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The COVID-19 crisis brought out more than ever the question about the value of academic libraries. The library relevance discussion has been going on for years already; however, it became even more urgent during the crisis. The Ithaka S+R US Library Survey 2019 showed that the primary concern for academic libraries’ directors was the decreasing value of the library and its functions in the eyes of the university and higher education leaders (Frederick & Wolff-Eisenberg, 2020a). Similar worries were also shown by the leaders of LIBER libraries who responded to the COVID-19 survey; 25,25% of the respondents showed concern about redefining the library’s role within the university (LIBER, 2020). More recent surveys show a different trend; the value of academic libraries is potentially increasing again. The crisis gave an excellent chance for academic libraries to demonstrate their value to the university by adapting their services based on the needs of the university. „This pandemic provided an opportunity for libraries to invest in and improve the library’s value.” (Ashiq et al., 2022, p. 8). Library directors feel that libraries have shown their value during the crisis through their readiness to offer virtual support services for the university staff and students. 86% of the directors of the Ithaka S+R survey said that they stress establishing library service as a valuable and vital service for the university (Frederick & Wolff-Eisenberg, 2020b). The author has been looking into various qualitative and quantitative studies from Europe and U.S. done in the past three years, mainly focusing on academic libraries’ decisions and challenges during the COVID-19 crisis. In addition, a series of interviews with LIBER library directors show how library leaders decide during the crisis. Among other changes that COVID-19 brought to libraries, these studies also demonstrate the importance of academic libraries within the university, especially during the crisis. By using a mixed methods approach, this presentation presents the specific change in libraries’ value that the crisis presented and how libraries responded.

本研究の目的は、大学教員によるA大学図書館の利用実態および、図書館の設備・運営といった機能に関する現状と課題を明らかにするとした。調査の結果、48名(80%)から回答を得た。来館・非来館ともにニーズがあり、重視する図書館機能・サービスは、資料(図書・雑誌)や文献データベースの種類と数などであった。また、図書館の満足度は、「そう思う」と「ややそう思う」で38人が回答し、肯定的理由は【図書館サービスの充実】や【レファレンスサービス】であった。図書館への期待は、学生が利用者として、【学修に必要な図書の充実】、【教育的な利用支援の充実】、【実践に関する知を探求できる場】など4カテゴリーが、教員が利用者として、【レファレンスサービスや情報リテラシーへの支援】、【多様な蔵書や非来館サービスの充実】、【知へ探究を楽しむ場】など5カテゴリーがあった。大学教育や研究を支える学術情報基盤への充実への期待から、更なる図書館の【教育的な利用支援の充実】や【レファレンスサービスや情報リテラシーへの支援】といった要望があった。(著者抄録)

