Search

Freeride skiing is the fastest-growing sector of the skiing industry, but there are no studies analyzing its nature and values. First, we provide descriptions of freeride skiing and competitive freeride skiing, trying to analyzing the nature of these activities in comparison and contrast with conceptions of traditional sport and nature sport. Whilst freeride skiing must be seen in some sense as a nature sport, competitive freeride skiing is best seen within the category of traditional sport. However, these 'new' sports raise questions about the adequacy of our current categories, leading us to our second task, which was to identify and discuss the values of freeride skiing. We identify freedom and creativity as primary values, which lead to a greater rapport with nature, and a greater attention to risk, danger and safety, as concomitant values. Finally, we briefly indicate further values of the activity, such as responsibility, community and preservation of the practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines how African American and white children, especially in the South, acted on, experienced, shaped and disagreed with ideas of freedom by struggling over the right to their own childhoods during the American Civil War. It describes the significance of the actions of Black and white children in the fight for or against emancipation. It discusses the influence of reading experiences on the children's views in the South about the possible meanings of a right to childhood.

Research has found that vaccine-promoting messages can elicit state reactance (i.e., negative emotions in response to a perceived threat to behavioral freedom), especially among individuals with high trait reactance (i.e., proneness to experiencing reactance). This can result in a lower willingness to accept vaccines. We investigated whether inoculation against reactance – that is, forewarning individuals about potentially experiencing reactance – can reduce the effects of trait reactance on vaccination willingness. Participants (N = 710) recruited through Facebook were randomly allocated to be either inoculated or not. They were then shown a message promoting a fictitious vaccine, which included either a low, medium, or high threat to freedom. Contrary to research on other health topics, inoculation was ineffective at reducing state reactance toward the vaccination message. Inoculation also did not mitigate the effects of trait reactance on vaccination willingness, and was even counterproductive in some cases. High-reactant individuals were less willing to get vaccinated than low-reactant ones, especially at high freedom threat. Conversely, high freedom threat resulted in increased vaccination willingness among low-reactant individuals. Further research is needed to understand why inoculation against reactance produces different results with vaccination, and to develop communication strategies that mitigate reactance to vaccination campaigns without compromising the positive effects of vaccine recommendations for low-reactant individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis article is a discursive attempt to contextualize Nigeria’s anti-gay law (Same-Sex Marriage Prohibition Act, SSMPA) at the heart of the country’s political economy and thus argues that the SSMPA is a calculated and targeted political move implemented in the face of both national and global events for the purposes of preserving the country’s sovereignty and securing political interests. This work examines how neoliberalism—both ideology and practice—as a governing rationality served as the backdrop for the enactment and legitimization of the SSMPA in Nigeria. Conclusively, this article proposes queer coalitions, an active government, and pan-Africanism as necessary cultural, social, and economic interventions for the emancipation of Africans, particularly queer Africans, from the whims of neocolonial actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) have gained attention as a potential therapy for reducing depressive symptoms. However, the evidence remains inconsistent. This meta-analysis aims to assess the overall efficacy of EFT in treating depressive symptoms and explore moderators influencing its effectiveness. Methods: A meta-analysis of 18 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted, with depressive symptom reduction as the primary outcome. Meta-regression explored moderators such as the EFT format, duration, age, and depression severity. Results: The analysis showed a significant overall effect size of 1.268 for EFT in reducing depressive symptoms. A moderator analysis revealed that group-based EFT interventions were more effective than individual ones, and participants with moderate depression experienced the greatest benefits. Additionally, shorter interventions were found to be highly effective. Conclusions: EFT effectively reduces depressive symptoms, particularly in group settings and for those with moderate depression. Shorter, well-structured interventions may enhance treatment efficiency. Further studies should explore long-term effects and broader applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Party and Political Financing under the Basic Law" in the journal "JURA - Legal Education" discusses the structure, history, and rationale of party financing at the federal level. It emphasizes that parties play a central role in shaping the will of the people and require financial support. The development of party financing is examined historically, as well as the constitutional determinants such as state freedom and equal opportunities. The article also discusses state political financing and the exclusion of parties from state funding. Case examples for the legal examination of exclusions from party financing are provided. [Extracted from the article]

The beginner's assignment on constitutional law deals with the freedom of assembly and property guarantee in the context of a constitutional complaint. The case involves climate activists planning a street blockade and a farmer being expropriated. The constitutional complaints are admissible, but unfounded, as there is no violation of fundamental rights. Keywords: constitutional complaint, freedom of assembly, property guarantee, expropriation. [Extracted from the article]

AIM The aim of the study was to identify specific actionable behaviors academic nurse leaders can implement to improve nurse faculty job satisfaction. BACKGROUNDThe nurse faculty shortage is a persistent and worsening problem, with job dissatisfaction a significant contributor in the United States. However, little is known about actionable behaviors academic nurse leaders can do to improve nurse faculty job satisfaction. METHODQualitative semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 nurse faculty. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyze and interpret the interviews. RESULTSFour themesemerged about academic nurse leader behavior: 1) build relationships with leaders and faculty, 2) create an environment where autonomy is valued, 3) facilitate faculty growth and development, and 4) serve as a role model. CONCLUSION Effective leadership contributes to nurse faculty job satisfaction. Academic nurse leaders need to be aware of their influential behaviors and intentionally contribute to creating a workplace environment that promotes nurse faculty job satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we identify spaces and built environments that have the effect of placing libertarian thinking in urban contexts, using the term 'libertecture' to refer to the way that these architectures convey principles of personal liberty and unfettered market activity. These ideas are thus embedded in cities via the design, architecture, management and function of an emerging array of buildings, districts and infrastructures. Locating our analysis in cultural political economy, we believe that these libertectures are important because of the way that they refract and amplify divisive ideas into the social spaces and thinking of residents and citizens. Whereas neoliberal urbanism was seen as undermining socially just cities, libertarian ideas amplified by new built environments may presage more atomised, unequal and unsustainable urban conditions, potentially foreclosing the identification of more just alternatives and democratic forms. We offer a 'catalogue' of seven forms of libertecture: private cities, residential exits, portal spaces, fiscal lockers, pioneer exclaves, infinity spaces, and necrotectures. We conclude that the manifestation of libertarian thinking in spaces and city forms is an important object of study for urban studies as it considers challenges to inclusive and sustainable forms of urban governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) experience complex needs that often necessitate support from multiple systems. There is growing evidence that people with FASD may benefit from integrated service delivery (ISD), but little is known about ISD elements and processes for this population. Method: Using a multi‐method approach involving a literature review, analysis of programme data, and staff interviews, we examined how ISD is enacted at a rural Canadian FASD centre, and identified facilitators, barriers, and potential impacts of ISD at the centre. Results: We describe key elements of integrated FASD programming and identify important contextual factors and themes related to ISD barriers, facilitators, and impacts: (1) connection, (2) freedom and autonomy, (3) client‐centred care, (4) learning and growth, (5) and reframing expectations. Conclusions: This study may help to inform a roadmap for enhancing FASD service delivery and guiding FASD research and policy in Canada and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advent of social media platforms such as Instagram has facilitated the emergence of a new wave of visually compelling images of disability created by the disabled community itself. These images challenge the traditional discourse on disability, offering a more radical and diverse perspective. This study employs a post-qualitative photographic analysis of 100 photographs from 54 Instagram profiles to define a novel rhetoric of disability. This is done with the aim of updating the rhetoric of disability proposed by Garland-Thomson (2001), but within the context of Web 3.0. The new classifications make reference to concepts such as emancipation, sexuality, happiness, supracapacity, rebellion and pride, with the objective of normalising the group and facilitating inclusion and equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the theologies of three theologians who incorporate liberation as a prominent part of their theological framework. The goal is to expand Pneumatology beyond the ethical and draw out the implications of a Pneumatology of liberation. The Holy Spirit is working in and through the Church but is not limited to it, liberating all of creation from the negative effects of sin that leads to sickness in various forms. Ultimately, the Holy Spirit is restoring koinonia to God's good creation, which is made for the glory of Jesus Christ. This study examines how the Pneumatology of liberation can expand beyond ethics. It will review the theologians and draw implications for a Christological, ecclesiological, and eschatological Holy Spirit. Liberation from the negative effects of sin leads to healing individually, communally, and cosmically. Ultimately, the goal is to restore koinonia to God's creation for the glory of Jesus Christ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses biographical, historical and comparative perspectives to examine some of the work of Lawrence Stenhouse, widely regarded as one of the leading curriculum theorists of the twentieth century. Although his best‐known work was carried out in England, he had strong Scottish connections and some of the influences on his output can be traced to his higher education in Scotland, his teaching experience in Glasgow and Fife, and his time as Principal Lecturer in Education at Jordanhill College of Education. Particular attention is given to Culture and Education (1967), written during Stenhouse's time in Scotland, and An Introduction to Curriculum Research and Development (1975), the product of his experience as Director of the Humanities Curriculum Project and subsequently as Director of the Centre for Applied Research in Education at the University of East Anglia. Stenhouse's personal intellectual journey is related to policy developments in Scotland and England and, in particular, to the different approaches to curriculum development in the two countries. His early death in 1982 meant that he did not live to see the assault on his creative, teacher‐centred approach to curriculum development mounted by the political right in the 1980s and 1990s, but his ideas were kept alive by members of the team he had built up. The paper ends by summarising the reasons for Stenhouse's continuing importance. It is noted, however, that the many tributes to Stenhouse's achievements in England have not been matched by similar recognition in Scotland. Arguably, his ideas could have enabled Scotland's Curriculum for Excellence reform programme, launched in 2004, to have avoided some of the problems it encountered in the transition from conception to implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radical critique and praxis today face an unprecedented challenge because neoliberal rationalities partly succeeded in encroaching upon emancipatory ambitions. On the one hand, as critical sociology informs us, this is because many of the utilitarian tenets of neoliberal rationalities have become naturalized in everyday conduct. On the other hand, as pragmatic sociology shows, because neoliberalism has succeeded in incorporating critical activity into its mode of functioning, challenging neoliberalism comes at the cost of its partial reproduction. Against this backdrop, the goal of this article is to reconsider both the role of critique in neoliberalism and the mode of inquiry of critique, in order to map out an 'alter-neoliberal analysis': a normative mode of critical inquiry that seeks to discover what would need to be the case for a future beyond neoliberalism to be conceivable. Building on the inferential logic of abduction, alter-neoliberal analysis (1) defamiliarizes the opaque ways in which neoliberal rationalities encroach upon practices, so as to (2) critique them in ways that curtail their reproduction and (3) radically imagine politico-epistemological positions that are unintelligible to neoliberal rationalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For well over a hundred years, Russian expansion into the Caucasus put it face-to-face with the Circassians. This small group of Muslims successfully waged war against Russia, both militarily and diplomatically. By leveraging the demands of a liberal foreign policy currently in vogue in Britain, as well as the Ottoman Empire's tenuous hold on power in the region, the Circassians manoeuvred their plight onto the international stage. As the liberal tide in Britain ebbed and flowed and the Crimean War erupted, Circassia's ability to leverage the political context in which it found itself grew more tenuous. Ultimately, Russophobia and liberalism failed to secure freedom for the Circassians, who were killed or expelled from their lands in 1864. The Circassian diaspora now resides largely in Turkey, Jordan, Syria, and Russia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the era of New Public Management from the 1970s to the 1990s, government accountability in Australia underwent a significant transformation from compliance to performance evaluation. This change underscores a Machiavellian interpretation presented in this paper, emphasizing the politicized and power‐driven nature of public sector accounting reforms. The Australian Government employed a commercial accounting model to legitimize these reforms, leveraging Machiavellian principles to strengthen political power. Despite the accounting profession's role in legitimizing public sector financial reporting, its control over Australian accounting standard setting diminished. The new public sector accountability framework allowed the shifting of blame to the profession when problems arose. An analysis of the New South Wales Government's journey through the reform, from embracing accrual accounting to rejecting heritage assets measurement and applauding fair value, illustrates the complex interplay between self‐interest and the protection of public interest. The Australian Government strategically enlisted the support of the outer fringe accounting profession and successfully instituted reforms premised on the principle of public accountability and liberty for Australian society. Once the reformer's goals were achieved, the facilitating elites found themselves marginalized from the bureaucratic group and power reclaimed deftly to the Government with CLERP reforms paving the way for the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards. This shift exemplifies Machiavelli's perspective, where liberty is used as a means to garner public support and ultimately attain power, a strategy that continues to hold validity in contemporary political contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the use of esprit de corps as an intragroup identity construction device