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To investigate the influence of biostimulants and organic mulch on the soil microbial population of strawberry cv. Katrain Sweet, an experiment was carried out in the Department of Fruit Science and in the Biocontrol lab, Department of Plant Pathology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, during two subsequent years i.e., 2022-2023 and 2023-2024. The results showed substantial enhancements in microbial growth of both fungi and bacteria with the use of Azotobacter, Trichoderma harzianum and PSB, applied in combination with organic mulch, particularly in treatment (T12) Azotobacter (8g/plant) + PSB (8g/plant) + Trichoderma harzianum (6g/plant) + dried leaves. This treatment resulted in the highest bacterial population count of 8.97×10v cfu g-1 of soil and a fungal population of 5.93×10t cfu g-1 of soil, significantly outperforming over the control. The findings underscore the potential for using biostimulants and organic mulches to enhance soil microbial growth in strawberry production, offering a sustainable approach for improving yield and plant health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Knowledge management is the process and the collection of methods relating to creating, organizing, sharing, using and managing the knowledge and information of an organization. knowledge management Contains maintaining information in a knowledgebase where it is easy to access. Also, it refers to a multidisciplinary approach to achieve organizational goals by Optimal use of knowledge. Much organisational effort has been put into knowledge management initiatives and information technologies can provide a potent means for organizations to manage their Organizational information and experiences. Creating, gathering, organizing and disseminating organizational information is one of the main activities of knowledge management. The current research was conducted with the aim of applying knowledge management in promoting and improving the educational status of managers and employees of Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas branch. Methodology: This research is of an applied type, which was carried out in a survey and descriptive manner. The statistical population includes all managers and employees of Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas branch, according to Cochran's formula, 15 managers, 93 female employees and 107 male employees were considered as samples. The sampling method in both groups of managers and employees was random-stratified. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. In this research, descriptive methods were used to analyze the data obtained from the questionnaires. At the descriptive level, using characteristics such as abundance was dealt with the analysis of the characteristics of the society and Kolmogorov-Smirnov's normal test were used to examine the hypotheses, binomial test. Findings: The findings showed that knowledge management is effective in promoting and improving the educational status of managers and employees of Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas branch. Also, creating knowledge with an average of 40.09, absorbing knowledge with an average of 26.74, and organizing knowledge with an average of 36.81 have a confirming role in promoting and improving the educational status of managers and employees of Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch. Conclusion: Information sharing, collection of professional experiences, organizational interaction at different levels of the university along with creativity of methods and application of information systems play an important role in the development of knowledge management system. Better understanding of knowledge management by employees and specialists, holding knowledge management training courses and workshops, using a comprehensive knowledge management measurement system, creating a knowledge base to organize organizational information, launching a system of suggestions to strengthen the educational process and benefit from organizational experiences, using technologies Up-to-date for optimal management of organizational information and continuous assessment of knowledge management status is one of the suggestions of this research.

Objective: The ever-increasing expansion and diversity of social networks, both in terms of the number of users and the expansion of its use in different dimensions, brought the world into a new era that completely changed the equations and structure of human life. On the one hand, human social interactions changed and human communication became more and more flexible. In the meantime, the influential users of social networks as one of the important elements in social networks have a greater contribution and effect on public opinion and the approach of users and people every day. The image that is formed from the data published by these users of an organization plays a significant role in the image of the entire organization in social networks and public opinion. . Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the characteristics and role of Persian Twitter influencers, especially the role of these users in the image of an organization, which has been investigated in the form of a case study of Islamic Azad University as a large and multifaceted organization. Method: This research has analyzed the raw data of Twitter social network using data mining technique. In the first step, by extracting the top Twitter users in terms of the number of followers, I presented an initial picture of the political approach and... and in the second step, by focusing on public raw data, it was extracted from the Twitter social network of these users, and after refining the raw data into data Structured transformation and analysis was done on the data. Results :The findings of this research are based on the two components of the political approach and following the influencers. On the other hand, the content published by the same users about Azad University shows that the political portrayal and corruption of the university have the main contribution, and the contribution of student issues and problems such as tuition fees or scientific and research topics is insignificant. Conclusions :What is clear from the study of influencers on social networks is its position and impact on public opinion and the general society, as well as paying attention to active platforms among Persian and Iranian users, such as Twitter, which can have a serious effect on the media sphere. If the country has one, it is possible to understand the importance of Twitter influencers in the current environment, which causes the accuracy of its specifications and details and their classification in the scientific opinion and research in indicators such as political approach or the number of followers. And also, the field of activity drew more detailed findings of the level of influence and them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this research is to examine and explain the model of a superior organizational climate for the promotion of knowledge in the Islamic Azad Universities of Mazandaran Province. Methodology: This research is applied in terms of its objective and descriptivesurvey in terms of data collection method. Data were collected using a standard researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population comprises 1,537 faculty members from various departments of Islamic Azad Universities in Mazandaran Province. The sampling method is cluster random sampling. Initially, the entire Mazandaran Province was divided into three clusters: eastern, central, and western. From each cluster, three counties were selected, making a total of nine counties chosen as the statistical sample. Subsequently, 308 faculty members from these counties were considered. Data analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling with Smart PLS4 software. Findings: The results indicate that all indicators and factors influencing the superior organizational climate for the promotion of knowledge in Islamic Azad Universities have a factor loading greater than 0.4, thus confirming the indicators and influential factors. Furthermore, the model of factors influencing the superior organizational climate for the promotion of knowledge in Islamic Azad Universities was depicted. The impact of causal factors on the superior organizational climate within the university, and contextual and environmental factors on strategies were found to be significant. Additionally, strategies had a positive and significant impact on outcomes and results. Conclusion: The factors of the model of a superior organizational climate in universities aimed at promoting knowledge can be generally recommended as a practical and comprehensive package for all university managers and executive bodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Iran will soon have an aging population. Healthcare providers must consider factors affecting the quality of life for those 60 and older. Understanding oral health as one of these factors can improve the elderly's quality of life. Oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) is a crucial reflection of individuals' general well‐being and their overall quality of life linked to health. This study aimed to evaluate the OHRQoL among elderly Iranians referring to Azad University of Medical Sciences in Tehran. Methods: In this cross‐sectional study, 171 individuals over 65 (93 men and 78 women) were evaluated using OHIP‐14 and GOHAI‐12 questionnaires to analyze their quality of life. Gender, age, systemic diseases, using medications and dentures, the number of remaining teeth, and oral lesions were recorded. Salivary flow and xerostomia were analyzed with the spitting method and xerostomia index questionnaire, respectively. Also, four main flavor solutions were used to evaluate the taste perception. Data were analyzed using PASS11 and p value <.05 was the significance level. Results: Based on OHIP‐14 and GOHAI‐12, Iranian older people's quality of life can be affected by cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, xerostomia, and the number of remaining teeth (p <.05). The results also showed a significant correlation between the OHIP‐14 and GOHAI‐12 scores (p <.001). Both indexes revealed that the number of remaining teeth, xerostomia, salivary flow, and taste perception greatly influenced participants' quality of life. More remaining teeth, improved salivary flow, and better perception of sweetness and sourness were all linked to a higher quality of life, while increased xerostomia, reduced salivary flow, and bitter taste perception were linked to a decline in overall well‐being. Cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and medication use were also found to significantly impact quality of life. Conclusion: This study's results indicate that cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, dry mouth, and tooth loss can negatively impact the elderly's quality of life. So, improving both systemic and oral health is vital for enhancing life quality in this age group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Knowledge management is the process and the collection of methods relating to creating, organizing, sharing, using and managing the knowledge and information of an organization. knowledge management Contains maintaining information in a knowledgebase where it is easy to access. Also, it refers to a multidisciplinary approach to achieve organizational goals by Optimal use of knowledge. Much organisational effort has been put into knowledge management initiatives and information technologies can provide a potent means for organizations to manage their Organizational information and experiences. Creating, gathering, organizing and disseminating organizational information is one of the main activities of knowledge management. The current research was conducted with the aim of applying knowledge management in promoting and improving the educational status of managers and employees of Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas branch. Methodology: This research is of an applied type, which was carried out in a survey and descriptive manner. The statistical population includes all managers and employees of Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas branch, according to Cochran's formula, 15 managers, 93 female employees and 107 male employees were considered as samples. The sampling method in both groups of managers and employees was random-stratified. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. In this research, descriptive methods were used to analyze the data obtained from the questionnaires. At the descriptive level, using characteristics such as abundance was dealt with the analysis of the characteristics of the society and Kolmogorov-Smirnov's normal test were used to examine the hypotheses, binomial test. Findings: The findings showed that knowledge management is effective in promoting and improving the educational status of managers and employees of Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas branch. Also, creating knowledge with an average of 40.09, absorbing knowledge with an average of 26.74, and organizing knowledge with an average of 36.81 have a confirming role in promoting and improving the educational status of managers and employees of Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch. Conclusion: Information sharing, collection of professional experiences, organizational interaction at different levels of the university along with creativity of methods and application of information systems play an important role in the development of knowledge management system. Better understanding of knowledge management by employees and specialists, holding knowledge management training courses and workshops, using a comprehensive knowledge management measurement system, creating a knowledge base to organize organizational information, launching a system of suggestions to strengthen the educational process and benefit from organizational experiences, using technologies Up-to-date for optimal management of organizational information and continuous assessment of knowledge management status is one of the suggestions of this research [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High soil salinity, a result of salt stress, poses a significant obstacle to crop cultivation, particularly for ornamental plants like narcissus. Plant growth regulators, such as methyl jasmonate (MeJA), have the potential to mitigate the impact of stressful conditions. This study involved different MeJA concentrations (0, 50, 100, and 200 µM) and varying levels of salt stress (4 and 8 dS m–1), along with a control level, in a pot experiment conducted using a complete randomized block design with three replicates at the Research Greenhouse, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch. The research revealed that salt stress led to a substantial increase in leaf proline and flavonoid levels, as well as electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymatic activities. These increases were more pronounced when MeJA was applied concurrently with a decrease in EL, H2O2, and MDA. Conversely, salt stress was observed to reduce chlorophyll and carotenoid levels, relative water content (RWC), flower fresh weight, flower longevity on the plant, and flowering duration. This underscores MeJA's potential as a growth regulator that safeguards narcissus against salinity toxicity. The findings indicate that 100 µM MeJA activates an effective mechanism to mitigate the adverse effects of salinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present experiment was conducted during October, 2022 to March, 2023 at Horticulture Garden, Department of Fruit Science of Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, U.P, India. The experiment was layout in RBD with three replicates of each treatment. Total 10 treatments including one control viz., GA3 15 ppm, GA3 20 ppm, GA3 25 ppm, GA3 30 ppm, Urea 2%, GA3 15 ppm and urea 2%, GA3 20 ppm and urea 2%, GA3 25 ppm and urea 2%, GA3 30 ppm and urea 2% and Control i.e., water spray. The present investigation, it is reported that the application of GA3 30 ppm and Urea 2% with significantly increased initial fruit set (169), fruit retention (84.22%) and decreased fruit drop (84.22%), increased fruit weight (15.44 g), pulp weight (14.43 g), fruit length (4.52 cm), diameter (2.99 cm), volume (16.80 cc) and yield (31.50 kg) branch-1 and minimum stone weight (1.01 g), pulp: stone ratio (14.29) and quality parameters like; TSS (15.30 °Brix), ascorbic acid (99.25 mg) 100 g-1 of fruit pulp and total sugars (9.99%) and decreased titratable acidity (0.10%) content. Hence, plants treated with GA3 30 ppm and urea 2% can further be used to improve the fruiting, overall yield improvement, and quality characteristics of Banarasi Karaka cultivar of ber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The main purpose of this research is to present a model for the development of the culture of endowment in higher education centers with an emphasis on Islamic Azad University. Methods: The current research is a sequential exploratory qualitative study. Data collection was done in 2021 and the method of data collection was semistructured interview. Which was done in the form of thematic analysis. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part included experts, experts and specialists in religious sciences, benefactors, and senior managers of Islamic Azad University who had the required information for the research, and there were 30 people. It includes 8 religious’ experts from seminary professors with a teaching experience of 10 years and above, 12 university professors in the fields of educational management and financial management with at least 10 years of teaching experience, and 10 benefactors and benefactors. The data collection tool in the qualitative part was semi-structured interview. Also, the data obtained from the research were analyzed by SPSS and AMOS24 software. Results: The results showed that the extracted concepts are 105 primary codes, 36 basic themes and 10 organizing themes, which were classified into 10 components and in the form of 2 overarching themes. Conclusion: As a result, universities should be creative to find their financial resources, not just relying on government funding, which is created by spreading the culture of endowment in society of this suitable platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: Maladaptive cognitive patterns including negative cognitive style and dysfunctional attitudes are major risk factors for depression. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of depression symptoms with emotional maturity and dysfunctional attitudes mediated by emotional divorce in married students. Methods: The statistical population included all married students at the Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz (Iran) during the academic year 2021–2022. A total of 301 students were selected as the research sample based on the research variables. The research instrument included Beck’s Depression Inventory, Emotional Maturity Scale, Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale, and Emotional Divorce Scale. Path analysis was used to evaluate the proposed model in SPSS version 27 and AMOS version 25. Results: The relationship between emotional maturity and emotional divorce was negative and significant (β=-0.45, P<0.001). The relationship between dysfunctional attitudes and depression symptoms was positive and significant (β=0.17, P=0.002). There was a positive and significant relationship between dysfunctional attitudes and emotional divorce (β=0.30, P<0.001) and between emotional divorce and depression symptoms (β=0.39, P<0.001). There were also significant indirect paths from emotional maturity and dysfunctional attitudes to depression symptoms mediated by emotional divorce (P<0.001). Conclusion: The research results indicated that the proposed model had a good fit. Therefore, it was considered a major step in identifying the factors affecting depression symptoms in married students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dynamic assessment has been proven to effectively promote EFL learners' speaking proficiency, but its implementation in teaching speaking skills has been limited. One of the main reasons is that, thus far, very few studies have scrutinized the impacts of its two main models, interactionist and interventionist, on the speaking sub-skills of EFL learners. Instead of examining speaking as a general skill, this research focused on four speaking sub-skills, including grammatical range and accuracy, vocabulary, fluency, and pronunciation, with a concurrent experimental mixed-method design. To this aim, 30 undergraduate students from the Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, were recruited through convenience sampling and participated in both phases. The quantitative data were collected from participants' pre-and post-test scores in the IELTS speaking module, and qualitative data consisted of the transcribed recordings of the intervention sessions. The integration of the quantitative and qualitative results revealed that while both models positively affected EFL learners' speaking proficiency, they differed in the extent and mechanisms of their impacts. The interactionist DA effectively improved grammatical range and accuracy, pronunciation, and vocabulary depth, and the interventionist DA enhanced fluency and vocabulary breadth more efficiently. The findings dissect the differential effects of DA models in one-to-one speaking lessons, offering practical insights for ELT practitioners and stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Learning and memory are fundamental to the survival of human life. In view of that, a relationship exists between age-related forgetfulness and changes in sex hormone levels. Objectives: Respecting the benefits of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) for sex hormones, this study investigated the effect of cumin hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) on learning and memory in gonadectomized (GDX) male Wistar rats. Methods: First, cumin seeds were purchased and identified by the herbarium affiliated with Islamic Azad University (IAU), Qom branch, Qom, Iran. The hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) was then extracted using a Soxhlet apparatus, and cumin powder was prepared using a drying oven. A total of 48 male Wistar rats (weighing 250 ± 50 g) were divided into eight groups: A normal group treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), three normal groups receiving cumin HAE doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, a GDX group treated with DMSO, and three GDX groups receiving cumin HAE doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg. Following the surgical procedure to remove both testes, intraperitoneal (IP) injections were administered. Half an hour later, learning and memory tasks were conducted using the Shuttle box, and the step-through latency (STL) as the standard index of passive avoidance learning (PAL) was recorded for 10 minutes. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test. Results: The GDX male Wistar rats receiving DMSO experienced a significant decline in STL compared to the normal group treated in the same manner (P < 0.001). The rats in the GDX groups receiving cumin HAE doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg also demonstrated a significant increase in STL compared to the GDX group treated with DMSO (P < 0.001). Conclusions: As evidenced, GDX decreased PAL, but cumin HAE boosted learning and memory in the GDX male Wistar rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the extent to which white-collar crime makes sense. Understanding business offending reflects the degree of sensemaking among respondents in the current survey research. Making sense implies a number of factors that influence understandability. An understandable act is not necessarily acceptable or justifiable. At a university in Iran, criminal law and criminology students answered a questionnaire regarding their extent of understanding of business offenders. Design/methodology/approach: The research method is the use of experimental data using a questionnaire in one of the units of the Islamic Azad University in Iran, where 300 students were invited to respond to an online survey. Findings: The respondents found it on average understandable that top executives and other privileged individuals abuse their positions to commit financial crime when they have problems with their personal finances, when the business struggles financially and faces the threat of bankruptcy, and when they offer bribes in corrupt countries to obtain business contracts. The extent of understandability varies with a number of propositions in the convenience theory. Originality/value: This article has not been submitted elsewhere and is original. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Purpose: Urinary incontinence (URIN) and fecal incontinence (FEIN) are common in women, which affect various aspects of their daily life and general health. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of biofeedback (BFB) in women with urinary and FEIN referring to the hospitals of Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran branch, Iran (2021). Materials and Methods: This research was a cohort study that was conducted on 100 women with urinary and FEIN who were referred to selected hospitals of the Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran branch. In this study, before and after BFB, the amount of urinary and FEIN in patients was measured and finally compared by SPSS-ver. 16 software. Results: The results of this study showed that the frequency of patients with URIN and FEIN was equal to 66 (66%) and 34 (66%) patients, respectively. After treatment with BFB, 39 (59.1%) patients with URIN and 39 (59.1%) patients with FEIN had symptom improvement. The mean body mass index and the number of pregnancies in patients who improved urinary and FEIN symptoms after BFB were significantly lower than in patients who did not improve symptoms. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that effective and significant factors on the improvement of urinary and FEIN symptoms after BFB include fiber consumption, the presence of underlying diseases such as diabetes, blood pressure, type of delivery, history of depression, history of anorectal surgery, and vaginal delivery was difficult. In addition, based on the findings of the study, it can be said that BFB has an acceptable effect in improving the symptoms of urinary and FEIN in women, although additional studies are needed to confirm the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present investigation was conducted in Dairy Technology Laboratory of the Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur. Moringa Chhana spread manufacturing technique was standardized on the basis of various parameters under study and final product was subjected for the evaluation of sensory, chemical and microbiological qualities. The flavour of Moringa Chhana Spread is the most important quality attributes. A pleasant sweetish aroma and a sweetish taste are desirable characteristics of Moringa Chhana Spread. It should be free from any off flavour. The highest (6.74) flavour score was found in milk sample of A2 (6% Moringa leaves extract) followed by A3 (12% Moringa leaves extract) score (6.54). The flavour score showed a decreasing trend as level of Moringa leaves extract was decreased below to 6 % in Moringa Chhana Spread. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance patterns and prevalence of carbapenemase genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in different clinical samples from Tabriz city, northwestern Iran. Results: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Ahar Branch, Iran, in 2020. K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from different clinical samples, including blood, wounds, sputum, and urine. The isolates were identified using a series of standard bacteriological tests. Antibiotic resistance was determined by the disc diffusion method. The presence of blaVIM, blaNDM, blaKPC, blaOXA, and blaIMP genes were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 100 non-duplicated K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from 57 urine samples, 27 blood samples, 13 wound samples, and 3 sputum samples. Overall, 70.0% of the samples were from inpatients, while 30.0% were from outpatients. The most resistance rate was related to ampicillin (94.0%), while the lowest resistance rate was related to imipenem (18.0%) and meropenem (20.0%). Overall, 25.0% of the isolates were carbapenem-resistant, of which 13.0% were resistant to both imipenem and meropenem. The PCR showed the total prevalence of 23.0% for carbapenemase genes, including 18.0% for blaKPC, 3.0% for blaVIM, 1.0% for blaIMP, and 1.0% for blaOXA gene. The blaNDM gene was not detected in any isolate. The prevalence of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae isolates was relatively lower in northwestern Iran than in other regions of the country. However, special attention should be paid to the proper use of antibiotics, particularly carbapenems, to prevent further spread of antibiotic resistance and its related genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: Arthritis is one of the main presentations of chronic brucellosis, but bursitis and tendon rupture are also caused by brucellosis. Therefore, brucellosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of arthritis, bursitis, and tendon rupture by physicians. In addition, early diagnosis and treatment are very important in the prevention of disability. Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease common in the Middle East. Manifestations of acute disease are fever, sweating, myalgia, and arthralgia. However, bone joint involvement occurs in 10%–85% of patients, and sacroiliac involvement occurs in up to 80% and vertebral joint involvement in up to 54%. A 57‐year‐old woman was admitted to the hospital of Islamic Azad University on February 26, 2021, with a history of one‐month pain and limited movement of the right shoulder joint with fever for surgery of the shoulder ligament. The standard agglutination titer (Wright) for brucellosis at first was 1/640 and then increased. MRI of the shoulder showed a supraspinatus tendon and anterosuperior labral of the glenoid labrum tear. Although the patient was a candidate for shoulder joint ligament surgery, with a diagnosis of brucellosis, the treatment of brucellosis was prescribed, symptoms disappeared with anti‐brucellosis antibiotic therapy without surgery, and the patient recovered. Supraspinatus tendon and antero superior labral of glenoid labrum tear of the shoulder joint in brucellosis is generally very rare. Failure or delay in the treatment of brucellosis can cause ligament rupture or joint disability. Sometimes, there are no symptoms except osteoarticular manifestations in brucellosis; therefore, brucellosis should be one of the differential diagnoses in osteoarticular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to compare object relations, personality organization, personal meaning of life, and relational meaning in life among students of Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch. Methods: The research design was post-event (causal-comparative). The sample included 200 students (100 psychology students and 100 students from other majors) selected based on convenience sampling criteria. The tools used in this study were Bell object relations and reality testing inventory (BORRTI), Kernberg's inventory of personality organization (IPO), Steger's meaning in life questionnaire (MLQ), and relational meaning in life questionnaire (RMLQ). The collected data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance and SPSS software, version 24. Results: The results showed no significant difference between the scores of object relations among psychology students and students from other majors of Islamic Azad University, Lahijan City, Iran. On the other hand, a significant difference was observed between the variables of personality organization, personal meaning in life, and relational meaning in life in psychology students and other university students. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the overall status of psychology students in terms of personality organization, personal meaning in life, and relational meaning in life was better than other students. However, it is recommended that therapists, counselors, and educational administrators pay more attention to object relations and some personality organization variables (such as primary defenses and identity confusion) in themselves or their students because examining and improving these variables through psychotherapy can provide a better basis for future services and prevent potential harm to clients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of C‐shaped canals and three‐rooted mandibular molars in the Iranian population using cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: This study evaluated mandibular teeth on 292 CBCT scans of patients referred to the Department of Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. All CBCT scans were obtained with the same three‐dimensional CBCT scanner, and sections were reconstructed in all three planes (sagittal, axial, and coronal) with 1 mm slice thickness. A total of 291,402, and 200 first, second, and third molars, respectively, were evaluated. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 26.0). Results: Of 291 mandibular first molars, 0.7% were single‐rooted, 96.6% were two‐rooted, and 2.7% were three‐rooted. The prevalence of C‐shaped canals was 1.7% in mandibular first molars. Of 402 mandibular second molars, 8.5% were single‐rooted, 90.5% were two‐rooted, and 1% were three‐rooted. The prevalence of C‐shaped canals was 2% in mandibular second molars. Of 200 mandibular third molars, 21.5% were single‐rooted, 77.5% were two‐rooted, and 1% were three‐rooted. The prevalence of C‐shaped canals was 2% in mandibular third molars. Conclusion: In the present study, the majority of mandibular molars were two‐rooted, and three‐rooted mandibular molars were less common. The third and second mandibular molars both had an increased prevalence of C‐shaped canals. Mandibular first molars had the highest prevalence of three‐rooted molars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil, a naturally occurring resource, is increasingly used as a construction material. Stabilisation strengthens soil, which is weak as an engineering material. Stabilising soil changes its physical qualities, enhancing its strength. Soil stabilisation increases the shear strength and load-bearing capacity. Soil stabilisation refers to any endeavour to change natural soil for engineering purposes using physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological methods, or a mix of these. Strengthening road pavements includes improving the load-bearing capacity, tensile strength, and performance of unstable subsoils, sands, and waste materials. Due to market demands and scientific advances, the number of soil-stabilising additives has increased. These innovative stabilisers include reinforcing fibres, calcium chloride, sodium chloride, and cross-linking water-based styrene acrylic polymers, which are geopolymers that boost the load-bearing capacity and tensile strength of soil. Many materials are being explored for soil stabilisation. In this article, the authors investigated the direction of soil stabilisation research. Scientometric analysis identifies stabilisation challenges and research trends in the field. This study analysed research patterns by countries, authors, institutions, keywords, and journals from 1959 to 2023; in 2021, 150 articles were published, which was the highest number in a year. Citations peaked at 3084 in 2022. With 253 publications and 3084 citations, India was the most productive country. