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Summary: Root‐knot nematodes (RKN; Meloidogyne species) are plant pathogens that introduce several effectors in their hosts to facilitate infection. The actual targets and functioning mechanism of these effectors largely remain unexplored. This study illuminates the role and interplay of the Meloidogyne javanica nematode effector ROS suppressor (Mj‐NEROSs) within the host plant environment.Mj‐NEROSs suppresses INF1‐induced cell death as well as flg22‐induced callose deposition and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. A transcriptome analysis highlighted the downregulation of ROS‐related genes upon Mj‐NEROSs expression. NEROSs interacts with the plant Rieske's iron–sulfur protein (ISP) as shown by yeast‐two‐hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation.Secreted from the subventral pharyngeal glands into giant cells, Mj‐NEROSs localizes in the plastids where it interacts with ISP, subsequently altering electron transport rates and ROS production. Moreover, our results demonstrate that isp Arabidopsis thaliana mutants exhibit increased susceptibility to M. javanica, indicating ISP importance for plant immunity.The interaction of a nematode effector with a plastid protein highlights the possible role of root plastids in plant defense, prompting many questions on the details of this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research focuses on improving internet connection stability at the Network Laboratory of JTIK, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Makassar. The study aims to address the challenges of disruptions and instability frequently faced by users of Telkom WiFi in the laboratory, causing significant disruptions in internet activities. This instability is exacerbated by simultaneous internet usage, leading to network overload and bandwidth competition among users, ultimately reducing the overall network performance. As a solution, the research proposes the implementation of a network system that integrates Telkom ISP and 3 LTE using the PCC method. The system is equipped with a failover mechanism that automatically redirects the network connection to the active ISP when issues are detected. Additionally, the research categorizes users into admin lecturers and students, imposing bandwidth limitations specifically for students to prevent excessive network traffic. Three in-depth testing scenarios were conducted, demonstrating that the system smoothly redirects internet connections to the active ISP during issues, ensuring uninterrupted and effective internet access for users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pempek is one of the traditional foods of South Sumatra which is a processed food made from fish and tapioca flour. The chewy texture of pempek is very popular among consumers, but the addition of too much tapioca flour can make pempek has a hard texture. One alternative to improve the texture of pempek is using isolate soy protein (ISP). This study aims to obtain the optimum formulation of pempek added with isolate soy protein based on consumer preferences and identify the ideal attributes sensory of pempek. The method used in this research is the preparation of the formulation with the RSM using the Design-Expert 13 application, profiling attributes with FGD, testing physical texture with Texture Analyzer, hedonic test, data analysis, CATA and hedonic tests for the optimum formulation, and proximate test for the selected formulation. Based on the results of the analysis, two formulations of pempek were selected from 17 formulas of pempek with the highest desirability values, 0.84 (sample 179) and 0.74 (sample 952). Based on the results of the CATA test, sample 952 has the closest sensory attributes to ideal pempek based on consumer preferences with favorite sensory attributes being artificial aroma (MSG), umami taste, and chewy texture.

We discuss the economic impacts of the interplay between vertical integration and zero-rating for digital content. To this end, we develop a game-theoretic model that involves an Internet Service Provider (ISP), two competing content providers (CPs)—one an ad-supported CP, the other ad-free—and consumers. While previous studies have separately examined vertical integration and zero-rated content, none to our knowledge has explored the simultaneous interaction of both phenomena, which became apparent after the historic merger of AT&T and Time Warner. This vertical integration of an ISP and a CP has sparked an intense debate among policymakers and practitioners alike over the economic implications and consequent business practices (e.g., zero-rated content). The results of our analysis show that an ISP can generate higher profits after the merger with zero-rated content. Surprisingly, we find that the consumer valuation of the ad-free content significantly affects how the ISP will decide to maximize its profit. We extend our model to additionally consider the CPs' partial sponsorship of their consumers' data usage as well as the ISP's different pricing schemes for its consumers and the CPs. Our analysis, which illustrates the various arrangements between vertical integration and zero-rated content, and our findings on consumer surplus and social welfare should be helpful to policymakers as well as to the ISPs, CPs, and consumers of digital content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, many of the images captured are ‘observed’ by machines only and not by humans, e.g., in autonomous systems. High-level machine vision models, such as object recognition or semantic segmentation, assume images are transformed into some canonical image space by the camera Image Signal Processor (ISP). However, the camera ISP is optimized for producing visually pleasing images for human observers and not for machines. Therefore, one may spare the ISP compute time and apply vision models directly to RAW images. Yet, it has been shown that training such models directly on RAW images results in a performance drop. To mitigate this drop, we use a RAW and RGB image pairs dataset, which can be easily acquired with no human labeling. We then train a model that is applied directly to the RAW data by using knowledge distillation such that the model predictions for RAW images will be aligned with the predictions of an off-the-shelf pre-trained model for processed RGB images. Our experiments show that our performance on RAW images for object classification and semantic segmentation is significantly better than models trained on labeled RAW images. It also reasonably matches the predictions of a pre-trained model on processed RGB images, while saving the ISP compute overhead.

