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Background In response to the transformative impact of blockchain technology on economic and financial landscapes, there is a critical need for a review study that analyses the knowledge landscape from diverse perspectives. Methods This research VOSviewer, and Bibliometrix to undertake a bibliometric analysis of the expanding literature related to blockchain technology within the financial sector. Through a examination of 500 published articles, the study identifies insightful trends, patterns, and emerging domains on a global scale. Results The findings highlight the advancing trajectory of blockchain research in finance, with a notable concentration of studies originating from the United States and China, both in terms of total publications and citations. Key thematic clusters identified include “smart contracts,” “financial institutions,” “initial coin offerings,” and “big data analytics.” Intersections with financial risk management, digital transformation, and the integration of big data analytics with artificial intelligence and machine learning are particularly noteworthy, marking focal points of exploration. Conclusions While affirming the potential of blockchain, the analysis also sheds light on persistent impediments hindering its widespread adoption and utilization. This study not only contributes to the current understanding of blockchain in finance but also serves as a valuable resource for future researchers. It guides systematic reviews by pinpointing prominent journals and influential authors within the dynamic field of blockchain finance, thereby fostering a deeper understanding and facilitating further exploration in this evolving field.

Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is an infrequently observed condition. However, it is considered to be one of the most complex ailments in the field of pediatric orthopedics. In cases where a tibial fracture is absent, the conventional treatment approach involves using bracing as a preventive measure against fractures. Various surgical modalities have been proposed for the management of CPT, including intramedullary (IM) rod fixation, external fixators, on-lay grafts, cancellous grafts, periosteal grafts, Paley cross-union, amputation, vascularized fibula grafts, and induced membrane techniques. These modalities can be used in different combinations and permutations. The need for repetitive surgical interventions due to unsuccessful therapeutic outcomes or modifications in secondary treatments can significantly disrupt the childhood experience, resulting in prolonged and recurrent functional limitations. In certain instances, amputation may be required as a primary or secondary treatment modality. This literature review will clarify the current surgical interventions for CPT disease based on a summary of research data. The surgery the patient receives significantly impacts their general health and capacity to heal.

Exploration of effective pedagogical methods is the main focus aimed at cultivating not only specific knowledge of the subject matter but also critical thinking skills. Referring to the dynamics of exploring critical thinking skills, the role of critical thinking is considered highly important as a support for individual success, even regarded as a crucial skill. The current study aims to examine the role of critical thinking philosophy in Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in science education. This study is a literature review, where information and relevant data were sourced from Scopus and Google Scholar databases. The review findings reveal that science education is not just about knowledge of subject matter content but also about thinking skills. Critical thinking is deemed essential in the 21st century and requires stimuli to develop. One of the learning models that support the development of critical thinking is PBL. The literature review results also disclose the context of critical thinking philosophy, the concept of critical thinking, and critical thinking philosophy in PBL. Critical thinking is reflected in four key indicators: the ability to analyze, evaluate, inference, and decision-making. The review highlights how PBL facilitates critical thinking through engagement with complex problems, active learning, student autonomy, reflection, and repeated problem-solving. Thus, PBL aligns with philosophical principles emphasizing active engagement and experiential learning, inherently fostering students' critical thinking skills.

