Search

Avtistična motnja je motnja komunikacije, socialne interakcije in imaginacije, ki pomembno vpliva na vse ravni in področja življenja. Magistrska naloga preučuje poklicno izobraževanje dijakov z avtistično motnjo vključenih v Zavod za gluhe in naglušne Ljubljana (v nadaljevanju ZGNL). Glavni cilj raziskave je bil preučiti izvajanje odprtega kurikula (v nadaljevanju ODK) v programih poklicnega izobraževanja v rednih poklicnih šolah in ZGNL ter na podlagi študije primera predlagati prilagoditve in ustrezne načine izvajanja poklicnih programov za dijake z avtistično motnjo (v nadaljevanju AM). V ta namen sem analiziral priporočila in dejanske vsebine ODK v rednih šolah poklicnega izobraževanja. Preučil sem izvajanje prilagojenih vsebin ODK v ZGNL in poglobljeno raziskal ključne razlike med izvajanjem ODK v ZGNL in izvajanjem ODK v rednih šolah poklicnega izobraževanja. Rešitve dobre prakse sem iskal v tujini. Analiziral sem raziskave, opravljene v številnih evropskih državah, ki se ukvarjajo z izobraževanjem dijakov z AM. S primerjavo sem raziskal, kakšna so priporočila iz tujine glede izvajanja prilagojenih vsebin za dijake z AM, kako izvajanje prilagojenih vsebin ODK vpliva na dijake z AM v ZGNL in na koncu, ali je možno izoblikovati model poskusnega izvajanja vsebin ODK, ki bi se lahko uporabljal za večino dijakov z AM? Na koncu sem izvedel študijo primera na dijaku z AM, ki je bil vključen v nov modul ODK Priprava na življenje. Modul vključuje komunikacijo, socializacijo, še najbolj pa je namenjen iskanju poklicnih interesov in močnih področij posameznega dijaka z AM. Glavni cilj je bil, da bi z izvajanjem ur Priprava na življenje (v nadaljevanju PNŽ) spoznal spekter dijakovih avtističnih motenj, težav, reakcij, mišljenja, zanimanj in predvsem močnih področij, z namenom pravilne usmeritve v ustrezen poklicni program. Najprej sem spoznaval dijakove specifične lastnosti, reakcije, težave v načinu mišljenja, stopnji socializacije in komunikacije. V nadaljevanju sem dijaka preizkušal na več področjih splošne socializacije in komunikacije. Izpostavil sem ga nepričakovanim situacijam izven šole. V zadnjem delu sem dijaka intenzivno preizkušal na vseh močnih področjih. Izvajanje sem iz razreda preselil v prirejene delavnice. V treh letih intenzivnega ukvarjanja z dijakom z AM sem dodobra spoznal precej njegovih motenj, močnih in šibkih področij. Spoznal sem ga do te mere, da sem znal predvideti njegove reakcije. Na koncu sem spoznal tudi močna področja končni rezultat je bil preusmeritev v zanj primernejši poklicni program. Ponujeni odgovori so potrdili domnevo, da se lahko oblikuje poseben program, prilagojen dijakom z avtistično motnjo, vseeno pa moramo upoštevati dejstvo, da generalizacija vseh prilagoditev in posebnih vsebin izvajanja ODK zaradi heterogenosti dijakov z AM ni možna. Analize in rezultati študije primera nam ponujajo dobra izhodišča za nadaljnje raziskovanje. Autistic disorder is a disorder of communication, social interaction and imagination which considerably influences all the levels and areas of living. This master's thesis will explore vocational education of students with autistic disorder (henceforth, students with AD) attending Zavod za gluhe in naglušne Ljubljana (henceforth, ZGNL). The main goal of this research was to examine the implementation of the open curriculum (henceforth, OC) in vocational education programmes in mainstream vocational schools and in ZGNL, and on the basis of this study propose customizations and adequate ways of implementing vocational programmes for students with AD. For this purpose, I analysed the guidelines and the actual content of OC in mainstream vocational schools. I studied the implementation of the customized content of OC in ZGNL and conducted in-depth research into the key differences between the implementation of OC in ZGNL and the implementation of OC in mainstream vocational schools. I also looked for solutions in examples of good practice in other countries. I analysed the research performed in numerous European countries, dealing with the education of students with AD. I undertook comparative research of the guidelines from other countries regarding the implementation of customized content for students with AD, research into how the implementation of customized content of OC influences students with AD in ZGNL, and finally, research into whether it is possible to design a model of trial implementation of OC content which could be used for the majority of students with AD. In the end, I did a case study of a student with AD who was included in a new OC module called Priprava na življenje (Getting Ready for Life, henceforth, GRL). The module includes communication, socialization, and it is primarily geared towards finding vocational interests and the strong areas of the individual student with AD. The main goal was to determine the spectrum of the student's autistic disorder, issues, problems, reactions, way of thinking, interests, and above all, strong areas through the implementation of GRL lessons for the purpose of correct placement into a suitable vocational programme. At first I learned about the student's specific characteristics, reactions, problems in the way of thinking, level of socialization and communication. Subsequently, I tested the student in different areas of general socialization and communication. I subjected him to unexpected situations outside of school. In the final part I intensively tested the student in all of his strong areas. I moved the implementation from the classroom into customized workshops. In three years of intensive work with the student with AD, I became familiar with many of his disorders as well as his strong and weak areas quite well. I learned about him to the point of being able to predict his reactions. Finally, I also learned about his strong areas the final result was a placement into a programme more suited to his needs. The findings confirmed my supposition that a special programme customized for students with AD can be developed, but we nevertheless need to take into account the fact that a generalized application of all the customizations and special content of OC is not possible due to the heterogeneity among students with AD. The analysis and the results of the case study offer a good starting point for further research.

