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Firms often ask consumers to either spend time to save money (e.g., Lyft's “Wait & Save”) or spend money to save time (e.g., Uber's “Priority Pickup”). Across six preregistered studies (N = 3631), including seven reported in Appendix S1 (N = 2930), we find that asking consumers to spend time to save money is perceived as fairer than asking them to spend money to save time (all else equal), with downstream consequences for word‐of‐mouth, purchase intentions, willingness‐to‐pay (WTP), and incentive‐compatible choice. This is because spend‐time‐to‐save‐money offers reduce concerns about firms' profit‐seeking motives, which consumers find aversive and unfair. The effect is thus mediated by inferences about profit‐seeking and attenuates when concerns about those motives are less salient (e.g., for non‐profits). At the same time, we find that spend‐money‐to‐save‐time offers (e.g., expedited shipping) are more common in the marketplace. This research reveals how normatively equivalent trade‐offs can nevertheless yield contradictory fairness judgments, with meaningful implications for marketing theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the behavior at infinity of the farthest and the higher-order Voronoi diagram of n line segments or lines in a d-dimensional Euclidean space. The unbounded parts of these diagrams can be encoded by a Gaussian map on the sphere of directions S d - 1 . We show that the combinatorial complexity of the Gaussian map for the order-k Voronoi diagram of n line segments and lines is O (min { k , n - k } n d - 1) , which is tight for n - k = O (1) . This exactly reflects the combinatorial complexity of the unbounded features of these diagrams. All the d-dimensional cells of the farthest Voronoi diagram are unbounded, its (d - 1) -skeleton is connected, and it does not have tunnels. A d-cell of the Voronoi diagram is called a tunnel if the set of its unbounded directions, represented as points on its Gaussian map, is not connected. In a three-dimensional space, the farthest Voronoi diagram of n ≥ 2 lines in general position has exactly n (n - 1) three-dimensional cells. The Gaussian map of the farthest Voronoi diagram of line segments and lines can be constructed in O (n d - 1 α (n)) time, for d ≥ 4 , while if d = 3 , the time drops to worst-case optimal Θ (n 2) . We extend the obtained results to bounded polyhedra and clusters of points as sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on young people as producers of cultural heritage and, in particular, on their drawing practices. Based on ten in-depth interviews with youth (aged 11–20) living in Sweden, we explore young people's digital drawing practices and what these mean to their everyday lives. This is relevant to the production of descriptive metadata when young people's pictures become a part of cultural heritage. Our analysis illustrates how young people engage with pictures that circulate across time, space, relationships and mediums, challenging the idea of pictures and meaning-making as fixed and final. This analysis offers valuable insights into cultural heritage by approaching it as a process and extending our ideas of how tangible and intangible heritage may interact. Furthermore, this article contributes to our understanding of young people's digital drawing practices from their own perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presented is an approach to a chest radiograph, paying particular attention to features commonly seen in the intensive care unit (ICU) with regards to iatrogenic lines and tubes, together with common pathologies that may be encountered. This is accompanied by helpful images to use as an aide memoire when reviewing ICU chest X-rays. Pitfalls in interpreting these often complex X-rays are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Formación Universitaria is the property of Centro de Informacion Tecnologica (CIT) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Rice is a major grain crop in numerous countries. In lowland areas, high iron levels in the soil severely hinder its cultivation. The current study explored high-yielding and Fe-toxicity-tolerant irrigated lowland rice (340 lines) among a population derived from a cross between Suakoko 8 and Bao Thai in Edozighi and Ibadan, Nigeria. In contrast to Ibadan, the soils in Edozighi contain a significant amount of iron. For the stated purpose, we carried out a two-year experiment using an alpha lattice design. The data showed significant differences between genotypes for the days to heading, plant height, number of tillers per plant, number of panicles per plant, panicle length, and grain yield. The results revealed that multiple characteristics had both direct and indirect effects on cultivated rice yields. There was a direct and positive influence on the number of days in the 50% heading period (0.31), a direct and negative effect on plant height (−0.94), a direct and positive effect on tiller and panicle numbers, and a direct but negative effect on panicle length (−0.56). The leaf bronzing score was adversely correlated with yield, panicle length, and plant height, while it was positively correlated with the number of panicles, tillers, and days to heading. The findings showed significant changes in yield and yield characteristics between genotypes. Grain yields ranged from 283 to 11,700 kg/ha in the absence of iron in the soil, contrary to 0 to 8230 kg/ha in soil with iron toxicity, with losses estimated between 6 and 94%, demonstrating the resulting disaster. In contrast to the elite parents and varieties used in this study, the ten top genotypes exhibited smaller losses in yield. The authors strongly recommend using these lines for further studies as donors or releasing them in farmer fields in Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) is a commodity that has good business prospects for development in Indonesia. Efforts can be made to develop the potential for success in cultivation is the application of seed technology with hormopriming to improve seed quality. The study aimed to determine the effect of priming with GA3 on germination and growth of sweet corn was conducted in September-November 2022 at Agro Techno Park, Brawijaya University, Malang. The germination test was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design arranged factorially with 4 replications. Data results were processed using analysis of variance and followed by Tukey HSD test at 5% level. The results showed that the interaction between lines and GA3 concentration significant only occurred in plumula length, but not with other variables. The effect of ten lines of sweet corn and GA3 treatments was significant in almost observation variables of germination. Based on the results, it was concluded that the seeds of lines G9 and G7 had good germination and vigor. The hormo-priming treatment with GA3 at a concentration of 50 ppm is the most efficient concentration to increase seed germination and vigor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technology to jet print metal lines with precise shape fidelity on diverse substrates is gaining higher interest across multiple research fields. It finds applications in additively manufactured flexible electronics, environmentally friendly and sustainable electronics, sensor devices for medical applications, and fabricating electrodes for solar cells. This paper provides an experimental investigation to deepen insights into the non-contact printing of solder lines using StarJet technology, eliminating the need for surface activation, substrate heating, curing, or post-processing. Moreover, it employs bulk metal instead of conventional inks or pastes, leading to cost-effective production and enhanced conductivity. The effect of molten metal temperature, substrate temperature, standoff distance, and printing velocity was investigated on polymer foils (i.e., PET sheets). Robust printing parameters were derived to print uniform, bulge-free, bulk metal lines suitable for additive manufacturing applications. The applicability of the derived parameters was extended to 3D-printed PLA, TPU, PA-GF, and PETG substrates having a much higher surface roughness. Additionally, a high aspect ratio of approx. 16:1 wall structure has been demonstrated by printing multiple metal lines on top of each other. While challenges persist, this study contributes to advancing additively manufactured electronic devices, highlighting the capabilities of StarJet metal jet-printing technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this paper is to show the existence (using probabilistic tools) of configurations of lines, boxes, and points with certain interesting combinatorial properties. (i) First, we construct a family of n$$ n $$ lines in ℝ3$$ {\mathbb{R}}^3 $$ whose intersection graph is triangle‐free of chromatic number Ω(n1/15)$$ \Omega \left({n}^{1/15}\right) $$. This improves the previously best known bound Ω(loglogn)$$ \Omega \left(\mathrm{loglog}n\right) $$ by Norin, and is also the first construction of a triangle‐free intersection graph of simple geometric objects with polynomial chromatic number. (ii) Second, we construct a set of n$$ n $$ points in ℝd$$ {\mathbb{R}}^d $$, whose Delaunay graph with respect to axis‐parallel boxes has independence number at most n·(logn)−(d−1)/2+o(1)$$ n\cdotp {\left(\log n\right)}^{-\left(d-1\right)/2+o(1)} $$. This extends the planar case considered by Chen, Pach, Szegedy, and Tardos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the normal functioning of the power system, it is necessary to ensure adequate protection of each elements. Part of the electric power system are electric networks, the term of which will primarily mean lines (air and cable). In the paper, the operation of basic line protections was analyzed by mathematical calculations and field measurements. The earth fault protection was caused in the field in order to compare it with the mathematical calculation and draw conclusions about the correct setting and full functionality of the relay protection. Power grid protection is a key aspect for the safety and normal operation of power systems. This analysis includes tests of protection equipment through simulations of earth fault event. The testing is of great importance for new power system maintenance strategies.