Vanishing of white matter (VWM) is a hereditary heterogeneous brain disorder that most often affects children. However, the onset of the disease varies from childhood to adulthood. VWM is caused by mutations in one of the five genes encoding subunits of the eukaryotic initiation factor eIF2B. In the current study, we aimed to determine the genetic cause of VWM in a large consanguineous Iranian family with three affected members. Next-generation sequencing was conducted on the proband to determine the underlying cause of VWM. The identified variant was validated by PCR-Sanger sequencing in the patient and was also segregated in his parents and two other affected members of the pedigree. The potential functional effects of this mutation within EIF2B5 were predicted by in silico analysis. We have also reviewed all EIF2B5 disease-causing variants and available clinical features of each patient reported in HGMD Professional 2022.2. A novel homozygous variant c.746T>G [p.Ile249Ser] was detected in EIF2B5 which was co-segregated with the disease in all affected family members in an autosomal recessive manner. All employed in silico prediction tools and 3D structure analysis for the novel mutation also supported the pathogenicity of this variant. Our study not only expanded the spectrum of the pathogenic variants in EIF2B5 but also presented a literature review on EIF2B5-related conditions that provide a comprehensive picture of the genetic nature of this gene and phenotypic variability in patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hend M Alotaibi Dermatology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Hend M Alotaibi, Dermatology department, College of medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tel +966118266482, Email halotaibi1@ksu.edu.saAbstract: Hidradenitis suppurativa, a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin, affects a patient’s quality of life to a greater extent. While the disease burden, including its incidence and prevalence, has been extensively studied in the western population, there is a paucity of data from developing countries on the epidemiology of Hidradenitis suppurativa. Therefore, a general literature review was conducted to shed light on the epidemiology of Hidradenitis suppurativa across the globe. We reviewed the most recently available information on epidemiology, including incidence, prevalence, risk factors, prognosis and quality of life, complications, and associated comorbid among patients with Hidradenitis suppurativa. The estimated global prevalence of Hidradenitis suppurativa is found to be 0.00033– 4.1%, with a relatively higher prevalence of 0.7– 1.2% in European and US populations. Both genetic and environmental factors are associated with Hidradenitis suppurativa. Patients with Hidradenitis suppurativa have associated comorbid such as cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes mellitus, mental health issues, and sleep and sexual dysfunctions. These patients spend poor quality of life and tend to be less productive. Future studies are needed to assess the burden of Hidradenitis suppurativa in developing countries. Since the disease tends to be underdiagnosed, future studies should rely on clinical diagnosis rather than self-reporting to avoid the potential of recall bias. Attention needs to be diverted to developing countries with less amount of data on Hidradenitis suppurativa.Keywords: Hidradenitis suppurativa, epidemiology, globe, literature review

This paper focuses on analyzing the level of research development regarding reputational risk on a general basis to identify what topics remain to be investigated. As a result, it offers a broader scope of research, including research debates, resolutions, and gaps that are relevant to the topic. A bibliometric analysis has been employed in this study to identify the topic’s trends and pinpoint potential gaps in the literature. The data were collected from the Scopus database for the period of 1994–2022, where the search resulted in a total of 659 documents relating in any way to reputational risk that fit the selection criteria. Research shows that conducted investigations are in favor of reputation risk and e-commerce, reputation insurance, corporate social responsibility, operational risk, risk management, and sustainability reporting. However, some of the articles' results on related topics were contradictory, and others found no evidence relating to reputation risk; some other topics were not fully examined or presented in the literature. Therefore, the current topic-related literature does not suffice, and further research is required to cover more topics on reputation risk and further highlight alignment between similar studies. This study has brought to light the relevant papers related to reputational risk and demonstrated potential gaps in the literature by investigating articles’ contradictory results on the researched topics, in turn conveying which topics need further examination. Thus, the literature will continue to evolve as members of the global academic community strive to fill the gaps and identify potential rescue strategies for jeopardized business entities. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-02-025 Full Text: PDF

Meshari A Alzahrani,1 Mishal M Alasmari,2 Moataz I Altokhais,3 Fawaz W Alkeraithe,4 Talal A Alghamdi,4 Abdulaziz S Aldaham,5 Alwaleed H Hakami,6 Saud Alomair,7 Basel O Hakami8 1Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia; 2College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Urology, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Urology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 5College of Medicine, Jouf University, Al Gurayat, Saudi Arabia; 6College of Medicine and Surgery, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; 7College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia; 8Department of Urology, King Faisal Medical City for Southern Region (KFMC), Abha, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Meshari A Alzahrani, Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966569990693, Fax +966164042500, Email ma.alzahrani@mu.edu.saAbstract: Testicular torsion is a serious urologic emergency that can present with unusual or atypical history and examination. Classical pain from testicular torsion is of sudden onset, significantly severe, and is accompanied by nausea and vomiting. However, in some patients, the initial scrotal pain appears to considerably subside within the next few hours. In others, testicular torsion tends to occur while sleeping, and many patients recount a history of being woken up from sleep by intense pain. Furthermore, some patients in this subset can resume normal activities and even sleep through the night with little or no discomfort, without a perceived need for pain medications. Other patients initially experience mild pain, which worsens over time. Consequently, these patients are less likely to be evaluated immediately. In view of these atypical cases, the question remains unanswered regarding sleep as a predisposing factor for testicular torsion. This narrative review focuses on exploring the association between sleep and testicular torsion.Keywords: testicular torsion, torsion of the spermatic cord, acute scrotum, sleep, sleeping, literature review

The aim of this research is to analyze lecturers' attitudes towards vocational education and their impact on the success of vocational education practice. Vocational education is a government program, where vocational education is education that supports improving skills, which is the government's focus on skills education, especially providing work-ready skills. The research uses a literature review study method with descriptive analysis techniques. used to collect data. There are 11 journals in the last 5 years that meet the criteria based on research results, character education has been taught from an early age, so that character education in higher education is at the strengthening stage. The method used in providing lecturer attitude training at Vocational Higher Education (PTV) is attitude education carried out by the entire academic community. Attitude education at PTV is more flexible because the curriculum at PTV adapts to the needs of stakeholders (hospitals or the health sector).

Although there is a consensus on the need for an active employment policy, there are still differences in opinion on which tools should be used to achieve employment policy objectives. The aim of the paper is to examine whether the instruments of active employment policy in the EU countries using the LMP database have been effectively set up, as there is a clear difference in the allocation of public expenditure and how it is provided according to specific support programs. The results suggest that countries such as Austria, Sweden and Germany are examples of the right policy setting (from the allocation of funds to their evaluation). If we evaluate the position of Slovakia, according to the results of the studies, we can say that the most effective tools are in the field of education and therefore the volume of their funding should be increased. Instruments from the Employment incentives section, where Slovakia has the most funds, were found to be effective, but only on the short term, therefore we recommend reassessing the 51.80% stake in this section. The least effective instruments are in the Direct job creation section, in which Slovakia also invests the lowest amount of funds.

Resumo: este artigo apresenta um levantamento sistemático de publicações e propõe uma discussão qualitativa sobre a produção científica de estudos em aquisição de morfologia em comparação a outros níveis de análise linguística dentro do campo de Aquisição e Desenvolvimento de Linguagem no Brasil. Os resultados demonstram que nos últimos 30 anos há menos estudos sobre fenômenos morfológicos durante a aquisição de língua materna do que estudos de aquisição de aspectos fonológicos, sintáticos, semânticos e pragmáticos no corpus selecionado. O maior interesse das pesquisas sobre o português brasileiro está na aquisição do sistema verbal e aborda o fenômeno da regularização e a existência de formas morfológicas variantes na aquisição de regras morfofonológicas. Em seguida, desperta interesse o desenvolvimento do sistema nominal, com a investigação da concordância variável de número, com controle da ocorrência de concordância redundante e não redundante, seguido pela aquisição da categoria de gênero com especial interesse na variação promovida pelas trocas morfêmicas realizadas pelas crianças. Dentre os pouco representativos estudos sobre a morfologia derivacional, são escassos os trabalhos que fazem uma investigação frente a questões de pesquisa definidas em um quadro teórico específico. São mais presentes os estudos de levantamento de ocorrências de afixos e da investigação da consciência morfológica infantil. Por fim, desenha-se uma agenda inicial de pesquisa para os estudos de aquisição de aspectos morfológicos e lexicais e se destaca que o estudo de tais questões empíricas só se faz justificável frente a um modelo de língua para a Morfologia e para o Léxico. Palavras-chave: aquisição de linguagem; aquisição de morfologia; revisão de literatura. Abstract: this paper presents a systematic survey of publications and proposes a qualitative discussion on the scientific production of studies in Morphology Acquisition in comparison to other levels of linguistic analysis within the field of Language Acquisition and Development in Brazil. The results show that in the last 30 years there have been fewer studies on morphological phenomena during first language acquisition than studies on the acquisition of phonological, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects in the selected corpus. The greatest interest of research on Brazilian Portuguese is in the acquisition of the verbal system and addresses the phenomenon of regularization and the existence of variant morphological forms in the acquisition of morphophonological rules. Then, the development of the nominal system arouses interest, with the investigation of the variable number agreement, with control of the occurrence of redundant and non-redundant agreement, followed by the acquisition of the gender category with special interest in the variation promoted by the morphemic exchanges carried out by the kids. Among the little representative studies on derivational morphology, there are few studies that carry out an investigation in relation to research questions defined in a specific theoretical framework. Studies on the survey of affix occurrences and the investigation of children’s morphological awareness are more present. Finally, a research agenda is drawn up for studies on the acquisition of morphological and lexical aspects and it is emphasized that the study of such empirical issues is only justified insofar as it appears behind a language model for morphology and for the lexicon. Keywords: language acquisition; morphology acquisition; literature review.

