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El tema de la investigación es la estimulación temprana. La investigadora pone su mirada acuciosa en las deficiencias en la estimulación temprana de los niños del I ciclo de la EBR que se atienden en las SET del distrito de la Victoria – Chiclayo; y, descubre que estas se manifiestan en una marcada desarticulación de las aéreas psicomotora y socioemocional, en escasas técnicas y actividades de estimulación temprana y ausente participación de la familia, situación que trae como consecuencias notables dificultades para la formación integral de los niños de 6 meses a 2 años edad. Propone como solución del problema un Modelo Pedagógico Sistémico sustentado en la Teoría de Sistemas y los principios científicos de la Neurociencia. Para lograr los objetivos propuestos hace un estudio de los Programas Curriculares del Primer Ciclo de Educación Inicial (0-2 años): Propuesta del DCN y sus derivaciones o eslabonamientos hasta su puesta en práctica en el Aula, en sus Niveles de Áreas, Competencias, Capacidades y Actitudes; y, en efecto concluye que la sospechada desarticulación existe. Luego observa el desenvolvimiento de siete profesoras y, se demuestra que en efecto las técnicas y actividades que desarrollan en el aula no son ni suficientes ni adecuadas. La participación y conocimiento de la familia de los niños y niñas sobre estimulación temprana sí que es de suma preocupación. En este sentido elabora la hipótesis que le permitió conducir el proceso de la investigación con seguridad y garantía; esta quedo descrita así: Si se diseña un modelo pedagógico de estimulación temprana , sustentado en la teoría sistémica y los principios científicos de la Neurociencia; entonces, se podrían las deficiencias de la estimulación temprana de las SET del distrito de la Victoria – Chiclayo de tal modo que se promueva la articulación de las áreas psicomotora y socio emocional , el desarrollo de técnicas y actividades de estimulación temprana y la participación de la familia; que genera la formación integral de los niños de 6 meses a 2 años, el desarrollo de capacidades y habilidades y el compromiso de los padres de familia que favorecen el logro de la calidad de la Estimulación Temprana cuyos resultados se encuentran contenidos en este Informe Final.

It has been found that two-dimensional materials, such as graphene, can be used as remarkable gas detection platforms as even minimal chemical interactions can lead to distinct changes in electrical conductivity. In this work, epitaxially grown graphene was decorated with iron oxide nanoparticles for sensor performance tuning. This hybrid surface was used as a sensing layer to detect formaldehyde and benzene at concentrations of relevance in air quality monitoring (low parts per billion). Moreover, the time constants could be drastically reduced using a derivative sensor signal readout, allowing detection at the sampling rates desired for air quality monitoring applications.

Introduccion: La educacion comunitaria tradicional ha desconocido a los sectores populares por considerarlos ignorantes y les responsabiliza y culpabiliza por su mala salud. Sus modos de organizacion social que les permiten resolver los problemas diarios con un saber y practicas propias han sido poco exploradas. Objetivos: Proponer un proyecto educativo para la vida y la paz desde una praxis transformadora. Metodos: Investigacion cualitativa critico-hermeneutica, fundamentada en la Investigacion Accion Participativa y la Educacion Popular. Se sistematiza un proyecto de extension solidaria anual realizado por casi 20 anos por profesores y estudiantes de una Universidad colombiana con comunidades urbanas y rurales. Se realizaron 12 historias de vida y se acompano a 25 estudiantes en sus trabajos de grado en temas relacionados con la propuesta. Resultados: Se presentan las reflexiones de las historias de vida y del acompanamiento de la Universidad a comunidades marginalizadas que cristalizan en el Programa del Profesional de la Vida Comunitaria y la Paz. Conclusiones: La salud publica debe acercarse a los sectores populares desde un horizonte de sentido politico particular y reconocer el saber popular como una forma de construccion de mundo con la que es necesario ampliar su perspectiva de aproximacion y de trabajo. Introduccion: La educacion comunitaria tradicional ha desconocido a los sectores populares por considerarlos ignorantes y les responsabiliza y culpabiliza por su mala salud. Sus modos de organizacion social que les permiten resolver los problemas diarios con un saber y practicas propias han sido poco exploradas. Objetivos: Proponer un proyecto educativo para la vida y la paz desde una praxis transformadora. Metodos: Investigacion cualitativa critico-hermeneutica, fundamentada en la Investigacion Accion Participativa y la Educacion Popular. Se sistematiza un proyecto de extension solidaria anual realizado por casi 20 anos por profesores y estudiantes de una Universidad colombiana con comunidades urbanas y rurales. Se realizaron 12 historias de vida y se acompano a 25 estudiantes en sus trabajos de grado en temas relacionados con la propuesta. Resultados: Se presentan las reflexiones de las historias de vida y del acompanamiento de la Universidad a comunidades marginalizadas que cristalizan en el Programa del Profesional de la Vida Comunitaria y la Paz. Conclusiones: La salud publica debe acercarse a los sectores populares desde un horizonte de sentido politico particular y reconocer el saber popular como una forma de construccion de mundo con la que es necesario ampliar su perspectiva de aproximacion y de trabajo.

The World is facing its worst economic crisis since the Great Depression. The promotion of sustainable and inclusive economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all is undermined by the consequences of the COVID-19 epidemic. Food security is linked to the majority of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study aims to draw attention to the role of the food security objective, which is based on reliable, equitable and sustainable food systems that benefit from modern and equitable agricultural technologies. Food (in)security negatively affects human physical, social and economic development throughout life and is a significant environmental disruptor with serious consequences for planetary health. In this article, the authors propose the links between food security and sustainable development goals taking pandemic crisis into account to gain novel insights on whether and how recovery policies can be implemented simultaneously, which may lead to more nuanced findings in the global solution of SDGs.

The function and importance of the banking sector play an important role in the development of the economy. This study suggests the calculation and examination of selected variables considered for the study. This paper attempts to analyze five major public, private and foreign banks. The purpose of writing the paper is to find out what measures banks can take to reduce NPAs. Profits decrease when NPA increases, using the Manova model and panel regression in this paper. The analysis is performed using the R software. In this paper, the author has used two methods, random effects and fixed effects. The current study describes the various financial data used in this article. If the definite effect and random impact resistance executed by the Houseman test were to be properly selected, it was concluded that there was a significant effect on deposits, advances, interest, other income, total NPAs, net NPAs, total assets.

The structure of capital and its adequacy to obtain the best results, with a cost of indebtedness as low as possible is an intensely analyzed and debated topic in the literature, numerous theories being elaborated on it. The essence of corporate governance encompasses systems and processes introduced in order to lead and control the company, pursuing performance and creating value for all stakeholders, all these taking into account the best financing solutions and an optimal capital structure. This paper aims to present the effect that corporate governance has on the capital structure of companies. The study was conducted on listed companies from Italy, France and Germany, being used financial and non-financial data from the period 2010-2019. For variables describing corporate governance were analyzed the CEO Duality and the size of the board of directors, while for describing the capital structure, the debt-to-assets ratio was used. It was found that the size of the board positively and directly affects the financial leverage.

Numerous companies have become global, establishing their operation on fluid intake as a basic human need. Over time, the technology associated with the production of soft drinks has developed dynamically, which has also caused increasing competition among the participants of the sector. However, the intensification of the competitive situation is significantly amplified by the rapidly changing and increasingly diverse consumer needs. Based on the above, examination of the industry and examination and comparison of each country's sectoral performance is essential for successful operation. There is more and more competition among the companies operating in the sector to attract and retain the attention of consumers; thus, it is essential to constantly innovate and monitor the activities of the competitors. In the current case, the aim is to compare the short-term liquidity of the Hungarian and Romanian soft drink sector in the period between 2015 and 2019. In the course of the study, the main question is which companies (of which country) performed better in terms of liquidity in the short term within the dynamically changing competitive environment.

