Se trata de lo que se ha denominado “polisemia regular” en la bibliografía especializada. Finalmente, analizamos una serie de nombres colectivos y nombres de lugar, neológicos, extraídos del Banco de Neologismos Centro Virtual Cervantes, concretamente de los años 2016 y 2015, para determinar, de entre todos los sufij os recogidos en la bibliografía, cuáles son verdaderamente productivos en la formación de estos dos tipos de nombres en el español. In this article we carry out a descriptive study about collective nouns and locative nouns formed by suffixation, which has several objectives: on the one hand, the characterization of suffixes forming each one of these two semantic types of nouns will be pre sented; on the other hand, we will study what suffixes give rise to both types of nouns and what nouns present both types of meaning. This is what has been called “regular polysemy” in the specialized bibliography.Finally, we will analyze a series of neolo gical collective nouns and locative nouns, extracted from the Bank of neologisms of Cervantes Virtual Center (years 2015 and 2016), in order to determine, among all the suffixes collected from the bibliography, which ones are really productive in the forma tion of these two types of nouns in Spanish .

Languages like Afrikaans are sometimes said to feature a class of adpositions that can be described as “intransitive” (e.g. binne “inside”, bo “upstairs”, agter “in the back”, buite “outside”, onder “downstairs” voor “in the front”). It is argued that such elements in fact instantiate a “hybrid” category – the locative noun category – which is not missing a Ground external argument but is actually lexicalising the nominal structure associated with that Ground argument itself. Such locative nouns pattern with R-pronouns and home-class nouns and therefore probably share a similar internal structure with these better-studied elements of language.Keywords: intransitive adposition, axial part, locative noun, R-pronoun, syncretism, Afrikaans