Michèle Cazaubon,1 Jean-Patrick Benigni,2 Marcio Steinbruch,3 Violaine Jabbour,4 Christelle Gouhier-Kodas4 1Private Vascular Specialist, Paris, France; 2Pedagogical Support Office, Faculty of Medicine Pitié-Salpétrière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; 3Hospital Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; 4Laboratoire Innotech International, Arcueil, FranceCorrespondence: Christelle Gouhier-Kodas Email christelle.gouhier-kodas@innothera.comAbstract: Flavonoids are oral venoactive drugs frequently prescribed to relieve the symptoms of chronic venous disorders (CVD). Among venoactive drugs, diosmin is a naturally occurring flavonoid glycoside that can be isolated from various plant sources; it can also be obtained after conversion of hesperidin extracted from citrus rinds. Micronized purified flavonoid fraction (MPFF) is a preparation that contains mainly diosmin and a small fraction of hesperidin. We performed a state-of-the-art literature review to collect and analyze well-conducted randomized clinical studies comparing diosmin – also called non-micronized or hemisynthetic diosmin – 600 mg a day and MPFF, 1000 mg a day. Three clinical studies met the criteria and were included for this literature review. These clinical studies showed a significant decrease of CVD symptom intensity (up to approximately 50%) and global patient satisfaction after one-to-six-month treatment with diosmin or MPFF, without statistical differences between these two forms of diosmin. Both treatments were well tolerated with few mild adverse drug reactions reported. Overall, based on this literature review, there is no clinical benefit to increase the dose of diosmin beyond 600 mg per day, to use the micronized form, or to add hesperidin, since clinical efficacy on venous symptomatology is achieved with 600 mg per day of pure non-micronized diosmin. This challenges the status of diosmin – 600 mg a day – in guidelines for the management of CVD, which is currently categorized 2C (weak recommendations for use and poor quality of evidence), while the most widely used and assessed preparation MPFF is rated 1B (strong recommendation for use and moderate quality of evidence).Keywords: chronic venous disorders, venoactive drugs, flavonoids, randomized clinical trials, literature review

Bo Cheng,* Hongsheng Deng,* Yi Zhao,* Feng Zhu, Hengrui Liang, Caichen Li, Ran Zhong, Jianfu Li, Shan Xiong, Zhuxing Chen, Wenhua Liang, Jianxing He Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, 510120, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wenhua Liang; Jianxing HeDepartment of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, 151, Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-20-83337792Fax +86-20-83350363Email liangwh1987@163.com; drjianxing.he@gmail.comAbstract: There are increasing numbers of synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (SMPLC) patients in clinical practice, with most lesions presenting as ground-glass opacity (GGO). For SMPLC patients, surgical resection should be a prior option for all lesions suspected of being malignant, if medically and technically feasible. However, it is frequently a dilemma for the management of residual GGO lesions that were unresected simultaneously with the main tumor in SMPLC patients. We report a case of SMPLC, in which the patient underwent surgical resection of the major lesion with EGFR mutation and then received compelling EGFR-TKI treatment for one enlarging residual GGO lesion after 12 months since operation. Furthermore, a comprehensive literature review about the risk for the progress of GGOs unresected simultaneously with the main lesion and the management of these residual GGOs was also summarized. With the treatment of EGFR-TKI gefitinib for 3 months, the biggest residual GGO lesion (more than 10mm) achieved a complete response (CR), three lesions reduced in size, and the other three lesions remained stable in this case. Surgical resection for major lesion and EGFR-TKI treatment on unresected GGOs might bring favorable outcome for patients with EGFR-mutated multifocal lung cancer. This strategy is safe and effective, which could be a promising therapeutic approach for unresectable GGO lesions in EGFR-mutated SMPLC patients after primary surgery. Notably, folate receptor-positive circulating tumor cell (FR+-CTC) for therapeutic monitoring was more sensitive for GGO-featured lung adenocarcinoma than serum markers.Keywords: multiple primary lung cancer, ground-glass opacity, epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinases inhibitor, folate receptor-positive circulating tumor cell, literature review

Social stories, as a technique of psychoeducational intervention, constitute a recurring element in the practice of professionals responsible for intervention with people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This work presents a review of the scientific literature of the last decade about the effectiveness of the application of social stories in the intervention in communication and social skills in people with ASD. Twenty-nine empirical studies were selected according to specific criteria, analyzed according to six categories: age of the participants, objective of the intervention, context of application, person applying the intervention, social validity, and comparison with other intervention strategies. Although the results about the effectiveness of this intervention are not conclusive, social stories are valued as a significant tool to implement or develop behaviors in children and preadolescents with ASD in their main socialization contexts and with people close to them.

This paper presents a literature review focused on the education of researchers for the education policy field. Six studies related to this topic were found (TELLO, 2015; 2017; GOROSTIAGA, 2017; DALPIAZ, 2017; MAINARDES; STREMEL, 2017; 2019). The results of the review showed that the process of education for research in Education Policy is still scarce, since this is a recent field of research that has not been fully explored. However, the texts found discuss important elements of this theme. It seems relevant to emphasize that this is an important theme, since the development of researchers is associated to the future of this field and its consolidation. The works included in the review were observed to present certain convergence regarding their discourse about the theme, mainly, when addressing the importance of the teaching/learning process in the development of the researcher for the Education Policy field, as well as in relation to theoretical-epistemological issues, mainly the epistemologies of the Education Policy.

