94 results on '"kibernetika"'
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2. VPRAŠANJE EPOHALNEGA OBRATA: OB ČLANKU IVANA URBANČIČA »JUGOSLOVANSKA ,NACIONALISTIČNA KRIZA' IN SLOVENCI V PERSPEKTIVI KONCA NACIJE«.
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HROVAT, Luka
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CYBERNETICS ,SLOVENES ,NATIONALISTS ,CRISES - Abstract
Copyright of Phainomena is the property of Phenomenological Society of Ljubljana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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3. Autonomie und Automation.
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Lenhard, Johannes
- Abstract
Copyright of Synthesis Philosophica is the property of Croatian Philosophical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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4. SPEKTAKEL IN ČAS V SODOBNI FILOZOFIJI.
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Vuger, Dario
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CYBERNETICS ,HISTORICAL analysis ,MEDIA studies ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,DATA visualization ,MEDIATION - Abstract
Copyright of Phainomena is the property of Phenomenological Society of Ljubljana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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5. DINAMIKA PROMENA OSNOVNIH ELEMENATA PREDUZEĆA.
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Todosijević, Radmilo, Kontić, Ljiljana, and Todosijević, Miloš
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ATTITUDE change (Psychology) ,INVESTMENT policy ,VALUE creation ,CONSUMER attitudes ,MARKET positioning - Abstract
Copyright of New Economist / Novi Ekonomist is the property of University of East Sarajevo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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6. Opening the Cage at Hungría 74: Hungarian Artists in Argentina and Their Critical Take on the Dematerialization of Art Objects.
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Trüper, Lena Sophie
- Subjects
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ART objects , *ARTISTS , *EXILE (Punishment) , *CRITICAL analysis , *CONCEPTUAL art - Abstract
In 1974, the exhibition Hungría 74 presented 24 artists from Hungary at the Centro de Arte y Communicación (CAYC) in Buenos Aires, Argentina. By the time, artists from both countries suffered political repressions of the dictatorships ruling their countries. Hungría 74 thus was one of the few occasions to interchange ideas. However, the artists from Hungary and Argentina did not first and foremost agree on their political stance. Rather, they were both preoccupied with the dematerialization of art objects. Among Western artist dematerialization was perceived as a rebellious act against the commodification of art objects on the market; it was also embraced as a positive effect of media societies facilitating participation of marginalized groups. However, Argentinian and Hungarian artists transformed the idea to their own means. Experiencing political oppressions, they understood that the loss of material presence was not merely positive. By contrast, it was connected to disappearance, forced exiles or invisible political surveillance. The works of Dóra Maurer, Tamás Hencze, István Haraszty, György Jovánovics presented at Hungría 74 reflect these different notions of dematerialization and offer a critical perspective on the broader political consequences of dematerializations in media societies developing worldwide since the 1970s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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7. Čovjek u petlji
- Author
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Zoran Ergarac
- Subjects
Norbert Wiener ,kibernetika ,teorija informacija ,petlja ,vještačka inteligencija ,mikroposlovi ,Social Sciences ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 - Abstract
Norbert Viner je početkom šezdesetih godina iznio tezu o potrebi razvoja načina učenja kod mašina, što se u ovom radu dovodi u kontekst savremene debate o pravcima razvoja vještačke inteligencije i koncepta “ćovjek u petlji”. Ovaj koncept je iz ranijih faza razvoja kibernetike prešao u savremeni koncept kraudsorsinga (crowdsourcing) i mikroposlova i opstaje kao vremenski neodređena faza razvoja kojoj se ne nazire kraj, uprkos stavovima i tezama savremenih autora o prelasku praga nakon kojeg će doći do nenadgledanog učenja od strane vještačke inteligencije, nezavisnog od čovjeka. Ovi stavovi se u radu upoređuju sa indikacijama stvarnih dešavanja na ovom polju, dobijenim iz medijskih uvida u problematiku.
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- 2021
8. HERETIČNOST IN ODGOVORNOST V SOCIALNI PEDAGOGIKI .
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Demšar, Rok
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HERESY ,TEACHERS ,CYBERNETICS ,RESPONSIBILITY ,PREJUDICES ,MULTIPLICITY (Mathematics) - Abstract
Copyright of Socialna Pedagogika (14082942) is the property of Socialna Pedagogika and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
9. The Intelligence of Machines.
- Author
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TRUJILLO, JOAQUIN
- Subjects
ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,CYBERNETICS ,MULTIPLE intelligences - Abstract
Copyright of Filosofija, Sociologija is the property of Lithuanian Academy of Sciences Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
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10. Hipnoza kot okoliščina za psihoterapijo.
- Author
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Barnes, Graham
- Abstract
V članku poročam o svojem kibernetskem raziskovanju teorije, o tem, kako na teorijo osredotočena psihoterapija preobrača prakse vsakdanjega življenja v psihopatologije, ki jih sama predlaga. Namesto tega zagovarjam stališče, da naj bi psihoterapija uporabljala ideje vsakega klienta in ob tem izkoristila hipnozo za ustvarjanje okoliščin za učinkovito psihoterapevtsko prakso. S kibernetskim proučevanjem teorije obravnavam tri probleme: (1) kako na teorijo osredotočena psihoterapija deluje v klinični praksi, (2) kako je možno preseči na teorijo osredotočeno psihoterapijo in (3) kako je možno opredeliti hipnozo kot ustvarjanje okoliščin za učinkovito psihoterapevtsko prakso. Kot primer reševanja teh treh problemov predstavim delo Roberta Lindnerja, ki je povezal hipnozo in psihoterapijo ter nato še obe s kibernetiko. Njegov klinični primer z naslovom Kavč na reaktivni pogon nam ponuja gradivo za proučevanje tega, kako je možno z uporabo klientovih idej preseči na teorijo osredotočeno psihoterapijo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
11. UPGRADE OF CYBERNETICS IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPING CREATIVITY.
- Author
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VASYLIVNA KNYSH, Inna
- Subjects
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CYBERNETICS , *HUMAN-machine systems , *ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *INDUSTRIAL relations , *CREATIVE ability - Abstract
The author attempted to consider upgrade of cybernetics in the context of developing creativity in modern scientific discourse. First-order cybernetics studied observed systems, secondorder cybernetics dealt with observing systems, and third-order cybernetics studied the subject- polysubject environment - cyberspace. So, changes in the character of labour, the means of production, industrial relations and labour power have been analyzed. The article also considers the problem of "physicists and lyric poets", which prompted researchers to look for possible ways to resolve the contradictions. It resulted in the establishment of interdisciplinary connections between cybernetics and art at the non-classical stage, while at the post-non-classical stage, an interdisciplinary synthesis led to their mutually beneficial collaboration. The author uses the notion of hyphspace as metaphorical abstraction for defining a virtual reality (a component of the noosphere) that exists inside a computer network (the subject-polysubject environment). Hyphspace at the present stage of cybernetics development is becoming the basis for its subsequent (but not final) upgrade - fourth order cybernetics. Cybernetics in an interdisciplinary synthesis with art is moving from cognizing human-machine systems to the formations with growing human-dimensionality, where there is a persistent increase in the number of users-nomads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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12. Epistemologija halucinacij in slišanja glasov: prispevek konstruktivizma in nevrofenomenologije.
- Author
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Možina, Miran
- Subjects
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THEORY of knowledge , *HALLUCINATIONS , *SOCIAL constructionism , *MENTAL illness - Abstract
This review article focuses on the debate which is once again resurfacing in western culture: is hearing voices (»auditory verbal hallucinations« (AVH) in psychiatric vocabulary) a symptom of mental disorder or valuable resource? What is the appropriate reaction to voice hearers and their social context: endeavours to silence the voices with medication or acceptance and their utilization for recovery? The author is contributing to this debate from the viewpoint of cybernetic or constructivist epistemology as it was defined by Gregory Bateson (1904-1980). After a short summary of the history of voice hearing the epistemological problems with the definition of AVH are presented. With neuroscientific discoveries and epidemiological data it is shown that we are all potential voice hearers. Then the neurophenomenological project is presented in a more detailed way, which could connect first- and third-person research of AVHs. Additionally this is explained with the presentation of possibilities for the coexistence of objectivist nomothetic, hermeneutic constructivist and transformative epistemology. The article concludes with a consideration of not only how this coexistence could be helpful for a better quality of response to voice hearers, but also in a broader sense for the development of science and correction of pathologies of epistemology which are threatening ourselves, our close relatives, society and indeed the whole ecology of our planet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
13. Primjena i provođenje informacijske sigurnosti u Republici Hrvatskoj - regulativni okviri i standardi
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Dolić, Frano and Boban, Marija
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informacijska sigurnost ,informacijski sustav ,information system ,information security ,cybernetics ,security risk ,kibernetika ,DRUŠTVENE ZNANOSTI. Informacijske i komunikacijske znanosti ,SOCIAL SCIENCES. Information and Communication Sciences ,sigurnosni rizik - Abstract
U ovom diplomskom radu pokušali smo objasniti i približiti temu i definiciju informacijske sigurnosti koja uključuje ljude, procese, tehnologije, uređaje, mreže, informacije, postrojenja, proizvode, politike, postupke i sustave. Obrađena su poglavlja koja se odnose na informacijsku sigurnost, informacijski sustav, sigurnosne rizike i procjenu rizika, kibernetiku i kibernetički kriminal, sigurnosnu politiku, zakonodavni okvir informacijske sigurnosti te norme informacijske sigurnosti (ISO standardi). Svaki navedeni pojam je objašnjen i definiran, ukratko je opisan povijesni razvoj informacijske sigurnosti i informacijskih sustava. Posebnu pažnju treba skrenuti na zaštitu informacijske sigurnosti edukacijom i obrazovanjem pojedinaca i zaposlenika, uvođenjem sigurnosnih pravila i zaštitnih mjera da bi se sigurnosni rizici sveli na minimum te voditi brigu o ažuriranju sustava informacijske tehnologije. In this thesis, we tried to explain and approximate the topic and definition of application and implementation of information security in the Republic of Croatia- regulatory framework and standards, which includes people, processes, technologies, devices, networks, information, plants, products, policies, procedures and systems. Chapters related to information security, information system, security risks and risk assessment, cybernetics and cybercrime, security policy, legislative framework of information security and information security norms (ISO standards) are covered. Each mentioned term is explained and defined, the historical development of information security and information systems is briefly described. Particular attention should be paid to the protection of information security through the education and training of individuals and employees, the introduction of security rules and protective measures to minimize security risks, and to take care of updating the information technology system.