Performance management is not a new topic; however, it has gained so much attention recently due to its need in the current competitive business environment. Performance management has been first used in the 1970s, and since then many definitions, frameworks, and concepts of performance management have been introduced, which led to great confusion in the performance management literature. Furthermore, many terms are used interchangeably with performance management, which made the confusion much worse. This article aims to provide a brief review of the evolution of performance management. Moreover, in the literature, it is obvious that even with the new comprehensive systems still the financial indicators are the most common and used indicators, therefore, an overview of some of the most common financial indicators and their importance is provided in this paper. Additionally, some empirical pieces of evidence about the cause-and-effect relationships, which are claimed to be fundamental for the success of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC), are provided. The findings are ambiguous as some support the existence of these relationships, whereas other findings deny their existence.

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has severely affected the globe. The workplace transformed to be an online place. This work was led to examine the impact of COVID-19 on Human Resources Management (HRM) practices in a developing country (Jordan). This study examines, in particular, the impact of the COVID-19 on employee Recruitment, Training, and management of performance and compensation. The in-depth semi-structured interview method has been employed in this research. The study's purpose was to interview 30 Jordanian human resources practitioners who collected information through interactive online interviews. Because of the COVID-19 instructions, the researchers used video and voice calls to ask open-ended questions. The study found that COVID-19 significantly reduced the number of employee recruitment activities. To protect employees from contact with the disease prior to the outbreak, employee training programs have been cancelled. Only some organizations were able to use online training, which would be the best alternative, because of a lack of facilities. The participants were asked if e-learning would work as well as face-to-face training methods. Performance management has become more challenging. In the study, the staff was not able to achieve initial targets because of disease-related disruption. The monitoring of employee performance for organizations that chose to work from home has been difficult, and practice raised concerns about work-life balance problems. Concerning COVID-19, some of its financial obligations had not been carried out by organizations. In the study, e-HRM has been recommended to minimize physical interactions between individuals, as well as to engage employees in crisis-management strategies.

With the luxury goods market constantly growing, understanding the consumer’s behaviour and the factors influencing the purchasing decision-making process is crucial. By understanding the consumer’s behaviour among buyers of luxury goods in times of crisis, this paper can propose a series of measures that could improve the marketing mix and marketing strategies for the companies involved in the luxury goods market, from large manufacturers to retailers. The negative effects of the economic recession caused by the Covid19 pandemic led to the necessity to recognize the changes in the consumer behaviour that may have a lasting impact, and they definitely will. Economic crisis has a significant impact on consumption practices and the way consumers justify their consumption patterns

The notes to the financial statements are a part of the annual statement and the simplified annual statement. One of their main purposes is to provide data and information in order to make the balance sheet and profit and loss account figures clear and usable for owners, investors, creditors and all stakeholders. The notes are required to support the appropriate presentation of a reliable and realistic picture, based on the principles of accounting, in particular the principles of accuracy, clarity, consistency, continuity and full disclosure. Based on previously conducted research, the preparation of the notes to the financial statement and the achievement of their objectives have been frequently criticised. Consequently, in the scope of the present study, a questionnaire survey was conducted concerning the opinion of economic professionals and managers on the information contained in the notes of the stakeholders of their company and on the information that can be obtained from them, which they come across during the process of decision-making.

In a supply chain, the business entity or entities often “forget(s)” to fulfil their obligation to pay VAT. This is all the more true in the case of transactions within the Community, where many abuse the right to tax exemption. Both NAV (National Tax and Customs Administration) and the government are fighting fraudulent taxpayer behaviour, aiming to whiten the economy by curbing fraud. As VAT evasion is difficult or impossible to catch up with, often an intermediary entity within the chain is held accountable as the entity knew or must have known that its transaction contributed to the realization of VAT fraud within the chain. The topicality of the issue is provided by the application of various new tools continuously introduced in Hungary in order to whiten the economy. One of the reasons for this is that there is a lot of abuse in the field of VAT fraud, which means a significant loss of revenue for the Hungarian central budget. Not only do abuses result in a loss of revenue, but revenue is also lost from the state due to unfounded VAT returns. In such cases, the issue involves billions that the state could have spent on the development of health care, education, or other areas. In the absence of due diligence, anyone might inadvertently get into a fictitious invoice chain, thereby supporting the “work” of legal offenders. In general, participation in VAT fraud can be eliminated with due care and reasonable measures. The main objective of the presented study is to introduce, through the verdicts of the Court of Justice of the European Union, some of the measures that the court can reasonably expect from the taxpayer.

This study appraised the implications of CBN cashless economy policy on the performance of banks in Nigeria with specific attention on the effect of automated teller machine, point of sale and web-based transaction on earnings per share. Vector error correction model was used to estimate quarterly data collected on the variables from 2010 to 2018. It was deduced from the analyses that automated teller machine, point of sales and web-based transaction had a long-run effect on earnings per share. However, the short-run disequilibrium in the data set was not adjusting towards long-run equilibrium. This implied that the electronic banking transaction modes jointly influence the earnings per share of the Nigerian banking sector but at a very slow rate towards the long run. It is recommended that banks should extend the coverage of ATM terminals to the rural areas to enhance the level of financial inclusion and by extension boost the earnings of their shareholders in Nigeria. Adequate backup infrastructure should be provided to complement the inadequate public infrastructure since internet connectivity is a sine qua non for improved e-banking services.

espanolEsta investigacion tiene por objetivo conocer el nivel de efectividad de las estrategias de internacionalizacion de las unidades de investigacion de la UNED, a partir de un analisis cualitativo de discurso por medio de un instrumento que consta de preguntas abiertas aplicadas a tres informantes claves: informante 1 de URI, informante2 de la UGPI e informante 3 de la UE-PROIFED. El instrumento fue aplicado en el ano 2020. Las entrevistas fueron sistematizadas en el soware NVIVO 12 Plus, posteriormente, se analizaron las co-ocurrencias y las frecuencias de citacion textual. Los resultados se enfocan a las estrategias, condiciones y ventajas de la internacionalizacion de la UE-PROIFED identificadas por los informantes clave. Para el PROIFED no se evidencia que exista incidencia especifica derivada de ninguna otra estrategia de internacionalizacion, aparte de la generacion de redes de investigacion, debido a la falta de indicadores que permitan medir dicha incidencia, asi como condiciones especificas para la internacionalizacion asociadas con la cultura organizacional en la UNED. Se recomienda mejorar el sistema y la gestion de indicadores de internacionalizacion paralas unidades de investigacion, asi como realizar estudios similares que tomen en cuenta a otras unidades ejecutoras dentro de la institucion para mayor un analisis comparativo EnglishThe objective of this research is to know the level of effectiveness of theinternationalization strategies of the research units of the UNED, based on a qualitativeanalysis of discourse through an instrument consisting of open questions applied to threekey informants: informant 1 of URI, informant 2 of the UGPI and informant 3 of theUE-PROIFED. e instrument was applied in 2020. the interviews were systematizedin the NVIVO 12 Plus software, subsequently, the co-occurrences and the frequenciesof textual citation were analyzed. the results are focused on the strategies, conditions,and advantages of the internationalization of the UE-PROIFED identified by the keyinformants. For PROIFED there is no evidence that there is a specific incidence derivedfrom any other internationalization strategy, apart from the generation of researchnetworks, due to the lack of indicators that allow measuring such incidence, as wellas specific conditions for internationalization associated with culture organizationalin the UNED. It is recommended to improve the system and the management ofinternationalization indicators for the research units, as well as to carry out similarstudies that consider other executing units within the institution for greater comparativeanalysis. portuguesO objetivo desta pesquisa e conhecer o nivel de efetividade das estrategiasde internacionalizacao das unidades de pesquisa da UNED, a partir de uma analise qualitativa do discurso por meio de um instrumento composto por questoes abertasaplicadas a tres informantes-chave: informante 1 da URI, informante 2 da UGPI einformante 3 da UE-PROIFED. O instrumento foi aplicado em 2020. As entrevistasforam sistematizadas no soware NVIVO 12 Plus, posteriormente, foram analisadasas coocorrencias e as frequencias de citacao textual. Os resultados estao centradosnas estrategias, condicoes e vantagens da internacionalizacao do UE-PROIFEDidentificadas pelos informantes-chave. Para o PROIFED nao ha evidencias de que existauma incidencia especifica derivada de qualquer outra estrategia de internacionalizacao,alem da geracao de redes de pesquisa, devido a falta de indicadores que permitammensurar essa incidencia, bem como de condicoes especificas de internacionalizacaoassociadas a cultura organizacional na UNED. Recomenda-se o aprimoramento dosistema e da gestao dos indicadores de internacionalizacao das unidades de pesquisa, bemcomo a realizacao de estudos semelhantes que contemplem outras unidades executorasda instituicao para maior analise comparativa.

