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Background. Surgical treatment of liver echinococcosis is the main one. Recently, the proportion of research devoted to minimally invasive surgical treatments has increased significantly. There is a debate about the effectiveness and definition of indications for the use of minimally invasive techniques. The purpose of the study is to present and analyze the results of treatment of liver echinococcosis using non-resectable minimally invasive techniques. Materials and methods. The study presents the results of surgical treatment of 28 patients operated on for liver echinococcosis. The criterion for inclusion in the study was the performed minimally invasive surgical intervention under ultrasound guidance. Results. There were no complications or deaths in the study groups. The ineffectiveness of the applied non-resection technique, regarded as a recurrence of the parasitic process, was determined 3 months after the primary operation in 1 (3.6 %) patient out of 28. The patient underwent laparoscopic caval lobectomy followed by discharge with recovery. There is no recurrence of the disease after resection intervention. Conclusions. Non-resection methods of surgical treatment of liver echinococcosis are highly effective, safe and can be recommended for implementation in specialized hepatological surgical clinics, subject to strict adherence to the procedure for selecting patients to perform the techniques.

RETRACTED ARTICLEStudy objective – the effectiveness of clinical-based schemes of Albendazole anti-relapse chemotherapy. We studied the long-term results of surgical treatment of 709 patients with various forms of liver echinococcosis. Depending on the scheme of preventive treatment, the patients were divided into four groups. The fifth (control) group consisted of patients who did not receive anti-relapse chemotherapy with Albendazole. The recurrence frequency was evaluated by the survey 3–3,5 years after surgery. We found that Albendazole preventive treatment significantly reduces the relapse rate within 3–3,5 years after surgery. In the control group, relapse occurred in 42 cases (8,1%) (χ2 =10,6; р=0,0012), compared to 2 relapse cases in the study groups (1,1%). Aparasitic and antiparasitic regimes are necessary but not sufficient to prevent recurrence. The isolated relapse cases in various Albendazole preventive treatment schemes demonstrated no clear advantage of any scheme.

A clinical case of successful radical multi-stage surgical treatment of a patient with bilobar parasitic lesion of the liver with echinococcosis complicated by infection of one of the cysts is presented. The patient was admitted to the clinic with volumetric lesions in both lobes of the liver. At the stage of differential diagnosis, on the basis of process verification by puncture biopsy under ultrasound control, the ethiology of mass lesions was reliably established. At the primary stationary stage, infection of one of the echinococcal cysts was diagnosed, for which the cyst was drained under ultrasound control. After that, the patient was discharged to the outpatient care for compensation, correction of the general level of health and nutritional status. At the next stage of the inpatient examination, the patient was determined to have an insufficient level of functional reserves of the liver to perform a radical operation. For this reason, laparoscopic ligation of the right branch of the portal vein was performed in order to develop vicarious hypertrophy of the contralateral lobe. After 30 days, the increased level of functional reserves of the liver made it possible to plan radical surgical treatment with an acceptable risk for the patient. The operation was performed in the amount of right-sided extended hemihepatectomy with marginal resection of the 3rd segment of the liver. The symptoms of liver failure in the postoperative period according to the ISGLS scale were regarded as Grade A. The patient was discharged from the hospital in a satisfactory condition on day 10 after the operation. In the postoperative period, courses of therapy with albendazole were prescribed according to the standard scheme. The patient is under observation for more than a year after treatment. The condition is satisfactory. No recurrence of the disease was noted.