Pempek is one of the traditional foods of South Sumatra which is a processed food made from fish and tapioca flour. The chewy texture of pempek is very popular among consumers, but the addition of too much tapioca flour can make pempek has a hard texture. One alternative to improve the texture of pempek is using isolate soy protein (ISP). This study aims to obtain the optimum formulation of pempek added with isolate soy protein based on consumer preferences and identify the ideal attributes sensory of pempek. The method used in this research is the preparation of the formulation with the RSM using the Design-Expert 13 application, profiling attributes with FGD, testing physical texture with Texture Analyzer, hedonic test, data analysis, CATA and hedonic tests for the optimum formulation, and proximate test for the selected formulation. Based on the results of the analysis, two formulations of pempek were selected from 17 formulas of pempek with the highest desirability values, 0.84 (sample 179) and 0.74 (sample 952). Based on the results of the CATA test, sample 952 has the closest sensory attributes to ideal pempek based on consumer preferences with favorite sensory attributes being artificial aroma (MSG), umami taste, and chewy texture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. However, extant investigations have mainly focused on gray matter injury within the primary injury site after ICH rather than on white matter (WM) injury in the brain and spinal cord. This focus partly accounts for the diminished therapeutic discovery. Recent evidence suggests that chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPG), which can bind to the neural transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase-sigma (PTPσ), may facilitate axonal regrowth and remyelination by ameliorating neuroinflammation. Methods A clinically relevant ICH model was established using adult C57BL/6 mice. The mice were then treated systemically with intracellular sigma peptide (ISP), which specifically targets PTPσ. Sensorimotor function was assessed by various behavioral tests and electrophysiological assessment. Western blot was used to verify the expression levels of Iba-1 and different inflammatory cytokines. The morphology of white matter tracts of brain and spinal cord was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Adeno-associated virus (AAV) 2/9 injection was used to assess the ipsilateral axonal compensation after injury. Parallel in vitro studies on the effects of CSPG interference on oligodendrocyte–DRG neuron co-culture explored the molecular mechanism through which ISP treatment promoted myelination capability. Results ISP, by targeting PTPσ, improved WM integrity and sensorimotor recovery via immunomodulation. In addition, ISP administration significantly decreased WM injury in the peri-hematomal region as well as cervical spinal cord, enhanced axonal myelination and facilitated neurological restoration, including electrophysiologically assessed sensorimotor functions. Parallel in vitro studies showed that inhibition of PTPσ by ISP fosters myelination by modulating the Erk/CREB signaling pathway. Conclusions Our findings revealed for the first time that manipulation of PTPσ signaling by ISP can promote prolonged neurological recovery by restoration of the integrity of neural circuits in the CNS through modulation of Erk/CREB signaling pathway.