This study aimed to explore and compare interactive meta-discourse markers used in the introduction and literature review sections of the management articles written by Iranian and foreign scholars based on Hyland’s (2005) model. A quantitative design was selected. The materials used in this study included 60 English management articles: 30 articles were written by Iranian Scholars and 30 by foreign scholars. They were selected through availability purposive sampling. After data collection, the introduction and literature review sections of the papers were investigated by the researchers in terms of the use of interactive meta-discourse markers (i.e., transitions, evidentials and code glosses) based on Hyland’s (2005) model. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. According to the results, in Iranian scholars’ articles, the most frequent meta-discourse markers used in the introduction and literature review sections of the management articles based on Hyland’s model were transitions and evidentials, respectively. In addition, the least frequent meta-discourse markers used in the introduction and literature review sections of the management articles written by Iranian scholars based on Hyland’s (2005) model were code glosses. Regarding foreign scholars’ articles, transitions were shown to be the most frequent meta-discourse marker used in the introduction section of the management articles based on Hyland’s (2005) model. In the literature review section of the articles, the highest frequency was related to evidentials and transitions. It was also revealed that the least frequency was for code glosses in both the introduction and literature sections of the articles by foreign scholars. According to the results obtained from Chi-square test, the observed difference between the frequency of interactive meta-discourse markers used in the introduction and literature review sections of the management articles written by Iranian and foreign scholars based on Hyland’s (2005) model was statistically significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research in the social sciences is concerned with complex social behaviour, group dynamics and unique human settings. Researchers have different patterns of thought and modes of thinking. As such, they often use different words to explain phenomena, thereby causing conceptual confusion. This article explains how conceptual frameworks can help overcome such confusion by serving as visual organising tools and mental maps to direct and guide research. By using a descriptive approach, the article aims firstly to outline the necessity, purpose, nature and scope of conceptual frameworks in social science research and, secondly, to provide a ‘how-to’ guide on the design of such a framework by exploring a practical example. The results illustrate conclusively the significant contribution that conceptual frameworks can and should make in social science research.

In this review paper we compiled and demonstrated the trends and patterns of the research published on ICT Applications in the construction industry over the past two decades (1996-2016), through employing a five phases profiling methodology which generated an acceptable set of 68 out of 202 articles and papers indexed by Elsevier’s Scopus database. This paper reviews the utmost academic ICT applications and proposals/ initiatives in the construction industry taking an advantage of a previously generated research journal on ICT Technologies and Construction Tasks. A resulting classification of 11 categories of ICT Applications as appeared in literature along with their corresponding authors and dates was provided and discussed.

This article aims to analyze the relevance of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) for companies that face periods of crisis by means of a literature review that enables to understand the opportunities this tool offers for organizational management. Thus, this work is based on the hypothesis that the BSC is indeed extremely useful for companies and its implementation has a positive effect; hence, its application may be more an imperative than a choice. The history of the BSC and its birth in the United States are also analyzed. Furthermore, this review highlights some real examples of the implementation of the BSC model. Finally, a comparison is drawn between such model and its actual implementation in companies that experience an organizational crisis, in order to suggest a series of recommendations on the use of the BSC in the internal structure of companies.

Copyright of ALTER: European Journal of Disability Research, Journal Europeen de Erche sur le Handicap is the property of European Society for Disability Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Milly Buwenge,1 Silvia Cammelli,1 Ilario Ammendolia,1 Giorgio Tolento,1 Alice Zamagni,1 Alessandra Arcelli,2 Gabriella Macchia,3 Francesco Deodato,3 Savino Cilla,4 Alessio G Morganti1 1Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine – DIMES, Radiation Oncology Center, University of Bologna, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, 2Radiation Oncology Unit, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, 3Radiation Oncology Unit, 4Medical Physics Unit, Research and Care Foundation ‘Giovanni Paolo II,’ Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Campobasso, Italy Background: Owing to highly conformed dose distribution, intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has the potential to improve treatment results of radiotherapy (RT). Postoperative RT is a standard adjuvant treatment in conservative treatment of breast cancer (BC). The aim of this review is to analyze available evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on IMRT in BC, particularly in terms of reduction of side effects. Methods: A literature search of the bibliographic database PubMed, from January 1990 through November 2016, was performed. Only RCTs published in English were included. Results: Ten articles reporting data from 5 RCTs fulfilled the selection criteria and were included in our review. Three out of 5 studies enrolled only selected patients in terms of increased risk of toxicity. Three studies compared IMRT with standard tangential RT. One study compared the results of IMRT in the supine versus the prone position, and one study compared standard treatment with accelerated partial breast IMRT. Three studies reported reduced acute and/or late toxicity using IMRT compared with standard RT. No study reported improved quality of life. Conclusion: IMRT seems able to reduce toxicity in selected patients treated with postoperative RT for BC. Further analyses are needed to better define patients who are candidates for this treatment modality. Keywords: intensity modulated radiation therapy, breast cancer, literature review

Over the past decades, the project management field has evolved and consolidated. Facing this growth, this research aims to identify the main trends of research in the area, as well as providing an overview of publications, identifying new issues, changes in approaches and the development of knowledge areas. To do so, a systematic review of the literature was performed with the use of bibliometric study in the papers of the International Journal of Project Management (IJPM), included in SCOPUS, from its first volume to 2015, covering a period of more than 30 years. It was found that developing countries are increasingly concerned in developing research into the field of project management, especially in mega infrastructure projects and public-private partnerships. The risk is a central topic in all periods of analysis, however, the strategic topics such as success in project and portfolio management are among the fastest growing. Issues related to the soft side of project management as skills, culture, and knowledge management have emerged in recent periods. According to the industry, construction projects and projects in information technology are the most studied along the period analysed.

Abstract The Sustainable Product-Service Systems are a promising approach based on a Triple Bottom Line perspective of the sustainability. However, its practical and effective adoption is still very limited and addresses significant barriers for the manufacturing firms. Furthermore, this emergent topic has been discussed by literature mainly in large company's context, turning in a very limited and immature stage the current body of knowledge for the Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). Thus, considering the significance of small companies to the global economy and their intrinsic difficulties, the purpose of this study was to identify the main barriers involving the transition towards Sustainable Product-Service Systems in manufacturing Small and Medium-sized Enterprises as well as the strategies to overcome them. A systematic literature review of the past two decades was organized capturing the state of the art of the area. Findings reveal that internal barriers associated with intrinsic characteristics of SMEs become still more sensitive during the transition (e.g., limited financial resources, the lack of competences, follower mentality and resistance to change). As well as, barriers related with the novelty of Sustainable Product-Service Systems models require new attitudes to small companies (e.g., changing mindsets from product ownership to use, replacing the value of exchange by value in use involving long-term relations, understanding the Product-Service Systems concept) and particularly highlight the lack of models/methods supporting this transition. The practical contribution of this study is in organise a comprehensive body of knowledge on strategies to overcome barriers towards Sustainable Product-Service offering. Moreover, an innovative decision matrix supporting decision-makers during the Sustainable Product-Service System development was proposed from the literature review findings. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • A set of barriers affecting the SPSS transition in manufacturing SMEs was identified. • Internal barriers caused by intrinsic characteristics of SMEs become still more sensitive during the SPSS transition. • Barriers related to the novelty of SPSS business models require new attitudes to SMEs. • A set of strategies to overcome these barriers was identified. • A novel decision matrix supporting the SMEs was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supply Chain Management (SCM) is an important concept to establish links among companies. With the aim to reach the SCM goals, companies must define processes that links the decisions areas. In this context, a process to be dealt is the Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP). The S&OP is a tactical planning process, executed on monthly-basis and led by senior management with the aim to balance demand, production, distribution, procurement and finance, to ensure the plans and performance are aligned to support the business strategic plan. In this sense, a literature review was presented in this paper in order to compare the traditional approach and the demand-driven approach for the S&OP. As expected, because of the more complex environment to be dealt in a demand-driven environment, the S&OP evolved to be able to be executed properly. However, further studies in this area should be developed in order to obtain a final framework for the demand-driven S&OP, to analyse applications in industries, to understand performance implications and to develop a performance framework for the demand-driven S&OP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a literature review about data mining applications in Product/Service-Systems (PSS) design. A systematic literature review, combined with snowballing techniques, has been run to identify relevant contributions in the area. The analysis has focused on the categorization of the contributions according to their impact on the PSS design process and according to their theoretical or empirical nature. A picture of the different research achievements for each stage of the PSS design process have been drawn, identifying the research gaps in respect to the challenges of PSS design. Based on the analysis the paper proposes a set of research questions for each PSS design stage with the intent of facilitating the application of data mining techniques in PSS design, and ultimately push forward the state of the art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Clinical supervision, as a mechanism for promoting knowledge and professional skills of nurses, is a core activity in nursing practice. To use clinical supervision in nursing education, it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding of definitions and models. This paper explains the role and models of clinical supervision in nursing education. Methods: This study is a narrative review of the literature. It was conducted through Internet search in Pubmed and Science direct & Scopus. Using supervision nursing education, nursing administration, and supervisory as the key words, only English papers were searched for. Finally 47 articles, books and Persian article in the field of clinical supervision were reviewed. Results: Based on the literature review, clinical supervision is a continuous & systematic process through it nurses get advice from their supervisors. They practically review, maintain, and develop skills, knowledge, and standards of care. It helps to identify educational needs of nurses, which in turn, helps to understand the strengths and weaknesses of teaching and learning in order to promote purposeful learning in nurses. Conclusion: Findings show clinical supervision is a formal process. it has supportive and educational potential for nursing education. This can help last year nursing students and especially during the start-up work.