- Published
- 2022
14. Identities of artificial beings and key characteristics of humanity in the film industry
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Gazdek, Franka and Nikodem, Krunoslav
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identiteti ,science fiction ,film industry ,cybernetics ,SOCIAL SCIENCES. Sociology. Sociological Theory ,artificial beings ,znanstvena fantastika ,filmska industrija ,DRUŠTVENE ZNANOSTI. Sociologija. Sociološka teorija ,kibernetika ,cyberpunk ,umjetna bića ,identities - Abstract
Zahvaljujući napretku tehnologije i razvoju kibernetike kao znanosti, od druge polovice 20. stoljeća pojavljuju se mogućnosti realiziranja ideja o spajanju čovjeka i tehnologije. Osim sjedinjenja organskog i strojnog, razvijaju se i mogućnosti stvaranja umjetnih bića poput androida i robota. Kao društvo postali smo ovisni o tehnologiji na razne načine. Uz kibernetiku i razvoj tehnologije pojavljuju se novi žanrovi u popularnoj kulturi poput znanstvene fantastike i cyberpunka. Njihovi se autori fokusiraju na utjecaj tehnologije na društvo. Osim u literaturi, umjetna bića zavladala su filmskom industrijom. Zahvaljujući tome, danas u mnogo filmova možemo vidjeti pretpostavke o tome kako će nam se životi i svijet mijenjati kada nam se umjetna bića isprepletu sa svakodnevnim životom. Za ovaj je rad analiziran uzorak od 10 filmova u kojima roboti, kiborzi i androidi imaju glavne uloge. Radnje su pretežno smještene u budućnosti, a prikazi umjetnih bića mijenjali su se kako se kroz godine mijenjala ideja o tome kako će ona izgledati te kako će se ponašati. Umjetna su bića često karakterizirana kao takva da imitiraju ljudske sposobnosti i emocije. U tim slučajevima nerijetko se kao njihov uzor prikazuju ljudska bića, umjetna bića nastoje postati priznati kao dio društva te razvijaju odnose s ljudima. Budući da imaju određene ljudske karakteristike, često preispituju vlastito postojanje, svrhu i identitete. Vrlo često u navedenim filmovima nailazimo na predviđanja gdje su umjetna bića u sukobu s čovječanstvom zbog mnogih razloga. Bez obzira na to, naposljetku je uvijek slučaj da je čovječanstvo spašeno čime se gledateljima filmova daje tračak nade da bismo mogli živjeti u simbiozi s umjetno stvorenim bićima. Thanks to the progress of technology and the development of cybernetics as a science, since the second half of the 20th century, ideas about merging humans and technology became possible to fullfil. In addition to the union of the organic and the mechanical, the possibilities of creating artificial beings such as androids and robots are also developing. As a society we have become dependent on technology in various ways. Along with cybernetics and the development of technology, new genres appear in popular culture such as science fiction and cyberpunk. Their authors focus on the impact of technology on society. Apart from literature, artificial beings have taken over the film industry. Thanks to this, today in many films we can find assumptions about how our lives and the world will change when artificial beings become intertwined with our everyday life. For this paper, a sample of 10 movies in which robots, cyborgs and androids play the main roles was analyzed. The stories and timelines are mostly set in the future, and the depictions of artificial beings have changed over the years as the idea of how they will look and behave. Artificial beings are often characterized as if they're imitating human abilities and emotions. In these cases, human beings are often shown as their role models, artificial beings tend to become recognized as a part of society and develop relationships with people. Because they have certain human characteristics, they often question their own existence, purpose, and identities. Very often in the mentioned films we come across predictions where artificial beings are in conflict with humanity for many reasons. Regardless, it's always the case that humanity is saved in the end, giving viewers a glimmer of hope that we might be able to live in symbiosis with artificial beings.
- Published
- 2022
15. Lacan's War Games: Cybernetics, Sovereignty and War in Seminar II.
- Author
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Bradley, Arthur
- Abstract
Copyright of Filozofski Vestnik is the property of Scientific Research Centre of Slovenian Academy of Sciences & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
16. Kibernetsko tveganje in metode preprečevanja
- Author
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Košir, Tjaša and Huč, Sabina
- Subjects
varnost ,cybernetics ,informacijski sistemi ,security ,kibernetika ,information systems ,tveganje ,risk - Abstract
Kibernetsko tveganje nas obkroža vsakodnevno. Pojasnjeno je kot tveganje za motnje v delovanju podjetja, škoda, ki se zgodi zaradi okvar digitalnih tehnologij, finančne izgube zaradi nepooblaščenega dostopa, razkritja, spreminjanja ali uničenja proizvodnega sistema. Poznamo različne vrste kibernetskih tveganj in skupine ljudi, ki so zaradi razlik v izobrazbi, kulturi in drugem tveganju bolj izpostavljeni. V diplomskem delu je opisanih le nekaj najpogosteje zaznanih in najbolj poznanih kibernetskih groženj, s katerimi se lahko sreča vsak. Kibernetskemu tveganju so izpostavljena skoraj vsa podjetja in vsako izmed njih se glede na svoje izkušnje, znanja in velikost z njim drugače spopada. Pomembno je, da se tveganja obravnava, identificira in kasneje z njimi sooča. V času epidemije COVID-a se je uporaba omrežja in širjenja podatkov ter dela na spletu močno razširila. V uporabo računalnika so bili tako prisiljeni tudi tisti, ki ga prej niso veliko uporabljali. S tem se je močno povečalo tudi kibernetsko tveganje tako za vsakega posameznika kot tudi za podjetja. Poleg povečane uporabe omrežja se je razširilo tudi nakupovanje prek spleta, kjer je veliko možnosti za napad na osebne podatke. Na podlagi slovenskih in tujih raziskav je ugotovljeno, da se je kibernetsko tveganje močno povečalo v različnih organizacijah, še posebej pa v zdravstvu. Preprečevanje kibernetskega tveganja se začne pri vsakem posamezniku. Zaradi povečane uporabe omrežij je potrebno otroke že v zgodnjih letih naučiti in seznaniti z varno uporabo spleta. Veliko otrok, ki so začeli uporabljati internet, je naletelo na negativno izkušnjo. Prav zato mora biti o kibernetskem tveganju poučen vsak, saj se le tako varnost v družbi poveča. Za preprečevanje tveganj so v večjih podjetjih zaposleni posamezniki, ki so še dodatno usposobljeni za kibernetsko varnost. Znanih je kar nekaj različnih metod, načinov, programske opreme in ostalih načinov, s katerimi preprečujemo kibernetske napade in tako zmanjšujemo kibernetsko tveganje. Metode sem na podlagi učinkovitosti, porabljenega časa in cene med sabo primerjala. Ukrepi so najučinkovitejši, če se med sabo združujejo in če jih uporabljajo vsi uporabniki interneta in naprav. Cyber risk surrounds us daily. It is explained as the risk of disruption of the company's operations, damage that occurs due to failures of digital technologies, financial loss due to unauthorized access, disclosure, alteration, or destruction of the production system. We know different types of cyber risks and groups of people who are more exposed to risk due to differences in education, culture and other. The dissertation describes some of the most perceived and most well-known cyber threats that anyone can face. Almost all companies are exposed to cyber risk and each of them deals with it differently depending on their experience, knowledge and size. It is important that risks are addressed, identified, and dealt with later. During the Covid epidemic, the use of networking and the dissemination of data and work online expanded greatly. Those who had not used it much before were also forced to use the computer. This has also greatly increased cyber risk for everyone as well as for businesses. In addition to increased use of the network, online shopping has also expanded, with many opportunities to attack personal information. Based on Slovenian and foreign research, it has been established that cyber risk has greatly increased in all organizations. Cyber risk prevention begins with each individual. Due to the increased use of networks, it is necessary to teach children from an early age and acquaint them with the safe use of the Internet. Many children who started using the internet had a negative experience. That is why everyone needs to be educated about cyber risk, as this is the only way to increase security in society. To prevent risks, larger companies employ individuals who are additionally trained in cyber security. There are several different methods, software and other ways to prevent cyber-attacks which reduce cyber risk. I compared the methods based on efficiency, time and price. Measures are most effective when combined with each other and used by all Internet and device users.
- Published
- 2022
17. Значај кибернетике као вјештине управљања на појаву киборга, вјештачке интелигенције и виртуелне стварности
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Kovačević, Dragana Čečavac
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virtuelna stvarnost ,bioetika ,tehnika ,nauka ,vještačka inteligencija ,kiborg ,tehnokratija ,kibernetika - Abstract
У овом тексту размотрићемо појам кибернетике и њен утицај на друштво и савремени свијет. Осврнућемо се и на однос човјека, науке и технике и положај човјека у доба технократије. Назначићемо импликације до којих доводи вјештачка интелигенција и њене манифестације. Након што размотримо вјештачку интелигенцију размотрићемо и виртуелну стварност као импликацију кибернетике. У завршном дијелу разматрамо моралне дилеме које су везане за питања појаве вјештачке интелигенције, виртуелне стварности и киборга.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. AXBOROTLASHGAN JAMIYAT TUSHUNCHASINING MAZMUNMOHIYATI VA TARIXIY EVOLYUTSIYASI
- Author
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Shavkat O’Ktam O’G’Li O’Ktamov
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Axborotlashuv ,komleks axloq ,etnogenez ,single value ,kompyuter ,cultural norms ,XXI asr demokratiyasi ,conscience ,qadimgi davr svilizatsialari ,integration ,borders ,complex ethics ,social communication ,globalliztsiya ,sotsiologik ta’sir ,21st century democracy ,chegara ,erkinlik ,yagona qadiryat ,elektronika ,qonun ,law ,computer ,ijtimoiy aloqa ,information society ,sociological influence ,integratsiya ,cybernetics ,electronics ,ancient civilizations ,madaniy me’yor ,axborotlashgan jamiyat ,ethical norms ,ethnogenesis ,Informatization ,vijdon ,new age fields ,freedom ,internet ,kibernetika ,yangi davr sohalari ,globalization ,axloqiy norma - Abstract
XXI-asr insoniyat tarixiga yangi axborot asri nomi bilan kirib keldi. Bugungi davr shiddat bilan rivojlanib borayotgan axborot texnologiyalari, kibernetika, kompyuter va boshqa nano texnologiyalarning rivoji bilan xarakternaladi. Maqolada Axborot, axborotlashgan jamiyat tushunchasining tarixiy evolyutsiyasi, kelib chiqish sabablari, mazmun-mohiyati haqida gap boradi. Shuningdek ushbu maqolada axborotlashgan jamiyat tushunchasining kelib chiqishiga tegishli bo’lgan tarixiy faktlar, ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy sabablar haqida va bugungi kundagi jarayonlarni qamrab oladi., The 21st century has entered human history under the name of a new information age. Today's era is characterized by the rapid development of information technology, cybernetics, computers and other nanotechnologies. The article deals with the historical evolution of the concept of information, information society, its causes, content and essence. This article also covers historical facts related to the origin of the concept of an informed society, socio-economic causes, and current processes
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Niklas Luhmannas: stebėjimo sistemų ir socialinės kritikos klausimu
- Author
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A. Salem
- Subjects
komunikacijos teorija ,kibernetika ,socialiniai pokyčiai ,socialinė kritika ,socialinė teorija ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 - Abstract
Straipsnyje aptariama vokiečių sociologo Niklaso Luhmanno socialinė teorija. Pradžioje formuluojama formalaus kodo, nusakančio komunikacijos sistemos ribas ir darnaus funkcionavimo principą, idėja. Siekiama atskleisti, kaip diferencijuojančio-stebėjimo sistemos gali veikti nepriklausomai nuo žmogaus, kaip atsiranda atotrūkis tarp sąmoningo, aktyvaus žmogiškojo veiksmo ir nuasmenintos komunikacijos sistemos, veikiančios pagal savo vidinę logiką. Toks atotrūkis pastebimas ir sąmoningos socialinės kritikos atveju. Kritika inicijuoja pokyčius, bet antrieji plėtojasi savarankiškai, pagal vidinius sisteminius principus. Straipsnyje teigiama, kad stebintis ir stebimas subjektai, nuoroda į kitą ir savęs įvardijimas, akivaizdumas ir aklumas yra tarpusavyje susiję reiškiniai, o į tai svarbu atsižvelgti svarstant aktualius socialinės kritikos paskirties ir funkcijų klausimus.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Znanstveno-tehnička i medijska budućnost čovjeka i svijeta
- Author
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Vertovšek, Nenad and Greguric, Ivana
- Subjects
znanost i tehnologija ,budućnost ,mediji ,umjetna inteligencija ,kibernetika ,future ,science and technology ,cybernetics ,science and technology, future, media, artificial intelligence, cybernetics ,media ,artificial intelligence ,lcsh:B ,lcsh:Philosophy. Psychology. Religion ,lcsh:P87-96 ,lcsh:Communication. Mass media - Abstract
The scientific-technological future often implies hardly conceivable social-philosophical consequences. The range of media-related changes in the very near future, which will significantly change the current mediation of man and the world, is difficult to predict, but they are inevitable. The technological and biological reality of the upcoming era cannot be viewed as separated from all the sociological, psychological, and media aspects of the society and the individual. What will these irreversible consequences in the networked reality of the media and humans imply in bioethical terms? How should we already now think of man, the human community, and the emerging, globalized world? We are approaching a great “tipping point” in which human life and the possible coexistence of artificial and natural intelligence will be tested and one can only speculate on the media picture of such a reality. Will we look for new frameworks for the Heideggerian age of the Image of the World, return to the premises of Wiener’s cybernetics, or perhaps reaffirm some of the traditional premises?, Znanstveno-tehnološka budućnost donosi često i teško zamislive socijalno-filozofske posljedice. Okvire medijskih promjena u vrlo bliskoj budućnosti koji će bitno promijeniti i sadašnje medijsko posredovanje čovjeka i svijeta teško je predviđati, ali je to neizbježno. Tehnološku i biološku stvarnost nadolazećeg doba ne možemo promatrati izdvojenu prema svim sociološkim, psihološkim ili medijskim aspektima društva i pojedinca. Kakve će biti te nepovratne posljedice u umreženoj stvarnosti medija i ljudi u bioetičkom smislu? Kako već sada promišljati čovjeka, ljudsku zajednicu i globalizirani svijet koji se pojavljuje? Bližimo se velikoj “točki preokreta” u kojoj će se preispitivati što je ljudski život i moguća koegzistencija umjetne i prirodne inteligencije i kakva će biti medijska slika takve stvarnosti. Hoćemo li tražiti nove okvire heideggerovskog doba Slike svijeta, vratiti se postavkama kibernetike Wienera, možda i reafirmirati neke tradicionalne postavke.
- Published
- 2019
21. Kibernetinio modeliavimo vieta bendroje modeliavimo tipų klasifikacijoje
- Author
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Algirdas Kunčinas
- Subjects
Kibernetika ,modeliavimas ,pažinimas ,gnoseologija ,analizė ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
Straipsnyje aprašoma kibernetinio modeliavimo vieta bendroje modeliavimo tipų klasifikacijoje. Autorius, siekdamas išanalizuoti kibernetinio modeliavimo gnoseologinės kategorijos statusą, siekia apibendrinti kibernetinio modeliavimo kaip mokslinio pažinimo metodo supratimą. Susiformavus kibernetikai, modeliavimas įžengė į naują etapą, kuriame kur kas plačiau atsiskleidė šio pažinimo metodo gnoseologinė vertė. Kibernetinis modeliavimas padėjo suprasti iš esmės naujas šio plačiai taikomo metodo savybes, suteikė jam naujų elementų, turinčių didelę perspektyvinę vertę, padarė šį metodą veiksmingesnį. Kai kalbama apie principines modeliavimo metodo galimybes, pirmiausia turima galvoje kibernetinis modeliavimas. Nustatant kibernetinio modeliavimo vietą modeliavimo tipų klasifikacijoje keliami klausimai: ar galima kalbėti apie kibernetinį modeliavimą kaip atskirą modeliavimo tipą, apie kibernetinių modelių ypatumus, ar kibernetikoje taikomi modeliai turi požymių, išskiriančių juos iš visų modeliavimo tipų? Daroma išvada, kad kibernetinis modeliavimas kaip atskiras, savarankiškas modeliavimo tipas išsiskiria tik tada, kai klasifikuojami modeliavimo tipai pagal mokslų objektus.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. The evolution of the concept of artificial intelligence
- Author
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Pantar, Antonija and Čačić, Vedran
- Subjects
računalo kao automatizirani interpretirani formalni sustav ,automated interpreted formal system ,PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Matematika ,GOFAI ,LISP ,neuronske mreže ,NATURAL SCIENCES. Mathematics ,kibernetika ,neural networks ,Cybernetics - Abstract
U prvom poglavlju opisuje se razdoblje u kojem se razvijaju prvi koncepti umjetne inteligencije i formiraju se osnove modernog računarstva. Znanstvenici organiziraju niz sastanaka na kojima raspravljaju o pitanjima inteligencije, razmišljanja i informacija te konačno formiraju znanost — kibernetiku. Neki od najutjecajnijih ljudi uključenih u ovo poglavlje su Norbert Wiener, Arturo Rosenblueth, John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Warren McCulloch i Walter Pitts. Drugo poglavlje opisuje prijelaz sa konektivističkog na simbolički pristup proučavanju i razvoju računala. Prvi puta se umjetna inteligencija formira kao polje znanosti i uvodi se pojam GOFAI. Prikazuje se računalo kao automatizirani interpretirani formalni sustav. Kao jedni od najbitnijih ljudi navode se Charles Babbage, Alan Turing i John von Neumann zajedno s njihovim arhitekturama računala. Kao poseban tip arhitekture ističe se LISP koji je razvio John McCarthy. U trećem poglavlju obrađuje se tema dubokog učenja, odnosno proces vraćanja konektivističkom pristupu i daljnjeg razvoja. Detaljno se obrađuje tema nadziranog učenja i neuronskih mreža, odnosno kako smo od jednog neurona došli do dubokih neuronskih mreža. Zaključuje se nedavnim uspjesima u svijetu umjetne inteligencije i podjelom umjetne inteligencije. In the first chapter the time in which the first concepts of Artificial Intelligence are developed and the bases of modern computer science are formed is described. Scientists organize a series of meetings in which they debate on intelligence, thinking and information, and finnaly they form a science — Cybernetics. Some of the most notable people included in this chapter are Norbert Wiener, Arturo Rosenblueth, John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts. The second chapter revolves around the change from connectivist AI to symbolic AI. Artificial Intelligence is formed as a field of science for the first time, and GOFAI is introduced. A computer is represented as an automated interpreted formal system. Charles Babbage, Alan Turing and John von Neumann, as some of the most important people of that time, and the computer architectures they made are mentioned. John McCarthy’s LISP stands out as a special type of architecture. The third chapter deals with the topic of deep learning, and more of the process of returning to the connectivist approach and further developement. The topic of supervised learning and neural networks is discussed in detail, ie how we came from one neuron to deep neural networks. It concludes with recent successes in the world of artificial intelligence and the division of artificial intelligence
- Published
- 2021
23. EKSISTENCA, DOGODEK IN KAPITAL. KAKO MISLITI BREZ ZGODOVINE.
- Author
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Paić, arko
- Abstract
Copyright of Phainomena is the property of Phenomenological Society of Ljubljana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
24. The Role of Process Ontology in Cybernetics
- Author
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Skansi, Sandro and Šekrst, Kristina
- Subjects
cybernetics ,process ontology ,analogy ,principle of compositionality ,dualism ,Philosophy ,kibernetika ,procesna ontologija ,analogija ,princip kompozicionalnosti ,dualizam ,Kybernetik ,Prozessontologie ,Analogie ,Kompositionalitätsprinzip ,Dualismus ,cybernetics, process ontology, analogy, principle of compositionality, dualism ,cybernétique ,ontologie processuelle ,analogie ,principe de compositionnalité ,dualisme - Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to show the role of process ontology in cybernetics. The philosophical foundations of cybernetics were laid by Norbert Wiener, who used a language full of human-machine metaphors described in terms of information, feedback, and control. We will show that various fields of science still use essentially cybernetic definitions today, which will lead us to a reformulation of such a language from a philosophical point of view: the goal of cybernetics is the study of process analogies. Using the principle of compositionality, we will show how a cyberneticist can easily argue for the ontological sameness of two processes. Such a framework could lead to cybernetics being seen as a fully grounded philosophical theory. As a corollary, we point out that there is a growing need for cybernetics because, thanks to its specific process ontology, it provides a theoretical framework that ontologically bridges dualisms that occur throughout contemporary science., Svrha je ovoga rada pokazati ulogu procesne ontologije u kibernetici. Filozofske temelje kibernetike postavio je Norbert Wiener, koji se služio jezikom punim metafora čovjeka-stroja, opisanih u terminima informacija, povratnih informacija i kontrole. Pokazat ćemo da se različita područja znanosti i danas koriste bitno kibernetičkim definicijama, što će nas dovesti do preformulacije takvog jezika s filozofijske točke gledišta: cilj je kibernetike proučavanje procesnih analogija. Koristeći se načelom kompozicije, pokazat ćemo kako kibernetičar može lako argumentirati ontološku istost dvaju procesa. Takav okvir mogao bi dovesti do toga da se kibernetika smatra potpuno utemeljenom filozofijskom teorijom. Kao posljedicu, ističemo da postoji rastuća potreba za kibernetikom jer, zahvaljujući svojoj specifičnoj procesnoj ontologiji, ona pruža teorijski okvir koji ontološki premošćuje dualizme prisutne u cijeloj suvremenoj znanosti., Die Intention dieser Arbeit ist es, die Rolle der Prozessontologie in der Kybernetik aufzuzeigen. Der philosophische Unterbau der Kybernetik wurde von Norbert Wiener geschaffen, der eine Sprache voller Mensch-Maschine-Metaphern verwendete, die unter dem Aspekt von Information, Feedback und Kontrolle geschildert wurden. Wir werden zeigen, dass differente Wissenschaftsgebiete auch heutzutage noch im Grunde kybernetische Definitionen verwenden, was uns zu einer Neuformulierung einer solchen Sprache aus philosophischem Blickwinkel führen wird: Das Ziel der Kybernetik ist die Erforschung von Prozessanalogien. Anhand des Kompositionalitätsprinzips werden wir darlegen, wie ein Kybernetiker leicht für die ontologische Selbigkeit zweier Prozesse eintreten kann. Ein solcher Rahmen könnte dazu führen, dass die Kybernetik als eine vollständig begründete philosophische Theorie erachtet wird. Als Schlussfolgerung deuten wir darauf hin, dass ein wachsender Bedarf an Kybernetik besteht, da sie dank ihrer spezifischen Prozessontologie einen theoretischen Rahmen liefert, der die in der gesamten zeitgenössischen Wissenschaft in Erscheinung tretenden Dualismen ontologisch überbrückt., L’objectif de ce travail est de montrer le rôle de l’ontologie processuelle dans la cybernétique. Les fondements cybernétiques ont été institués par Nobert Wiener qui se servait d’un langage rempli de métaphores sur l’homme-machine, décrites en termes d’informations, de retours d’informations et de contrôles. Nous montrerons que les divers domaines de la science utilisent aujourd’hui encore des définitions cybernétiques, ce qui nous amènera à reformuler un tel langage à partir du point de vue philosophique. Le but de la cybernétique est d’enseigner les analogies processuelles. En nous servant du principe de composition, nous montrerons comment le cybernéticien peut aisément argumenter en faveur de l’identité ontologique de deux processus. Un tel contexte pourrait mener à l’idée selon laquelle la cybernétique trouverait entièrement ses fondements dans la théorie philosophique. En conséquence, nous mettrons en avant le fait qu’il existe un besoin grandissant pour la cybernétique puisque, grâce à son ontologie processuelle spécifique, elle offre un cadre théorique qui ontologiquement dépasse les dualismes présents dans la science contemporaine.
