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Sociološko čitanje Krležine Lede književni je i sociološki pregled navedene drame. Cilj rada je prikazati individualno-psihološki razvoj i povijest likova kao i socioekonomski i kulturni presjek društva u kojima se ti pojedinci oblikuju. Krležina komedija jedne karnevalske noći u četiri čina odvija se 1925. godine u Zagrebu i završna je drama ciklusa o patricijskoj obitelj Glembaj. Glavni likovi ove niskomodusne drame su individualizirani pojedinci – Melita, Klanfar, Aurel, Klara i Urban – koji vode isprazne i frazirane snobovske razgovore te se prepuštaju međusobnim flertovima i preljubima. Temeljni motivi koji su prisutni u drami su karnevalizacija i prikaz svijeta kao pozornice, malograđanska kritika društva i kulture, opadanje značaja visoke umjetnosti, a jačanje rutinskog slikarstva i tehničke reprodukcije te napuštanje tradicionalnih obrazaca u ljubavi i braku. Na Krležin ciklus, uvelike su utjecale ideje socijalne literature te pojava moderne građanske drame na temeljima Ibsena i Strindberga. Prilikom sociološke perspektive koristit ću Bourdieuovu makrosociološku analizu društva i njegovu teoriju kapitala, Veblenovu teoriju dokoličarske klase, Baumanovu teoriju fluidne ljubavi te Benjaminovu tehničku reprodukciju u umjetnosti. Na temelju književnog i sociološkog pregleda drame te društveno-književnog utjecaja na Krležu pokušat ću odgovoriti na pitanje: je li Leda fikcionalni korelat hrvatskog društva u ranim desetljećima dvadesetog stoljeća? A sociological reading of Krleža’s Leda is a literary and sociological review of the drama Leda. The aim of the work is to show the individual-psychological development and history of the characters, as well as the socioeconomic and cultural cross-section of the society in which these individuals are formed. Krleža's comedy of a carnival night in four acts takes place in 1925. in Zagreb and is the final drama of the cycle about the patrician family Glembaj. The main characters of this low-mode drama are individualized individuals – Melita, Klanfar, Aurel, Klara and Urban – who conduct empty and phrased snobbish conversations. The fundamental motives that are present in the drama are carnivalization and theatrum mundi, petty-bourgeois criticism of society and culture, the decline of the importance of high art, and the strengthening of routine painting and technical reproduction, and the abandonment of traditional patterns in love and marriage. Krleža's cycle was greatly influenced by the ideas of social literature and the emergence of modern drama based on the foundations of Ibsen and Strindberg. From a sociological perspective, I will use Bourdieu's macrosociological analysis of society and his theory of capital, Veblen's theory of the leisure class, Bauman's theory of fluid love, and Benjamin's technical reproduction in art. Based on the literary and sociological review of the drama and the socio-literary influence on Krleža, I will try to answer the question: is Leda a fictional correlate of Croatian society in the early decades of the twentieth century?

The low-strain dynamic behavior of Leda clays is investigated using resonant column (RC) and bender element (BE) tests. Four undisturbed, lightly overconsolidated Leda clay samples, collected from two sites near the St. Lawrence River valley, are tested at different strains, confining stresses, and frequencies. To evaluate the effect of excitation frequency, simultaneous measurements of shear wave velocity using RC and BE tests are performed. The results show that the samples from the different sites behave differently. The high sensitivity of the Leda clays does not have a significant effect on the modulus degradation curves. However, the measured degradation curves are similar to those of soft clays with high plasticity, which is contrary to the expected behavior of these low plasticity (Ip = 6.2–20) specimens. Likewise, the measured damping ratios are on the lower end of the typical values reported for soils of high plasticity. Low values of damping ratio make the amplification of small seismic events more likely in Leda clay deposits. The difference in the shear wave velocity measurements from RC and BE tests ranges from 17% to 26% depending on the confinement, likely because of the strong influence of P-waves observed in the BE tests for these soils.