Introduction: Clinical education is one of the most important and crucial parts of health science education. Successful clinical education needs to adopt effective approaches that are based on up to date knowledge, clients’ and patients’ needs. Therefore, it can prepare the learners for learning. This study aimed to introduce some new approaches in clinical education. Methods: In this review study, data gathering was done by searching electronic resources including Google search engine and scientific database as well as hand searching of library resources. Results: So far, there have been several studies in the field of clinical education. Numerous approaches adopted or suggested by clinical education policy -makers to improve clinical competency of the learners of health sciences. This literature review has tried to introduce and discuss briefly some effective approaches including: 1) planned clinical experience, 2) dedicated education units and 3) integrating nursing process and problem solving. Conclusion: It is worthwhile for the clinical education programs to provide medical sciences learners with directed opportunities through which they can overcome their stress emerged from working in real clinical environment and apply their knowledge in the clinical practices.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), distributed in many tissues in the human body, are multipotent cells capable of differentiating in specific directions. It is usually considered that the differentiation process of MSCs depends on specialized external stimulating factors, including cell signaling pathways, cytokines, and other physical stimuli. Recent findings have revealed other underrated roles in the differentiation process of MSCs, such as material morphology and exosomes. Although relevant achievements have substantially advanced the applicability of MSCs, some of these regulatory mechanisms still need to be better understood. Moreover, limitations such as long-term survival in vivo hinder the clinical application of MSCs therapy. This review article summarizes current knowledge regarding the differentiation patterns of MSCs under specific stimulating factors., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare that they have no competing interests., (©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)