Diplomsko delo predstavlja zelo aktualen poklic, ki je opevan pri nas in v svetu na mnogih televizijskih kanalih in v drugih medijih - poklic kuharja. »Ljubezen gre skozi želodec«, pravi slovenski pregovor. Delo dobrega kuharja je zelo zahtevno, za uspeh na trgu je treba pokazati veliko. Ljudje smo vedno bolj zahtevni. Danes je »moderno« brezglutensko, dietetično, zdravo, domače, slovensko ... V tem diplomskem delu predstavljamo glavne značilnosti za poklic kuharja, od zgodovinskega orisa, opisa poklica, izobraževanja in usposabljanja, bolj podrobno pa podatke o prostih delovnih mestih in zaposlovanju ter izobraževanju za ta profil v Sloveniji. Posebej smo raziskali gibanja v času gospodarske krize v Sloveniji. V raziskovalnem delu smo postavili tri hipoteze in preverjali njihovo veljavnost. Med drugim smo ugotovili, da je gospodarska kriza občutno prizadela tudi povpraševanje po kuharjih in njihovo zaposlovanje, vendar pomembno manj kakor celoto poklicev na 4. stopnji strokovne izobrazbe. Vpis dijakov od šolskega leta 2010/11 do 2015/16 pa kaže izrazit trend naraščanja, vendar brez dodatnih raziskav ni mogoče oceniti, v kolikšni meri je to posledica medijske popularizacije kuharstva v zadnjih letih. The diploma thesis presents a very current career that is publicised both in Slovenia and abroad on many television channels and in other media - the career of a chef. “The way to a person’s heart is through their stomach,” as the saying goes. The work of a good chef is very tough, and they have to push themselves to be successful in the market. And people are getting even more demanding. There are many modern diets such as gluten free, dietetic, healthy, homemade, traditional Slovenian, etc. In this diploma thesis we have presented the main characteristics of the cooking profession, including a historical perspective, a description of the profession, the education and training required, and have gone into more detail about the job availability and employment as well as education for this job profile in Slovenia. We especially studied the changes occurring during the economic crisis in Slovenia. In the research section we determined three hypotheses and verified their validity. One of the things we found out is that the economic crisis significantly affected the demand for chefs and their employment, however, much less than other professions from the Slovenian 4th education level. Enrolment of high school students from the period of 2010/11 to 2015/16 indicates a strong growth trend, however, without additional studies it is not possible to evaluate to what degree is this the result of media popularisation in recent years.

V diplomskem delu je celovito predstavljena Srednja tehniška in poklicna šola Trbovlje (v nadaljevanju STPŠ Trbovlje). Diplomsko delo obravnava izobraževalne programe, projekte in obšolske dejavnosti, ki jih STPŠ Trbovlje organizira za svoje dijake in učitelje. V teoretičnem delu se bralec podrobno seznani s šolsko zgodovino, s prizadevanjem vodstva šole in njene okolice pri izgradnji novih šolskih prostorov in športne dvorane Polaj, s strokovnim usposabljanjem učiteljev, s projekti in obšolskimi dejavnosti, ki se odvijajo na šoli, z izvajanjem izobraževalnih programov ter s šolsko včlenjenost v Zasavsko okolje. Poseben poudarek daje predstavitvi programov nižjega poklicnega izobraževanja, srednjega poklicnega izobraževanja, srednjega strokovnega izobraževanja, poklicno tehniškega izobraževanja in programu tehniške gimnazije. V drugem delu, ki obsega empirični del diplomske naloge, je zajeto ekspertno mnenje ravnateljice šole in izbranega učitelja, s katerim je predstavljeno trenutno stanje dogajanja na šoli. Poleg ekspertnega mnenja, empirični del diplomske naloge vsebuje tudi mnenje o izobraževanju in usposabljanju sedanjih dijakov. Pridobitev vrednosti mobilnosti bivših dijakov pa sem spremljala skozi odgovore na vprašanja, ki so bili zastavljeni v anketnem vprašalniku. The diploma thesis presents a comprehensive view on the Trbovlje Technical and Vocational secondary School. The diploma thesis deals with educational programs, projects and extracurricular activities that the school organizes for its students and teachers. In the theoretical part of the diploma thesis, the reader gets acquainted with the detailed knowledge of school’s history, the efforts of school leadership and its surroundings in the construction of new school facilities and sports hall Polaj, with teacher training, projects and extracurricular activities that take place at the school, with implementing educational programs and the school’s coexistence with the Zasavje environment. Special emphasis is placed on lower vocational programs, middle vocational education, secondary vocational education, vocational technical education and vocational technical high school program. In the second part, which includes the empirical part of the thesis, expert advice of the school headmistress and a chosen teacher on the current state of developments are covered. In addition to expert advice, the thesis also presents the education and training of current students who are enrolled in educational programs. The mobility of former students was acquired through answers to questions that were raised in the questionnaire.