En el actual posicionamiento en contextos regionales e internacionales del Sistema Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de Colombia – SNCTeI; El Estado ha buscado con ahínco el desarrollo de habilidades investigativas para la formación de nuevos contingentes de científicos, dicha exploración a simple vista desarticulada en el modelo espiral compuesto por el Estado–la escuela / universidad –la empresa y la sociedad cada vez más se arraiga al fomento de los preceptos clásicos de la investigación en donde sin importar la modalidad (presencial–virtual) el nivel (preescolar, básica, secundaria, pregrado, postgrado) o el área disciplinar, se espera la aprehensión de estructuras y métodos para el desarrollo de unidades de realidad o proyectos para solventar algún tipo de necesidad del entorno. Esta gestión de capacidades inicia un largo trayecto por parte de los actores del SNCTeI para abarcar la mayor cantidad de elementos que garanticen la implementación de la triada de procesos inherentes a la investigación tales como: el empirismo, la sistematización y la argumentación; pero, que desafortunadamente en el afán de buscar indicadores burocráticos asociados al reporte de número de proyectos en formulación, en curso y finalizados; dejan a media marcha los aprendizajes de los directos involucrados en todo tipo de estructuras epistemológicas y ontológicas para la verdadera resolución de preguntas problemas y no solamente la promoción de documentos enunciativos.

espanolEl presente escrito es una reflexion basada en las practicas de observacion en clases de ingles en Colombia. Es necesario recalcar que las observaciones de clases no solo son practicas para evaluar, criticar o juzgar; a su vez, estas practicas se constituyen como escenarios propicios en los cuales la reflexion y la critica cobran un papel preponderante. Igualmente, se realizo un analisis de una estrategia especifica, como lo son las observaciones de clases de ingles en Colombia, desde el ano 2012 hasta 2019, en fuentes como programas de bilinguismo, planes de fortalecimiento de ingles y noticias de periodicos colombianos. El autor indaga sobre lo oculto en estas practicas, lo que no se ve en las investigaciones academicas sobre el tema, y lo que probablemente no se debe mostrar cuando el observador y el observado se encuentran en esta dinamica de observacion. Los hallazgos muestran una postura diferente y critica sobre la estrategia de las observaciones de clases de ingles de Colombia por medio de unas categorias propuestas y, finalmente, el lector lograra identificar lo que posiblemente esta mas alla de estas practicas que aun se llevan a cabo durante procesos educativos en este pais portuguesO presente texto e uma reflexao baseada nas praticas de observacao das aulas de ingles na Colombia. E necessario destacar que as observacoes em sala de aula nao sao apenas praticas para avaliar, criticar ou julgar, mas sao processos importantes nos quais a reflexao e os aspectos criticos desempenham um papel relevante. Uma analise das observacoes das aulas de ingles de 2012 a 2019, na Colombia, foi realizada em fontes de dados, como programas de bilinguismo, planos do governo para o fortalecimento da Lingua inglesa e noticias em jornais colombianos. O autor investiga os aspectos ocultos dessa pratica, o invisivel deste topico na pesquisa e, provavelmente algo que nao deve mostrar quando o observador e o observado estao interagindo nessa dinâmica de observacao.As descobertas apresentam uma posicao diferente/critica sobre as observacoes das aulas de ingles na Colombia atraves de algumas categorias propostas e, finalmente, o leitor podera identificar o que esta alem dessa pratica e o que foi realizado durante os processos educacionais neste pais. EnglishThis present text is a reflection based on the classroom observation practices of English classes in Colombia. There is a need to highlight that classroom observations are not just practices evaluating, criticize or judge: at the same time, these practices are important processes where the reflection and the critical aspects play a relevant role. Also, an analysis from 2012 until 2019 of a strategy called classroom observations of English classes in Colombia was made in data sources such as Bilingualism programs, Strengthening English plans, and news on Colombian journals. The author inquiries into the hidden aspects of this practice, the unseen of this topic in research and probably something which should not be shown when the observer and the observed are interacting in this observation dynamic. The findings expose a different/critical stand about the classroom observations of English classes in Colombia through some categories proposed and then, the reader will be able to identify some aspects which are probably beyond in this practice and has still carried out during education processes in this country

espanolEste estudio busca caracterizar la perspectiva de estudiantes de doctorado en torno a un seminario virtual orientado a la revision de capitulos de la tesis producidos por los propios estudiantes a partir del intercambio y la retroalimentacion con pares y expertos (docentes y tambien directores de tesis). En funcion de un analisis cualitativo centrado en la perspectiva de los participantes se han identificado diferentes categorias sobre dimensiones especificas del seminario. En este articulo se consideran las siguientes: las actividades del seminario basadas en tres modelos (modelo de situacion comunicativa, modelo del evento y modelo textual), la formacion desde la practica, la revision entre pares, la revision de los expertos y la transferencia de conocimiento. Estas categorias aportan evidencia acerca de que la participacion en el seminario contribuiria con la incorporacion de las tesistas a la comunidad academica y cientifica. Asi, el seminario funcionaria como una microcomunidad de practica academica EnglishThis study seeks to characterize the perspective of doctoral students around a virtual workshop, which is aimed at reviewing thesis chapters produced by the same students, based on exchange and feedback with peers and experts (teachers and thesis supervisors). Based on a qualitative analysis focused on the participants’ perspective different categories have been identified on specific dimensions of the seminar. In this article, the following are considered: the seminar activities based on three models (communicative situation model, event model and textual model), training through practice, peer review, expert review and knowledge transfer. These categories provide evidence that participation in the seminar would contribute to the incorporation of PhD students into the academic and scientific community. e workshop serves as a microcommunity of academic practice. portuguesEste estudo busca caracterizar a perspectiva dos alunos de doutorado em torno de um seminario virtual voltado para a revisao de capitulos de teses produzidos pelos proprios alunos a partir da troca e feedback com pares e especialistas (professores e tambem diretores de teses). A partir de uma analise qualitativa focada na perspectiva dos participantes foram identificadas diferentes categorias em dimensoes especificas do seminario. Neste artigo sao considerados os seguintes: as atividades do seminario baseadas em tres modelos (modelo de situacao comunicativa, modelo de evento e modelo textual), treinamento da pratica, revisao por pares, revisao de especialistas e transferencia de conhecimento. Essas categorias fornecem evidencias de que a participacao no seminario contribuiria para a incorporacao das teses a comunidade academica e cientifica. Assim, o seminario funcionaria como uma micro-comunidade de pratica academica

Different approaches to defining the essence and content of the concepts of “love”, “joy” and “fear”, their interaction in terms of teaching are analyzed in the article. It is emphasized that the main thing in love is its spiritualization. Only the spirit, the spiritual power, reveals to a man the true, worthy object of love. Love is creativity, openness of the human soul, it is an organic, aesthetic need of a man. This approach is especially important in the system of relations “teacher – student; teacher – student”. It is proved that the teacher's love for the student must be effective, it is based on trust, mutual assistance, without love pedagogical activity loses its value. An important manifestation of love is the joy of common achievements. Love and joy are related concepts. Joyful hobbies that guide cognition, enter the noosphere of a man, contribute to mental and spiritual growth. Instead, the category of “fear” is defined as an emotion that arises in a situation of threat to the biological or social existence of the individual and is aimed at the source of real or imagined danger. In the article, the concept of “fear” is considered on a Christian basis, and therefore, analyzed as the fear of God and human fear. The need to train specialists in the field of professional and pedagogical activities in the context of solving the outlined problems is emphasized.