Résumé Objectifs Cet article vise à présenter et discuter l’évolution des catégorisations dont le transsexualisme a fait l’objet depuis son introduction dans les nomenclatures internationales (CIM et DSM) et présente les points de vue a-catégoriel et différentialiste de cette clinique singulière. Méthodologie Il a été procédé à une revue de littérature concernant les différentes définitions du transsexualisme, les remaniements de son diagnostic dans les nosographies internationales, ainsi qu’une mise en perspective des principaux travaux des auteurs ayant traité ce sujet. Résultats Il a été constaté que le transsexualisme a connu plusieurs modifications passant du syndrome transsexuel à part entière à l’actuelle dysphorie de genre avec ou sans trouble du développement des organes sexuels proposée par le DSM 5. Cette nouvelle version du diagnostic basée sur une approche a-catégorielle élargit le précédent trouble de l’identité sexuelle du DSM-IV jusqu’à en faire presque disparaître le transsexualisme. Discussion Ce rassemblement de tous les troubles de l’identité sexuelle en un seul et unique diagnostic est discutable. Confondu en une seule entité clinique, il est dès lors plus difficile de faire la distinction entre les différents types de troubles de l’identité sexuelle, entre les différents types de transsexualisme et de différencier le transsexualisme du proche mais distinct transgenderism . Conclusion La proposition du diagnostic de dysphorie de genre nous apparaît comme un risque d’amalgame empêchant une distinction clinique nécessaire pour la mise en place d’une prise en charge adaptée à chacun de ces troubles. Il est donc exposé l’intérêt d’une approche catégorielle du transsexualisme et des troubles de l’identité sexuelle. Purposes This article presents the various successive ways in which trans-sexualism has been conceptualized and categorized since its introduction in the international nomenclatures (ICD and DSM), and presents the a-categorical and differentialist viewpoints on this singular clinical subject. Methodology A review of the literature of the different definitions and the revisions of diagnoses in the international nosographies, and of the main works on trans-sexualism was performed. Results This review shows that trans-sexualism has been conceptualized and categorized in various ways since its introduction, ranging from the trans-sexual syndrome itself to the current gender dysphoria as proposed by the DSM 5. This new version based on an a-categorical approach broadens the earlier gender identity disorder in the DSM IV to the extent that trans-sexualism almost disappears. Discussion Gathering all gender identity disorders into a single diagnosis is controversial. If they are combined into one single clinical entity, it is more difficult to differentiate between the different types of gender identity disorder, the different subtypes of trans-sexualism and to distinguish trans-sexualism from the transgenderism, which is not the same phenomenon. Conclusion The proposal to use a single diagnosis of gender dysphoria diagnostic entails the risk that the assimilation will prevent the clinical precision needed to instate appropriate treatment for each individual gender identity disorder. We therefore conclude to the interest of a categorical approach of trans-sexualism and gender identity disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For patients 40 years and over, ischemic coronary heart diseases are the most common reasons for admittance in European and North American hospitals. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has proved to be the most effective treatment for ischemic coronary heart diseases when other treatments are ineffective. The aim of this article was through a synthesis to integrate and explore qualitative studies regarding patients’ post-CABG experiences. Electronic searches were carried out in four databases using search terms for CABG combined with key search terms associated with qualitative research. Nineteen of 45 qualitative studies identified met the inclusion criteria. The included studies were appraised by a reading guide. Relevant findings where subsequently thematically analyzed in line with principles in qualitative descriptive research. The following key concepts described patients’ experiences after CABG: The paradox of surviving alone with supportive relations, sense of self-disrupted, losses, fears and getting on with life. Thus, the synthesis revealed that patients’ postoperative experiences influence their existential aspects of lifelong after surgery. Surprisingly, few studies treated suffering from postoperative pain as a specific topic. This underlines the need for more qualitative research exploring specific postsurgical experiences such as postoperative pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of ESEM technology to the conservation of cultural heritage and other fields is reviewed. Several applications are presented with a focus on reaction kinetics and micro to nano-scale material behaviours, including time-lapse studies of reaction kinetics for NaCl and NaNO3; verification of the stone decay mechanism at the site of Copan, Honduras; and ESEM/EDS analysis of the first photograph (1826). A review of other ESEM applications reveals some important trends, especially in the materials science, electronics and biosciences fields, such as quantitative ESEM/EDS; 1.8 nm resolution imaging of extreme insulators in VP/ESEM; and ESEM analysis of emulsions and cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses how Latino adults access mental health services based on an examination of several epidemiological studies on the topic. These studies suggest that compared to non-Latino whites, Latinos underutilized mental health services. They are less likely to receive guidelines congruent care and rely more on primary care for services. The studies also highlighted that structural, economic, psychiatric and cultural factors influence Latinos' service access.

Objective: To review the literature on the cognitive-behavioral treatment of children and adolescents with anxiety and depressive disorders within the conceptual framework of evidence-based medicine.Method: The psychiatric and psychological literature was systematically searched for controlled trials applying cognitive-behavioral treatment to pediatric anxiety and depressive disorders.Results: For both anxiety and depression, substantial evidence supports the efficacy of problem-specific cognitive-behavioral interventions. Comparisons with wait-list, inactive control, and active control conditions suggest medium to large effects for symptom reduction in primary outcome domains.Conclusions: From an evidence-based perspective, cognitive-behavioral therapy is currently the treatment of choice for anxiety and depressive disorders in children and adolescents. Future research in this area will need to focus on comparing cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy with other treatments, component analyses, and the application of exportable protocol-driven treatments to divergent settings and patient populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Der Chirurg is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses on the racial variation in white pine blister rust. Racial variation in white pine blister rust was observed first by the researchers R.L. Anderson and D.W. French. They infected Ribes hirtellum with rust collections from three different five-needle species and found significantly different infection responses. Evidence of variability in the white pine blister rust fungus is strong enough to call for long quarantines in transporting seedlings of pines, cuttings or seedlings of Ribes or Pedicularis species or of any of the spore stages of the fungus into North America. Variation within North America warrants quarantines to restrict exchange of materials east-west, north-south, and coast to inland.

The uncertain nature and erratic course of chronic illnesses pose unique challenges for those diagnosed. To help the growing numbers of nongeriatric adult clients with chronic illness, social workers are obliged to develop a substantial awareness surrounding the topic. An assessment of each client's developmental needs and an understanding of how that individual copes with emotional loss are critical to providing psychosocial assistance most effectively. This article surveys the current professional literature regarding adjustment to chronic illness and addresses its significance and implications for social workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]