The article presents a review of literature data in order to study current problems in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of liver echinococcosis. At the present stage of technological progress, it is possible to study the genetic, anatomical and pathophysiological aspects of echinococcosis. The article highlights the advantages and disadvantages of surgical operations performed in patients with echinococcal liver damage. Methods and results of surgical treatment in various clinics are considered. The main surgical directions in the treatment of parasitic liver damage have been determined. These are more radical anatomical and extensive liver resections and minimally invasive, including laparoscopic and robotic techniques. Each of the methods used has its own niche of application and its own limitations. An opinion is expressed about the prospects for the development of minimally invasive methods of surgical treatment. The authors note the actual absence of a unified standardized tactics of surgical treatment at the moment. It is noted that the literature contains only fragmentary data on the possibility of combining minimally invasive and classical methods of surgical treatment. Despite the introduction of new methods of treatment, the percentage of complications and mortality are still high. Thus, the lack of uniform diagnostic standards and principles for determining surgical tactics testifies to the urgency of the problem of treating parasitic liver damage and determines the search for new solutions in order to improve the results of surgical treatment of this pathology.

In recent years, there has been an increase in patients with thyroid pathology around the world, which is associated with iodine deficiency and often these diseases are combined with other pathologies that require surgical treatment. The aim of our work was to evaluate the effectiveness of simultaneous operations in nodular goiter. Material and methods. The article presents the results of simultaneous operations that were performed in 19 patients with nodular goiter. Echinococcosis of the liver was found in 8 of them, cholelithiasis in 11 (chronic calculous cholecystitis – 7 and recurrent choledocholithiasis – 4). All operations were performed under endotracheal anesthesia from two approaches, and thyroidectomy and resection of the thyroid gland in combination with cholecystectomy (choledochotomy) were performed in 11 and in 8 with echinococcectomy. In addition to conventional examination methods, a fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid gland was performed in all patients with nodular goiter to exclude proliferative growth and identify the contents of the cyst. Postoperative complications and long-term results were studied (from 3 months to 3.5 years). Results. In the immediate postoperative period, complications arose in 3 cases each (wound suppuration, infiltration and pleurisy). 18 patients were examined up to 3 and 6 months, 15 patients – from one to 2 years, 13 patients – from 2 to 3.5 years; recurrence of goiter and associated diseases (gallstone disease and echinococcosis of the liver) were not found. Conclusion. Simultaneous operations can be performed in cases of nodular goiter combination with echinococcosis and gallstone disease, but under the condition of strict adherence to the rules of the principle of aparasiticity and antiparasiticity in echinococcectomy. When performing simultaneous operations, it is necessary to fully examine the patient, determine the indications and contraindications, the volume of the planned operation, and also pay attention to the preoperative preparation and management of the postoperative period.

The OBJECTIVE was to make the comparative assessment of surgical methods for the treatment and prevention of the recurrence of echinococcal liver disease, as well as to study negative and positive aspects of closed echinococcectomy in relation to recurrent efficacy.METHODS AND MATERIAL. 1072 cases (1358 cysts) of echinococcal liver disease were subjected to a retrospective analysis. The clinic performed radical (closed) echinococcectomy using high-tech resection devices on 258 patients, including ultrasound dissectors and destructors-aspirators for 105 patients (main group), other resection devices (LigaSure, an argon plasma scalpel) for patients (control group).RESULTS. Inpatient treatment of patients in the main group amounted to (9.4±2.1) days, in the control group – (11.6±1.7). Postoperative complications in the main group were observed at 4.6 % of patients, in the control group – 11.0 %. Relapse of the liver echinococcosis in the control group occurred in 2.3 % of cases, there were no relapses in the main group. The quality of life of patients in the main group was (73.5±1.8) points, in the control group – (72, 8±1.7) points. There were no lethal outcomes in both groups of patients.CONCLUSION. The most effective in the treatment and prevention of recurrence of echinococcal liver disease are closed methods of echinococcectomy: a cyst pericystectomy, liver resection. When we use ultrasound resection techniques for closed (radical) surgical interventions, intra- and postoperative complications are reduced and the immediate and long-term results of patients with liver echinococcosis are improved.

Objective: To determine the role of laboratory parameters for the study of early diagnosis of liver echinococcosis (LE) complications. Methods: Carried out the results of a study of 147 patients with complicated LE – suppuration of echinococcal cysts (n=50) and mechanical jaundice (n=97). As a result of a general blood analysis for diagnosing complications of LE were studied biochemical analyzes and indicators of endogenous intoxication. Results: The results of the study showed that in patients with complicated LE – suppuration and mechanical jaundice, noticed an increase content of leukocytes in 67.3%, of eosinophils in 42.9% and accelerated ESR in 57.8% of cases. The leukocyte intoxication index (LII) in patients with suppurative echinococcal liver cysts was 4.3±0.06 units. In patients with mechanical jaundice, an increase in the activity of ASAT and ALAT was observed up to 52.4±0.07 and 64.3±0.05 IU/L, respectively. In addition, patients showed an increase in the level of urea (7.8±0.05 mmol/L) and creatinine (128.4±0.04 μmol/L). In severe cases of jaundice indicators of bilirubin exceeded 190 μmol/L, diene conjugates increased to 1.86±0.074 nmol/L, malondialdehyde to 8.15±0.4 μmol/L, and medium mass molecules to 0.5±0.04 c.u./L, procalcitonin – up to 5.6±0.04 ng/mL, C-reactive protein – up to 175.3±9.8 mg/L. Conclusion: Some indicators of the general and biochemical analysis of blood, as well as indicators of endogenous intoxication, can be very informative for the early diagnosis of complications of liver echinococcosis and determine the functional state of the liver. Laboratory indicators of functional state of the liver and the common state of the patients helps to choose the most rational surgery tactics, and thereby reduce the percentage of postoperative complications and mortality among these severe categories of patients.

Introduction: Recently, in international medical organizations, more and more interest is shown towards diseases in humans, among which the cystic form of echinococcosis (CE) is given special importance. As a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of cestodes belonging to the genus Echinococcus and the Taeniidae family, CE in 2014 was recognized globally by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and WHO as the second most important foodborne parasitic pathology. In the 2018, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) considered CE among the food-borne parasites of highest relevance in Europe. Purpose: to study the actual epidemiology of human echinococcosis lesion in the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2015–2019 to highlight the mean annual incidence of this pathology in all regions of the country, as well as the extensive value of the proportion of echinococcosis of the liver (EL), lungs (LE) and other localizations. Material and methods: The officially registered data for all regions of the country for 2015–2019 were studied. An ultrasound screening of the abdominal organs of the population of the Khorezm region was carried out during 2019 to determine the effectiveness of early diagnosis of EL. A total of 104,284 inhabitants were examined, of which 38,660 were children and 65,624 were adults. Results: According to the processed statistical data for all regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2015–2019 on average, 2105.0 ± 43.3 patients with echinococcosis of various localizations were diagnosed. The mean annual incidence was 6.5 ± 0.09 per 100,000 inhabitants. The extensive value of the EL share was 79.4 ± 0.9% (1672.2 ± 35.6 on average per year), high-level rate - 5.2 ± 0.08 per 100,000 inhabitants; the proportion of LE was 14.0 ± 0.8% (295.2 ± 17.8), the prevalence was 0.9 ± 0.06 per 100,000 inhabitants; the proportion of echinococcosis of other localizations was 6.5 ± 0.5% (137.6 ± 13.4), the high-level value was 0.4 ± 0.03 per 100,000 inhabitants. The frequency of detection of the liver or other abdominal organs echinococcosis during screening ultrasound in the Khorezm region was 0.009%, in turn, the examination of family members of these patients increased this indicator to 0.011%.

Objective: Improving the results of treatment of patients with liver echinococcosis by using minimally invasive technology Methods: The results of the examination and treatment of 23 patients with liver echinococcosis are presented. There were 15 women (65%), and 8 men (35%) aged from 24 to 83 years. Depending on the peculiarities of the clinical situation, 2 options for surgical treatment were used: 1) puncturing and drainage of the cystic cavity under ultrasound control; 2) opening and processing of the cystic cavity using laparoscopic techniques Results: Laparoscopic echinococcectomy was performed in 13 (56%) patients, puncture and drainage of the echinococcus cyst under ultrasound control – 10 (44%) patients. The postoperative period was much easier after minimally invasive interventions for liver echinococcosis. Cystobiliary fistulae were observed in 3 cases, which required additional transfistula medical interventions. In 2 more cases after puncture-draining interventions under ultrasound control, the suppurations of the residual cavity are marked with the increase of the next day of its size in comparison with the initial that has demanded re-drainage. Conclusion: Minimally invasive methods of echinococcectomy using laparoscopic techniques and the transcutaneous removal of an echinococcal cyst under ultrasound control are low-traumatic procedures and can be an alternative to open surgical interventions. This helps to reduce the frequency of postoperative complications, especially in persons of the elderly and old ages with concomitant diseases.

Objectives - optimization of hepatic echinococcosis treatment schemes based on the data analysis of the immediate and long-term results. Material and methods. The study included 373 clinical cases of patients with liver echinococcosis who received treatment in 2005-2018 in Samara Regional Clinical Hospital n. a. V.D. Seredavin. 342 patients underwent a traditional operation, the surgical puncture was performed in 31 patient. Starting from 2003 all patients received the antirelapse chemotherapy with albendazole according to the WHO's recommendations in the postoperative period. Results. The treatment tactics in patients with liver hydatidosis was defined according to the parasite's developmental stage, its localization, and the size of liver cyst. The traditional surgery was successful after one operation in more than 93% of cases, postoperative mortality was 1.46%, the number of postoperative complications - 12.5%, the number of relapses in 5 year follow-up period was 6.8%. In 31 patients we used the puncture surgery treatment of hepatic echinococcosis PAIR and PEVAC-methods. Conclusion. Modern approach to hepatic echinococcosis treatment should provide differentiated

The results of diagnostics and treatment of patients with liver echinococcosis were analyzed for the period from 2010 to 2018. The follow-up amounted to 59 patients with recurrent liver echinococcosis. The acidforming function of the stomach was analyzed in 34 patients who were on inpatient treatment for liver echinococcosis. Indicators of secretion were reliably biased towards hypoacidity. We examined 31 families of patients. The total number of examined was 93. In 66,7% of family members who had previously been operated on for echinococcosis, reduced acidity was found. This indicates that the risk of infection with echinococcosis is much higher in a hypoacid state than in normoacidic or hyperacidic gastric juice. A method of using drugs based on albendazole in the preoperative period, as well as to prevent relapses in the postoperative period, has been developed and proposed. The analysis of the incidence of liver echinococcosis in all districts of the Khorezm region was carried out. In all areas, especially in the most endemic ones, sanitary and educational activities are carried out both among the population and among the medical staff of regional clinics. Conducted interconnection with the veterinary service of the region, as well as with the sanitary and epidemiological bodies. The proposed method for applying Decasan residual cavity treatment and ultrasonic cavitation has shown impressive efficiency due to the lower number of relapses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Echinococcosis is a zoonosis caused by the Echinococcus adult or larvae tapeworms. Surgery has been the mainstay for large cysts, those that are likely to rupture, or infected, or exerting an important mass effect, but it has been said to be impractical in patients with multiple cysts in several organs. The aim of this study is to report our strategy for the surgical resection or for the drainage of large (> 5 cm) and/or complicated liver and multi-organ hydatid cysts. Methods. From 1992 to 2012, 13 patients have been evaluated for open surgery or a minimally invasive approach for cystic echinococcosis. After Albendazole administration, liver cysts have been treated by pericystectomy in nine cases, partial pericystectomy in three cases, and in one case we preferred to consider the percutaneous drainage. In case of multiple extra-abdominal organ localization, we first treated the liver localizations. Results. There has not been operative or post-operative mortality. Follow-up has been done for 1 and ndash;10 years and has revealed no recurrence. Conclusion. Surgery could have satisfactory results among patients with single and multiple large (> 5 cm) cysts in multiple organs. In case of recurrence, adhesion to the inferior cava vein or when general conditions are poor, the percutaneous intracystic injection of 90% ethanol followed by the cyst drainage (PAIR) is strongly recommended. [Arch Clin Exp Surg 2014; 3(2.000): 102-106]