The current paper has presented the results of two studies in 2019–2020, the purpose of which was to analyze the main elements of productivity of maize lines from the VIR collection. The work was carried out in accordance with an agreement on scientific cooperation with the involvement of the VIR maize collection in the breeding program in the amount of 100 numbers, in the foothill zone of Kabardino-Balkaria (Chegem district, village of Nartan). The purpose of the current work was to study and evaluate the morpho-biological and economically valuable traits of maize lines from the VIR collection in the conditions of the foothill zone of Kabardino-Balkaria. Thus, according to the estimation of the quantitative traits of the maize samples, there have been selected 36 numbers. According to the plant height, there were identified 8 numbers, where the value of the trait was from 2.41 to 2.47 m, and according to the number of leaves, 8 samples were allocated from 16.4 to 16.8 pieces. According to the sign of attachment of a commercial ear, all selected lines were in the range above the mean values from 0.98–1.06 m. For other traits, there were no significant differences compared to the standard. Analysis of the elements of productivity of maize lines from the VIR collection made it possible to identify 13 samples based on ear length, considering НСР05, whose values were higher than that of the standard, and this indicator was at a level of 22.5–25.2 cm. In terms of the number of grain rows on an ear, the best results were observed in 14 lines with the trait varying from 18.0 to 18.6 pieces, and the number of grains in a row of an ear there were 18 numbers, where the range varied from 37.2 to 46.1. In terms of grain yield, there were identified the best 4 lines (from 83.5 to 87.7 % compared to the standard value of 79.6 %). In terms of one of the main and main complex traits, such as grain productivity (at 14% humidity), there were identified 6 lines, where the variation ranged from 4.01 to 4.5 t/ha.

Development and identification of suitable parents for hybridization is a vital step in hybrid production programmes. Success of hybrid breeding depend on how distantly the parents are related, which can be possible through crossing of parents belongs to different heterotic groups. So, the phenomenon of heterotic grouping and combining ability are imperative in maize breeding programmes. The present investigation was carried to identify lines with good general combining ability (GCA) and crosses with good specific combining ability (SCA). 44 testcrosses were generated by crossing 11 lines with 4 testers using L x T mating design. The testcrosses along with parents and 5 checks were evaluated for kernel yield and its attributing traits in simple lattice design. Analysis of variance for combining ability revealed that the parents vs hybrids exhibited significant difference for all the traits indicating the presence of variability in the genetic material. None of the lines exhibited significant GCA in desirable direction for kernel yield. The cross VL15869-14 x LM14 exhibited positive significant SCA effect for kernel yield. Heterotic grouping classified 5 inbred lines L1, L3, L4, L6 and L10 into heterotic group B and 1 inbred line L8 into heterotic group A. Remaining 5 inbred lines L2, L5, L7, L9 and L11 were not categorized into any heterotic groups.

When allocating scarce goods and services, firms often either prioritize those willing to spend the most resources (e.g., money, in the case of markets; time, in the case of lines) or simply ignore such differences and allocate randomly (e.g., through lotteries). When do these resource-based allocation rules seem most appropriate, and why? Here, the authors propose that people are more likely to endorse markets and lines when these systems increase the likelihood that scarce goods and services go to those who have the strongest preferences—that is, when they help sort preferences. This is most feasible when preferences are dissimilar (i.e., some consumers want something much more than others). Consequently, people are naturally attuned to preference variance: when preferences for something are similar, markets and lines seem less appropriate, because it is unlikely that the highest bidders or those who have waited the longest actually have the strongest preferences. However, when preferences are dissimilar, markets and lines seem more appropriate, because they can more easily sort preferences. Consumers thus react negatively when firms use resource-based allocation rules in situations where preferences cannot be easily sorted (e.g., when preferences are similar). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Camera calibration has attracted much attention, as a primary step of various soccer game analyses, such as real-world player tracking and offside detection. Moreover, metric evaluation of player detection and tracking can be provided via camera calibration, which is a crucial task for player localization assessment. Camera calibration is also challenging due to the blur and duplicated lines, freely moving camera in broadcast streams and lack of well distributed 3D features on the playfield. The main goal of this paper is to review the state-of-the-art in camera calibration and its different prior steps, including transformation computation, feature extraction, image to model registration, image to image registration, camera parameters estimation and conclude future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To determine the breeding value of a new sunflower source with complex resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides and downy mildew. Methods. In the research process, field (hybridization, line testing, individual selection, line evaluation), visual (phenological observations), laboratory (immunological evaluation of resistance to DM), vegetation (evaluation of resistance to herbicides) and mathematical and statistical (processing of experimental data and determination of reliability of research results) methods were used. Results. During 2020-2023, new self-pollinated sunflower lines were studied in the cross-pollination and breeding department of the Plant Breeding & Genetics Institute - National Center of Seeds and Cultivar Investigation (PBGI - NCSCI). Based on the results of the work, 33 self-pollinated sunflower lines with complex resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides and downy mildew (DM) were created and evaluated. The lines were created using domestic breeding populations that were able to reach their full genetic potential in various conditions. These populations were adapted to cultivation in the southern steppe of Ukraine and were resistant to a complex of diseases and pests. Additionally, they had increased seed yield and plasticity. The new source material obtained is constant, stably productive lines used in the subsequent breeding programme. According to the results of the trials, almost all the hybrids obtained (F1) showed a yield of more than 1.0 t/ha. Lines with the highest level of combining ability in terms of yield (heterozygous hybrid progeny with increased viability for the main economic and valuable traits) will be selected for further research and will be involved in the creation of new hybrids resistant to sulfonylurea herbicides and DM. Conclusions. Research showed that traits such as sulfonylurea herbicide resistance and downy mildew resistance can be combined in one line. Herbicide resistance in sunflowers is easy to control in the field, while downy mildew resistance needs to be controlled in the laboratory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are remnants of ancient retroviral infections in the host genome. Although mutations and silencing mechanisms impair their original role in viral replication, HERVs are believed to play roles in various biological processes. Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) are non-LTR retrotransposons that have a lifecycle resembling that of retroviruses. Although LINE expression is typically silenced in somatic cells, it also contributes to various biological processes. The aberrant expression of HERVs and LINEs is closely associated with the development of cancer and/or immunological diseases, suggesting that they are integrated into various pathways related to the diseases. HERVs/LINEs control gene expression depending on the context as promoter/enhancer elements. Some RNAs and proteins derived from HERVs/LINEs have oncogenic potential, whereas others stimulate innate immunity. Non-retroviral endogenous viral elements (nrEVEs) are a novel type of virus-like element in the genome. nrEVEs may also be involved in host immunity. This article provides a current understanding of how these elements impact cellular physiology in cancer development and innate immunity, and provides perspectives for future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we consider the notion of entangled stories to account for ways that young people assemble stories in generative ways. We draw on Tim Ingold's theorising of lines, movement, and storied knowledge to account for the visible/material and invisible/immaterial entanglements that happen when young people design multimodal storied worlds and illustrate these entanglements through three school projects in Canada, Norway, and Chile. Literacy studies and the learning sciences have made important contributions to understanding the complexities of meaning-making practices with digital technologies across formal and informal contexts. Yet, there is still work to be done to describe, extrapolate, and theorise digital-material practices and trajectories that young people engage in when they design and craft multimodal compositions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rice is a major grain crop in numerous countries. In lowland areas, high iron levels in the soil severely hinder its cultivation. The current study explored high-yielding and Fe-toxicity-tolerant irrigated lowland rice (340 lines) among a population derived from a cross between Suakoko 8 and Bao Thai in Edozighi and Ibadan, Nigeria. In contrast to Ibadan, the soils in Edozighi contain a significant amount of iron. For the stated purpose, we carried out a two-year experiment using an alpha lattice design. The data showed significant differences between genotypes for the days to heading, plant height, number of tillers per plant, number of panicles per plant, panicle length, and grain yield. The results revealed that multiple characteristics had both direct and indirect effects on cultivated rice yields. There was a direct and positive influence on the number of days in the 50% heading period (0.31), a direct and negative effect on plant height (−0.94), a direct and positive effect on tiller and panicle numbers, and a direct but negative effect on panicle length (−0.56). The leaf bronzing score was adversely correlated with yield, panicle length, and plant height, while it was positively correlated with the number of panicles, tillers, and days to heading. The findings showed significant changes in yield and yield characteristics between genotypes. Grain yields ranged from 283 to 11,700 kg/ha in the absence of iron in the soil, contrary to 0 to 8230 kg/ha in soil with iron toxicity, with losses estimated between 6 and 94%, demonstrating the resulting disaster. In contrast to the elite parents and varieties used in this study, the ten top genotypes exhibited smaller losses in yield. The authors strongly recommend using these lines for further studies as donors or releasing them in farmer fields in Africa.