that indexes contextual conceptualisations among the (para)military discourse community in Nigeria. Data were generated through participant observation and audio tape recordings of randomly selected personnel of the target agencies at designated checkpoints along the Calabar-Uyo highway in South-South Nigeria. Findings show strands of its perlocutionary meanings in (para)military discourse orientation. Esprit de corps, used by the Nigerian (para)military personnel, demonstrates discipline and regimentation, social inclusion and identity, elicitation of hierarchical compliments, appeals and concessions, freedom and right of passage, ingroup favouritism and outgroup bias, and is an interruptive device, among other things. It performs pragmatic functions, and negotiates and co-constructs members' identity within the ideological orientations of the group. In Nigeria, it is narrowed to the exclusive dialectal norm of the regimented forces, and is believed to be a cohesive force that strengthens them for the effective discharge of their essential duties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of civil liberties and political rights on environmental disclosure, and the moderating effect of board gender diversity on the relationship between civil liberties and political rights and environmental disclosure, have not to date been studied in detail, as evidenced by the previous literature available. Therefore, this study aims to analyse how these institutional factors affect corporate environmental disclosure practices across different countries. The firms in our sample operate in 36 countries, spread across all the continents, and the period covered is 2009–2019. The database used to collect economic, social, environmental and governance data is Thomson Reuters' ASSET4, while the items for measuring civil liberty and political rights scores come from the Freedom House organisation (https://freedomhouse.org). The method used for estimating the model is the generalised method of moments (GMM) proposed by Arellano and Bond. The main findings of the study show that levels of civil liberty and political rights in the countries where the firms operate are positively associated with environmental disclosure. Furthermore, according to our evidence, the presence of female directors on boards plays a positive moderating role in the relationship between the level of civil liberty and environmental disclosure and between political rights and environmental disclosure. Additional robustness analyses corroborate our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the uncertainty and imprecision in a complex system, the concept of the linear Diophantine fuzzy set (LDFS) was introduced, which is a fuzzy set extension that eliminates the constraints of current methodologies and gives the decision-maker complete freedom to select the grades, producing results that are expressive and flexible. A circular intuitionistic fuzzy set (C-IFS) is depicted by a circle with the membership and non-membership values as its center coordinates, addressing the ambiguity regarding membership and non-membership values. In this paper, we propose the notion of a circular linear Diophantine fuzzy set (C-LDFS) as a hybrid structure of both circular intuitionistic fuzzy sets and linear Diophantine fuzzy sets. In addition, some fundamental set operations on C-LDFSs are presented. Furthermore, a similarity metric for C-LDFS is also introduced in the paper. Additionally, we confirm the axiomatic requirement of the similarity measure and highlight a few of its traits. Finally, the proposed similarity metric is implemented in clinical decision-making to illustrate its efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses Gaby Mahlberg's book "The English Republican Exiles in Europe During the Restoration," which examines English republicanism in the 17th century through the lives and ideas of exiled English republicans. Mahlberg's work highlights the interconnectedness of political, religious, and cultural networks across Europe, challenging traditional interpretations and offering new insights into the development of political thought during the Restoration period. The text also provides a comprehensive list of scholarly works on English Republicanism by authors such as Jonathan Scott, Algernon Sidney, Quentin Skinner, and Blair Worden, covering various aspects of Republican principles, political liberty, Calvinist Republicanism, and the Puritan Revolution. [Extracted from the article]

Martin Luther's notion of freedom, as presented in De servo arbitrio, is often interpreted as a denial of free choice wi God (salvation) and as an affirmation of free choice in earthly life. This article questions this twofold distinction and argues that in De servo arbitrio Luther's notion of freedom is set into epistemic discourse in which he distinguishes between different perspectives or perceptions and reality. The article demonstrates that for Luther, freedom denotes human perception, misperception, and deception. This indicates that beneath the free choice debate lies a fundamental question of human ability to understand reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Erica Burman’s Fanon, Education, Action: Child as Method published (Paperback) in 2019 continues to gain ground in cultural and social critique, research, policy and practice. No review so far, however, has addressed the book’s avowed and evident resonances with, and contributions to postcolonial theory/studies. This essay intends to highlight the book’s exceptional import on postcolonial critique, albeit in a selective and limited manner, given the work’s wide breadth of postcolonial themes, resources and study areas. This reviewer’s intent, I argue, can be pursued through the prism of key critical points raised by Benita Parry back in the 1980s to 1990s, on the false starts and mis-directions treaded by the burgeoning field of deconstructionist ‘colonial discourse theory.’ Fanon, Education, Action goads deconstructive critiques to be conceptually provocative and workable at the same time for resistance, change and emancipation. Fanon was a highly influential precursor of anti-colonial and liberationist critique, who is moreover engaged by Burman in ways heretofore unprecedented in Fanonian scholarship. By focusing her analytical lens on the forward-looking and decolonizing Fanon, Burman revivifies and mobilizes the postcolonial project towards policy and actionality in education, and other forms of individual and socio-political transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper mainly explores the intricate dynamics of the feminization of migration from Uzbekistan to Turkey. The implementation of neoliberal policies in Uzbekistan since the early 2000s has resulted in a significant rise in labour migration, concurrently changing the traditional pattern of male-dominated migration and fostering a shift toward the feminization of migration, especially in Turkey. Data was collected through extensive fieldwork carried out in both countries, where we conducted face-to-face interviews with migrants, employers, policymakers and other key stakeholders. In exploring the interplay of neoliberalism, family dynamics, gender roles and social networks, this study reveals a noteworthy pattern observed among Uzbek female migrants in Turkey. The findings indicate that while migration offers economic independence and emancipation at first, many ultimately find themselves perpetuating age-old patriarchal norms in the destination country – coined as ‘patriarchal reaffirmation’ to describe the dilemma of escaping patriarchy yet finding oneself trapped in it once again. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the evolution of nineteenth-century French economist Michel Chevalier’s reputation and self-understanding as a Saint-Simonian. Despite only having served two years as chief editor of the famous Saint-Simonian Globe, Chevalier’s attempt to re-integrate himself into liberal intellectual circles following his split from the Saint-Simonian movement was consistently hindered by his perceived adherence to its illiberal principles. This article mobilizes Chevalier’s reputation as a means to explore the porous boundary between Saint-Simonianism and French liberalism at a time when the contours between the two traditions were still not clearly defined. I also argue that the economist’s continued prioritization of economic development over political liberty grounded a variety of liberalism that many political liberals found intolerable, notably in its willingness to endure Bonapartist authoritarianism for the sake of economic growth. Mobilizing new archival material from the Second Empire, this article illuminates how Chevalier and others understood his relation to Saint-Simonianism and liberalism in the moment when he was at the apogee of his power and influence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a collaborative project with the Sex Workers' Freedom from Injustice Collective (Veshya Anyay Mukti Parishad, otherwise known as “VAMP”) in Maharashtra, India, this article explores sex workers’ narratives on love, life, power and freedom. Sex workers’ own accounts of the joys and difficulties they face in their intimate lives, in and outside work, we suggest here, offer important insights into the way in which they navigate patriarchy and throw fresh light on the questions of power and choice that have been so much at the heart of the sex work/prostitution debate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Animation of hand‐drawn sketches is an adorable art. It allows the animator to generate animations with expressive freedom and requires significant expertise. In this work, we introduce a novel sketch animation framework designed to address inherent challenges, such as motion extraction, motion transfer, and occlusion. The framework takes an exemplar video input featuring a moving object and utilizes a robust motion transfer technique to animate the input sketch. We show comparative evaluations that demonstrate the superior performance of our method over existing sketch animation techniques. Notably, our approach exhibits a higher level of user accessibility in contrast to conventional sketch‐based animation systems, positioning it as a promising contributor to the field of sketch animation. https://graphics-research-group.github.io/SketchAnim/ [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Elektronik Industrie is the property of Hüthig GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In Huckleberry Finn, a thirteen‐year old white boy in antebellum Missouri escapes from his abusive father and befriends a runaway slave named Jim. On a familiar reading of the novel, both Huck and Jim are, in their own ways, morally impressive, transcending the unjust circumstances in which they find themselves in to treat each other as equals. Huck saves Jim's life from two men looking for runaway slaves, and later Jim risks his chance at freedom to save Huck's friend Tom. I want to complicate the idea that Huck and Jim are morally commendable for what they do. More generally, I want to explore how oppression undermines the moral agency of the oppressed, and to some degree, the oppressor. In §1 I take a careful look at Jim's choice, arguing that his enslavement compromises his moral agency. In §2 I show how Jim's oppression also shapes the extent to which Huck can be praiseworthy for his action. In §3, I consider the consequences for thinking about the moral agency of the oppressed, and in §4 I explore the limitations of the concept of moral worth for