Copyright of Agribusiness Forum / Forum Agribisnis is the property of IPB University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article describes comparative internet studies as a useful paradigm through which to study Asian internet(s). It defines comparative internet studies as the systemic comparison of how material and immaterial internet infrastructure developed historically in different countries. This approach has the explicit aim of theoretical intervention and is located at the intersection of three strands of literature: internet studies, infrastructure studies, and regionality. This article brings together these three bodies of literature to illuminate areas of complementarity and cross-semination and to demonstrate how they contribute to a comparative internet studies project that is useful for grappling with Asian internet(s). Then, to illustrate how a comparative internet studies project can be realized, it draws on the author's prior work on two internet service provider (ISP) projects: i-mode in Japan and Monternet in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flat-field correction (FFC) is commonly used in image signal processing (ISP) to improve the uniformity of image sensor pixels. Image sensor nonuniformity and lens system characteristics have been known to be temperature-dependent. Some machine vision applications, such as visual odometry and single-pixel airborne object tracking, are extremely sensitive to pixel-to-pixel sensitivity variations. Numerous cameras, especially in the fields of infrared imaging and staring cameras, use multiple calibration images to correct for nonuniformities. This paper characterizes the temperature and analog gain dependence of the dark signal nonuniformity (DSNU) and photoresponse nonuniformity (PRNU) of two contemporary global shutter CMOS image sensors for machine vision applications. An optimized hardware architecture is proposed to compensate for nonuniformities, with optional parametric lens shading correction (LSC). Three different performance configurations are outlined for different application areas, costs, and power requirements. For most commercial applications, the correction of LSC suffices. For both DSNU and PRNU, compensation with one or multiple calibration images, captured at different gain and temperature settings are considered. For more demanding applications, the effectiveness, external memory bandwidth, power consumption, implementation, and calibration complexity, as well as the camera manufacturability of different nonuniformity correction approaches were compared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aside from the primary objective of finding potential digital evidence, preserving the integrity of the evidence and maintaining proper chain of custody are also equal priorities for an investigator to ensure admissibility of evidence in the court of law. Advanced mobile forensic techniques pose a serious challenge in achieving the latter due to the complexity of the process and possibility of alteration in the state of the device during data acquisition. Hence efforts are made to understand the critical issues faced by the investigators while employing advanced mobile forensic techniques, which may be invasive or destructive. A standardised investigative process is presented in this paper which may act as a guide to investigators, prosecutors and judicial officers dealing with digital evidence in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Freezing is widely used in food preservation, but if not carried out properly, ice crystals can multiply (nucleation) or grow (recrystallization) rapidly. This also affects thawing, causing structural damage and affecting overall quality. The objective of this review is to comprehensively study the cryoprotective effect of antifreeze proteins (AFPs), highlighting their role in the freeze-thaw process of food. The properties of AFPs are based on their thermal hysteresis capacity (THC), on the modification of crystal morphology and on the inhibition of ice recrystallization. The mechanism of action of AFPs is based on the adsorption-inhibition theory, but the specific role of hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds/residues and structural characteristics is also detailed. Because of the properties of AFPs, they have been successfully used to preserve the quality of a wide variety of refrigerated and frozen foods. Among the limitations of the use of AFPs, the high cost of production stands out, but currently there are solutions such as the use the production of recombinant proteins, cloning and chemical synthesis. Although in vitro, in vivo and human studies have shown that AFPs are non-toxic, their safety remains a matter of debate. Further studies are recommended to expand knowledge about AFPs, to reduce costs in their large-scale production, to understand their interaction with other food compounds and their possible effects on the consumer.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. However, extant investigations have mainly focused on gray matter injury within the primary injury site after ICH rather than on white matter (WM) injury in the brain and spinal cord. This focus partly accounts for the diminished therapeutic discovery. Recent evidence suggests that chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPG), which can bind to the neural transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase-sigma (PTPσ), may facilitate axonal regrowth and remyelination by ameliorating neuroinflammation.Methods: A clinically relevant ICH model was established using adult C57BL/6 mice. The mice were then treated systemically with intracellular sigma peptide (ISP), which specifically targets PTPσ. Sensorimotor function was assessed by various behavioral tests and electrophysiological assessment. Western blot was used to verify the expression levels of Iba-1 and different inflammatory cytokines. The morphology of white matter tracts of brain and spinal cord was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Adeno-associated virus (AAV) 2/9 injection was used to assess the ipsilateral axonal compensation after injury. Parallel in vitro studies on the effects of CSPG interference on oligodendrocyte-DRG neuron co-culture explored the molecular mechanism through which ISP treatment promoted myelination capability.Results: ISP, by targeting PTPσ, improved WM integrity and sensorimotor recovery via immunomodulation. In addition, ISP administration significantly decreased WM injury in the peri-hematomal region as well as cervical spinal cord, enhanced axonal myelination and facilitated neurological restoration, including electrophysiologically assessed sensorimotor functions. Parallel in vitro studies showed that inhibition of PTPσ by ISP fosters myelination by modulating the Erk/CREB signaling pathway.Conclusions: Our findings revealed for the first time that manipulation of PTPσ signaling by ISP can promote prolonged neurological recovery by restoration of the integrity of neural circuits in the CNS through modulation of Erk/CREB signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In lately published video coding standard Versatile Video Coding (VVC/ H.266), the intra sub-partitions (ISP) coding mode is proposed. It is efficient for frames with rich texture, but less efficient for frames that are very flat or constant. In this paper, by comparing and analyzing the rate distortion cost (RD-cost) of coding unit (CU) with different texture features for using and not using ISP(No-ISP) coding mode, it is observed that CUs with simple texture can skip ISP coding mode. Based on this observation, a fast ISP coding mode optimization algorithm based on CU texture complexity is proposed, which aims to determine whether a CU needs to use ISP coding mode in advance by calculating CU texture complexity, so as to reduce the computation complexity of ISP. The experimental results show that under All Intra (AI) configuration, the coding time can be reduced by 7%, while the BD rate only increase by 0.09%.