Relevance. Alternaria dauci, Alternaria radicina and Fusarium oxysporumare wide spread and harmful fungal diseases of carrot (Daucus carota L.) in the Russian Federation and in the world. Total losses of roots from these diseases are 35-70%. Obtaining of new varieties and hybrids resistant to these pathogens is complicated by the fact of polygenic control resistance traits to fungal diseases of Alternaria and Fusarium genus. Interaction of polygenic resistance traits with environmental factors causes the soft character of changing these traits: effects of interactions between alleles and genes are changed, the dominant effect become weaker, additive effect become stronger. So, we can say about of the tolerance to complex pathogens for that case.The goal of our study is to determine the heritability of tolerance to fungal pathogens Alternaria dauci and Fusarium oxysporum by hybrids F1 of carrot.Materials and methods. Materials of studies were 7 basic lines with different types of roots; 7 prospective hybrids F1 and mycelium of Alternaria dauci and Fusarium oxysporum with spores (for inoculation). Methods of studies were: evaluation resistance of lines and hybrids F1 (seedlings, adult plants and roots) at different types of infection backgrounds; dispersion and correlation analysis. Resistance the basic lines of carrot to fungi of Alternaria and Fusarium genus was evaluated step-by-step, using several types of artificial and natural infection backhybrids F1. Tolerant samples were selected and they were used in crossings. F1 – hybrids have been obtained and they have been evaluated at artificial and natural backgrounds.Results: 1. One tolerant male form № 1268 and 6 female forms with weak sensitivity to fungi of Alternaria and Fusarium genus were selected from basic material. They were used in crossings. hybrids F1 have been obtained. 2. Analysis the heritability of carrot resistance to fungal pathogens Alternaria dauci and Fusarium oxysporum identified, that such type of resistance inherited by father’s type. 3. Using tolerant carrot line № 1268 in crossings as the male form and 6 female forms with weak sensitivity to fungal pathogens Alternaria dauci and Fusarium oxysporum increased significantly the percent of tolerant plant in 3 F1 – hybrid population under artificial infection on provocative infection background.

Line breeding is a difficult but effective zootechnical process in purebred sheep husbandry. Linear sheep consistently transmit their characteristics to offspring in order to increase and identify the most promising genotypes, characterized by high productivity and breeding efficiency, by detecting interline selection. The main purpose of the work was to identify the most suitable options for intra- and interline selection of the Russian meat merino breed. The article studies the early development of animals’ growth and physique, the high rates of animals, live weight in different age periods, slaughter and meat qualities. We established that young animals obtained by mating between the animal lines VK-40 and ME-50 were characterized by more proportional body shapes, better slaughter and meat qualities. The increase in live weight of lambs obtained by mating queens of the VK-40 line and rams of the ME-50 line (group III) was more intense than their peers from the intraline selection of the VK-40 line (I group) and of queens of the line AC- 30 with ME-50 rams (group II). The heaviest carcasses were in lambs obtained from the mating of queens of the VK-40 line and rams of the ME-50 line (13.26 kg), the weight of the carcass was greater, compared with the same indicator of the peers of groups I and II, respectively, by 7.7% and 4.0%, by internal fat mass – by 21.8% and 9.8%, by slaughter weight – by 8.3% and 4.3%.

Flood resistance in rice is very important in weed control, as weeds cannot overcome deep water. At present, there are no released varieties in Russia that would meet these requirements. The creation of such varieties will reduce production costs and pesticide load on the ecosystem. The object of the study was second-generation rice hybrids obtained by crossing the best varieties for economically valuable traits with samples carrying genes for resistance to prolonged flooding with water. To create double rice haploids resistant to prolonged flooding, the anther culture method was used, followed by molecular genetic evaluation of dihaploids for the presence of genes for resistance to prolonged flooding. An estimate of the growth energy under deep flooding was carried out according to our own method. As a result of the cultivation of anthers, 130 androgenic regenerated plants were obtained in 14 hybrid combinations. In terms of responsiveness to neoplasms, 60% of the panicles showed a positive result, while the rest 40% did not demonstrate callus formation. In total, 30 green regenerative lines were obtained from four rice hybrids, differing in visual morphological assessment. Large genotypic differences between the samples were revealed. These lines carry long-term flood resistance genes and can be used in rice breeding programs using dihaploids. As a result of the assessment of the growth energy in a number of obtained samples, the potential for rapid elongation of the first leaves, overcoming a large layer of water and accumulation of vegetative mass, was revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences is the property of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A well-known theorem in plane geometry states that any set of n non-collinear points in the plane determines at least n lines. Chen and Chvátal asked whether an analogous statement holds within