- Published
- 2021
25. Prolegomena filozofijskog utemeljenja dubokog učenja kao teorije (umjetne) inteligencije
- Author
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Sandro Skansi and Marko Kardum
- Subjects
artificial intelligence, cybernetics, deep learning, empiricism, neural networks ,empirizam ,duboko učenje ,kibernetika ,neuralne mreže ,umjetna inteligencija ,General Medicine ,artificial intelligence ,cybernetics ,deep learning ,empiricism ,neural networks - Abstract
This paper examines the philosophical foundations of deep learning. By pointing to the beginnings of deep learning and artificial neuron as a logical model of a human neuron, it is possible to claim that artificial intelligence was developed even before its official creation and that it was strongly connected to propositional logic. Bearing in mind some major setbacks in the development of neural networks, we show that deep learning can be treated as the theory of artificial intelligence and that it falls under artificial intelligence paradigm by claiming that everything can be done with learning alone and that all intelligent behavior is learnable. Thus, deep learning is a philosophical or an epistemological approach in which a form of radical empiricism must be advocated. Therefore, there is nothing in the mind that was not in the senses, and there cannot be anything in the mind that is not learnable., U radu se ispituju filozofski temelji dubokog učenja. Ukazivanjem na početke dubokog učenja i umjetnog neurona kao formalnog modela ljudskog neurona moguće je tvrditi da je umjetna inteligencija razvijena i prije njezinog službenog imenovanja te da je bila snažno povezana s propozicionalnom logikom. Imajući na umu neke velike zastoje u razvoju neuronskih mreža, pokazujemo da se dubinsko učenje može tretirati kao teorija umjetne inteligencije te da potpada pod paradigmu umjetne inteligencije jer je za nju dovoljno samo učenje jer se inteligentno ponašanje uči. Dakle, duboko učenje je filozofski ili epistemološki pristup u kojem se mora zagovarati radikalni empirizam. Prema tome, ne samo da ne postoji ništa u umu što nije bilo u osjetilima, već u umu ne postoji ništa što se ne može naučiti.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Ljudska evolucija u rukama transhumanista
- Author
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Kaluđerović Mijartović, Zorica
- Subjects
transhumanism ,enhancing ,uploading ,cybernetics ,research Ethics ,transhumanizam ,poboljšanje/napredak ,prijenos ,kibernetika ,istraživačka etika - Abstract
Many transhumanists believe that enhancement can bring us a better life and erase some diseases and incompatibilities in the future, but it may bring us problems that we can be unable to cope with. Humanity may misuse the means of enhancement. What future could it bring us? Is it possible to have a future from science fiction movies and novels? How can we provide a future that has justifiable accessibility to these enhancements? Will we evolve into something different? These are the questions we usually ask when it comes to enhancement. Our intention is to look into these questions from a bioethical point of view, taking into account both the transhumanistic ideas and their critiques., Mnogi transhumanisti vjeruju da nam napredak može donijeti bolji život i izbrisati neke bolesti i nekompatibilnosti u budućnosti, ali nam to može donijeti probleme s kojima se ne možemo nositi. Čovječanstvo može zloupotrijebiti sredstva za napredak. Kakvu bi nam budućnost napredak mogao donijeti? Je li moguće imati budućnost iz filmova i romana znanstvene fantastike? Kako možemo osigurati budućnost koja ima opravdanu dostupnost tim poboljšanjima? Hoćemo li evoluirati u nešto drugačije? To su pitanja koja obično postavljamo kada je u pitanju napredak. Namjera nam je razmotriti ova pitanja s bioetičkog stajališta, uzimajući u obzir i transhumanističke ideje i njihove kritike.
- Published
- 2021
27. Anthropology of a cyborg
- Author
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Omrčen, Hana, Mitrikeski, Petar, and Lopina, Vjera
- Subjects
HUMANISTIC SCIENCES. Ethnology and Anthropology. Anthropology ,posthuman ,cyborg anthropology ,antropologija kiborga ,Kibernetika ,kiborg ,postčovjek ,HUMANISTIČKE ZNANOSTI. Etnologija i antropologija. Antropologija ,DRUŠTVENE ZNANOSTI. Informacijske i komunikacijske znanosti ,SOCIAL SCIENCES. Information and Communication Sciences ,Cybernetics ,cyborg - Abstract
Kibernetički sustav je skup međusobno povezanih elemenata koji djeluju jedni na druge. Takav kibernetički sustav može biti biološki, društveni, tehnički (bavi se problemom upravljanja, reguliranja i obrade informacija u tehničkim sustavima). Primjena takvog sustava dovela je do konceptualiziranja kiborga. Kiborga tradicionalno definiramo kao sustav s organskim i anorganskim dijelovima tijela. U najužem smislu te riječi, kiborzi su ljudi sa strojnim dijelovima tijela. Ti kiborški dijelovi mogu biti restorativne prirode i pomažu tijelu da funkcionira tamo gdje organski sustav nije uspio, kao što su srčani elektrostimulatori, inzulinske pumpe i bionički udovi, ili poboljšane tehnologije koje poboljšavaju ljudsko tijelo izvan njegovog prirodnog stanja. U najširem smislu, sve ljudske interakcije s tehnologijom mogu se kvalificirati kao kiborške. Antropologija kiborga je disciplina koja proučava interakciju između čovječanstva i tehnologije iz antropološke perspektive. Nudi nove spoznaje o tehnološkim napretcima i njihovom utjecaju na kulturu i društvo. Prvenstveno se fokusira na to kako ljudi koriste znanost i tehnologiju kako bi ih učinili smislenim dijelovima svojih života. Kao nova antropološka disciplina zahtijeva promjene unutar antropološkog diskursa; promjene poimanja čovjeka kao postčovjeka i konceptualnog kiborga. A cybernetic system is a set of interconnected elements that act on each other. Such a cybernetic system can be biological, social, technical (deals with the problem of management, regulation and processing of information in technical systems). The application of such a system led to the conceptualization of cyborgs. Cyborgs are traditionally defined as a system with organic and inorganic parts of the body. In the narrowest sense of the word, cyborgs are people with machine body parts. These cyborg parts can be restorative in nature and help the body function where the organic system has failed, such as pacemakers, insulin pumps and bionic limbs, or improved technologies that improve the human body beyond its natural state. In the broadest sense, all human interactions with technology can qualify as a cyborg. Cyborg anthropology is a discipline that studies the interaction between humanity and technology from an anthropological perspective. It offers new insights into technological advances and their impact on culture and society. It primarily focuses on how people use science and technology to make them meaningful parts of their lives. As a new anthropological discipline it requires changes within anthropological discourse; changes in the notion of man as a posthuman and a conceptual cyborg.
- Published
- 2020
28. Niklas Luhmann, Observing Systems and Social Critique.
- Author
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Salem, A.
- Subjects
SOCIOLOGISTS ,TELECOMMUNICATION systems ,SOCIAL status ,SOCIAL change - Abstract
Copyright of Sociologija: Mintis ir Veiksmas is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
29. RAZUMJETI RAZGOVOR STROJEVA: HEIDEGGEROVA ONTOLOGIJA PRISUĆA NASUPROT LACANOVU ANTIHUMANIZMU.
- Author
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Peović Vuković, Katarina
- Abstract
Copyright of Holon is the property of Croatian Integral Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
30. Epistemologija psihotravme: potravmatski stres in/ali potravmatski uspeh.
- Author
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POPOVIĆ, Božidar
- Abstract
Results of several studies suggest that psychotrauma is not necessarily disabling. Most people are resistant and they can even develop as a person through trauma. Understanding and amplifying the sources of resilience and posttraumatic growth, as well as focusing on the hope and optimism, helps the professionals to awake those strengths in their patients. The intention of this article is to develop and to contribute to the sensitivity for the continuum which extends from the posttraumatic stress to the posttraumatic success - as well as to create a new language and a new understanding of trauma with which the survivors and the whole society can find new strength and more constructive patterns of support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
31. Uvod v konstruktivizem za psihoterapevte.
- Author
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DinkoŠtajduhar
- Subjects
- *
PSYCHOTHERAPISTS , *CONSTRUCTIVISM (Psychology) , *PSYCHOTHERAPY , *SOCIAL constructionism , *THEORY of knowledge , *CYBERNETICS , *OBJECTIVISM (Philosophy) , *NEUROPHYSIOLOGY , *SOCIAL epistemology - Abstract
Constructivism, which represents a radical innovation in theories of knowing, encompases all theories that hold a basic premise: a human being is a thinking subject who himself constructs his knowledge about the world and which is therefore not determined by the outer reality. The theoretical foundation of constructivism is transdisciplinary and as such is a product of interactions between related ideas from different areas of human knowledge. It is not a monolithic theory but it includes a whole spectrum of various concepts. It is relevant for psychotherapy since it can be seen as a possible basis from which we could reconstruct the objectivistic understanding of psychotherapy. This article shows the most important theoretical paradigms of constructivism, its origins in the history of ideas and the range of the various forms it takes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