The aim of this article is to evaluate the factors influencing the choice of laparoscopic echinococcectomy (LapEE) in liver echinococcosis (LE) and its impact on postoperative outcomes. The article presents a retrospective analysis of the effectiveness of LapEE depending on gender, age, cyst location, size and stage of echinococcal cysts (EC) development, also taking into account the performance of drainage or abdominal interventions in relation to the residual cavity (RC). The study included patients with the primary form of LE - 46 patients who underwent LapEE at the State Institution "Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center for Surgery, named after the academician V. Vakhidov", between 2019 and 2020. Taking into account the stage of cyst development, various difficulties with aspiration or removal of the cyst contents occurred in only 14 (30.4%) cases, more often with type II-IV cystic echinococcosis (CE). Another problem was the difficulty with adequate revision and treatment of RC (in 6 (13.0%) patients) with predominantly intraparenchymal localization. Difficulties with performing percytectomy with sufficient excision of the fibrous capsule were noted in 9 (19.6%) cases. In the period up to a week after the operation, the drainage was removed for cysts up to 8 cm in 11 (36.7%) cases, with more than 8 cm - in 5 (31.3%). By 3 weeks of observation, the drains were removed in all cases with cysts up to 8 cm, while with large sizes in 12.5% (2 patients) cases, the drainage was removed on days 21–28 and in 1 (6.3%) patient at a later period. In general, in the group, complications from the RC on days 9–27 after LapEE were noted in 10 (21.7%) of 46 patients, fluid accumulation in 8 (17.4%) and suppuration in 2 (4.3%). Most complications were resolved conservatively - 13.0% (in 6 patients), a minimal invasive drainage of the RC was performed in 6.5% (3 patients), 1 (2.2%) patient was operated on with a RC abscess. Among the main factors that technically complicate LapEE, in addition to localization, difficulties with aspiration or removal of cyst contents in CE II, III, and IV are highlighted due to the presence of many daughter cysts that completely fill the maternal membrane (CE II, III) or thick viscous discharge (CE IV), as well as difficulties in performing a pericystectomy for adequate elimination of the RC when the hydatid is located 3/4 or more in the liver parenchyma. • Evaluation of the factors influencing the choice of laparoscopic echinococcectomy (LapEE) in liver echinococcosis (LE) and its impact on postoperative outcomes. • Patients with the primary form of LE. • The stage of cyst development, various difficulties with aspiration or removal of the cyst contents. • Difficulty with adequate revision and treatment of RC (in 6 (13.0%) patients) with predominantly intraparenchymal localization. • Main factors that technically complicate LapEE, in addition to localization, difficulties with aspiration or removal of cyst contents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the technology for diagnostic modeling of liver echinococcosis., Material and Methods: In the Botkin Clinical Hospital, we developed a theory of diagnostic modeling of liver echinococcosis. Treatment outcomes were analyzed in 264 patients who underwent various surgical interventions., Results: A retrospective group enrolled 147 patients. When comparing the results of diagnostic and surgical stages, we identified 4 models of liver echinococcosis. The choice of surgical intervention in the prospective group was based on previous models. Diagnostic modeling reduced the number of general surgical and specific complications, as well as mortality in the prospective study group., Conclusion: The technology for diagnostic modeling of liver echinococcosis made it possible not only to identify 4 models of liver echinococcosis, but also determine the most optimal surgical intervention for each of model.