theorizing in cases of oppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper comments on Richard Bourke's Hegel and World Revolutions, focusing on its analysis of Hegel's relevance for debates on revolution, freedom, and the Enlightenment. While agreeing with Bourke's call for critically engaging with Hegel's ideas rather than dismissing them outright, the paper raises some questions concerning Bourke's reconstruction of Hegel's interpretation of Kant, his account of the French Revolution, and the impact of Hegel's work on contemporary debates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What does it take to abolish structural domination? If domination is structural, then it can only be eliminated by the transformation or abolition of structures. For this to happen, agents advantaged by existing structures will often have to be brought under a form of power that lays beyond their control. Defeating domination therefore seems to require the embrace of dominating power. I call this dilemma the double bind of emancipation. To illustrate, I turn to debates regarding land confiscation during the Reconstruction era in the United States (1865–1877). Confiscation was intended to destroy the material bases of planter power and guarantee formerly enslaved people economic independence. But it would also entail subjecting planters to uncontrolled power. To address the double bind, I argue emancipation must be guided by a social theory of domination. Emancipation from structural domination requires identifying and eliminating the conditions that reproduce domination over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Daniel Defoe's novels are informed by his fear of isolation. This article argues that his major work of travel writing A Tour thro' the Whole Island of Great Britain (3 volumes 1724–6) highlights a solution to this anxiety. The work is constructed around a sequence of thirteen tours that chart his movement through the varied landscapes and urban centers of the newly united kingdom. In this way England specifically is characterized as a mobile society accentuated by Defoe's close narration of the emerging toll road system. It is this concern with the infrastructure of roads and routeways that weaves together the southern kingdom and supports its economic development. Infrastructure provides the mechanism through which citizens of the realm congregate in towns and cities which are in turn understood as places of social mixing and of political freedom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The late Bay Area Hip Hop legend Shock G stated that Tupac Shakur "rhymed from this pit of his stomach," asserting that Tupac's greatness was in the potency and relevance of his message more than the technical skill of his lyricism. Tattooed across the stomach that Tupac rhymed from was the acronym "T.H.U.G.L.I.F.E." Tupac proclaimed that it stood for "The Hate You Gave Little Infants, Fucks Everyone," a statement that reflected his worldview and echoed sentiments of those like Frantz Fanon, James Baldwin and Huey P. Newton who viewed youth as the centerpiece of the struggle for Black Liberation. Though Tupac was murdered in 1996, his lyrics and interviews resurfaced in the aftermath of the police killing of Oscar Grant in 2009 and introduced a generation born after his death to his thug persona and T.H.U.G.L.I.F.E. ideology as relavent, and accessible symbols of Black Rebellion. This article explores how Pac Babies, Black youth born after Tupac's death, have adopted his Persona and Ideology to inform their entry into the Post Racial, social media era of the Black Freedom Struggle. I offer that, by providing T.H.U.G.L.I.F.E. as an alternative to the politics of respectability of the Civil Rights Movement and being resurrected as mythical super hero battling police violence, Tupac influenced both the street protests and social media engagement during the protest phase of "Black Lives Matter!". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Space and place were the objects of colonial domination, but the transformation of minds – through language, education and more – was where colonialism also shaped subjectivities. For Frantz Fanon, understanding the relationship between the colonial conditions in which one is situated, and the interiorised effects of these conditions, was a psycho-political problem of immediate relevance to anti-colonial struggles. Putting into conversation Fanon scholarship that helps bring into view this relationality, this essay argues that his thinking on the self as a material phenomenon, constituted and re-constituted in dialectical relation to the world, rests on three broad aspects: historicity, embodiment, and creative action. Sustaining fault lines in the experiential effects of colonialism, these can foster conditions of transformation in people's ways of relating to themselves and to one another – the reconstituting of their subjectivities – in contextually determined ways. Understood through these characteristics, Fanon's conceptualisation of subjectivity advances routes of 'becoming' despite and out of colonialism. As such, I propose that even though his self–world dialectic does not look to circumscribe the outcomes of these transformations, it decisively locates the remaking of selves within confrontations with the world that pursue the liberation of others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author discusses his book "Reconsidering the Life of Power: Ritual, Body, and Art in Critical Theory and Chinese Philosophy" and his response to criticisms of his book. He explores the book's connection to Judith Butler's "The Psychic Life of Power: Theories in Subjection," his rhizomatic approach in the book, the claim that he ascribe negative freedom to initiate novel sequences of experience.