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the transformation of information resources of public libraries of Ukraine in modern conditions. The methodological basis of the article was based on systemic, information-service and modernist approaches and the application of the principles of objectivity and comprehensiveness of knowledge. The organic combination of structural-functional analysis, synthesis, and cognitive methods made it possible to successfully realize the set goal. The scientific novelty consists in considering the main aspects of the formation of electronic information resources against the background of the aggression of the Russian Federation against the sovereign state of Ukraine, starting in 2014, arguing that public libraries actively participated in the information processes of creating a regional source base on events that take place in modern history of our state. The existing ones are analyzed and the author's understanding of the term "electronic library and information resources" is proposed. Conclusions. Digitization stimulates the general trend of transformation of public libraries of Ukraine into hubs for comprehensive processing of all types of information on all media. The use of new media in library practice contributes to the production of relevant electronic information resources, which marks the third stage of the use of information and communication technologies in the work of libraries. The public libraries of Ukraine currently have the following types of electronic information resources: a) electronic catalogs; b) full-text databases; c) electronic collections of text analogues of printed publications; d) collections of digitized publications; e) electronic documents that do not have printed counterparts; f) electronic publications of audio and video information; g) multimedia products. Electronic information resources enrich the assortment and include the following audiovisual products: audio recordings, films, videos, slides, presentations, etc., including exhibitions and tours of the library, advertising of new arrivals, online meetings with famous people or solutions to current community issues, etc. Own accounts in social networks (Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, Instagram), messengers (WhatsApp, Telegram, Viber), video hosting (YouTube), on the one hand, have a significant potential for popularizing the library, on the other hand, are a platform for approving the demand for created electronic information resources., Мета статті – обґрунтувати трансформацію інформаційних ресурсів публічних бібліотек України у сучасних умовах. Методологічна основа статті базувалася на системному, інформаційно-сервісному та модерністському підходах і застосуванні принципів об’єктивності та всебічності пізнання. Органічне поєднання методів структурно-функціонального аналізу, синтезу та когнітивного дозволило успішно реалізувати поставлену мету. Наукова новизна полягає в обґрунтуванні поділу інформаційних ресурсів бібліотек залежно від етапів запровадження новітніх технологій у бібліотечні процеси на традиційні, інноваційні та новітні. Проаналізовано наявні та запропоновано авторське розуміння терміна «електронні інформаційні ресурси бібліотек». Аргументована необхідність застосування електронних інформаційних ресурсів (е-каталог, електронна бібліотека, колекції оцифрованих видань) публічними бібліотеками як важливими складниками інфосфери суспільства. Висновки. Цифровізація стимулює загальну тенденцію трансформації публічних бібліотек України в хаби з комплексного опрацювання усіх видів інформації на всіх носіях. Використання в бібліотечній практиці нових медіа сприяє продукуванню актуальних електронних інформаційних ресурсів, що знаменує третій етап застосування інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій у роботу бібліотек. У публічних бібліотеках України нині сформовано такі види електронних інформаційних ресурсів: а) електронні каталоги; б) повнотекстові бази даних; в) електронні колекції текстових аналогів друкованих видань; г) колекції оцифрованих видань; д) електронні документи, які не мають друкованих аналогів; е) електронні публікації аудіо- та відеоінформації; ж) мультимедійні продукти. Електронні інформаційні ресурси збагачують асортимент і включають такі аудіовізуальні продукти: аудіозаписи, фільми, відео, слайди, презентації тощо, серед яких – виставки і екскурсії бібліотекою, реклама нових надходжень, зустрічі онлайн із відомими людьми чи вирішення актуальних питань громади та ін. Власні акаунти у соціальних мережах (Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, Instagram), месенджерах (WhatsApp, Telegram, Viber), відеохостингах (YouTube), з одного боку, мають значний потенціал для популяризації бібліотеки, з іншого, є платформою апробації затребуваності створюваних бібліотеками електронних інформаційних ресурсів.

The purpose of the articleis to substantiate the transformation of information resources of public libraries of Ukraine in modern conditions. The methodological basisof the article was based on systemic, information-service and modernist approaches and the application of the principles of objectivity and comprehensiveness of knowledge. The organic combination of structural-functional analysis, synthesis, and cognitive methods made it possible to successfully realize the set goal. The scientific noveltyconsists in considering the main aspects of the formation of electronic information resources against the background of the aggression of the Russian Federation against the sovereign state of Ukraine, starting in 2014, arguing that public libraries actively participated in the information processes of creating a regional source base on events that take place in modern history of our state. The existing ones are analyzed and the author's understanding of the term "electronic library and information resources" is proposed. Conclusions. Digitization stimulates the general trend of transformation of public libraries of Ukraine into hubs for comprehensive processing of all types of information on all media. The use of new media in library practice contributes to the production of relevant electronic information resources, which marks the third stage of the use of information and communication technologies in the work of libraries. The public libraries of Ukraine currently have the following types of electronic information resources: a) electronic catalogs; b) full-text databases; c) electronic collections of text analogues of printed publications; d) collections of digitized publications; e) electronic documents that do not have printed counterparts; f) electronic publications of audio and video information; g) multimedia products. Electronic information resources enrich the assortment and include the following audiovisual products: audio recordings, films, videos, slides, presentations, etc., including exhibitions and tours of the library, advertising of new arrivals, online meetings with famous people or solutions to current community issues, etc. Own accounts in social networks (Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, Instagram), messengers (WhatsApp, Telegram, Viber), video hosting (YouTube), on the one hand, have a significant potential for popularizing the library, on the other hand, are a platform for approving the demand for created electronic information resources.