32. TIJELO I TEHNOLOGIJA U POSTMODERNOJ PERSPEKTIVI.
- Author
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Brstilo, Ivana
- Subjects
DUALISM ,HUMAN body ,TECHNOLOGY ,BINARY principle (Linguistics) ,CYBERNETICS ,IMMATERIALISM (Philosophy) ,POSTMODERNISM (Philosophy) ,CYBORGS ,SIMULATION methods & models - Abstract
Copyright of Socijalna Ekologija is the property of Croatian Sociological Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2009
33. Cyber victimization among youth
- Author
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Črtalič, Tanja and Meško, Gorazd
- Subjects
kibernetski prostor ,mladostniki ,victimization ,otroci ,intervention programs ,kibernetsko nasilje ,preventivni dejavniki ,magistrska dela ,cyberbullying ,coping ,viktimizacija ,udc:343.988:[343.3/.7:004](043.2) ,kibernetsko nadlegovanje ,kibernetika - Abstract
Kibernetsko nasilje in viktimizacija med otroki in mladostniki sta pereč problem sedanjega časa, saj sta se pojavila z razvojem informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije. V primerjavi s tradicionalnim medvrstniškim nasiljem, ki je vidno, saj se dogaja predvsem v okviru šole in okolice, pa je spletno nasilje zaradi njegove virtualne značilnosti težje prepoznati. Kibernetsko nasilje zajema vrsto spletnih vedenj, s katerimi želi storilec povzročiti nelagodje ali čustveno stisko svoji tarči, kot so nadlegovanje, ustrahovanje, poniževanje, zasmehovanje, izključevanje in izsiljevanje. Po ugotovitvah tujih raziskav se spletno nasilje največkrat pojavlja v obliki zmerjanja, objavljanja neprimerne vsebine z namenom posmehovanja in širjenja lažnih govoric. Raziskave kažejo, da spletno nasilje povzroča psihične in čustvene posledice, vedenjske in psihosomatske težave, slabši učni uspeh, zlorabo alkohola in drog. Za spoprijemanje s čustveno stisko in stresom se mladi poslužujejo različnih strategij spoprijemanja, ki so čustveno ali problemsko usmerjene. Ugotovljeno je, da so najuspešnejše strategije proaktivne oziroma v nasprotju s čustvenim spoprijemanjem, ki mnogokrat še povečuje depresivne občutke, usmerjene v odpravljanje težave. Zmanjševanje dejavnikov tveganj je prva faza spopadanja s spletnim nasiljem, saj je že tu možno preprečiti, da se spletno nasilje sploh pojavi. Največja odgovornost pri zmanjševanju tveganj leži na starših in šolah, ki so dolžni s pozitivnimi vzgojnimi ukrepi, osveščanjem in izobraževanjem poskrbeti, da se bodo otroci in najstniki zavedali svojega vedenja na spletu in njegovih posledic. Tu imajo pomembno vlogo šolski intervencijski programi, pri katerih se med najpomembnejše komponente uvrščajo treningi empatije, komunikacijskih in socialnih veščin, digitalno državljanstvo ter veščine reševanja problemov. Kot ključni element preprečevanja kibernetskega nasilja so se izkazali učitelji, za katere ni nujno, da so internetni strokovnjaki, da bi se čutili kompetentne za izvajanje uspešne intervencije v spletnih incidentih. Ugotovljeno je namreč, da so najpogostejša vedenja na spletu podobna, kot se dogajajo v živo verbalne grožnje, žaljivke, socialno izključevanje in širjenje govoric, s katerimi učitelji upravljajo v okviru programov za preprečevanje nasilja v šolah. Cyberbullying and victimization among children and adolescents are a serious problem of the present time, as they have emerged with the development of information and communication technology. Compared to traditional peer violence, which is visible, as it occurs mainly within school and its surroundings, cyberbullying on the other hand is more difficult to recognize due to its virtual character. Cyberbullying encompasses a range of different online behaviours which are used by the offender to cause discomfort or emotional distress to his target, such as harassment, bullying, humiliation, ridicule, and exclusion. According to some foreign researches, cyberbullying most often occurs in the form of insulting, posting inappropriate content for the purpose of ridiculing and spreading false rumours. According to the research, cyberbullying causes psychological and emotional effects, behavioural and psychosomatic problems, poor academic performance, alcohol and drug abuse. To cope with emotional distress and stress, young people use different coping strategies that are emotion or problem-oriented. The most successful strategies have been proved to be proactive or in contrast to emotion-focused coping, which frequently exacerbates depressive symptoms which are aimed at eliminating problems. Reducing risk factors is the first stage in dealing with cyberbullying, since it is already possible to prevent cyberbullying from happening at this point. Parents and schools have the greatest responsibility in reducing the risk, and are obliged to make sure that children and teenagers are aware of their online behaviour and its consequences through positive parenting, raising awareness and other educational methods. School intervention programmes play an important role, with empathy training, communication and social interaction skills, digital citizenship and problem-solving skills which are among the most important components. Teachers who do not have to be Internet experts to feel competent to carry out successful intervention because of online incidents, have emerged as a key element in preventing cyberbullying. Namely, the most common behaviours online are similar to those occurring live verbal threats, insults, social exclusion and spread of rumours which teachers can manage through school-based violence prevention programmes.
- Published
- 2020
34. SPIRALNI PARTICIPATIVNI MODEL U SOCIJALNOM RADU S KREATIVNIM MEDIJIMA
- Author
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Klavdija Kustec
- Subjects
kreativni alati ,kibernetika ,participativno istraživanje ,grupni rad ,spiralni model ,creative medium ,cybernetics ,participatory research ,group work ,spiral model - Abstract
The subject of social work is the provision of the context in which people can solve their own – sometimes very complex – social problems in collaboration with social workers. Within social work, those who face such problems, i.e. the users of social work, are seen as “experts from experience” (Madsen, 2007; McLaughlin, 2009) – the ones that best know their own lives. In working on their problems, the users of social work as experts from experience collaborate with social workers as equals. With this in mind, my aim in this article is to present a participatory model of social work with creative media that I have developed in my practical and theoretical work in social work using creative media. I named this model the “Spiral Participatory Model of Research, Planning, Implementation and Evaluation of Creative Media”. This model is an upgrade of the so called “circular model of social and cultural activity” as developed by the researchers at Hogeschool Nijmegen in the Netherlands (Šugman Bohinc, 1994). In particular I enhanced the evaluation dimensions of this model using the theoretical concepts of the cybernetics of the first, second and third orders, group work, and methods of participatory research. I see the proposed spiral participatory model as enabling social workers, the users of their services and any other participants to work together, while using creative media, in order to create a context in which the voices of all participant parties can be heard, and which enables all participants to find their own effective solutions to their focal issues., Zadaća je socijalnog rada stvoriti uvjete u kojima ljudi u suradnji sa socijalnim radnicima mogu riješiti svoje osobne, ponekad vrlo složene, socijalne probleme. Osobe koje se suočavaju s takvim problemima, odnosno korisnici socijalnog rada, smatraju se “stručnjacima iz iskustva” (Madsen, 2007.; McLaughlin, 2009.), onima koji najbolje poznaju svoj život. Rješavajući svoje probleme, korisnici socijalnog rada kao stručnjaci iz iskustva ravnopravno surađuju sa socijalnim radnicima. S obzirom na to, cilj je ovoga rada predstaviti participativni model socijalnog rada koji uključuje kreativne alate koje sam razvila u svojem praktičnom i teorijskom radu u području socijalnog rada. Model sam nazvala “Spiralni participativni model istraživanja, planiranja, implementacije i evaluacije kreativnih alata.” On je nadogradnja tzv. “kružnog modela socijalne i kulturne aktivnosti”, koji su razvili istraživači s nizozemskog sveučilišta Hogeschool Nijmegen (Šugman Bohinc, 1994.). Osobito sam unaprijedila evaluacijsku dimenzija tog modela koristeći se teorijskim konceptima kibernetike prvog, drugog i trećeg reda, grupnim radom i metodama participativnog istraživanja. Smatram da predloženi spiralni participativni model socijalnim radnicima, korisnicima njihovih usluga i drugim sudionicima omogućuje da surađuju i uz pomoć kreativnih alata stvore uvjete u kojima se može čuti glas svih sudionika i u kojima svi sudionici mogu pronaći vlastita, djelotvorna rješenja za svoje glavne probleme.
- Published
- 2020
35. Primjena umjetne inteligencije u poslovanju
- Author
-
Šikić, Mirjana
- Subjects
komunikacija ,informacija ,tehnologija ,digitalizacija ,umjetna inteligencija ,novi mediji ,robot ,kibernetika ,kiberprostor ,kiborg - Abstract
Zahvaljujući aktivnom razvojnom procesu informacijsko komunikacijske tehnologije, dolazi do reafirmacije nekadašnjeg poimanja komunikacije kao temelja ljudskog postojanja i napretka. Digitalna tehnologija pasivne korisnike pretvara u aktivne, globalne korisnike kojima se pruža mogućnost slobodnog komuniciranja i dvosmjerne komunikacije te stvaranje sadržaja kojeg slobodno mogu uređivati. Međuljudska komunikacija prešla je na društvenu komunikaciju, pri čemu se služi novim medijima koji su klasične medije natjerali na prilagođavanje novim uvjetima. Informacije u digitalnom obliku lako se prerađuju, pohranjuju i prenose, pa je digitalizacijom dobiveno brže i lakše rukovanje podacima. Računalno posredovana komunikacija proširila se na poslovno područje, a time smo suočeni i s novim i drugačijim razumijevanjem i upravljanjem informacijama i komunikacijama. Način prikupljanja, pohrane i primjene znanja bitnih za rješavanje složenih zadataka te poučavanja mišljenja i donošenja odluka predstavljaju jedan od segmenata kod proučavanja umjetne inteligencije. U ovom radu napravljen je teorijski pregled različitih aspekata definiranja umjetne inteligencije i njezine primjene u poslovanju s osvrtom na ekonomske, sociološke i komunikacijske čimbenike. Nastoji se prikazati veličina razvoja tehnologije koja ima moć promijeniti ljudsku vrstu i svijet. S obzirom na mogućnosti digitalizacije, vrhunac izučavanja predstavlja nastojanje da se znanstvenim radom i istraživanjima pronađe način na koji bi se digitalizirao ljudski um, način na koji bi se um preselio u uređaj, te način na koji bi se tehnologija preselila u ljudska tijela. Kibernetika kao znanost o općim zakonima procesa upravljanja i komunikacije, prema Wieneru, ocu kibernetike, pruža opciju za uspostavu organiziranosti na Zemlji i suprotstavljanju vjerojatnosti smrti. S obzirom na navedeni razvoj, nemoguće je ne postaviti pitanje o tome kakva nas stvarnost očekuje u budućnosti i kakva će ona biti u odnosu na ovu koju poznamo. Odgovor na takvo pitanje autorica je nastojala opisati u zadnjem poglavlju koje prikazuje značajno drugačiju stvarnost, što nam predočava i sam naslov poglavlja „Redizajn budućnosti“.
- Published
- 2019
36. Kibernetika – što je to?
- Author
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Obradović, Dino, Sunara Kusić, Marina, and Galešić, Morena
- Subjects
TECHNICAL SCIENCES. Civil Engineering ,cybernetics ,Norbert Wiener ,kibernetika ,sistem ,upravljanje ,system ,control ,TEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Građevinarstvo - Abstract
Kibernetika kao znanstvena disciplina je novijeg nastanka, dok se sama riječ koristila još davno. Često se koristi u različitim kontekstima i relativno teško ju je jednoznačno smjestiti u neko određeno područje ljudske djelatnosti. To je i istina, zato što se osnovni principi kibernetike mogu objasniti i shvatiti samo korištenjem pojmova iz različitih grana znanosti. Ona proučava opće zakonitosti procesa upravljanja i komunikacija, neovisno o njihovoj prirodi – u živim i neživim sistemima. U radu će se prikazati nastanak pojma (odnosno znanstvene discipline) kibernetika, povijesni razvoj kibernetike, te neka područja gdje se kibernetika koristi. Cilj rada je ukratko predstaviti i objasniti kibernetiku te, barem do određene mjere, generalno olakšati razumijevanje te vrlo zanimljive, i u novije vrijeme, sve popularnije multidisciplinarne znanosti., Cybernetics, as a scientific discipline, was conceived rather recently, while the word itself has been used for a very long time. It is often used in various contexts, and it is relatively difficult to assign a single meaning to it and define a specific area of human activity which it would designate. Another reason for this is the fact that the basic principles of cybernetics can only be explained and understood by using terms from various other branches of science. It studies the general principles of control and communication systems, regardless of their nature – in both living and inanimate systems. This paper will demonstrate the origin of the term (i.e. the scientific discipline) cybernetics, the development of cybernetics through history, and some areas where cybernetics is applied. The goal of this paper is to briefly introduce and explain cybernetics, and, to a certain extent, make this very interesting and lately increasingly popular multidisciplinary science easier to understand in general.
- Published
- 2018
37. Implementacija procesnih odredbi konvencije o kibernetičkom kriminalu u ZKP-u Republike Srpske
- Author
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Dragana Vujić and Olivije Zimonja
- Subjects
Konvencija ,kibernetika ,kompjuteski kriminalitet ,implementacija - Abstract
Konvencija o kibernetičkom kriminalu potpisana je u Budimpešti 23. novembra 2001. godine i predstavlja oblik međunarodnog ugovora. Konvencija o kibernetičkom kriminalu spada u krug takozvanih okvirnih konvencija, što znači da njene odredbe nisu direktno primjenjive već je neophodno da svaka država nakon ratifikacije izvrši implementaciju ove konvencije u vlastito zakonodavstvo. Cilj ovog rada jeste da ukaže na stepen implementacije procesnih odredbi koje predlaže Konvencija o kibernetičkom kriminalu u Zakonu o krivičnom postupku Republike Srpske, te da se ukaže na načine njihove primjene a sve u cilju unapređenja postupaka koji se sprovode prilikom dokazivanja krivičnih djela kompjuterskog kriminala.
- Published
- 2018
38. Cyber Harassment and Fear
- Author
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Petrič, Aleksander and Meško, Gorazd
- Subjects
kibernetski prostor ,Internet ,research ,diplomske naloge ,cybercrime ,kibernetsko nadlegovanje ,strah pred kriminaliteto ,udc:343.9:[343.3/.7:004](043.2) ,kibernetika ,cyberbullying - Abstract
V diplomskem delu smo obravnavali sodobno obliko kriminalitete, ki se vse pogosteje pojavlja v svetu in tudi pri nas. Govorimo o kibernetski kriminaliteti, ki se je začela razvijati skupaj z razvojem informacijsko komunikacijskih tehnologij in vedno lažjim dostopom do interneta. V prvem delu diplomskega dela smo najprej razjasnili pojme ter podrobneje predstavili osrednjo temo dela - kibernetsko nadlegovanje, zalezovanje in ustrahovanje ter njihov razvoj in razsežnosti. V nadaljevanju smo še kratko predstavili, kako lahko kibernetsko kriminaliteto preprečimo oziroma se pred njo zavarujemo. V zadnjem delu teoretičnega dela diplomskega dela smo predstavili še strah pred kibernetsko kriminaliteto, ki smo ga kasneje tudi obravnavali v lastni raziskavi. Empirični del diplomskega dela je obravnaval prisotnost in rast kibernetske kriminalitete ter strah pred kibernetsko kriminaliteto in njegove posledice. V delu smo preverjali hipoteze s pomočjo preučene literature ter raziskav tujih in domačih avtorjev kot tudi lastne raziskave, ki smo jo izvedli med uporabniki družbenega omrežja Facebook. Ugotovili smo, da stopnja kibernetske kriminalitete tako v svetu kot tudi v Sloveniji raste, vendar pa le-ta ves čas spreminja svoje oblike. Prav tako smo ugotovili, da se v svetu stopnja uporabe kibernetskega prostora zaradi strahu pred kibernetsko kriminaliteto zmanjšuje, vendar pa tega na podlagi lastne raziskave za Slovenijo ne moremo trditi. Poleg tega smo v delu ugotovili, da je ključnega pomena za zavarovanje pred kibernetsko kriminaliteto v ozaveščanju posameznikov pred nevarnostmi, ki jih prinaša kibernetski prostor in kako se pred nevarnostmi zavarovati, da ne bi prišlo do nepotrebnih problemov, ki lahko povzročijo tako materialne kot tudi duševne posledice. In the diploma thesis we dealt with a contemporary form of crime, which is increasingly occurring in the world and also in our country. We are talking about cybercrime, which began to develop together with the development of information-communication technologies and the easier access to the Internet. In the first part of the thesis, we first clarified concepts and presented in more detail the central topic of work, cyberbullying, stalking and bullying, and its development and dimensions. In the following, we briefly presented how cybercrime can be prevented or protected against it. In the final part of the theoretical part of the thesis, we presented the fear of cybercrime, which is the main topic of our own research. The empirical part of the thesis dealt with the presence and growth of cybercrime and the fear of cybercrime and its consequences. In our work, we examined the hypotheses with the help of studied literature, research by foreign and domestic authors, and our own research carried out by users of the social network Facebook. We have found that the level of cybercrime in the world as well as in Slovenia is growing, but it is constantly changing its forms. We also found that in the world the level of use of the cyber space due to fear of cybercrime is decreasing, but, on the basis of our own research, this can not be claimed for Slovenia. In addition, we found in our work that it is crucial to protect against cybercrime by raising awareness of individuals against the dangers posed by the cyber space and how to protect themselves from dangers so as not to cause unnecessary problems that can cause material as well as mental consequences.
- Published
- 2017
39. VIABLE REGION – RESULT OF INNOVATION PROCESS APPLYING THE DIALECTICAL SYSTEMS THEORY AND CYBERNETICS OF BUSINESS SYSTEMS
- Author
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Potočnik, Amna and Mulej, Matjaž
- Subjects
dialectical systems theory ,inoviranje ,cybernetics ,regije ,Slovenia ,innovativeness ,regionalni razvoj ,management cybernetics ,social responsibility ,udc:332.1 ,regional development ,dialektična teorija sistemov ,poslovna kibernetika ,inovativnost ,innovation ,strateški management ,model viabilnega sistema ,viable system model ,strategic management ,regions ,kibernetika managementa ,Slovenija ,družbena odgovornost ,business cybernetics ,kibernetika - Abstract
Raziskava metodološko in vsebinsko povezuje v novo sinergijo spoznanja iz dialektične teorije sistemov, poslovne kibernetike in strateškega managementa saj z med-strokovnim ustvarjalnim sodelovanjem lahko ustvarimo miselne konstrukte, ki tvorijo v sinergiji novost, ki je ni moč reducirati zgolj na eno izmed navedenih področij znanosti. S to sinergijo smo iskali odgovore na vprašanja regionalnega razvoja, ker jih z utečenimi geografsko-ekonomskimi instrumenti ni moč razviti, saj le-ti niso zadostno celoviti. Posegli smo tudi na področje pokrajinizacije, kjer politična ekonomija prav tako nima zadostno celovitih odgovorov na vprašanje – koliko in kakšne pokrajine naj npr. Slovenija vzpostavi, če sploh. Obstoječa gradiva o tem nakazujejo osnovno problematiko, ki (kot vidimo) onemogoča vzpostavitev pokrajin, predvsem zaradi ukvarjanja z zatečenim stanjem, tj. delitvijo pristojnosti med državo – regijo – lokalnimi skupnostmi. Potreben je odmik od ustaljene politične in ekonomske teorije opredeljevanja in razumevanja pokrajin k sinergiji, za katero so nam služile navedene tri znanosti, da smo raziskovali in predlagali model regije – organizacije, ki bo sposobna preživeti na daljši rok v zapletenih razmerah. Bo torej viabilna, ker povezuje v novo sinergijo spoznanja iz njih v praksi z ustvarjalnim interdisciplinarnim sodelovanjem občanov regije in njihovih partnerjev od drugod. Takšna regija ima izoblikovano identiteto, opredeljeno z namenom, ki se izkristalizira v procesu sodelovanja regionalnih prebivalcev. Regionalna identiteta ni tavtološka in je ne zmorejo določiti državni uradniki, saj nastaja v nenehni interakciji in se, ob upoštevanju zadostne in potrebne celovitosti in raznolikosti, nenehno spreminja v novo danost. Regionalizacija je proces, tako samega oblikovanja regije kot njenega nenehnega spreminjanja, da bi se izognila entropiji. Sodobna IKT omogoča sodelovanje velikega števila prebivalcev, vsaj tistih, ki so računalniško pismeni, zato odločitve niso posledica vehementnosti oblastnikov, niti državnih niti regionalnih, temveč proces nenehnega tehtanja in izbire v njem lahko uporabimo metode medsebojnega interdisciplinarnega ustvarjalnega sodelovanja, npr. USOMID in TS. Namen regije, ki naj bo viabilna, je, da ustvarja pogoje viabilnosti osnovnih elementov, tj. posameznikov, ki so rekurzivni in iterirajoči elementi njene kohezivnosti. Prebivalci potrebujejo za svojo viabilnost, in sicer zaradi fizičnih omejitev eksistence, vodo, hrano, zrak in ne nazadnje avtonomijo oziroma svobodo izbire, ob predpostavki, da so sposobni razlikovati in se odločati. Razvoj, prilagajanje in samoučenje v primeru človeške – lahko jo imenujemo tudi regionalne – populacije, nikoli ne poteka neodvisno, izolirano, hermetično zaprto. Regija kot mreža medsebojno soodvisnih prebivalcev ni namenjena diktiranju posameznikove sreče ali dobrega počutja, temveč zagotavljanju osnovnih bivanjskih pogojev, na podlagi katerih lahko posameznik določa lastno identiteto oziroma namen, ki ga v življenju zasleduje in ga posledično kot del subjektivne realnosti tudi nenehno izračunava. Namesto regionalnega (birokratsko-delegatskega) aparata zato predlagamo zgolj izmed prebivalcev (v skladu s strokovnimi merili in sposobnostjo) izbrane managerje, ki so usmerjevalci regionalnih procesov, njihovi spremljevalci (v skladu z opredeljenimi razvojnimi kazalniki). V regionalni mreži odločajo prebivalci, model je participativen in hkrati takšen, da izkazuje dvojno povratno zanko (cilj je seveda negativna povratna zanka, ki stabilizira, razen ko si v skupnosti zaželimo revolucionarnih sprememb), znotraj viabilnega posameznika in njegove interakcije z okoljem. Načela njihovega sodelovanja in povezovanja, če naj bo le-to vzdržno na dolgi rok, morajo temeljiti na družbeni odgovornosti. Družbena odgovornost pomeni osebno odgovornost do družbe, ki se vedno kaže skozi posameznikove odločitve z zavezo spoštovati trajnostni razvoj in VKEN. The present research, both in terms of methods and content, links into a new synergy the knowledge of the Dialectical Systems Theory, Business Cybernetics and Strategic Management, backed by the Viable Systems Model only in interdisciplinary creative cooperation the mental constructs can be generated as a synergetic novelty - not reducible to any of the mentioned sciences alone. These were the basis to the quest for a regional development for which the answers are not feasible with the established geographic and economic instruments since they are not requisitely holistic. The regionalisation for which the political economy has no requisitely holistic answers – how many and what kind of regions Slovenia should establish if any, is part of the research. The existing regionalisation materials of Slovenia reveal the basic problems that hinder the establishment of regions, mostly due to the coping with the existing situation, notably the division of powers between the state – region – local community. Distancing from the established political and economic theory of defining and understanding the regions enables the new synergy, for which the previous mentioned three scientific areas are used. Our research was focused on the novel model of the region as an organisation capable of long-term survival in complicated and complex conditions. The identity of such a region is defined by the purpose that results from cooperation of regional inhabitants. Regional identity is not tautological and cannot be defined by the state clerks or officials it is created in the constant interaction of its people to make the new reality in line with their holistic requirements, therefore requisitely holistic. Regionalisation is the process of creating and constant changing the region so that its entropy is avoided. The modern ICT enables the cooperation of many inhabitants, at least the computer literate ones therefore the decisions are no acts of the vehement rulers, neither the state nor the regional ones, but of the process of constant consideration and selection in which the methods of interdisciplinary creative cooperation, e.g. USOMID or TS are used to make a viable region creating its framework conditions in which its constitutive elements - its inhabitants become viable. They are recursive and iterrary elements of their regional cohesiveness. The viability of inhabitants, due to the physical existence requirements, is conditioned with water, food, air and their autonomy - their freedom to choose, provided they could distinguish and decide. Development, alignment and self-learning in the case of humanity – including the regional population, are never independent, isolated or hermetically closed. The purpose of the region as a network of regional inhabitants is not to dictate the personal happiness or well-being, but to ensure the basic existential conditions in which the individuals can define their identity, their life’s purposes that are, as parts of subjective reality, constantly computed. Instead of a regional (burocratic - delegational) apparatus the management team is proposed that is selected from and by the inhabitants (according to their knowing and capabilities) to steer and monitor the regional processes (vis a vis development index). In their regional network the inhabitants decide their model is participative and reveals the double feedback loop (one targets the negative feedback loop that stabilises, except when evolutionary changes are required). It includes the viable individuals and their interactions with their environment. The principles of their cooperation are based on the social responsibility that is foremost personal responsibility to the society and revealed through the decisions of individuals towards the sustainable development and value-culture-ethic-norms of social responsibility.