Background and aim. The aim of this study was to report our 44-year experience (1963-2006) in the management of primarily infected hydatid cyst of the liver. This is a retrospective review of demographic data, clinical presentation, diagnostic work-up, surgical management, and long-term outcome of patients treated at our center. Material and methods. There were 77 patients with operated infected liver cysts. In the same period, a total of 460 cases with liver hydatidosis were treated surgically. Of those with suppurated cysts, 27 were men and 50 were women, with a mean age 54.5 years. Results. Clinical manifestations of an abscess were identified in 75% of the patients. In the earlier cases of the study, the diagnosis was made from the clinical picture, laboratory studies, in combination with plain X-ray, hepatic scintigraphy, and in the later cases with US (ultrasonography), CT (computed tomography) or MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), and ERCP (endoscopic cholangiopangreatography). Abdominal and, rarely, thoracic and abdominal or thoracoabdominal incisions were used. Total cystopericystectomy in 8 patients and partial pericystectomy and proper drainage with one or two drainage tubes of the cystic cavity in the other 69 patients were carried out. Hospital stay was between 13 and 146 days with 5 re-operations. Two patients with grossly suppurated cysts and coexistent medical problems died. The disease recurred in five patients. Conclusions. We conclude that, under good perioperative antibiotic and metabolic coverage, the infected hydatid cysts have to be completely evacuated and properly drained. The application of "conservative" surgical procedures should be preferred. Further studies are needed to solve the clinical and therapeutic problems of this serious complication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study clinical manifestations and difficulties in diagnosis of liver echinococcosis in a non-endemic region and to assess the long-term results of surgical treatment and quality of life., Material and Methods: The study included 36 residents of a non-endemic region with liver echinococcosis operated on in the Perm Regional Clinical Hospital over the past 15 years. IgG antibodies to echinococcal antigens were determined using enzyme immunoassay. Topical diagnosis was performed using ultrasound and contrast-enhanced computed tomography. We analyzed various difficulties of preoperative diagnosis. Long-term postoperative outcomes and quality of life were studied using the SF-36 questionnaire., Results: In the non-endemic Perm Region, 36% of patients with liver echinococcosis had complicated forms of disease. Sensitivity of detection of antibodies was 77%, ultrasound - 86.1%, CT - 91.7. Echinococcectomy was performed in 13.9% of cases, pericystecomy - 41.7%, liver resection - 30.6%, minimally invasive interventions - in 13.9% of patients. Long-term recurrence of liver echinococcosis (11.1%) developed after laparoscopic echinococcectomy ( n =2) and open surgery for multiple liver echinococcosis ( n =2). Median score of physical health in long-term period was slightly higher than mental health (67.51 and 62.75 points, respectively). Physical activity had a weak negative correlation with age ( p =0.001, r = -0.251). Concomitant diseases significantly impaired vital activity ( p =0.001, r = -0.332), role and emotional functioning ( p =0.002, r = -0.494; p =0.003, r = -0.415)., Conclusion: In a non-endemic region, final diagnosis was established only during therapeutic measures in 8.33% of cases. Surgical treatment ensured favorable quality of life in long-term period.

Introduction: Recently, in international medical organizations, more and more interest is shown towards diseases in humans, among which the cystic form of echinococcosis (CE) is given special importance. As a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of cestodes belonging to the genus Echinococcus and the Taeniidae family, CE in 2014 was recognized globally by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and WHO as the second most important foodborne parasitic pathology. In the 2018, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) considered CE among the food-borne parasites of highest relevance in Europe., Purpose: to study the actual epidemiology of human echinococcosis lesion in the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2015-2019 to highlight the mean annual incidence of this pathology in all regions of the country, as well as the extensive value of the proportion of echinococcosis of the liver (EL), lungs (LE) and other localizations., Material and Methods: The officially registered data for all regions of the country for 2015-2019 were studied. An ultrasound screening of the abdominal organs of the population of the Khorezm region was carried out during 2019 to determine the effectiveness of early diagnosis of EL. A total of 104,284 inhabitants were examined, of which 38,660 were children and 65,624 were adults., Results: According to the processed statistical data for all regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2015-2019 on average, 2105.0 ± 43.3 patients with echinococcosis of various localizations were diagnosed. The mean annual incidence was 6.5 ± 0.09 per 100,000 inhabitants. The extensive value of the EL share was 79.4 ± 0.9% (1672.2 ± 35.6 on average per year), high-level rate - 5.2 ± 0.08 per 100,000 inhabitants; the proportion of LE was 14.0 ± 0.8% (295.2 ± 17.8), the prevalence was 0.9 ± 0.06 per 100,000 inhabitants; the proportion of echinococcosis of other localizations was 6.5 ± 0.5% (137.6 ± 13.4), the high-level value was 0.4 ± 0.03 per 100,000 inhabitants. The frequency of detection of the liver or other abdominal organs echinococcosis during screening ultrasound in the Khorezm region was 0.009%, in turn, the examination of family members of these patients increased this indicator to 0.011%., (© 2021 The Authors.)