I och med den digitalisering som skett i samtliga delar av vår vardag, har nya möjligheter skapats som tidigare inte varit möjliga. Främst kan detta ses i den aktivitet vi lägger ner mest tid på, vårt arbete. Genom utveckling av digitala kommunikationsverktyg och utvecklingen av en digital arbetsmiljö, finns idag möjligheten att arbeta på distans. Denna fördel medför dock en rad utmaningar för chefer som nu behöver leda personal som cheferna inte träffar dagligen på samma sätt som man gjort tidigare. Även att den digitala kommunikationen gör det svårare för chefer att hantera de mjuka värdena i ledarskapet, exempelvis se hur personalen mår. Syf- tet med denna studie var därför att undersöka upplevelsen av att leda på distans, vilka utma- ningar cheferna står inför, hur de hanterar de mjuka värdena samt vilka egenskaper och ledar- skapsstil som kan vara till din fördel när det kommer till att leda på distans. För att undersöka detta genomfördes en kvalitativ studie, där data samlades in genom semistrukturerade inter- vjuer. Intervjuerna genomfördes med verksamhetschefer inom ett svenskt bolag som är en av de ledande aktörerna i sin bransch. Studien visade att cheferna står inför utmaningar som de inte tidigare stått inför och att de därför blivit tvungna att skapa strategier för att hantera dessa. Kommunikation och relationsbyggande var de största utmaningarna där tydlighet och feedback var delar i kommunikationen som upplevdes vara speciellt utmanande på distans. Tillit och tydlighet med förväntningar upplevdes utmanande i ett distansledarskap. Det fanns även fördelar med distansledarskapet, där systematiken och strukturen förbättrades samt att man enklare kunde genomföra administrativa arbetsuppgifter utan att bli störd. Slutsatsen för studien visade att chefer på distans främsta utmaningar är de mjuka värdena i ledarskapet. Ef- tersom området har begränsat med forskning bör därför detta vara ett framtida fokusområde i forskning kring ledarskap.

Working in Greece and Turkey: A Comparative Labour History from Empires to Nation-States, 1840–1940, edited by Leda Papastefanaki and M. Erdem Kabadayi, is a welcome contribution to the re-burgeoni...