It seeks to identify the representation of the functions of the public library based on what is published on its institutional pages, and on Facebook and Instagram profiles. The quali-quantitative survey was carried out across the country with a simple random statistical with a sampling error of 4%. With the research universe having 6055 public libraries in Brazil, the sample was determined in 547 institutions, from which 97 pages and profiles of 63 libraries from all regions of Brazil were reached. From the analysis of the posts in the period of two years, between July 2018 and June 2020, 1528 types of posts were reached, being possible to identify the relationship of what is published with the four functions of the public library: informative, educational, cultural and recreational. With diversified publications, the posts in greater quantity have an informative function. Even so, the other functions are very present in the virtual environments of public libraries. It is concluded that a small number of public libraries use social media. In this use, there is a varied creation of content, dissemination of services and products and a new form of direct communication with its users., A presente pesquisa busca identificar a representação das funções da biblioteca pública a partir do que é divulgado em suas páginas institucionais e nos perfis do Facebook e do Instagram. A pesquisa quali-quantitativa foi realizada em todo o país com uma amostra estatística aleatória simples com erro amostral de 4%. Com o universo de pesquisa contando com 6055 bibliotecas públicas no Brasil, a amostra foi determinada em 547 instituições, de onde chegou-se a 97 páginas e perfis de 63 bibliotecas de todas as regiões do Brasil. A partir da análise das postagens no período de dois anos, entre julho de 2018 a junho de 2020, chegou-se a 1528 tipos de postagens, sendo possível identificar a relação do que é publicado com as quatro funções da biblioteca pública: informativa, educativa, cultural e recreativa. Com publicações diversificadas, as postagens em maior quantidade têm função informativa. Mesmo assim, as outras funções estão bem presentes nos ambientes virtuais das bibliotecas públicas. Conclui-se que um número pequeno de bibliotecas públicas utiliza as mídias sociais. Nesta utilização há criação variada de conteúdo, divulgação de serviços e produtos e uma nova forma de comunicação direta com seus usuários.

The thesis deals with reader-oriented activities of selected libraries in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part describes the functions of libraries and system of Czech libraries. Selected chapters comprehend the history of libraries and librarianship. The following chapters describe factors influencing reader's approach to reading, forms of librarian's work with the reader and reading projects and events. It presents selected libraries in the Czech Republic - National Library of the Czech republic in Prague, Moravian Library in Brno and The Research Library of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. In the practical part it describes the cultural and educational activities offered by libraries both for their registered and unregistered readers, and readers supporting activities they participace in. It is based on interviews with readers and analysis of the annual reports of libraries in 2018.

Artykuł jest próbą przedstawienia procesu odradzania się biblioteki narodowej krymskotatarskiej mniejszości etnicznej w wieloetnicznym środowisku Krymu. Omówiono ważniejsze wydarzenia z ponad 25-letniej historii tworzenia biblioteki oraz jej obecną strukturę i działalność: prace biblioteczne, usługi, działalność oświatową, metodyczną, naukową i wydawniczą. The article is an attempt to present the process of revival of the Crimean Tatar ethnic minority’s national library in the multiethnic society of Crimea. The most important events from the over 25-year-long history of the Library are discussed alongside with a description of its current structure and functions, procedures and activities, including available services, library processes, as well as its educational, methodological, scientific and editorial activity. 20 133 152 9 Biblioteka

Współczesne biblioteki naukowe stają przed nowymi wyzwaniami, które są wynikiem zmiany społeczeństwa – jego kształtu, struktury, zwyczajów, potrzeb i wreszcie oczekiwań. Zmiany te implikują innowacje biblioteczne, niezbędne dla sprawnego funkcjonowania tych instytucji. Biblioteki naukowe, do tej pory związane przede wszystkim z macierzystym środowiskiem naukowym i świadczące na jego rzecz usługi informacyjne, coraz częściej otwierają się na klientów zewnętrznych, tworząc zasoby kapitału społecznego. W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienie kapitału społecznego oraz rolę i znaczenie bibliotek akademickich w jego budowaniu. Modern research libraries currently face challenges resulting from changes in essential components of society – its shape, structure, customs, needs, and ultimately its expectations. Furthermore, these changes call for innovation in libraries and are necessary for their efficient operation in these new challenging circumstances. Research libraries, hitherto linked primarily to the research environment of their parent institutions and servicing and supporting the latter’s information needs, are becoming more and more directed to the public at large and external clients, and propose ideas and solutions aimed at creating new resources of social capital. This article discusses the social capitalbuilding that involves libraries and the role and significance of academic libraries in the process.