This paper develops a novel conception of freedom of thought as the right to epistemic self‐realization. The recognition of this right is characterized here as a modally robust normative status that I think one has as a potential knower in an epistemic community. It is a status that one cannot enjoy without a specific form of institutionalized intellectual respect and support. To explain and defend this conception of freedom of thought, it is contrasted here with more traditionally "negative" conceptions of freedom of thought, in terms of not being interfered with. It is also contrasted here with a "positive" conception of freedom of thought derived from a recently prominent account of doxastic agency as grounded in the rational capacity to self‐determine one's own response to reasons. In both cases, the crux of the argument in this paper is that a conception of freedom of thought as a right to epistemic self‐realization makes better sense of why we fear the counter‐liberatory forces of propaganda and regulated thinking, and also why we hold out hope for the liberating potential of education and critical engagement with expertise in the public sphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following rhetorical theorist Michael McGee, Benjamin Bennett-Carpenter and Michael J. McCallion contend that the term "new evangelization" may be understood as an "ideograph," a symbolic reference point that galvanizes Catholics with different ideological sensibilities. This paper explores the "political" struggle to fix the meaning of this ideograph after the Second Vatican Council by distinguishing between two broad trends. The roots of the new evangelization as a nodal point in the post-conciliar era lie in the Latin American church's appropriation of Vatican II, beginning with the Conference of Latin American Bishops' meeting at Medellin in 1968. This first strand of interpretation views justice as a constitutive dimension of the church's mission and tends to view evangelization in light of "liberation." As articulated by Pope John Paul II, a second more mainstream or official strand views evangelization in principally spiritual terms and focuses on developing "new methods" for communicating doctrine and on fostering personal conversion to Christ within the secularized West. This approach tends to emphasize humankind's vertical relationship to God—as well as the uniqueness of Christ—and to view the poor as recipients of charitable work rather than as agents of transformation. Although Pope Francis' program of ecclesial reform seeks to retrieve elements of the first strand, some proponents of the second strand have responded by rejecting Francis outright or by sanitizing his vision for their own purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the potential danger of reproducing colonial logics in recent liberation theological articulations. I have divided the article into three parts to examine the works of two theologians. In the first part, I analyze the concept of the "organization of the absurd" developed by Brazilian theologian Rubem Alves, who argued that contemporary society is organized around symbiotic power relations that aim to solve all human problems through increased power and force. He compares modern society to dinosaurs to highlight the fundamental issues in social organization and suggests that theological reflection needs to delink from this governing logic. For this, Alves suggests using imagination, dreams, magic, and creativity to rethink contemporary theological articulations. In the second part, I delve into the critical analysis of Puerto Rican theologian Luis Rivera Pagán, who critiques the almost exclusive use of the Exodus experience for liberation, arguing that it leads to replicating colonial mechanisms of oppression and conquest. From his Puerto Rican colonized context, he suggests that the painful experience of exile is a theological key for rethinking justice and liberation. In the third part, I propose that Alves and Rivera Pagán's theological reflections mirror decolonial insights long before contemporary decolonial discuourses. I contend that while both authors distance themselves from normative knowledge patterns to rethink theological thought from an alternative framework, echoing, in a way, decolonial thinking, their contributions—and those of many Latin American liberation theologians—are continuously overlooked and unacknowledged in many decolonial analyses. My goal with this article is to provide a profound exploration of Alves and Rivera Pagán's theological methods to avoid the trap of repackaging colonial mechanisms under the guise of liberation theological reflections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emergency powers are widely, and justly, criticized as threats to the rule of law. In the United States, forty-three declared emergencies give the executive vast authority to exercise power unencumbered by standard legal and procedural requirements. A long tradition of executive use of emergency powers to erode civil liberties amplifies fears of executive overreach. Yet this, we argue, is only part of the picture. We examine how emergency powers can be used for good. We argue that under certain limited conditions, political actors can legitimately invoke emergency powers to transform public policy. In addition to widely accepted requirements of crisis