One of the side-effects of the COVID-19 pandemic is a global change in work ergonomic patterns as millions of people replaced their usual work environment with home to limit the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection. The aim of our cross-sectional pilot study was to identify musculoskeletal pain that may have resulted from this change and included 232 telecommunications company workers of both genders [121 (52.2 %) men aged 23-62 (median 41; interquartile range 33-46 yrs.) and 111 (47.8 %) women aged 23-53 (median 40; interquartile range 33-44)] who had been working from home for eight months (from 16 March to 4 December 2020) before they joined the study. The participants were asked to fill in our web-based questionnaire by self-assessing their experience of hand, lower back, and upper back/neck pain while working at home and by describing their work setting and physical activity. Compared to previous work at the office, 90 (39.1 %) participants reported stronger pain in the lower back, 105 (45.7 %) in the upper back/neck, and 63 (27.2 %) in their hands. Only one third did not report any musculoskeletal problems related to work from home. Significantly fewer men than women reported hand, lower back, and upper back/ neck pain (p=0.033, p=0.001 and p=0.013, respectively). Sixty-nine workers (29.9 %) reported to work in a separate room, 75 (32.4 %) worked in a separate section of a room with other household members, whereas 87 (37.7 %) had no separate work space, 30 of whom most often worked in the dining room. Ninety-five participants (40.9 %) had no office desk to work at, and only 75 (32.3 %) used an ergonomic chair. Of those who shared their household with others (N=164), 116 (70.7 %) complained about constant or occasional disturbances. Over a half of all participants (52 %) said that they worked longer hours from home than at work, predominantly women (p=0.05). Only 69 participants (29.9 %) were taking frequent breaks, predominantly older ones (p=0.006). Our findings clearly point to a need to inform home workers how to make more ergonomic use of non-ergonomic equipment, use breaks, and exercise and to inform employers how to better organise working hours to meet the needs of work from home.Pandemija izazvana širenjem koronavirusa teškog akutnog respiratornog sindroma 2 dovela je do značajnih promjena u globalnoj ergonomiji rada. Naime, tisuće zaposlenika iznenada su uobičajene radne prostore zamijenile kućnim prostorom ne bi li se smanjilo širenje virusa i obuzdala pandemija. Kako bi se opisale mišićno-koštane tegobe u uvjetima rada od kuće te analizirali novonastali uvjeti rada od kuće, ovo presječno pilot-istraživanje obuhvatilo je 232 zaposlenika telekomunikacijske tvrtke: 121 muškarca (52,2 %) u dobi od 23 do 62 godine i 111 žena (47,8 %) u dobi od 23 do 53 godine, koji su radili od kuće osam mjeseci, tj. od 16. 3. 2020. do 4. 12. 2020. Za potrebe ovog istraživanja autori su izradili virtualni upitnik u kojem su ispitanici samostalno procijenili intenzitet bolova u šakama, donjem dijelu leđa te u vratu i gornjem dijelu leđa tijekom rada od kuće, uvjete rada od kuće te razinu vlastite tjelesne aktivnosti. U odnosu na vrijeme prije rada od kuće, 90 ispitanika (39,1 %) prijavilo je jače bolove u donjem dijelu leđa tijekom rada od kuće, pri čemu je pogoršanje bola u vratu i gornjem dijelu leđa prijavilo 105 ispitanika (45,7 %), a bola u šakama njih 63 (27,2 %). Samo trećina zaposlenika nije prijavila mišićno-koštane tegobe tijekom rada od kuće. Muškarci su značajno rjeđe prijavili bol u šakama, donjem dijelu leđa te u vratu i gornjem dijelu leđa (p=0,033; p=0,001 odnosno p=0,013). Posebnu prostoriju za rad od kuće imalo je 69 ispitanika (29,9 %), odvojeni radni prostor njih 75 (32,4 %), a njih 87 (37,7 %) nije imalo radni prostor, pa su najčešće radili u blagovaonici (njih 30). Pisaći radni stol za rad nije imalo 95 ispitanika (40,9 %), a ergonomsku radnu stolicu imalo je njih tek 75 (32,3 %). Od ispitanika koji žive s ukućanima (N=164), njih 116 (70,7 %) smatralo je da ih ukućani ometaju u radu stalno ili povremeno. Više od polovice ispitanika (52 %) smatralo je da radi dulje kod kuće nego na poslu, i to značajno više žene (p=0,05). Samo je 69 ispitanika (29,9 %) uzimalo češće predahe, i to značajno češće stariji zaposlenici (p=0,006). Naši rezultati upućuju na to da, radi sprječavanja mišićno-koštanih tegoba, zaposlenike treba educirati o metodama i načinima prilagodbe neergonomske opreme, korištenju pauza, potrebi tjelovježbe, a poslodavce treba educirati o potrebi organizacije radnog vremena u novim uvjetima rada od kuće.

Este ensaio/experimento pretende estabelecer um diálogo com pesquisadores, curadores, artistas e demais pessoas interessadas nos saberes-fazeres das artes afro-diaspóricas a partir da fundamental contribuição da poetisa Leda Maria Martins e do princípio da encruzilhada. Esse exercício crítico aponta algumas ideias a respeito do trabalho no campo das artes visuais manuseando a noção de encruzilhada como princípio orientador e organizador das práticas nesse campo.

The article discusses the morality of W. B. Yeats’ sonnet Leda and the Swan in the context of a widening gap between the sexual mores of earlier times and our own, and whether the poem remains a suitable choice for the teaching of stylistics. I begin by examining stylistics treatments of the poem, and its political, social and artistic context, then move on to consider charges of misogyny against the poem for eroticising and failing to condemn the rape it depicts. To assess these charges I examine other literary uses of the Leda myth both before and after Yeats, including earlier poems which romanticise the rape, and later ones which vilify it. I also consider the implications of my discussion for the teaching of other canonical poems on similar themes. The last part of the paper discusses more generally the place of morality in literature and literature teaching, including stylistics: whether teachers and analysts should promote a moral world view and moral behaviour through their choice of texts and comments on them, or whether there are other valid criteria for selecting and describing a text such as Leda and the Swan. To elucidate current views, I draw parallels with the moral didacticism of the highly influential literary critic F. R. Leavis in the mid twentieth century, and ask whether aspects of his patrician view have undergone a surreptitious revival in some contemporary pedagogy and criticism at the beginning of the twenty first.