the framework of finite metric spaces, with lines defined using the notion of betweenness. In this paper, we prove that in the plane with the L 1 (also called Manhattan) metric, a non-collinear set of n points induces at least ⌈ n / 2 ⌉ lines. This is an improvement of the previous lower bound of n/37, with substantially different proof. As a consequence, we also get the same lower bound for non-collinear point sets in the plane with the L ∞ metric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The great French poet (Baudelaire) says an opinion characterized by a lot of immunity and scientific accuracy, he considered imagination as the basis of any creativity, especially in the field of plastic arts, as he says: (The main characteristic that characterizes the artist, is not watching but imagination, imagination is in the arts. The beautiful is the master of faculties, and it is he who analyzes the elements offered by the senses and the mind, and reshapes them as he sees fit. The great painter Michelangelo says: (The painter is the one whose imagination is active, and therefore his work differs from his thinking only a little, but if he knew how to activate his imagination, he would have produced wonderful art). The imagination in this research is accompanied by the movement represented by the lines, so we see the artworks that follow the curriculum (the Surrealist school) varied between drawing and engraving, and we see the lines of work that are formed in each painting different from the other, and this is an embodiment of the vision of the artist and the recipient together. We see a difference between creative and stereotypical works, for example, in craftsmanship, which is limited in creativity, we see stability, or slow development, and contentment with the repetition of production for specific forms, which is known as stereotyping, while creative works are characterized by innovative originality, continuous change, and constant development, although they are not Also devoid of craftsmanship. Here, we clarify the research works that express the role of movement in the visual vision of the meaning or concept of fantasies by watching the artist and the recipient together.In this research, the artworks related to drawing and engraving are presented, through the presentation of fifteen artworks, divided into two parts, the first ten works with the technique of drawing with dry pens and black ink and the second five acid etching works with a variety of techniques between acid etching, flavouring and soft ground.

The technology to jet print metal lines with precise shape fidelity on diverse substrates is gaining higher interest across multiple research fields. It finds applications in additively manufactured flexible electronics, environmentally friendly and sustainable electronics, sensor devices for medical applications, and fabricating electrodes for solar cells. This paper provides an experimental investigation to deepen insights into the non-contact printing of solder lines using StarJet technology, eliminating the need for surface activation, substrate heating, curing, or post-processing. Moreover, it employs bulk metal instead of conventional inks or pastes, leading to cost-effective production and enhanced conductivity. The effect of molten metal temperature, substrate temperature, standoff distance, and printing velocity was investigated on polymer foils (i.e., PET sheets). Robust printing parameters were derived to print uniform, bulge-free, bulk metal lines suitable for additive manufacturing applications. The applicability of the derived parameters was extended to 3D-printed PLA, TPU, PA-GF, and PETG substrates having a much higher surface roughness. Additionally, a high aspect ratio of approx. 16:1 wall structure has been demonstrated by printing multiple metal lines on top of each other. While challenges persist, this study contributes to advancing additively manufactured electronic devices, highlighting the capabilities of StarJet metal jet-printing technology.

We consider the minimum number of lines hn and pn needed to intersect or pierce, respectively, all the cells of the n X n chessboard. Determining these values can also be interpreted as a strengthening of the classical plank problem for integer points. Using the symmetric plank theorem of K. Ball, we prove that hn = (n/2)for each n ≥ 1. Studying the piercing problem, we show that 0.7n < pn≤ n -- 1 for n≤3, where the upper bound is conjectured to be sharp. The lower bound is proven by using the linear programming method, whose limitations are also demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses prehistoric murals content in the Balkans with special emphasis those in the territory of Kosovo. In Kosovo, murals are located in town of Ferizaj. The dominant figures in this mural are: the Goddess sitting on the Throne, Urns, anthropomorphic masks of the Neolithic period, geometric shapes in vases and various objects, e. The authors have made an interweaving between the figures and the compositional alignment, while the colors are completely independent of the figures. The purpose is to show the importance of prehistory as inspiration for modern artists. The murals that were taken for consideration are those, which artists have taken prehistoric onomastic elements. The paper examined the spiral, zigzag lines used mostly as elements in this mural. It is known that murals and graffiti have been illegal arts that were used to protest and express the revolt of a people. The main emphasis in this paper is also gender equality in Kosovo, because it deals with the figure of Queen Teuta, who was a very brave, independent woman. The