Nowadays, the existence of technology in the middle of the society does not only give the abundant information, but also causes confusion and boredom in searching for the information. Such situation also has influenced the society's demand with different social stratifications in their easiness of accessing the information. Yogyakarta City Library, which in fact is an information center for the whole society layers, is expected to be able to be a bridge for the impacts of technology existence in information searching process. This study aimed at finding out the influence of social environment in building perceptions towards the library functions and how the library functions were viewed by readers with different social stratifications. The method used in this study was the combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches with Concurrent Triangulation design, in which two approaches were used simultaneously. However, data gathering and data analysis processes were done separately. The respondents were fifty users selected through random sampling. The in-depth interview was done towards ten informants. The result of the study indicated that social environment was not only influential in building the society's perceptions towards the library functions, but also motivated the readers to visit the library. Besides, it was found out that there was the change regarding to the society's perceptions with different social backgrounds towards the library functions. Recently, a library has not only been viewed as a book storage or solely an information provider, but has also been viewed as a rare collections preserver, an amusement place, simply a spot for hanging out with friends, and a positive game facility among children and parents. In addition, a library has also been viewed as a successor of the education missions and as a medium for channeling the society's talent and creativity.

La teoria de la informació és una branca de les matemàtiques aplicades, l'enginyeria, les ciències de la computació i les telecomunicacions que estudia la transmissió i el processament de la informació. Impulsada per Claude E. Shannon a finals dels anys 40. Aquest projecte es basa en la implementació de diversos càlculs de la teoria de la informació utilitzant Python i wxPython per facilitar una llibreria de funcions que pugui ser utilitzada amb programes externs capaços de treballar amb classes Python, com ara Sage o MATLAB, i a més, oferir a l'usuari un executable amb una interfície gràfica amigable que li permeti utilitzar les funcions de la llibreria sense necessitat de conèixer Python. Information theory is a branch of applied mathematics, engineering, computer science and telecommunications that studies the transmission and processing of information. Driven by Claude E. Shannon in the late 40s. This project is based on the implementation of various calculations of information theory using Python and wxPython to provide a library of functions that can be used with external programs capable of working with Python classes, such as Sage or MATLAB, and also provide the user an executable with a friendly graphical interface that allows him to use the functions of the library without knowing Python. La teoría de la información es una rama de las matemáticas aplicadas, la ingeniería, las ciencias de la computación i las telecomunicaciones que estudia la transmisión i el procesamiento de la información. Impulsada por Claude E. Shannon a finales de los años 40.Este proyecto se basa en la implementación de distintos cálculos de la teoría de la información utilizando Python y wxPython para facilitar una librería de funciones que pueda ser utilizada con programas externos capaces de trabajar con clases Python, como por ejemplo Sage o MATLAB, i además, ofrecer al usuario un ejecutable con una interfaz gráfica amigable que le permita utilizar las funciones de la librería sin necesidad de conocer Python.

The theses deals with libraries in Dačice and its surroundings and with their influence on children and teenagers' free time activities. In the theoretical part basic terms (such as free time, library, reader) have been explained. The library system in the Czech Republic, how it works, its functions and departments have also been specified. In this part libraries in Dačice area have been introduced. The Municipal Library in Dačice and in Budíškovice have been introduced in detail. The theses concentrates on the time children and teenagers spend in libraries. The results of a research how the library in Budíškovice and its activities influences the free time of children and teenagers has been included. As a part of my theses an activity of the project Filosophy for children has been presented.

(in English) Diploma thesis "Municipal library in Odolena Voda as an information a cultural centre : Project" suggests possibilities of changes and expansion of library services provided by the Municipal library in Odolena Voda and suggests other activities so that it becomes in the future a modern information and cultural centre of Odolena Voda . The author briefly describes the history and current status of Odolena Voda. Another part is focused on analysis of current conditions of the Municipal Library in Odolena Voda - describes its building, the library collections, users and specifies currenly offered library services and activities in which is currently the library involved. The author also summarizes the Czech legislation related to the services of public libraries, and international standards and recommendations for public library services. Furthermore, in work as a basis for designing new services and activities of the Municipal in Library Odolena Voda gives an examples and experiences from other municipal libraries in the country. In the next part of the work the author charts the subsidy opportunities for public libraries- grant programs of the Regional Office of the Central Region, subsidy programs of the Ministry of Culture (Library of the 21st century, the Czech library, VISK) and the...