severity, transparency, and time limits, we argue that broad consensus and a reformulated non-discrimination requirement are essential to the proper use of emergency powers for societal transformation. We analyze recent high-profile exercises of emergency powers by the U.S. executive to fund a wall on the southern border and to forgive billions in student debt, as well as the European Union's (EU) extraordinarily frequent and broad use of emergency powers in the last three years in response to COVID-19 and Russia's Ukraine invasion. We conclude that the U.S. measures fail under our normative framework, while the EU measures offer a promising template for the transformative use of emergency powers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tension between the game of chess as strictly regulated by rules and the idea of freedom can be traced in three radidal examples separated by media and different periods of the twentieth century. The first emphatic employment of the concept of freedom is in the title of a chess journal issued by the Communist opposition of the central German working-class chess organization at the end of the Weimar Republic. In the journal Frei Schach! the radical subsection of "Red Sports Unity" asserts its claim for supremacy, demanding revolutionary goals in the class struggle. But this journalistic appeal to freedom was countered by the use of the same concept by the moderate alternative central chess organisation, and soon even by the National Socialists suppressing both working-class organisations. In the cultural scene after the second world war there was a distant, strangely depoliticized echo of freedom in chess. In the Austrian avantgarde dramatist Wolfgang Bauer's version of Ibsen's modernist revision of classical drama in the play Ghosts there is a farcical use of everyday objects as a replacement of chess elements. They function as a postmodern parody of the conventional structures of a conversation play. Compared to such highly idiosyncratic ludic transformation of chess games, today's digitalized chess in which the computer is the final arbiter makes the game more accessible to the masses. The surface democratic appeal in which average players can turn into critics of the chess elite is accompanied by the complete subjection to digitalisation on a late capitalist agenda. However, this does not completely deprive the traditional game of chess of its promise of playful enjoyment for an increasing number of people on a global scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The articulation of a universal right to freedom from enslavement in the 1801 Constitution of Saint-Domingue [which would become Haiti] points both to the potential of the law to depict ambitious imaginations of rights as well as the limits of articulating a legal-juridical freedom under racial capitalism. After abolishing slavery, the same document outlines the conditions of forced labour through cultivatorship, characterised by the continuity of the plantation system. This paper argues that Haitian Revolutionary emancipation offers a site from which to critique and imagine beyond the proprietorial subject of rights. Racialised property relations are foundational to capitalism, allowing for the production of both surplus value and profit, as well as a subject legible to the state. If proprietorial selfhood only constitutes partial emancipation, then the foundation for a universal right to freedom from enslavement must be found outside the capitalist social and legal forms – after property. Each instance of insistence on abolition challenges the failure of the Enlightenment to substantiate universal rights. Ameliorating group-differentiated vulnerabilities to premature death is a radical political and philosophical stance: access to the means of life is the minimal condition of freedom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the concept of home as a site of revolutionary potential within the context of disability politics and housing crises. Topics include the definition of home as a practice of collaborative survival and freedom; the impact of the Reagan administration's policies on public housing, highlighting the stark reversal of funding from housing to prisons; and the ways in which disabled activists engage with the paradox of home.

This article focuses on the history of Finnish academic women and examines the discussions about women's academic education and women scholars that took place in two Finnish magazines of the women's movement between 1890 and 1939. The article examines how the two magazines addressed the topics and represented academic women and women scholars. The results indicate that at first, access to higher education and the complex status of female students at the university were the centre of attention in the discussions. The discussions were supplemented by new tones, strengthening the support for educational equality in relation to human rights with utilitarian perspectives. The emphasis of the topics shifted during the first decade of the twentieth century, when the magazines raised public awareness of the career paths for women scholars. The representations of academic women and women scholars also highlighted the efforts of the women's movement to promote the scholarly work of women pioneering in academic circles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]