goddess sitting on the throne is also presented, which represents the important prehistoric period of the Neolithic era where man had the will to become the God of nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Putting to work the dialectical concept of 'un/mapping', this paper examines the immateriality of cultural memory as coalescent in and around songlines: spatial stories woven from the autobiogeographical braiding of music and memory. Borrowing from Erll's concept of 'travelling memory' (2011), the idea of songlines provides a performative framework with which to both travel with music memory and to map/unmap the travelling of music memory. The theoretical focus of the work builds on empirical studies into music, place and cultural memory in the form of interviews conducted across the UK in 2010–2013. The interviews were designed to explore the way peoples' musical pasts—memories of listening to music in the domestic home, for example, or attendance at concerts and festivals, music as soundtracks to journeys, holidays or everyday commutes to work or school, music at key rite of passage moments—have coloured and given shape to the narratives that structure a sense of embodied selfhood and social identity over time. Songlines, it is shown, tether the self to spaces and temporalities that map a tangled meshwork of lives lived spatially, where the ghosts of musical pasts are as vital and alive as the traveller who has invoked them. Analysis and discussion is centred around the following questions: How should the songlines of memory be mapped in ways that remain true and resonant with those whose spatial stories they tell? How, phenomenologically, can memory be rendered as an energy that remains creatively vital without running the risk of dissipating that energy by seeking to fix it in space and time (to memorialise it)? And if, as is advocated in the paper, we should not be in the business of mapping songlines, how do we go about the task of singing them? Pursuing these and other lines of enquiry, this paper explores a spatial anthropology of movement and travel in which the un/mapping of popular music memory mobilises phenomenological understandings of the entanglements of self, culture and embodied memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of white lupine samples of grain-forage direction developed by the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine were carried out for three years (2019–2021) on the fields of the collection farm of the of the department of plant production, breeding and olericulture of the Belgorod State Agrarian University named after V.Ya. Gorin. There have been studied 4 varieties and 26 lines, the variety ‘Michurinsky’ was the standard in the trial. According to the seed productivity in all years of study, most varieties and lines significantly exceeded the standard. On average for 3 years, the most productive lines were ‘SN 17-14’, ‘SN 54-08’ and ‘SN 12–13’, which increase ranged from 43 to 48 % in comparison with the standard variety. Productivity increase from 34 to 39 % was given by the lines ‘SN 816-09’, ‘SN 1735-10’, ‘SN 35-13’ and ‘SN 77-17’. The increase of the varieties ‘Pilgrim’ and ‘Aliy parus’ and four lines ‘SN 18-13’, ‘SN 15-13’, ‘SN 55-14’, ‘SN 138-16’ varied from 21 to 26 % compared to the standard. The variety ‘Timiryazevsky’ and lines ‘SN 1397-10’, ‘SN 78-16’ and ‘SN 25-11’ exceeded the standard on 13–18 %. At the same time, the lines ‘SN 76-16’ and ‘SN 1022-09’ produced the lowest yields, significantly inferior to the standard. The calculation of the adaptability coefficient has shown that the varieties and lines that provided high and stable seed productivity over the years are also highly adaptive to the arid conditions of the region, since this coefficient has exceeded 100 %. The protein percentge in seeds on average for 3 years ranged from 29.55 to 36.45 % with 32.27 % for the standard. Its percentage exceeded 35.0 % among 7 lines and the variety ‘Pilgrim’. The oil content in seeds of the white lupine varieties and lines on average for 3 years ranged from 10.00 to 11.54 %. Most varieties and lines in the trial according to the content of alkaloids in seeds belong to the group of low alkaloids (up to 0.099 %) and medium alkaloids (up to 0.299 %).

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cucumber yield is profoundly influenced by soil moisture, with drought representing a pivotal factor. This study evaluated four cucumber lines (CBECS-37, CBECS-38, CBECS-19, and CBECS-7) within a split-plot experimental design comprising four replications. Irrigation occurred once every seven days, spanning from sowing to the flowering stage. Drought stress was imposed at two critical stages: from flower bud initiation to harvesting (withheld irrigation for 25 days) and from flowering to harvesting (withheld irrigation for 15 days). Morphological and physiological parameters, including plant height, primary branch count, days to first male and female flower appearance, total soluble solids (TSS), relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll content, leaf electrolyte leakage, and malondialdehyde, were assessed 15 days after drought stress. Results indicated greater membrane damage during the flower bud initiation to the harvesting stage (404.5%) compared to the flowering to the harvesting stage (304.6%). Thus, drought stress during flower bud initiation to harvesting was more critical. CBECS-7 demonstrated the highest tolerance to drought conditions, displaying superior outcomes in primary branches, plant height (20.6%), chlorophyll a (16.7%), chlorophyll b (53.4%), total chlorophyll (26.7%), and RWC (6.7%). CBECS-7 exhibited increased chlorophyll content, enhanced photosynthetic activity, robust vegetative growth, and prolific flower and fruit production. These findings establish CBECS-7 as a drought-tolerant line during flower bud initiation to harvesting. In conclusion, this study underscores the critical nature of the flower bud initiation to the harvesting stage and identifies CBECS-7 as a drought-tolerant cucumber line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a classic result that a set of n non-collinear points in the Euclidean plane defines at least n different lines. Chen and Chvátal conjectured in 2008 that the same results is true in metric spaces for an adequate definition of line. More recently, this conjecture was studied in the context of quasi-metric spaces. One way to study lines in an space is though its betweenness. Given a quasi-metric space (V,ρ), its induced quasi-metric be-tweenness is the set of triples (x, y, z) ϵ V3 such that ρ(x, z) = ρ(x, y) +ρ(y, z). In this work, we prove the existence of a quasi-metric space on four points a, b, c and d whose quasi-metric betweenness is ẞ = {(c, a, b), (a, b, c), (d, b, a), (b, a, d)}. This space has only three lines, none of which has four points. Moreover, we show that the betweenness of any quasi-metric space on four points with this property is isomorphic to B. Since B is not metric, we conclude that Chen and Chvatal's conjecture is valid for any metric space on four points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, lung ultrasound (LUS) has developed rapidly, and it is growing in popularity in various scenarios. It has become especially popular among clinicians. There are constant attempts to introduce it in new fields, with quite a strong resistance in the radiological community. In addition, knowledge regarding lung and LUS has been augmented by the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Unfortunately, this has led to many misconceptions. The aim of this review is to discuss lines, signs, and phenomena that can be seen in LUS in order to create a single, easily available compendium for radiologists and promote consistency in LUS nomenclature. Some simplified suggestions are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let F⊂ P2× P2v be the 3-dimensional flag. Let π1 F→ P2 and π2 F→ P2v be the projections. For all u,v ∈N\{(0,0)} let M(u,v) denote the set of all curves π1-1(F) ∪ π2-1(E) such that π1-1(F) ∩ π2-1(E)=∅, #F=v and #E=u. Any A∈ M(u,v) has u+v connected components, all of them smooth and rational and embedded as lines by the Segre embedding of F⊂ P2× P2v. In this paper we study the bigraded Hilbert function H0(IA(a,b)), (a,b)∈N2, for a general A∈M(u,v). We also give geometric properties of IA(a,b) (spannedness and a uniqueness result for non-general A∈ M(u,v)). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are remnants of ancient retroviral infections in the host genome. Although mutations and silencing mechanisms impair their original role in viral replication, HERVs are believed to play roles in various biological processes. Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) are non-LTR retrotransposons that have a lifecycle resembling that of retroviruses. Although LINE expression is typically silenced in somatic cells, it also contributes to various biological processes. The aberrant expression of HERVs and LINEs is closely associated with the development of cancer and/or immunological diseases, suggesting that they are integrated into various pathways related to the diseases. HERVs/LINEs control gene expression depending on the context as promoter/enhancer elements. Some RNAs and proteins derived from HERVs/LINEs have oncogenic potential, whereas others stimulate innate immunity. Non-retroviral endogenous viral elements (nrEVEs) are a novel type of virus-like element in the genome. nrEVEs may also be involved in host immunity. This article provides a current understanding of how these elements impact cellular physiology in cancer development and innate immunity, and provides perspectives for future studies.

Flood resistance in rice is very important in weed control, as weeds cannot overcome deep water. At present, there are no released varieties in Russia that would meet these requirements. The creation of such varieties will reduce production costs and pesticide load on the ecosystem. The object of the study was second-generation rice hybrids obtained by crossing the best varieties for economically valuable traits with samples carrying genes for resistance to prolonged flooding with water. To create double rice haploids resistant to prolonged flooding, the anther culture method was used, followed by molecular genetic evaluation of dihaploids for the presence of genes for resistance to prolonged flooding. An estimate of the growth energy under deep flooding was carried out according to our own method. As a result of the cultivation of anthers, 130 androgenic regenerated plants were obtained in 14 hybrid combinations. In terms of responsiveness to neoplasms, 60% of the panicles showed a positive result, while the rest 40% did not demonstrate callus formation. In total, 30 green regenerative lines were obtained from four rice hybrids, differing in visual morphological assessment. Large genotypic differences between the samples were revealed. These lines carry long-term flood resistance genes and can be used in rice breeding programs using dihaploids. As a result of the assessment of the growth energy in a number of obtained samples, the potential for rapid elongation of the first leaves, overcoming a large layer of water and accumulation of vegetative mass, was revealed.