The article substantiates the urgency of the problem of health promotion through education and upbringing. The increased attention of scientists to the problems of the theory and practice of health pedagogy is revealed, the vectors of scientific researches in this sphere are determined. The need to use the positive elements of the experience of foreign countries in the theory and practice of domestic health education is emphasized. The purpose of the article is to highlight the content and some forms of implementation of health-oriented educational programs in the educational process of schools in the Republic of Poland. The research methods were aimed at describing the legislative basis of health care activities in Polish schools; analyzed a number of legislative documents of the Republic of Poland on health of children and youth – “National Health Program” (1990), the Law “On Education” (1991), the Law “On Physical Culture” (1996), the Law “On Reform Education System” (1999), Order of the Minister of National Education “On the Basic Curriculum of Preschool and General Education” (2008). The most important strategies and tactics of this process in this country are highlighted. A variety of methodological approaches have been used to provide the most objective and holistic view of the research problem. The analysis of health-preserving activity of 10 schools of the Republic of Poland is carried out: kindergarten-schools № 7 of Krakow, state primary school named after St. Kinga in Zhegochyn, state primary school № 11 named after Lviv Eagles in Opole, association of schools with integration departments (primary school № 13 and gymnasium № 3) in Myslowice, association of schools № 2 named after John Paul II in the village of Nazzym, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, primary school № 10 in Tarnowskie Gory, primary school in Nivka, primary school № 42 named after Stanisław Staszyc in Łód, primary school № 23 named after John Paul II in Rzeszów, primary school № 20 in Katowice. The diversity of health-oriented educational influences has been revealed. The author presents the content and forms of implementation of the following programs in schools: “My child goes to school”, “A glass of milk”, “Keep fit”, the National AIDS Program and HIV prevention, “Clean air around us”, “Fruit and vegetables at school”, “Healthy eating and physical activity in schools”, “Don't fall for me, please”. The author offers prospects for further research - a comparison of practical and methodological aspects of solving the problem of health of a growing individual in secondary schools in Poland and Ukraine.

The article emphasizes the fact that the problem of providing effective pedagogical support for personal development of children with mental and physical disabilities occupies an important place in the educationa theory and practice of modern Ukraine. Among scientists there are different approaches to determining its content, purpose and objectives. Most researchers consider pedagogical support of children with special educational needs (SEN) assystematic actions and measuresaime datensuring positive results in the educational process. The main tasks of pedagogical support of children with psychophysical developmental disorders are to ensure their social adaptation and over come difficulties in communicating with peers; prevention of problems of personal development and upbringing of the child; providing assistance in solving current educational problems and socialization; implementation of psychological and pedagogical counseling for parents. The authorsempha size that art therapy is rightly considered to be an effective means of pedagogical influenceon children with SEN in an inclusive educational space. Art therapy as a method of diagnosis, change and resource development of an individual, group or team through the use of different art sand their own creative activities has a wide field of application in various areas of teaching. To achieve a positive result in the pedagogical support of children with SEN the following arttherapy means are used: drawing therapy, fairy-tale therapy, sand therapy, music therapy, photo therapy, color therapy, which can be integrated, completing each other. It is scientifically proven that theuse of different types of arts contributes to the development of a child’s emotional and communicative sphere, the establishment of interpersonal communication, taking into account emotional state of peers. During art therapy classes peculiarities of interpersonal communication are revealed, obstacles in its establishment are found and over come, and as a result the development of social-communicatives kills of children with SEN.

This article describes planned research on the practice of inclusive education in Poland in the context of Pierre Bourdieu's [3] concept of society, in which field is one of the basic concepts. In using this term, the author intends to describe the social space of the school, the social space’s organization, and the state of the school’s social position; as well as to answer the question: What is the reality of inclusive education, as analyzed using the illusio category? It is necessary to analyze the state of the implementation of the assumptions made by inclusive education in primary schools, and to find out the opinions of teachers working with students covered by this type of education. In P. Bourdieu’s [3] concept of society, the field is the source of what is social, it shapes it in those who are within its area of influence. This “attitude” is called illusio [11, p. 188]. Illusio is a state of engrossment in a game that the participant is unaware of. This is the result of direct recognition of the field's requirements. Everyday educational life in the context of P. Bourdieu's concept falls within the field of activities of the Ministry of National Education. The teacher takes part in a game whose rules are set by the Ministry of National Education. In the context of the proposed research within the scope of the field, apart from teachers, there are also the parents of the children covered by inclusive education.

The article highlights the current problem of motivating students to learn. The use of gadgets in the educational process can positively affect the motivation of students to learn, involve them in creative activities, as well as interest in better and more honest performance of tasks. Since most students are bored at school, it is difficult to involve them in active work in the classroom. The problem of increasing student activity in the classroom is a fairly common and urgent today. It is difficult to imagine a world without modern technology. Laptops, mobile phones, tablets, computers and other gadgets have become good friends for people. They are real colleagues: they help perform many tasks, which normally take a long time to solve. As with any adult, gadgets play a significant role in children's lives. Teenagers and mobile phones are the same inseparable things as teachers and well-prepared notes. Children are increasingly choosing entertainment in front of a monitor, instead of playing outside or walking with family. Social networks, well-thought-out computer games, take the first place among youth hobbies. That is why the important task facing teachers is to arouse interest in learning, to motivate students. And here ICT are simply irreplaceable: they are the chain that connects the interests of teachers and students. You just need to learn to creatively use children's hobbies with gadgets. Our research has shown how students' attitudes towards biology lessons and their motivation to learn have changed after using the online lab on the Go-Lab platform, the Kahoot application, and QR-codes.

The article highlights brief theoretical aspects of the origin of distance learning tracing the experience of foreign counties as well as Ukraine’s practice in this regard. The paper outlines practical and social aspects of distance education; definition of what successful distance learning should look like; effective solution to the problem of implementing distance or blended learning by the academic staff of the Precarpathian national University. The necessity of engaging both teachers and students in integrating innovative digital technologies in academic process of education institutions to ensure a quality level of practical classes, creating favorable conditions for self-realization and professional development of future primary school teachers is substantiated. Major accent is placed on the efficiency of the use of particular digital tools like Kahoot, Mentimeter, Pear Deck and Flipgrid for innovative organization of education environment, creative presentation of theoretical information, consolidating students’ knowledge, practical skills and abilities, formative and summative assessment of learning outcomes, development of students’ competences within certain courses, as well as systematic professional self-improvement. It was found out that among the difficulties most often faced by the education institutions in working with students was identified as follows: providing equal access to online or blended education under the condition of Coronavirus pandemic in rural, mountain and low-income communities, etc. The authors proved the quality of introduction and application of distance learning at the Pedagogy Faculty of the PNU in the process of teaching/studying the academic courses of the language and literature cycle can be assessed by means of the mentioned in the research digital instruments. This will contribute to the practical orientation of the educational process, active participation of each student in the learning process, increasing motivation and engagement in all forms of cooperation in the education environment.

The modern world puts great demands on people when it comes to understanding its purpose and meaning, which undoubtedly changes the lives of individuals and social groups. People are particularly concerned about the possibility of freeing themselves from imposed group ties, enjoying the rights of a citizen and a member of a community, and the way in which freedom is exercised without restrictions. What has so far been a well-established basis for human activity and the maintenance of the existing order is now losing its importance, and is being replaced by new life opportunities. The authority of traditional social structures such as the social class, local community or family has declined. Normative and axiological systems, and consequently the quality of functioning of the contemporary family, its structure, scope of performed duties and relations within a family, have also undergone transformations. It is becoming increasingly common for adults who form the main axis of the family to decide on a divorce. This is not conducive to the optimum development of children, as they lose the sense of security, trust in adults, fail to fulfil their own lives and even doubt about the existence of true unselfish love. Parents' divorce decisions often result in emotional and motivational disorders which are manifested by difficulties in establishing social contacts, building profound relationships and coping with difficult situations. The paper shows the results of exploratory research on how adults brought up in divorced single-parent families can function in the social and professional environment. The research employs the diagnostic survey method using the auditorium questionnaire and the “100 Sentences – 100 Opinions” tool by Mirosław J. Szymański. The results of the research clearly show that adults brought up in single-parent families are involved very differently in social and professional life. They build their short- and long-term professional and personal goals in distinct ways. Personal and social characteristics of the respondents are the factors determining the observed activity. The research results are in line with the relevant literature and prove the impact of growing up in a single-parent family on children's activity in adult life.