- Published
- 2016
40. CHANGES IN CYBERSECURITY SINCE 9/11
- Author
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Sansoni, René and Bernik, Igor
- Subjects
kibernetski prostor ,cyber security ,cyberspace ,Cyber changes ,government agencies ,udc:004.056(043.2) ,diplomske naloge ,informacijska varnost ,11. september ,kibernetika ,cyber warfare ,nadzorovanje - Abstract
Spremembe, ki so vplivale na kibernetski prostor po 11. septembru 2001 so močno zamajale svet. Svoboda govora je nadzorovana in upravičuje se jo s tem, da je nadzor nujen zaradi večje varnosti pred novimi terorističnimi napadi. Vendar kibernetska kriminaliteta se povečuje že od dne, ko smo se spustili v dobo razvitega računalništva, najbolj ranljiv del te enačbe pa je posameznik. Za zagotavljanje najvišje varnosti, tajne vladne organizacije širom sveta uporabljajo najbolj sofisticirana orodja za beleženje, obdelovanje in analiziranje podatkov. Svet se posledično spreminja v veliko nadzorovano sfero, kjer nič razen misli ne ostane skrito. Kibernetski prostor bo vedno bolj v ospredju saj je dostopen skoraj vsem. V njem se bo tako v prihodnje kibernetsko bojevanje le še stopnjevalo, večje spremembe v varnosti pa se zgodijo šele takrat, ko pride do resne škode, na žalost posledice v večini primerov občutijo nedolžni ljudje. Glede na nič kaj mirno prihodnost, sodeč na čase, ki jih živimo, lahko pričakujemo le še razvoj novih oblik varnosti, te se bodo sočasno z novimi grožnjami le še dodatno razvile in okrepile. Kakšne bodo te nove oblike nadzora, ki se bodo sklicevale na varnost? Kako daleč smo pripravljeni iti in kaj se bo zgodilo, če se bo nekoč pojavil nekdo, ki bi želel pri taki absolutni kontroli, izkoristiti vse to sebi v prid. Ves svet bi se moral zavedati pomena varnosti v kibernetskem prostoru in vsak posameznik bi moral na temu področju poskrbeti zase na najboljši možni način kar se da, puščanje odprtih vrat čez noč so bila včasih primarna skrb ljudi. Kaj pa neodgovorno vedenje in pomanjkanje varovanja lastnih podatkov v dobi napredne telekomunikacijske infrastrukture? Ne moremo vedeti kje kdo preži na nas z namenom, da nas oškoduje ali obvaruje. Vse to je zelo povezano in hodimo po tanki liniji, ki ločuje pravičnost od nepoštenja, seveda pa kot je zgodovina pokazala, včasih še najbolj zaupanja vredni svetovni voditelji prestopijo mejo. Changes in cybersecurity since 9/11 have shaken the world. The freedom of speach is constantly being monitored and is justified with greater security as a response to prevent new possible terrorist attacks. However cybercrime is increasing ever since we've entered into developed computer era and the most voulnabre part of this equation is individual themselves. Secret government agencies are using the most sophisticated tools for insuring the highest level of security, by data minning and analyzing the gathered informations from almost each and everyone of us. The world is turning into a huge monitored sphere where nothing except thoughts remain hidden. Cyberspace remains the main topic because it is also available to almost everyone. In it, there might be to expect that according to the so far known doings, cyber warfe and also cyber security could continually enhance, since changes mostly happen when serious events occour. Usually things end up with a significant numbers of innocents killed before anything is done to prevent such happenings. According to the developments of new departments for anti cyber terorrism and cyber attacks, it is to assume there will be even more intrusions in the cyber space because even the humankind is getting more developed in technology each year. There we need to question ourselves, what other monitoring tools will be developed in the name of security? How far are we willing to go and if or who would want to use such advantage for achieving their own goal. The entire world should know the meaning of security in cyberspace and each individual should take care of themselves at best possible way, leaving the door open during the night was once our primary concern. What about irresposible acts and lack of providing sufficient security of our personal data in the era of advanced telecommunication infrastructure? All of this is binded together and we are walking on a thin line which divides justice from unfairness. Of course, as history has shown so far, sometimes even the most trustworthy government officials have crossed the line.
- Published
- 2016
41. Kibernetsko nasilje
- Author
-
Dončev, Aleksandar and Meško, Gorazd
- Subjects
kibernetski prostor ,cyberspace ,Internet violence ,ustrahovanje ,zalezovanje ,kibernetsko nasilje ,cyber violence ,udc:343.3/.7:004(043.2) ,cyberbullying ,cyber crime ,spletno nasilje ,diplomske naloge ,preprečevanje ,nadlegovanje ,internet ,kibernetika - Abstract
Kibernetsko nasilje je danes vse pogostejše, ne le med mladostniki temveč tudi med odraslimi in starostniki. Razlog tiči v razvoju informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije in v dejstvu, da ima vsak posameznik mobilni telefon, prenosni ali tablični računalnik ter dostop do medmrežja (interneta). Vsak posameznik ima prav tako elektronski naslov in profil na katerem od socialnih omrežij (Facebook, Twitter, Google+ itn.). Težava pa nastopi pri našem znanju o varnosti in zaščiti na medmrežju. Nekateri so na socialnih omrežjih aktivnejši in pogosteje objavljajo svoje osebne podatke, fotografije in druge stvari iz zasebnega življenja. Kibernetski kriminalci imajo takšne posameznike najraje, saj lahko z malo truda vdrejo v njihovo e-pošto ali socialno omrežje in jih začnejo nadlegovati, prav tako pa lahko z njihovega profila nadlegujejo tudi druge. V diplomskem delu bo predstavljeno področje kibernetskega nasilja. Opredeljeno bo tudi, kaj sta kibernetski prostor in kibernetski kriminal, saj si brez tega ne moremo predstavljati, kje kibernetsko nasilje poteka. V diplomskem delu bo kot osrednji in glavni del diplomskega dela predstavljeno kibernetsko nasilje, ki je sestavljeno iz več različnih vrst nasilja. Največji poudarek bo predvsem na kibernetskem ustrahovanju, nadlegovanju in zalezovanju. Kibernetsko ustrahovanje, nadlegovanje in zalezovanje so namreč najpogostejše oblike kibernetskega nasilja, ki se pojavlja se tako med otroci in mladostniki kot tudi med odraslimi. Za boljše razumevanje opisanega problema so v zaključku potrjene ali ovržene zastavljene hipoteze ter podane zaključne misli in sklepi o pridobljenih ugotovitvah v diplomskem delu. Nowadays, cyber crime is more and more common, not only among teenagers, but also among adults and elderly people. The reason for this is the fact that information-communication technology is evolving, and every individual owns a mobile phone, a lap-top, a tablet, and has Internet access. Every individual has their own e-mail account and a profile on social media networks (Facebook, Twitter, Google+, etc.). The problem occurs with our knowledge of the security and protection on the Internet. Some are more active on social media and post their personal data, photos and other stuff from personal life more frequently. Cyber criminals prefer these individuals since it is easier to break into their e-mails and profiles on social networks, and harass them or others from their profile. This dissertation focuses on the field of cyber violence. The definition of cyber space and cyber crime will be provided since without it we could not imagine where cyber crime takes place. Cyber violence, including different styles of violence, will be presented as the primary and the main part of the dissertation. The main emphasis will be placed on cyber intimidation, harassment and stalking. Cyber intimidation, harassment and stalking are the most frequent forms of cyber violence, and they appear among children and teenagers as well as adults. To better understand the described problem, in the end, hypotheses will be confirmed or denied, and final thoughts and conclusions about the gathered findings in the dissertation will be presented.
- Published
- 2015
42. Uporaba hipnoze v socialnem delu
- Author
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Jagrič, Ana and Šugman Bohinc, Lea
- Subjects
nezavedno ,indukcija ,udc:159.95 ,sugestije ,kibernetika ,zavestno - Published
- 2015
43. Hermenevtika zaposlitvenega svetovalnega procesa
- Author
-
Muraus, Suzana and Šugman Bohinc, Lea
- Subjects
udc:331.56:366.61 ,brezposelnost ,hermenevtika ,zaposlitvena rehabilitacija ,sinergetika ,študije primera ,kibernetika ,svetovanje - Published
- 2015
44. Izvirni delovni projekt pomoči
- Author
-
Kocjančič, Suzana and Šugman Bohinc, Lea
- Subjects
socialni delavci in delavke ,študija primera ,socialno delo ,sinergetika ,epistemologija ,kibernetika ,refleksija ,udc:36:165 - Published
- 2015
45. 'Hoarding' oziroma kopičenje in socialno delo
- Author
-
Jeznik, Polona and Šugman Bohinc, Lea
- Subjects
hoarding ,udc:616.89:36 ,svetovalni razgovori ,socialno delo ,sinergetika ,kibernetika ,kopičenje - Published
- 2015
46. Virtualna i proširena stvarnost i pitanje identiteta u virtualnim svjetovima
- Author
-
Stanić, Danijel
- Subjects
virtualni svijet/virtualne zajednice ,kibernetika ,kiberprostor ,identitet ,internetski avatari - Abstract
U radu se istražuju tehnologije koje ne mijenjaju ljudsko tijelo kao takvo, ali mu dopuštaju da bude trancendirano. Te su tehnologije poznate kao kiberprostor, tj. preko kiberprostora način na koji se predstavlja tjelesnost postaje sve raznolikiji i fleksibilniji. Autor iznosi najprije i definicije pojma kibernetika, kroz tri razdoblja: prvo razdoblje – koncept homeostaze, drugo – refleksivnosti, i treće – virtualnosti. Što se tiče prostora: mjesto i identitet su neodvojivo povezani. Očekivanje ljudi u odnosu na prostor se mijenjalo ; širio se pojam bezmjesnosti, s reakcijom: prvo povratak u prirodu, drugo ulazak u kiberprostor. Početno tumačenje kiberprostora opisalo ga je kao proširenje telefonskih sustav ; slijedilo je tumačenje da se radi o virtualnoj stvarnosti, i zatim o konsenzualnoj halucinaciji. Preko kiberprostora, ljudi konstruiraju i rekonstruiraju svoje identitete, koristeći osobna računala. No virtualna stvarnost, osim za svrhe znanosti i za računalne igre, pojavila se kao medij za interaktivnu umjetnost, što se odnosi i na teorije o formiranju identiteta. Veliki dio internetskog kiberprostora su internetski forumi i pričaonice (eng. chat). U odnosu na pojam avatara, zanimljivo je da neki svoje avatare (online, tj. internetske osobe, engl. personae) shvaćaju kao zasebna bića koja se ponašaju kao što se oni sami ponašaju u stvarnom životu, a neki ih shvaćaju kao zasebna bića koja se ponašaju drukčije nego što se oni ponašaju u stvarnom životu. S tim u vezi, zamjena roda u virtualnom svijetu može biti iskustvo iz prve ruke, prema kojemu se može donijeti zaključke o ulozi roda u ljudskoj interakciji. Virtualne zajednice postaju slične nacijama i procesima identificiranja populacije s određenom nacijom. I ako je tehnoznanstveni sustav novi oblik religije, onda bi pisci znanstvene fantastike bili proroci te religije. Inače, pojam kiborg ne odnosi se samo na mogućnosti koje se nalaze na stranicama "cyberpunk"-a i znanstveno- fantastičnih priča. Za svijet izgrađen pomoću računalnih simulacija i "cyberpunk" literature, kibernetički prostor predstavlja raj, a ljudsko tijelo pakao. Na kraju rada, autor zaključuje da predviđanje razvoja tehnologije u budućnosti je vrlo težak poduhvat. Virtualna stvarnost se tako nije pojavila niodkuda, te je zaluđenost njome postojala i krajem osamdesetih godina, ali ona nikada nije ispunila očekivanja i zaživjela.