Energy-efficiency is an issue that needs to be considered while designing a scheme for target tracking. The purpose of this paper is to propose a scheme for target tracking that mitigates the power consumption. The proposed scheme consists of a dynamic leadership delegation based activation algorithm for efficient target tracking. A dynamic activation range for awaking sensors in the neighborhood of the target is used depending on its speed. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is analysed through extensive simulations. The performance of the proposed approach is observed to be better than the existing approaches in terms of the accuracy of tracking and the amount of power consumption.

In the picture of Saint Pelagius facing Abdderraman III of Corduba, several legends of classical Antiquity are represented: Leda and the swan, the suicide of Lucretia and a third one which the author of this paper identifies with the myth about Crimisus and Egesta. This legends, together with the names of Pasiphae and Minerva written on the picture, seem to be moral allegories obviously related to the main theme of the picture and the reredos to which this one belongs: they portray chastity and reason opposed to the irrationality of lust.

Maximally Smooth Functions (MSFs) are a form of constrained functions in which there are no inflection points or zero crossings in high order derivatives. Consequently, they have applications to signal recovery in experiments where signals of interest are expected to be non-smooth features masked by larger smooth signals or foregrounds. They can also act as a powerful tool for diagnosing the presence of systematics. The constrained nature of MSFs makes fitting these functions a non-trivial task. We introduce maxsmooth, an open source package that uses quadratic programming to rapidly fit MSFs. We demonstrate the efficiency and reliability of maxsmooth by comparison to commonly used fitting routines and show that we can reduce the fitting time by approximately two orders of magnitude. We introduce and implement with maxsmooth Partially Smooth Functions, which are useful for describing elements of non-smooth structure in foregrounds. This work has been motivated by the problem of foreground modelling in 21-cm cosmology. We discuss applications of maxsmooth to 21-cm cosmology and highlight this with examples using data from the Experiment to Detect the Global Epoch of Reionization Signature (EDGES) and the Large-aperture Experiment to Detect the Dark Ages (LEDA) experiments. We demonstrate the presence of a sinusoidal systematic in the EDGES data with a log-evidence difference of $86.19\pm0.12$ when compared to a pure foreground fit. MSFs are applied to data from LEDA for the first time in this paper and we identify the presence of sinusoidal systematics. maxsmooth is pip installable and available for download at: https://github.com/htjb/maxsmooth, Comment: 21 pages, 16 figures

In Leda and the Swan, one of the greatest Anglophone lyric poets of the 20th century W. B. Yeats explores the idea of a single act having tremendous importance for human history. Such a momentous event can bring about the end of civilization and become the dawn of a new age. This is a great cataclysmic moment in history (merging history and myth) for Yeats. The paper suggests that Yeats's sensibilities subtly permeate the narrative and form of Elena Ferrante's The Lost Daughter, thus illustrating the mode of ambiguous past penetrating the present-the tradition that interested Yeats - arguably becoming what in Ferrante has been seen as a form of radical and committed reflection on myriad of contemporary issues. In this context, Yeats and Ferrante communicate the ideas of fragmentation and instability, the sensation of the world crumbling and reforming, and, in doing so, they refer to an instability of boundaries and identities. This is a sensation experienced by both female protagonists - Yeats's mythical Leda and her more contemporary counterpart.