In order to improve the quality of studying of fourth-year students of the Medical Faculty and the Foreign Citizens Training Faculty, as well as to intensify the educational process at the Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergology of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University a modern class-discussion was introduced. For a successful discussion a clear organization of the class has been proposed. It implies careful planning, clear implementation of the rules of the discussion by all its participants, compliance with certain regulations. The class-discussion consists of the following main stages: entrance testing by QR-code for quick assessment of the level of knowledge and obtaining rating indicators from individual sections of the discipline; short summary multimedia presentation on modern methods of diagnosis and principles of treatment of the diseases of a certain profile; application of the elements of role-play (simulation): students’ role-playing of the patient, family doctor, laboratory doctor, doctor of functional diagnostics, doctor-specialist, the head of the hospital with the subsequent modeling of various clinical situations. Thus, the class-discussion in the proposed form with elements of interactive learning is a versatile type of practical lesson, which increases students' ability to think analytically; develops research, communication, heuristic, and leadership skills as well as the ability to make informed decisions about the patient's further clinical route. It contributes to the consolidation and integrated application of the knowledge obtained during the study of the discipline.

The article highlights the urgency of the problem of training engineering and technical professionals, taking into account the development of technology and social challenges of the market economy. Emphasis is placed on the need to ensure gender equality in the choice of engineering professions, equal opportunities for men and women. The essence of the concepts: “gender”, “gender pedagogy”, “gender culture”, “gender socialization”, “gender stereotypes”, “gender competence”, “gender education”, “gender inequality”, “gender roles” and others are substantiated. It is determined that gender studies are of great interest for pedagogical and psychological science, as they relate to the gender-role socialization of a person, his/her personal and professional development. The results of an empirical study on gender stereotypes in occupational choice among students of Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas are presented (110 people took part in the survey). It has been revealed that gender is not the prerogative of many young people in engineering profession choice, however, such stereotypes still exist in the society. It was proven that for future professionals in this field, gender discrimination took place in their lives (28.4% of respondents) and it is mostly female who acquire technical professions. One third of students (32%) admitted that they had faced cases of unequal wages to men and women. It has been proven that negative gender stereotypes are more subjective than objective, which gives hope for a fundamental possibility of overcoming them in the training of specialists at the Technical University.

The urgency of the problem of future primary school teacher training for dialogic learning of students taking into account modern challenges of globalization and digitalization of education is substantiated. The contradictions taking place in the practice of professional training in pedagogical universities are emphasized. The theoretical aspect of the outlined problem is highlighted. The characteristics of the content of the following concepts are given: dialogic learning, educational dialogue, dialogic communication, pedagogical communication, the teacher’s communication culture, communication etiquette, etc. The components of teachers’ pedagogical skills as personal and professional factors of successful organization of dialogic learning in school are presented. It is proved that the organization of dialogic learning at school requires the formation of a teacher's system of skills, namely: to organize and manage the dialogic process in learning; create a positive communicative atmosphere for the exchange of thoughts and ideas; pedagogically expedient to stimulate communication between students; apply advanced dialogic learning technologies; motivate students to create or solve educational tasks using productive dialogue; effectively use means of verbal and nonverbal communication; make emotional contact and listen to the interlocutor, etc. The strategy of communicative approach in the educational process of the pedagogical university is widespread, first of all as for humanities. The author notes that the readiness of future primary school teachers to organize a productive educational dialogue is determined not only by the level of development of communicative abilities and skills, but also other personal traits: intellectual qualities, motivation for teaching, love for children, emotional balance, empathy, tolerance, professional responsibility, high level of moral culture, readiness for innovative activity, desire for self-improvement and self-education, etc. The author's material from the dissertation “Training of primary school teachers to organize dialogic learning” for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (2020) is partially used in the article.

The urgency of the problem of formation of communicative-strategic competence of future primary school teachers is substantiated in the article. The importance of implementing a communicative approach in the professional training of students in terms of reforming the education system in accordance with the Concept of the New Ukrainian School is emphasized. The authors of the article emphasized the specifics of pedagogical discourse as strategically planned and aimed at achieving a certain communicative goal. The results of the survey of graduate students majoring in “Primary Education” are revealed, which proved the necessity of developing a special methodology for the formation of future teachers’ communicative-strategic competence. The essence of the transdisciplinary approach as the basis of the specified technique is revealed. The characteristics, basics and the overarching purpose of the method are given. It is substantiated that in the conditions of the organization of pedagogical discourse the purpose becomes a process of educational work, ways and methods of knowledge acquiring and mastering of skills in the specific intersubjective communicative-dialogic space created by the teacher which students join as equal participants of communication among other participants with common considering of social situation, specifics of the future profession, professional language. The communicative concepts of navigation character are defined and conceptual fields of interconnected communicative concepts for providing transdisciplinary connections are characterized. The principles of realization of the offered technique are revealed: conformity of the modeled educational process to the final purpose of future teachers’ training for work in the conditions of the communicative environment of modern primary school; taking into account specifics of future professional activity; considering psychological features of future teachers' acquisition of communicative knowledge and skills; optimal combination of theoretical knowledge and practical skills; selection of the most effective forms, methods, technologies of formation of communicative-strategic competence.

The article highlights theoretical aspects of the socio-pedagogical direction of pedagogical practice of future primary school teachers.The tasks of pedagogical practice as a mandatory component of professional training of future specialists are outlined. The necessity of involvement employers in cooperation with higher education institutions to ensure a high level of continuous practical training, creating conditions for professional development and self-realization of future teachers are substantiated. Great emphasis is placed on the need for creative use of theoretical knowledge and practical skills working with students, modern teaching technologies, students’ educational and social development, as well as systematic professional self-improvement and self-development. It was proved that in the process of teacher training system pedagogical practice performs a number of important functions: educational, developmental, diagnostic and corrective, communicative, organizational (management), prognostic, preventive, etc. The approximate content of this student practice in general educational institutions is given taking into account such directions, as: work with deviant and gifted pupils, inclusive education, sociocultural animation, etc. The results of an empirical study on the readiness of graduates of pedagogical specialties for the practical use of social and educational technologies in school are presented. The difficulties most often faced by respondents in working with students were identified, including: work with different categories of parents, individual counseling of students, resolution of pedagogical conflicts, implementation of diagnostic activities and socio-pedagogical communication, etc. The author proved that combination of theoretical and practical teacher training, integration of teaching with research and experimental work would contribute to the practical orientation of the educational process at the university, active search and implementation of non-traditional forms and methods of teaching, in particular in socio-pedagogical aspects. The article partially uses the materials of the author's dissertation “Theoretical and methodological principles of professional training of future primary school teachers for socio-pedagogical activities” (2015) for the degree of Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences.

The paper is a brief mapping of the situation in the field of didactics of philosophy in the Slovak Republic. We observe that, despite almost three decades of separation of official philosophy from the dominance of Marxist philosophy, there is no satisfactory basis for the didactics of philosophy. The discipline Didactics of philosophy is represented by improvising several enthusiasts instead of developing serious theoretical foundations. We try to post a few recommendations that belong to all who want to seriously deal with the didactics of philosophy. The most important of them is the establishment of the Slovak scientific journal of didactics, the establishment of the organization of trade didactics, the separation of philosophy from other core subjects and the accreditation of the third level of university education in didactics of philosophy. The author convincingly proves the need to introduce knowledge of philosophy in school, since it will help teach students to think better, apply knowledge more effectively, critically evaluate everyday life, including relationships with parents, teachers, classmates and others. The article emphasizes that the experience of philosophizing will allow students to express their thoughts in writing, as well as to explore at an accessible level “eternal” issues of metaphysics, epistemology, natural philosophy, philosophy of history, philosophy of culture, philosophy of law, philosophical anthropology. philosophy of politics, etc. The urgency of impoving the teacher's competence in teaching this subject at school, in particular, updating the methodological support, substantiation of educational innovations for the use in the study of philosophy, as well as the introduction of ICT in the educational process are substantiated.

‘What is the essence of life? To serve others and do good’ (Aristotle attr). Pubic services across the globe have become increasingly under pressure to deliver more for the same, or at least the same for less in terms of service delivery to the public. Economic downturns, increased demands and national and local societal changes, further exacerbated by a global pandemic, have left public agencies such as the police searching for resources to cope with such changes. One source of assistance, and a chance for people to serve others and do good, is the increased recruitment and use of volunteers to assist regular police officers. However, research upon the use of police volunteers in Australia appears in its infancy, although it is gathering momentum. This article examines the use of volunteers by the New South Wales Police Force (NSWPF), along with examining just who the volunteers are, what type of training they receive and to obtain their views on their roles in the NSWPF.

espanolEn el marco de la llamada cuarta revolucion industrial, el internet y las TIC (Tecnologias de Informacion y Comunicacion), se vuelven imprescindibles. Es decir, cada vez mas la automatizacion de procesos y manejo de informacion por medio de dispositivos electronicos se hace presente con mayor frecuencia, lo que implica contar con trabajadores mejor preparados para poder ser competitivos en sus empresas. En el caso de las instituciones educativas, los maestros y alumnos deben estar a tono con la evolucion tecnologica y desarrollar competencias y habilidades que garanticen el proceso de ensenanza - aprendizaje. El objetivo de la presente investigacion fue describir los distintos usos del celular por estudiantes universitarios, en un dia de clases de una institucion educativa tecnologica del centro de Mexico. Los principales resultados obtenidos muestran que entre un 50% y 75% de los alumnos encuestados utilizan el telefono celular en clase sin consentimiento del maestro, es decir, para atender asuntos personales. EnglishIn the framework of the so-called fourth industrial revolution, the internet and ICT (Information and Communication Technologies), become essential. In other words, the automation of processes and information management through electronic devices is increasingly present, which implies having better prepared workers to be able to be competitive in their companies. In the case of educational institutions, teachersand students must be in tune with technological evolution and develop competencias and skills that guarantee the teaching - learning process. The objective of this research was to describe the different uses of the cell phone by university students, in a class day at a technological educational institution in central Mexico. The main results obtained show that between 50% and 75% of the surveyed students use the cell phone in class without the teacher's consent, that is, to attend to personal matters portuguesNo quadro da chamada quarta revolucao industrial, a Internet e as TIC (Tecnologias de Informacao e Comunicacao) tornam-se essenciais. Ou seja, a automatizacao de processos e gestao da informacao atraves de dispositivos electronicos esta cada vez mais presente, o que implica ter trabalhadores mais preparados para serem competitivos nas suas empresas. No caso de instituicoes de ensino, professores e alunos devem estar em sintonia com a evolucao tecnologica e desenvolver competencias e habilidades que garantam o processo de ensino - aprendizagem. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi descrever os diferentes usos do telefone celular por estudantes universitarios, em um dia de aula em uma instituicao de ensino tecnologico na regiao central do Mexico. Os principais resultados obtidos mostram que entre 50% e 75% dos alunos pesquisados usam o celular em sala de aula sem o consentimento do professor, ou seja, para atender a assuntos pessoais.

The article proves that the implementation of a comprehensive approach to the aesthetic education of students in NUS involves, along with the traditional teaching of subjects, their integration, in particular in the humanitarian, artistic cycle. “The concept of artistic and aesthetic education of students in secondary schools” indicates the need to take into account interdisciplinary, intersectoral links within modern school education because educational processes provide rational, aesthetic, and emotional understanding of the phenomena of the surrounding reality. The article points out that the concept of landscape is interdisciplinary and is used in various fields of art, including literature, which influences the formation of personality, helps gain some knowledge about the environment, the relationship between people and nature. The article analyzes the functions of landscapes in children's stories “Christmas Tree” by Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi and “Pine Tree” by Olena Pchilka in detail. Attention is paid to the consonance of the names of works of art. It is proved that titles implicitly outline the time of action and are projected on the plot. The creative style of Olena Pchilka and Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi is characterized by the “revival” of nature. On the background of winter landscapes, the writers depict the lives of different segments of the population, customs and traditions associated with Christmas. It is indicated that landscapes perform both pictorial and characterological functions. Describing the preparation for Christmas, the writers appeal to the use of contrasts, which helps reveal social issues. In both works, the symbolic marker of wealth/poverty is a Christmas tree/pine tree. Descriptions of the winter elements evoke tragic premonitions. The emotionality of the story emphasizes the rupture of phrases, the accumulation of exclamatory and interrogative constructions. It is shown that landscapes convey the inner experiences of the characters, who successfully overcome all the difficulties and return home. By resorting to the synthesis of arts, using visual materials and musical accompaniment, teachers can develop students' associative thinking and teach to comprehensively analyze information. Analyzing the stories “Christmas Tree” by Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi and “Pine Tree” by Olena Pchilka, students consider not only the topics and issues, but also comprehend the processes of human interaction with nature, which serves to form a humane attitude to the environment and develops aesthetic feelings.

La investigación sobre gamificación reviste una tendencia creciente en la última década, con aplicaciones de principios y elementos propios del juego en ambientes no lúdicos para motivar el aprendizaje a diferentes niveles educativos, desde básica primaria, hasta entornos empresariales. Dado el potencial de estas estrategias para realizar cambios estructurales dentro y fuera del aula, esta investigación aplica los principios de gamificación propuestos por Noran (2016), para el diseño y prototipado de una herramienta gamificada, que apoye transversalmente los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en una facultad de ingeniería. Para ello se trabajó con 121 estudiantes y 166 egresados que participaron en la priorizaron de competencias relevantes para ingenieros. Los resultados señalan tres capacidades prioritarias para este ejercicio: 1) adquirir nuevo conocimiento y usarlo eficazmente, 2) identificar y resolver problemas de ingeniería, y 3) trabajar en equipo. Además, se diseñó la herramienta con tres lúdicas gamificadas que buscan reforzar las competencias transversales priorizadas.

The paper highlights the results of empirical research regarding the issues undermining the implementation of inclusive education in the context of training handicraft teachers and, consequently, discovers effective ways to eliminate them. It shows that future handicraft teachers are mostly not ready to implement inclusive education. This is due to the lack of adequate knowledge and skills required to work with children with special needs. Besides, the paper indicates students’ unawareness of categories of children with special needs and characteristics of correctional and developmental work in handicraft lessons, including relevant exercises, motor activity. This fact negatively affects future teachers’ emotional readiness to work under such conditions. Working with various tools while processing structural materials requires adherence to safety rules in lessons and appropriate organization of design and technological activities. The paper specifies that teacher placement supervisors do not have the necessary experience of working with children with special needs and thus cannot prepare their students for that. Also, it justifies the need to develop students’ emotional readiness to work with children with special needs, update the content of professional training for future handicraft teachers, taking into account the specifics of inclusive education, develop their ability to employ teaching methods appropriate for inclusive classes in handicraft lessons. Finally, the paper isolates the main areas that can help to increase the effectiveness of professional training of future handicraft teachers in higher education institutions so that they can work with children with special needs.

The article identifies the peculiarities of the formation of moral and ethical concepts of students in extracurricular activities. In particular, positive influence of means of Ukrainian folk pedagogy on the education of moral qualities of students is revealed. Folk-pedagogical methods of stimulation, encouragement, motivation of children, and correction of their behavior are outlined. The process of formation and development of desirable moral qualities in children takes place in a close relationship between learning and education, as it is impossible, in the educational process to aim at the formation of some moral and ethical values, and in extracurricular educational work – others. The effectiveness of the process of moral and ethical education of children largely depends on the purpose and those educational tasks set by the teacher (educator), pedagogical tools and forms of organization of the pedagogical process, the principles of systematic and pedagogical cooperation of school and family in solving this problem. It proved to be a great loss to neglect the achievements of folk pedagogy, especially when it comes to raising the level of morality of schoolchildren. Two directions: cognitive and applied are carried out in the process of formation of moral and ethical concepts of education of students in extracurricular educational work, as well as in educational activities. This means that students, in addition to mastering and deepening theoretical knowledge, have opportunities for their practical application.