ISP networks have become a critical infrastructure in our society. Traffic in these networks is growing and is increasingly dominated by a small number of large CDNs connecting at multiple locations. Simultaneously, the networks are becoming more flexible, in terms of routing, CDN user mapping, and also regarding the IP topology: emerging optical technologies allow to flexibly reconfigure the network. This paper studies the potential gains of these reconfiguration flexibilities. The idea is to make CDN-ISP infrastructure demand-aware, that is, to re-optimize it towards the changing end-user demands over time. We present an optimization framework and conduct an extensive evaluation using data from a large European ISP. We find that such a reconfigurable infrastructure has indeed a high potential: by leveraging spatial and diurnal traffic patterns, the efficiency of ISP networks and CDNs is improved significantly. Specifically, the required backbone capacity is reduced by 15% while reducing path lengths by 30%, on average and during the critical peak hour. Moreover, such infrastructures can leverage re-optimizations during specific events, like the COVID-19 pandemic, and under link failures. We optimistically assume a cooperative environment of ISPs and CDNs, and we conclude by discussing trends that foster the identified benefits in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes how the COVID-19 pandemic has altered individual perceptions of Internet service providers (ISPs) and Internet importance, reliability, and status as an essential public utility (EPU). The authors found that lower income, younger, women, and racial-ethnic minority participants had lower ISP and Internet reliability perceptions. The pandemic increased perception of Internet as an EPU by 15% and access to in-home Information and Communication technology was significantly related to perceptions of Internet importance and reliability. Significantly, women perceived higher importance of household Internet than men, specifically for education, employment, and telehealth. Additionally, racial-ethnic minorities relied on Internet for entertainment and education more than white participants. The authors provide recommendations for public utility models of Internet, Internet-reliant technology adoption campaigns, and policy that targets sociodemographic/geographic barriers to Internet access. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to explore the factors associated with the occurrence of ISP after VATS to reduce the incidence of ISP and improve patients' quality of life.MethodsThe data of patients were collected between June 2020 and August 2020 in the Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital. The angle of upper arm was measured intraoperatively. The patient's postoperative shoulder function was quantified using the Constant-Murley shoulder function rating score. The proportional hazards model was applied to identify multiple influence factors.ResultsA total of 140 eligible patients met criteria. At postoperative day 3, only the age influenced patients' shoulder pain. At postoperative day 14, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.098 [1.046-1.152]; P < 0.001) and upper arm Angle A (OR: 1.064 [1.011-1.121]; P = 0.018) were independent risk factors for low shoulder function scores. However, height was its protective factor (OR: 0.923 [0.871-0.977]; P = 0.006). At postoperative day 42, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that age (OR: 1.079 [1.036-1.124]; P < 0.001) was a risk factor for low shoulder function scores, and height (OR: 0.933 [0.886-0.983]; P = 0.009) was its protective factor. In contrast, upper arm Angle B was not statistically associated with low shoulder function scores (P>0.05). In addition, the reduction in ipsilateral Shoulder scores after surgery was higher in patients with more than 113° of angle A (P = 0.025).ConclusionISP was closely related to the angle of anterior flexion of the upper arm on the patient's operative side intraoperatively. The increase in the degree of postoperative shoulder injury is more pronounced for an anterior flexion angle of >113°. Therefore, we recommend that the angle of anterior flexion of the upper extremity should be

Large content providers and content distribution network operators usually connect with large Internet service providers (eyeball networks) through dedicated private peering. The capacity of these private network interconnects is provisioned to match the volume of the real content demand by the users. Unfortunately, in cases in which there is a surge in traffic demand, (e.g., due to trending content or massive software updates) the capacity of the private interconnect may deplete, requiring the content provider/distributor to reroute the excess traffic through transit providers. Although such overflow events are rare, they negatively impact content providers, Internet service providers, and end-users. Such impact includes unexpected delays and disruptions that reduce the quality of the user experience, as well as direct costs paid by the Internet