espanolEl movimiento literario llamado «el modernismo» se origino en Hispanoamerica, creo una lista de los poetas muy importantes en la literatura hispanoamericana y trajo consigo unas novedades en la poesia. Los temas provenientes de la historia y la mitologia clasica, la civilizacion oriental y la America prehispanica se trataron de forma original, lo que representa una de sus novedades principales. Este es tambien el tema de este trabajo dedicado a la elaboracion del mito de la mitologia griega desde el punto de vista de Ruben Dario (1867–1916) y Delmira Agustini (Delmira Agustini, 1886–1914). Se trata del mito sobre Leda y el cisne y el corpus incluye los poemas «Leda» del poeta nicaraguense y «El cisne» de la poetisa uruguaya. Nuestro objetivo es senalar las similitudes y diferencias en la elaboracion del mito ya mencionado mediante el analisis comparativo. Teniendo en cuenta que Delmira Agustini forma parte de la segunda generacion de modernistas, de los llamados «posmodernistas», y que Ruben Dario es el representante mas importante del modernismo en su apogeo, es interesante, por un lado, comparar sus interpretaciones y visiones de este mito helenico, y por otro lado, senalar en que medida se adoptan, superan y, en ultima instancia, coinciden los elementos mitologicos y simbolistas en los poemas seleccionados српскиKnjiževni pokret modernizam nastao je na tlu Hispanske Amerike krajem XIX veka i iznedrio je vrlo znacajne hispanoamericke pesnike, a sa sobom je doneo i novine u poeziji. Teme potekle iz klasicne istorije i mitologije, istocnjackih civilizacija i prehispanske Amerike obrađivane su na originalan nacin, sto predstavlja jedan od njegovih glavnih novina. To ujedno cini i temu ovog rada koji se bavi obradom grckog mita sa tacke gledista nikaragvanskog pesnika Rubena Darija (Ruben Dario, 1867-1916) i urugvajske pesnikinje Delmire Agustini (Delmira Agustini, 1886–1914). U pitanju je mit o Ledi i labudu, te su korpusom obuhvacene pesme „Leda” („Leda”) Rubena Darija i „Labud” („El cisne”) Delmire Agustini. Cilj istraživanja je da se komparativnom analizom ukaže na slicnosti i razlike u obradi gorepomenutog mita. Imajuci na umu da je Delmira Agustini deo druge generacije hispanoamerickih modernista, tzv. postmodernista, a Ruben Dario najznacajniji predstavnik hispanoamerickog modernizma na njegovom vrhuncu, interesantno je, s jedne strane, porediti njihovu interpretaciju i viđenje ovog helenskog mita, a s druge strane, ukazati na to u kojoj meri se mitoloski i simbolisticki elementi usvajaju, prevazilaze i, na kraju, podudaraju u odabranim pesmama. Njihova tumacenja ovog mita se umnogome razlikuju, a do ovakvog zakljucka smo dosli sistematicnom analizom vec pomenutih pesama. Kljucne reci: Ruben Dario, Delmira Agustini, grcka mitologija, Leda, labud. EnglishThe literary movement modernismo originated in Spanish America and gave birth to very important poets in Spanish American literature, bringing about novelties in poetry. Topics originating from classical history and mythology, Eastern civilizations and pre-Hispanic America were treated in an original way, which is one of its main novelties. That is also the topic of this paper, which considers the treatment of the Greek myth from the point of view of Nicaraguan poet Ruben Dario (1867–1916) and Uruguayan poet Delmira Agustini (Delmira Agustini, 1886–1914). The myth in question is about Leda and the swan, and the corpus includes the poems "Leda" ("Leda") written by Dario and "The Swan" ("El cisne") written by Agustini. The aim of this article is to point out the similarities and differences in the treatment of the aforementioned myth. Bearing in mind that Delmira Agustini is a part of the second generation of modernists, the so-called postmodernists, and Ruben Dario is the most important representative of modernismo at its peak, it is interesting, on one hand, to compare their interpretations and visions of this Hellenic myth, and on the other hand, to point out the extent to which mythological and symbolist elements are adopted, surpassed and, ultimately, matched in selected poems. Their interpretations of this myth differ greatly, and we came to this conclusion through a systematic analysis of the mentioned poems. Key words: Ruben Dario, Delmira Agustini, Greek mythology, Leda, swan.

Social scientists in general and conflict researchers in particular increasingly combine multiple datasets to study ethnic politics and conflict in Africa. We facilitate these efforts by systematically linking over 8,100 ethnic categories from 11 databases, including surveys, geographic data, and expert-coded lists. Exploiting the linguistic tree from the Ethnologue database, we propose a systematic solution to the grouping problem of ethnicity. An analysis of political exclusion, mistrust of state leaders, and ethnic grievances highlights different ways of linking ethnic categories from multiple datasets. The LEDA open-source software package allows researchers to link ethnic groups from any database with explicit rules and to add their own data on ethnic groups. ISSN:0022-3433 ISSN:1460-3578

A mesa redonda Fonologia, conduzida por José Magalhães (UFU) e organizada em homenagem à professora Leda Bisol, apresenta um panorama dos estudos em Fonologia a partir de diferentes perspectivas teóricas. Carmen Matzenauer (UFPEL) aborda a Fonologia Gerativa Clássica, pautada nos conceitos de níveis de representação, regras e traços, e nos desdobramentos do modelo teórico. Luciani Tenani (UNESP – São José do Rio Preto) introduz os pressupostos da Fonologia Prosódica – teoria que organiza o contínuo da fala em constituintes prosódicos hierarquizados. Christina Abreu Gomes (UFRJ) trata da Fonologia baseada no Uso e no Modelo de Exemplares, que prevê abstrações emergentes do uso e da experiência linguística dos falantes.

Review of: Calatonia: A Therapeutic Approach That Promotes Somatic and Psychological Regulation, Anita Ribeiro Blanchard, Ana Maria Galrão Rios and Leda Maria Perillo Seixas (eds) (2019)Miami: Alma Street Enterprise, 325 pp.,ISBN 978-1-09791-435-7, p/bk, £8.93, Kindle, £7.07

Professor’s Leda Tfouni speech, entitled Literacy and Authorship: Dispersion and Drift of Senses, took place on June 5th, 2020, during the series of conferences and roundtables promoted by Abralin. The purpose of the conference given by Tfouni was to amalgamate reflexions on how she has been developing the notions of literacy and authorship, especially in their relations with oral and written discourses. Tfouni understands that authorship even happens in oral discourses, where it is more interestingly observed, since the drift of senses is less controlled and where the dispersion inherent to the subject and the equivocity as the real of the language is established.

Although popular culture has long perceived the gladiators as the manliest of Romans, posturing before howling crowds of plebeians as the rock stars of their day, the sex of gladiators as constructed by Romans is rather more complicated. This chapter considers the sexualized nuances of the arena, touching on the relative masculinity of gladiators within Roman social and political hierarchy, as well as the sliding scale of virility among the different styles of combat. The phenomenon of women in the arena is explored: were spectacles that were populated by women contestants designed to titillate and persuade in a way that was different from the more standard shows? Instances of spectacularized sex, shows that allegedly featured literal sexual engagement, point to demonstrations of moral and political authority by imperial sponsors; literary descriptions of risqué performances likewise functioned as moralizing critique of imperial powerbrokers. The genre of textual descriptions shaded the message of sexual power as well; Christian martyr acts reworked the suffering of Christian women condemned to the arena, claiming for them authority and agency that was both founded on and defiant of their gender.

Review of Leda Papastefanaki. Η φλέβα της γης: Τα μεταλλεία της Ελλάδας, 19ος–20ός αιώνας [The vein of the earth: The mines of Greece, 19th–20th centuries]. Athens: Vivliorama, 2017. 392 pp.

In 1954, the Canadian Geotechnical Research Site No. 1 was established as a testing and experimentation site for the soft and highly sensitive Leda clays that were deposited within the now-drained Champlain Sea. The Gloucester test site has a shallow groundwater table taken as hydrostatic at 0.8 m and is underlain by a sequence of leached marine sediments that make-up the Leda clays and extend about 22 m below grade. Below that are dense glacial tills and limestone bedrock. Previous research studies at the site have included full-scale construction, monitoring, and instrumentation of shallow foundations, embankments, drilled shafts, and driven pilings. Recently, a series of in-situ tests in 2012 and 2014 included type 1 and 2 piezocone soundings, porewater dissipations, and both conventional downhole tests and continuous-interval shear wave velocity measurements have been undertaken. Selected results obtained from laboratory, in-situ testing, and geophysical tests over the past six decades are presented.