The problem of professional training of future social workers in the context of formation of necessary knowledge, skills and abilities is actualized in the article. The views of scientists on the content of the notions of competency, competences and professional competency of social workers are considered. The author's definitions of “competency”, “competences”, “professional competency” and “social and legal competency” are also suggested. Professional competency is the formation of various components, a system of certain components and personality and psychological properties of the individual, which includes knowledge, skills, abilities, personal characteristics and organizational and pedagogical conditions for training future specialists. The main components of socio-legal competencies are identified: cognitive, activity-operative, motivational, personal and instrumental. It also identifies the types of social and legal knowledge that future social workers will receive in the course of their professional training and the skills and abilities of their professional activity. Knowledge of social and legal activity for work with young families was divided into types by the following criteria: socio-legal knowledge in the fields of law, socio-legal knowledge obtained by the degree of their hierarchy in legislation, socio-legal knowledge of the degree of formation, social and legal knowledge on the degree of use of the acquired information. In addition, the acquired knowledge and skills of social and legal activity, which is an activity-operational component of social and legal competency, are accordingly formed in relation to the acquired social and legal knowledge: individual organizational skills, skills and abilities in forecasting and design work, skills and counseling skills. An instrumental component of the formation of complex knowledge of social and legal activity is suggested where social design as a modern progressive tool for overcoming social problems in dealing with young families was highlighted. A social project called “Education for a Young Family” was developed. It is proved that without all the components, social and legal activity will not be fully implemented and social and legal competency will be impossible to develop.

El tema a desarrollar en este artículo confluye en la filosofía de la imaginación; este tipo de estudio se puede ubicar en un plano estético del lenguaje, al abordar la noción de la ensoñación poética como una tecnología del yo dentro de la actividad del conocimiento de sí mismo que se desprende en una catarsis, a partir de este encuentro con la poesía, con el objetivo de reivindicar el papel de la filosofía y la poesía como un referente en la construcción de programas sociales educativos. Siguiendo una metodología en la que se analizan los resultados obtenidos en las sesiones coordinadas por la Fundación Casa de Hierro en las cárceles del Atlántico, realizadas con personas privadas de su libertad, que experimentan con la poesía la estrategia pedagógica que promueve la integración, el desarrollo del conocimiento de sí mismo, la exploración del ser a través de la imaginación, logrando un estado de catarsis que les permite –además de la resiliencia-, una reconstrucción de la identidad mediante una mirada estética.

El presente artículo busca revisar el concepto de compromiso académico en estudiantes universitarios de programas virtuales, los principales factores psicosociales asociados al mismo, así como de los instrumentos de medición que se han desarrollado para medirlo, tanto en programas de educación presencial como virtuales y a distancia. Inicialmente se recopilaron varios artículos de compromiso académico en el ámbito universitario, en bases de datos en español, inglés y portugués. Posteriormente se hizo un análisis comparativo de estos mediante resúmenes analíticos especializados. A partir de esta revisión se encontró que se han desarrollado varios estudios para medir el compromiso académico en educación básica y superior presenciales, pero hay pocos estudios en programas virtuales; de igual manera, se pudo establecer que los instrumentos existentes en su mayoría se centran en algunos factores psicosociales que explican el compromiso académico en ciertos cursos o a nivel de la carrera en general, pero no consideran la influencia de la familia ni de la institución educativa en el compromiso académico del estudiante. Se hace necesario abordar el compromiso académico de manera más holística y diseñar instrumentos que permitan medirlo contemplando múltiples variables.

espanolEl articulo tiene como objetivo realizar una reflexion sobre el proceso de aprendizaje a nivel interno y externo que la sociedad ha tenido que experimentar como consecuencia de la pandemia (Covid-19). Para lograr dicho objetivo se abordaran las perspectivas de las teorias del aprendizaje, se enfatizara la teoria social cognitiva, desarrollada por Albert Bandura, la cual soporta evidencias de aplicacion en diferentes disciplinas sociales y cobra mayor relevancia los mediadores de dicha teoria: a nivel interno, creencias, pensamientos, motivacion; a nivel externo, variables ambientales. Como resultado de ello se pretende analizar el comportamiento del ser humano en su proceso de aprendizaje y la influencia de factores externos que debe construir en un entorno continuamente cambiante, lo que demanda del individuo la capacidad de un proceso sistematico de adaptacion en el momento de analizar, reflexionar, asimilar y modificar conductas sobre el mismo y su entorno, afectando su respuesta emocional y comportamental. Dicha reflexion permite comprender la desesperanza percibida en algunos humanos ante situaciones dificiles de controlar. EnglishThe article aims to reflect on the internal and external learning processthat society has had to experience because of the pandemic (Covid-19). To achievethis objective, the perspectives of learning theories will be addressed, the cognitivesocial theory, developed by Albert Bandura, which supports evidence of application indifferent social disciplines, will be emphasized and the mediators of said theory becomemore relevant: internally, beliefs, thoughts, motivation; externally, environmentalvariables. As a result of this, it is intended to analyze the behavior of the human beingin his learning process and the influence of external factors that he must build in acontinuously changing environment, which demands from the individual the capacity ofa systematic process of adaptation at the time of analyzing , reflect, assimilate and modifybehaviors about himself and his environment, affecting his emotional and behavioralresponse. This reflection allows us to understand the hopelessness perceived in somehumans in situations that are difficult to control. portuguesO artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre o processo de aprendizagem interno eexterno que a sociedade tem vivido em decorrencia da pandemia (Covid-19). Para atingiresse objetivo, serao abordadas as perspectivas das teorias de aprendizagem, enfatizando-se a teoria social cognitiva, desenvolvida por Albert Bandura, que suporta evidencias deaplicacao em diferentes disciplinas sociais e os mediadores dessa teoria tornam-se maisrelevantes: internamente, as crencas, pensamentos, motivacao; externamente, variaveis ambientais. Com isso, pretende-se analisar o comportamento do ser humano em seuprocesso de aprendizagem e a influencia de fatores externos que devem ser construidosem um ambiente em constante mudanca, que exige do individuo a capacidadede um processo sistematico de adaptacao. na hora de analisar, refletir, assimilar e modificar comportamentos sobre si e seu meio, afetando sua resposta emocional ecomportamental. Essa reflexao permite compreender a desesperanca percebida emalguns humanos em situacoes de dificil controle.

The current state of development of the Ukrainian state requires further reform of all spheres of life of the Ukrainian community. The democratization of the principles of higher education needs special attention. Since students are the driving force of society, the developer of unique ideas of the present and future, a factor in the formation and development of civil society, so the democratization of student life, active participation of students in different organizations, leadership skills and teamwork, making the right decisions and responsibility for their implementation becomes especially relevant during educational transformations. Student governments have a significant impact on youth. The range of such influence primarily extends to the realization of the student in the modern world, meeting his/her needs, both in education and in other areas, including volunteer, artistic, managerial, social and more. Therefore, membership in student organizations gives a young person a valuable life experience, which can later be implemented in practice. Participation in student self-government contributes to the development of students' leadership qualities, the formation of their active civic life positions. That is, the activities of student government in higher education institutions are aimed at forming the values of the younger generation. At the same time, student self-government is a unique factor in reforming the modern system of the educational process in higher education institutions. Applicants are actively involved in the development, implementation, and accreditation of educational programs, are experts in the accreditation of the National Agency for Quality Assurance in Education. The article demonstrates the effectiveness of student self-government bodies in higher education institutions on specific examples, substantiates the need for their development as one of the factors that contributes to the improvement of quality assurance processes in education.

The world is increasingly becoming more digitalised as advanced technologies become more affordable and easier to use. Growing digitalisation conjures up many questions about if the “rewards” and added convenience of connectivity outweigh the supposed “risks.” Such risks include peoples’ overdependency, reliability and trust on technologies to provide safety, security and privacy in homes and workplaces; people’s general lack of security consciousness and security hygiene; as well as the (un)suitability of technologies and the strategic use of those technologies to mitigate crime and safety/health risk. Growing “security consumerism” means that nations’ citizens now have an important part to play in improving efficiency in emergency response. It is yet to be known, however, whether smart home security appliances are better than passive or monitored alarm systems, and whether added convenience of home automation is supplementary with the security returns. Using a Security Equilibrium Matrix based on literature review and meta-data analysis, this article hypothesises that smart home security appliances provide more security “returns” than passive alarms with the caveat that cyber security and privacy is sacrificed. It argues that the trade-offs between security and convenience is deeply contextual, and this ultimately affects emergency response on a macro-scale. It argues that technology firms have a huge part to play in reducing the variance between the identified convenience-security trade-offs.

The author of the article attempts to analyze the current pre-school education system of Uzbekistan, its main challenges, shortcomings and reforms. Moreover, this research will provide the study of the importance of learning at early ages (3-5) and its impact on the future learning and personal development of children. The research highlights the analysis of domestic and foreign prospects of the studied issue. Namely, the researcher presents the view that developed countries pay more and more attention to boost the quality of pre-school educational institutions, the efficiency of curriculum, and implementation of more social activities to enhance the development of children’s soft skills; however, this is not the case in developing countries such as Uzbekistan. Thus, the goal of the paper would be to elaborate on the need to consider, remodel and upgrade the pre-school education system further and trigger to start some campaigns which will aim to develop young mother’s personal and professional development. The study will highlight the impact of pre-school education by evaluating the literature in the field, looking deeper at the experience of developed countries as well as considering the situation in Uzbekistan regarding the mentioned area. The findings of the paper can be deployed to prepare educational policy and contribute to the development of the entire education system of Uzbekistan.

Various scholars and institutions regard global social instability as the greatest threat facing this decade. The catalyst has been postulated to be a Second Great Depression which, in turn, will have profound implications for global security and national integrity. This paper, written from a broad systems perspective, illustrates how emerging risks are getting more complex and intertwined; blurring boundaries between the economic, environmental, geopolitical, societal and technological taxonomy used by the World Economic Forum for its annual global risk forecasts. Tight couplings in our global systems have also enabled risks accrued in one area to snowball into a full-blown crisis elsewhere. The COVID-19 pandemic and its socioeconomic fallouts exemplify this systemic chain-reaction. Onceinexorable forces of globalization are rupturing as the current global system can no longer be sustained due to poor governance and runaway wealth fractionation. The coronavirus pandemic is also enabling Big Tech to expropriate the levers of governments and mass communications worldwide. This paper concludes by highlighting how this development poses a dilemma for security professionals.

It was identified through this Australian study that organised crime groups operate in a variety of criminal markets and as a result the methods of organised crime groups also vary. Utilising the Sleipnir framework of Organised Crime to analyse the characteristics of organised crime groups, it emerged that the Sleipnir framework did not reflect the link or reliance an organised crime group may have on victims to succeed in their criminal endeavours. Human trafficking is a crime type where victimisation of an individual would be considered an essential element to undertake the crime. This led to the development of a Victimological Framework and further defined the organised crime attribute of ‘victimisation’; which was incorporated into the research on the context of organised crime involvement in sex trafficking crimes in Australia. Understanding and identifying an organised crime groups’ ability and need to victimise individuals, groups or businesses is an important element to understanding the context of organised criminal offending.

Serial homicide attracts significant attention from the media, entertainment industries, the criminal justice system, and related disciplines even though it accounts for less than 1% of all homicides in Australia. Despite this interest, there is a shortage of research on serial murder specifically applicable to Australia. This study provides an overview of Australian serial homicide, reporting on characteristics related to the victims, perpetrators, and features of the crime. The sample is the largest ever examined in Australia and consists of 71 serial homicides, with 317 victims, committed by 82 perpetrators where each committed at least two homicides. By examining the Australian National Homicide Monitoring Program, the Radford and Florida Gulf Coast University Serial Killer Database, court transcripts, textbooks, and media reports, the authors tabulated offence variables including the number of victims, number of offenders, and motive.

The article is devoted to the research of the place of the mathematical word problems in the course of mathematics of primary school in Ukraine. The researchers define the results in the study of solving math problems, find out the essence of the process of solving math problems, form primary school students’ ability to solve math problems that contain a constant. Among the mentioned are to find the fourth proportional, do the proportional division and find the unknown number by two differences. The paper deals with the organization of educational research of students in order to identify common and distinctive features of the mathematical structures of these types of math problems and their influence on the method of solution. Based on the methodological system of teaching primary school learners to solve math problems by S. Skvortsova, taking into account the essence of the concept of “ability to solve math problems” and the methodical system of forming the ability to solve certain types of math problems, it has been proposed a system of drilling activities for the generalization of mathematical structures and methods of solving math problems that contain a constant value.

The article deals with modern strategies for working with literature in the future teachers’ training process, especially in work with tales. Suggested technologies make it possible to move away from traditional text analysis, to offer interesting interpretations as well as to focus on details. A text comes to life as it receives new interpretations, and visual ones complement the verbal content. This strategy helps make the reading more stimulating. It helps unleash and develop students’ analytical and creative potential: interpret scientific texts, create a lapbook and scrapbook. The examples are discussed on the material of Baum’s tales, “American Tales”, which is a fascinating and original phenomenon of American literature for children, and it provides a considerable space for interpretation. These tales are bright, interesting, and funny and allows to suggest to play with text, details, characters. Such game is impossible without attentive reading and understanding the main ideas of the text. The authors of the given manuscript recommend the following methods of working with texts as calligrams, hero pyramid, mind mapping, six thinking hats by E. Bono, etc. As a result, students begin to read literature more carefully, pay attention to details and better memorize certain episodes. The success of applying holographic technologies in dealing with literature is proved. Thus, the following skills like reading, creative thinking, critical thinking, the ability to express thoughts have been developed as well as the fear of misinterpretation of texts has disappeared.

Multi-stage deposition of metals from a sulfate solution with a high concentration of iron, aluminum, copper, zinc, and nickel has been studied. The concentrations of the components correspond to the composition of the sub-basement waters of the Gaisky GOK. Granular magnesia-silicate reagent based on serpentinite (Khalilovsk magnesite deposit, the Orenburg region, Russia) has been used as an alkaline agent. The magnesia-silicate reagent's ability to reduce the acidity of solutions is due to the presence of products of destruction of the original serpentine mineral, mainly magnesium oxide. The results of the solutions multi-stage purification from metals simulation have been presented. It has been found that the reagent did not wholly exhaust its activity during a single contact with the solution. Therefore, the possibility of its repeated use for the 2nd and 3rd time has been studied. As the solution is neutralized according to the known pH range of the beginning and complete deposition of metal compounds, first iron, and then aluminum are deposited. For copper and nickel, the effect of co-precipitation is observed until the pH of precipitation of poorly soluble compounds is reached. Iron is the main component of precipitations at the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd stages, which corresponds to pH = 2.4-3.7. At the 4th stage (pH = 4.0), the precipitations consisted mainly of aluminum compounds. The copper and nickel content in precipitations increase due to decreased concentration of major components (aluminum and iron) and a pH increase. The deposition of zinc from the solution occurs not to the precipitations, but on the granules surfaces. Precipitations enriched in aluminum and iron have been obtained. Sorption and co-precipitation processes have been observed for copper, zinc, and nickel, which prevents individual precipitation by these metals. Thermally activated serpentine minerals can be considered a promising alkaline reagent for technogenic solutions neutralization and purification.

The Sallanlatva massif belongs to the group of Paleozoic alkaline-ultrabasic complexes wide spread in the Kola Region (the northwestern part of the Fennoscandian Shield). In the central part of this massif, the host ijolite and urtites contain calcite, ankerite, ankerite-dolomite and siderite carbonatites. The explosive processes that led to the formation of carbonatite breccias in the calcite and ankerite-dolomite carbonatites occurred in Sallanlatva massife in the last stages of the carbonatite magmatism. There are two types of explosive carbonatite breccias in the Sallanlatva massif: (1) glimmerite-calciocarbonatite breccias, and (2) siderite-dolomite breccias. Analysis of the mineral composition of fragments and matrix and the shape of fragments in breccias has shown that the first material to intrude into the host calcite and ankerite-dolomite carbonatites was calcite melt. After that, dolomite melt penetrated through the fracture zones, which resulted in the formation of siderite-dolomite breccias. The differences in the mineral composition of the breccia matrix suggest that the residual carbonatite melts originate from separate magma chambers. The chamber with calcite melt was located at great depth, and some captured glimmerite fragments were abraded during the melt upwelling. Silicate-dolomite melts lifted from a shallower depth; the captured fragments of siderite carbonatites retained their angular shape. Late hydrothermal processes yielded veins and caverns with Ba-Sr-P-S-Ti-REE mineralization in the breccias and host rocks.