service provider to the transit providers. In this article, we examine the problem of predicting an overflow event in order to enable content and Internet service providers to handle the excess traffic in a timely manner. We propose an ensemble of deep learning models trained to predict overflow events over a short-term horizon of 2–4 hours and predict the specific interconnections through which the excess traffic will enter the Internet service provider. Evaluated with 2.5 years (2017-2019) of traffic measurement data from a large European Internet service provider, the models were shown to successfully recall 65% of the events with precision of 51% on average. While the lockdowns imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic reduced the overflow prediction accuracy, the pandemic’s impact on the accuracy was temporary. Although the lockdown continued on and off, the performance of models trained before the pandemic regained their performance during April-May 2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the possibility of replacing the isolated soy protein (ISP) as a binding agent for wheat, oat, and bamboo shoot dietary fibers. Dietary fibers and ISP were added to manufacturing process of pork emulsion, respectively, for investigate quality properties. Moisture contents of pork emulsion added wheat fiber-treated group was significantly higher than ISP-treated group (p < 0.05), and protein contents of dietary fiber-treated group were significantly lower than ISP-treated group (p < 0.05). Raw pork emulsion CIE a* value of oat, bamboo shoot fiber-treated group were significantly lower than ISP-treated group (p < 0.05). After cooking pork emulsion CIE L* value of dietary fiber-treated group were significantly higher than ISP-treated group (p < 0.05). Raw pork emulsion water holding capacity (WHC) of wheat, oat fiber-treated group were significantly higher than ISP-treated group (p < 0.05), and cooked pork emulsion WHC of wheat, bamboo shoot fiber-treated group were higher than ISP-treated group (p < 0.05). Cooking loss of ISP-treated group was significantly higher than dietary fiber-treated group (p < 0.05), and viscosity of ISP-treated group was lower than dietary fiber-treated group. Hardness of ISP-treated group was significantly lower than dietary fiber-treated group (p < 0.05); however, cohesiveness of ISP-treated group was significantly higher than dietary fiber-treated group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary fiber added as binding agent to manufacturing process of pork emulsion was suitable to replacing ISP.

En el presente artículo, el autor aborda el tema de la neutralidad de red y su relación con el derecho a la libertad de expresión. En específico, busca cuestionar y reflexionar sobre si las políticas de neutralidad de red que establecen regulaciones ex ante en verdad tienen un papel irremplazable y favorecedor en la protección de la libertad de expresión en internet. Así, se tiene el objetivo de revisar ciertas premisas que fundamentan las normativas actuales que versan sobre la neutralidad de red y los otros derechos fundamentales con los que estas regulaciones colisionan. Con este objetivo, dentro del artículo, primero, se da un marco conceptual de los actores en el ciberespacio; después, se desarrollan los fundamentos con los que se ha venido conectando a la neutralidad de red con la libertad de expresión; y, por último, se realiza una crítica a la importancia que se le ha dado a la neutralidad de red en la protección de la libertad de expresión y las colisiones con otros derechos fundamentales que esta puede conllevar.

Flat-field correction (FFC) is commonly used in image signal processing (ISP) to improve the uniformity of image sensor pixels. Image sensor nonuniformity and lens system characteristics have been known to be temperature-dependent. Some machine vision applications, such as visual odometry and single-pixel airborne object tracking, are extremely sensitive to pixel-to-pixel sensitivity variations. Numerous cameras, especially in the fields of infrared imaging and staring cameras, use multiple calibration images to correct for nonuniformities. This paper characterizes the temperature and analog gain dependence of the dark signal nonuniformity (DSNU) and photoresponse nonuniformity (PRNU) of two contemporary global shutter CMOS image sensors for machine vision applications. An optimized hardware architecture is proposed to compensate for nonuniformities, with optional parametric lens shading correction (LSC). Three different performance configurations are outlined for different application areas, costs, and power requirements. For most commercial applications, the correction of LSC suffices. For both DSNU and PRNU, compensation with one or multiple calibration images, captured at different gain and temperature settings are considered. For more demanding applications, the effectiveness, external memory bandwidth, power consumption, implementation, and calibration complexity, as well as the camera manufacturability of different nonuniformity correction approaches were compared.

Color demosaicing is an essential step in the camera image processing pipeline, especially on hardware platforms for real-time video applications. Though many demosaicing algorithms have been proposed in the past two decades, there remains a substantial gap between industrial needs and academic research. On one hand, industry requires a high perceptual quality, artifact-free, and low-cost demosaicing algorithm that is noniterative and small window based ready to be implemented on a hardware platform with a limited line buffer. On the other hand, academia is targeting high PSNR/SSIM, with the computation cost and line buffer receiving second priority, and often a frame buffer and iterative operation are used. The cost, large line buffer and iteration requirement make most existing demosaicing algorithms inapplicable on hardware platforms. In this paper, we introduce a novel low-cost demosaicing algorithm to narrow the gap. We keep the operation window size and computation cost as the first priority and achieve both high PSNR/SSIM and visual perceptual quality compared to previous state-of-the-art methods on standard test datasets. We fully investigate the a priori knowledge of natural scene raw images and find several key cues that are beneficial to demosaicing. Our demosaicing algorithm is a smart fusion of these useful cues. Furthermore, we solve typical demosaicing issues that occur in many traditional methods, including false color artifacts, T-section closing, and zippering artifacts. The proposed method has no learning stage, no iteration operation, a small line buffer and a limited number of parameters, so it can easily be applied to hardware platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In lately published video coding standard Versatile Video Coding (VVC/ H.266), the intra sub-partitions (ISP) coding mode is proposed. It is efficient for frames with rich texture, but less efficient for frames that are very flat or constant. In this paper, by comparing and analyzing the rate distortion cost (RD-cost) of coding unit (CU) with different texture features for using and not using ISP(No-ISP) coding mode, it is observed that CUs with simple texture can skip ISP coding mode. Based on this observation, a fast ISP coding mode optimization algorithm based on CU texture complexity is proposed, which aims to determine whether a CU needs to use ISP coding mode in advance by calculating CU texture complexity, so as to reduce the computation complexity of ISP. The experimental results show that under All Intra (AI) configuration, the coding time can be reduced by 7%, while the BD rate only increase by 0.09%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After finalization of process flow for the capacity expansion of an Integrated Steel Plant, considering the overall design requirements and inter-relationship amongst new and existing facilities, overall layout is developed on available space. Optimization of layout is proposed considering sizes, locational relationship of new units with existing operating units, required limiting conditions, transportation logistics and other auxiliary facilities. Prime objective of layout optimization should be proper utilization of available space which has been identified for expansion. Optimized layout can be developed through 3D integrated approach, which considers a common digital model of the entire plant. It can be achieved by merging the engineering output from various vendors, merging the model of existing plants obtained from works, surveys, and vendors so as to create a seamless layout. The final layout shall be best possible and can be executed in time bound manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Il contributo approfondisce alcune delle tematiche più rilevanti che emergono dalla recente giurisprudenza italiana sulla responsabilità civile degli Internet Service Provider (ISP). La sentenza in commento appare problematica nel modo in cui interpreta la distinzione tra hosting provider “passivo” ed “attivo”. In particolare, il passaggio più debole dal punto di vista giuridico-argomentativo è quello in cui i giudici del Tribunale di Roma qualificano l’attività del provider come “attiva” a partire dal momento della sua conoscenza del contenuto illecitamente pubblicato. Questa soluzione, come si vedrà, mal si concilia con la disciplina sul commercio elettronico e con la nuova normativa europea sul diritto d’autore.

With the number of multi-facetted crises on the rise, with an international governance system deteriorating, how is the EU performing in putting its acts together to respond to these challenging times? In building up its foreign policy over the last two decades, the European Union has gone a long way from seeking 'coherence' between Members States to an 'integrated approach to conflicts and crises' embedded into the 2016 Global Strategy for the European Union's Foreign and Security Policy. Whilst still at an infant stage, the 'integrated approach' has led to institutional changes within the European External Action Service (EEAS), in particular the creation of a dedicated Integrated Approach for Security and Peace Directorate. Its aims for a given crisis are promoting a comprehensive political and strategic plan shared by theEUand its Member States, acting in a unified manner and leading to synchronized actions. To be successful, including in the Union's neighbourhood, the integrated approach will need to be based on strong, clear and common EU foreign affairs objectives aiming at securing sustainable peace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Themis: Revista de Derecho is the property of Themis Asociacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)