[EN] We comment about the concept of library that politicians and society in general use to have: libraries are study classrooms where the students prepare their exams with notes. This mistake supposes a lot of inefficiency problems in the library service. [ES] Se reflexiona sobre el concepto de biblioteca que suelen tener los políticos y la sociedad en general, que es el de una sala de estudio en la que los alumnos preparan sus exámenes con apuntes. Esta confusión conlleva no pocos problemas de eficacia en el servicio bibliotecario. Publicado

Περιέχει το πλήρες κείμενο Η αρχιτεκτονική βιβλιοθηκών είναι ένα θέμα που έχει απασχολήσει ελάχιστα την ελληνική βιβλιοθηκονομική κοινότητα, η οποία δεν ασχολήθηκε επισταμένα ή στιςς περισσότερες πε- ριπτώσεις η αποψή της αγνοήθηκε παντελώς. Η επιτακτική ανάγκη να οργανώσουμε συλ- λογές παρέκαμψε το κτιριακό πρόβλημα, η λύση του όμως δεν είναι πολυτέλεια είναι ανά- γκη. Σπάνια μιλάμε για το που και πως στεγάζονται αυτές οι συλλογές και ακόμα πιο σπά- νια εκπονούμε μελέτες για κατασκευή ή ανακατασκευή βιβλιοθηκών. Το θέμα του χώρου και της αισθητικής του δεν πρέπει να αντιμετωπίζεται αποσπασματικά και κατά περίπτωση ή ως ουτοπικό σύνδρομο. Η αρχιτεκτονική μορφή των βιβλιοθηκών πρέπει να μας απα- σχολήσει ιδιαίτερα εν όψη των νέων τεχνολογιών που έτσι κι αλλιώς αμφισβητούν ήδη τα όρια του χώρου της σύγχρονης βιβλιοθήκης. Η βιβλιοθήκη χωρίς τοίχους είναι μια πραγ- ματικότητα. Το νέο προφίλ και η εικόνα της σύγχρονης βιβλιοθήκης δεν είναι όμωςμόνο η web ιστοσελίδα της αλλά και ο φυσικός της χώρος. Οι φυσικές διαστάσεις του πληροφο- ριακού χώρου, δηλαδή του χώρου της βιβλιοθήκης, πρέπει να εξυπηρετούν τις πραγματι- κές, λειτουργικές και πληροφοριακές ανάγκες μιας βιβλιοθήκης που θα κληθεί στο μέλλον να διαδραματίσει ένα διαφορετικό ρόλο απ' ότι σήμερα. Πολλά προβλήματα στέγασης, χώρου, αρχιτεκτονικού σχεδιασμού και αισθητικής αντι- μετωπίζουν οι Ακαδημαϊκές Βιβλιοθήκες και τα σπουδαστήρια τους αλλά σε παρόμοια κα- τάσταση βρίσκονται και τα άλλα είδη βιβλιοθηκών στην Ελλάδα σήμερα εκτός ελαχίστων εξαιρέσεων. Παρατηρείται όμως ότι και αρκετά νέα κτίρια βιβλιοθηκών αγνοούν την αι- σθητική ή παραλείπουν βασικά πρότυπα κατασκευαστικής και λειτουργικής καταλληλότη- τας για φιλοξενία των συλλογών και των υπηρεσιών τους. Στην εισήγηση αυτή θα παρουσιάσουμε τις σύγχρονες αντιλήψεις για την αρχιτεκτονική: βιβλιοθηκών καθώς και τις αρχιτεκτονικές τάσεις που επικρατούν στον ελλαδικό χώρο. Μέσα από μια βιβλιοθηκονομική οπτική θα προσπαθήσουμε να προσεγγίσουμε τον αρχι- τεκτονικό σχεδιασμό, να αναθεωρήσουμε και να προσδιορίσουμε το ρόλο μας σ' αυτόν ώστε να δοθεί βάρος στις απόψεις μας για το που και πως στεγάζουμε την γνώση και να βρούμε λύσεις που θα καλύπτουν τις νέες λειτουργικές και πληροφοριακές ανάγκες. Επί- σης μέσα από θέσεις και αντιθέσεις ενός οργανωμένου αισθητικού πρίσματος θα επιχει- ρήσουμε να θέσουμε προβληματισμούς και να κάνουμε μια απόπειρα πρόβλεψης του αρ- χιτεκτονικού μέλλοντος των βιβλιοθηκών. Σ' αυτό το μέλλον βέβαια καλούνται να συνει- σφέρουν όλοι: αρχιτέκτονες, interior designers, κατασκευαστές, συντηρητές και φυσικά οι βιβλιοθηκονόμοι, έχοντας μια άψογη επαγγελματική συνεργασία