Objective: To analyze the development of surgical approaches for hepatic echinococcosis., Material and Methods: We have analyzed diagnosis and treatment of 349 patients with liver echinococcosis; 97 patients were treated at the Botkin Clinical Hospital for the period from 2009 to 2019 and 252 patients were treated in surgical hospitals of Moscow city for the period from 2014 to 2019., Results: General and specific postoperative complications, relapses and surgical approaches were assessed. The number of echinococcectomies performed in surgical hospitals of Moscow is 3 times higher compared to the Botkin Hospital. The number of liver resections is comparable in both groups. The number of pericystectomies is more than 2 times higher in the Botkin Hospital. PAIR technique was more common in surgical hospitals of Moscow., Conclusion: Evolution of surgical treatment from open echinococcectomy to anatomical liver resections and subsequent pericystectomy with PAIR technique becomes another round of evolutionary spiral in the development of surgical treatment of liver echinococcosis.

In analysis exposed the results of treatment 513 patients, operated in Samarkand State Medical Institution's clinic of surgical separation during for the 10 years (2006-2015). On the occasion of primary the liver echinococcosis were operated 379 (73.9 %) sicks. From all the groups of operated patients, 207 patients were limited of limited of surgical operation, chemotherapy were not hold (2006-2008). And other 306 operated patients patients were hold chemotherapy in full content (2008-2015). The frequency of reccurence of the patients without chemotherapy has formed 9.7 % (n = 20). Patients after prophylactic chemotherapy recurrences noted only in 3 (0.9 %) events. The primary operation on cause of the liver echinococcosis without supporting phylactic chemotherapy, held on in condition of the modern high-tech surgical institution, does not guarantee from recidivation of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of 302 patients with liver echinococcosis (LE) complicated by lesions of bile duct during 1988 to 2015 were analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups. In the first group, 227 patients were included with lesions of segmental bile ducts in the form of cystobiliary and bilio-bronchial fistulas. In the second group, 75 patients with lesions of hepatic bile were enrolled. Diagnosis of LE and its complications was made by ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT). Surgical treatment included echinococcectomy with complete liquidation of a residual cavity (35.1%), echinococcectomy with suturing (46.0%), external drainage of a residual cavity (7.3%), pericystectomy (8.6%), and resection of a liver (3.0%). Postoperative complications related to operative intervention developed in 29 patients. Lethal outcomes took place in 6 cases (2.0%). The analysis has shown that the form of bile duct lesions, methods of surgical operation for liquidation of hydatid cysts, and its biliary complications had influenced the treatment outcome. More optimal results are received after complete liquidation of residual cavity in different ways and suturing of cystobiliary fistulas during operation. For prevention of complications related to the presence of residual cavity, laser processing of walls of a residual cavity by ozonized 17% hypertonic solution of NaCl was used and this procedure showed obvious (p < 0.05) advantages., How to Cite This Article: Aghayev RM. Liver Echinococcosis complicated with Lesions of Bile Ducts in Azerbaijan. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2016;6(2):125-130., Competing Interests: Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None