- Published
- 2015
47. IVAN ŠAH (1824, Vaclavice – 1904, Zagreb ) : vrsni prirodoznanstveni edukator / preteča kasnijih kibernetičara !?
- Author
-
Pavlović, Eduard, Vučić Peitl, Marija, Radovančević, Ljubomir, Pavlović, Alojz, and Mustić, Daria
- Subjects
Ivan Šah ,prirodoznanstvena edukacija ,novovjeki izumi ,XIX. st ,kibernetika - Abstract
Ivan Šah se rodio godine 1824. u češkom mjestu Vaclavice , Filozofski fakultet završio u Pragu, radio kao gimnazijski profesor ( 1849. – 1853. ). Godine 1853. je postavljen za suplenta u K. u. K. Militar-Granz-Obergymnasium u Senju za predmete fizika, matematika i prirodopis. Već je u sklopu svog prvog godišnjeg izvješća objavio rad o magnetizmu, gdje opisuje psihička svojstva, hipnozu i telepatiju kod ljudi i životinja. Četiri godine kasnije tj. u sklopu izvještaju za školsku godinu 1857/1858. prilaže svoju raspravu o odnosu matematike prema prirodoslovlju i filozofiji. Godine 1859. prelazi u Zagreb na Uzornu gradsku školu ( vježbaonica Učiteljske škole ), objavljuje niz pedagoških rasprava – uglavnom iz područja prirodoslovlja / na primjer u sklopu izvješća ove škole za godinu 1867/1868. objavljuje članak o prirodoznanstvu u pučkim školama. Godine 1875. postaje ravnatelj navedene škole. Kao 1. knjigu svoje zbirke o novovjekim izumima Matica hrvatska mu godine 1882. objavljuje knjigu Novovjeki izumi ( uvod napisao Mijo Kišpatić, profesor mineralogije i petrografije na Sveučilištu u Zagrebu ). U toj knjizi Ivan Šah ističe dobrobiti koje je čovjeku donio tehnički napredak, ukazuje na ovisnost čovjekova napretka o prirodi ( kao sili koja je najviše utjecala na čovjeka ), opisuje stanje znanosti o magnetizmu i elektricitetu ( munjini / munjovodu i električnoj rasvjeti ) te o brzojavu i brzoglasu ( telegrafu i telefonu ) kao i o zrakoplovu, parostroju i parobrodu odnosno lokomotivi itd. Za napomenuti je da je ova knjiga ( izgleda ) za MH u započinjanju nove ( navedene ) serije imala veće značenje nego ona koja je slijedila slijedeće godine, a koju su objavili Bogoslav Šulek, Mijo Kišpatić i vrlo aktivni prirodoslovac –amater Ljudevit Rossi. I danas nakon više od 130 godina diviti se je Šahovoj knjizi Novovjeki izumi u znanosti, obrtu i umjetnosti jer napisati tako nešto u to vrijeme u jednoj tehnički nerazvijenoj sredini, u sredini bez izgrađene terminologije značilo je izvanredan stručni i znanstveni napor – napor ravan onome koji su ulagali prvi kibernetičari 60 godina kasnije / jasno ako pojmimo da je i jedan od ciljeva kibernetike da se pojave u prirodi izraze sredstvima tehnike, a da se pri tom ( i nanovo ) istakne važnost odnosa : okolina – podatak – informacija – znanje.
- Published
- 2015
48. Razumjeti razgovor strojeva. Heideggerova ontologija prisuća nasuprot Lacanovu anti- humanizmu
- Author
-
Peović Vuković, Katarina
- Subjects
AI ,Heidegger ,kibernetika ,Lacan ,simptom ,teorija komunikacije - Abstract
Rad kreće od pitanja strojne inteligencije, kibernetičkog problema, koji je usko vezan uz pitanja subjektivnosti, ljudske inteligencije i konstitucije ljudske komunikacije. Na primjeru programa umjetnih konverzatora, kao i (filmskih) reprezentacija tih programa preispituju se sličnosti i razlike, te njihova veza sa subjektivitetom u najširem smislu. Obrćući tezu o instrumentalizaciji subjekta posredstvom kibernetičkog okvira koji se, kako je to tvrdio Martin Heidegger, postavlja kao paradigmatski okvir modernih znanosti, rad upućuje na najužu vezu subjekta i mehaničkog ili digitalnog kvazi- inteligentnog stroja. Teorijski okvir rada čini primijenjena psihoanaliza Jacquesa Lacana, koja je u mogućnosti ukazati na manjkavosti razumijevanja komunikacije kao prenošenja informacija. Takva će se kritika ukazati plodnom ne samo za razumijevanje komunikacije i razlike između strojnog i ljudskog, već i za ukazivanje na probleme politike identiteta. Lacanov anti- humanizam i etike separacije ukazuju se tako kao alati suvremene kritike političke ekonomije.
- Published
- 2015
49. Sustav i informacija
- Author
-
Krelja Kurelović, Elena
- Subjects
sustav ,informacija ,etropija ,komunikacija ,teorija sustava ,kibernetika ,upravljanje ,teorija informacija - Abstract
Knjiga obuhvaća sadržaj istoimenog kolegija pri Veleučilištu u Rijeci, te je prvenstveno namijenjena kao veleučilišni udžbenik. Na početku se objašnjavaju osnovni pojmovi informacijske znanosti, opisuju njihova svojstva i međusobni odnosi. Riječ je o sljedećim pojmovima: sustav, informacija, entropija i komunikacija. Potom se dublje ulazi u upoznavanje osnovnih postavki Opće teorije sustava i sistemskog pristupa, te se govori o mehanizmima upravljanja sustavima čime se bavi kibernetika. Pošto je razmjena informacija jedna od svakodnevnih čovjekovih aktivnosti, prikazuje se razvojni put različitih sustava informiranja i komuniciranja. Temelje razvoja današnjih sustava informiranja i komuniciranja postavio je C. Shannon kroz teoriju informacije, čime se također bavi ova knjiga. Dva poglavlja knjige sadrže pitanja za ponavljanje, a na mnogim mjestima predlažu se dodatni zadaci i aktivnosti za studente.
- Published
- 2014
50. Zagonetka nadolazećega događaja. Između vjere i tehno-znanosti (Heidegger i Deleuze)
- Author
-
Žarko Paić
- Subjects
nadolazeći događaj ,kibernetika ,tehno-znanosti ,filozofija ,teologija ,Heidegger ,Deleuze ,Upcoming event ,cybernetics ,techno-science ,philosophy ,theology ,Hei- degger - Abstract
U članku se tematizira problem trijumfa tehno-znanosti u stvaranju umjetne inteligencije i umjetnoga života spram mišljenja suvremene filozofije. Autor pokazuje kako je tzv. svjetonazorni spor između »uma« i »vjere« u suočenju s pitanjem o ljudskoj egzisten- ciji u formi kibernetičkih sustava kaosa i kontrole ispod razine mišljenja primjerenoga suvremenosti. U ekstenzivnoj analizi mišljenja Heideggera i Deleuzea kao paradigmat- skih filozofa za pitanje o sudbini metafizike danas naglašava se da razlika između kraja metafizike u kibernetici i mišljenja razlike u otvorenosti nadolazećega događaja pred- stavlja korak u ono jedino nužno – pitanje o mogućnostima druge i drukčije povijesti. Naspram moći tehno-znanstvene logike preobrazbe svijeta u računanje, planiranje i kon- strukciju filozofija i teologija izvan tradicionalne metafizike moraju se suočiti sa svojim nepropitanim izvorima. Tehničko vrijeme porobljava autentičnu egzistenciju čovjeka i zatvara prostor svetoga za nadolazeći događaj. Umjesto anakronih pristupa tzv. borbe svjetonazora (teizam vs. ateizam) kao ideologijskih borba za moć diskurzivnoga vlada- nja danas potrebno je stvoriti pretpostavke za približavanje u susretu između »uma« i »vjere« s onu stranu svođenja filozofije i teologije na »pozitivne« znanosti modernoga doba. Nadolazeći događaj nadilazi vulgarnu aktualnost vremena kao i budućnost u znaku tehničke konstrukcije. To je temeljno pitanje o smislu života danas u preostalome vremenu totalne tehnifikacije metafizičkoga sklopa bitka-Boga-svijeta-čovjeka., The paper explores a problem of triumph of modern techno-science in the creation of artificial intelligence and artificial life in relation to contemporary philosophy. The author shows how worldview dispute between »mind« and »faith« is confronted with the question of human existence in the form of cybernetic system of chaos and control and therein the dispute reveals the inadequacy of both sides in relation to the contemporary thought. In an extensive analysis of the thought of two paradigmatic philosophers concerning the question of the fate of metaphysics today, Heidegger’s and Deleuze, it has been emphasized that the difference between the end of metaphysics in cybernetics and ontology of the differences in the openness of the upcoming event represents one step further towards what is necessary – to other possibilities of other and different history. Against the power of techno-scientific logic of transforming the world in computing, planning and constructing, philosophy and theology have to confront their unexamined sources beyond traditional metaphysics. Technical time enslaves authentic human existence and closes the place of the sacred to an upcoming event. Instead of an obsolete approach of so-called worldview dispute (theism vs. atheism), as an ideological struggle for discursive power of ruling today, it is necessary to create the conditions for convergence in the encounter between »mind« and »faith«, beyond the reduction of philosophy and theology to the level of »positive« sciences of the modern age. The concept of an upcoming event transcends the vulgar actuality of time as well as future under the sign of the technical construction. It is a fundamental question about the meaning of life today in the time that remains in total technicisation of metaphysical set Being-God-World-Human Being.
- Published
- 2014
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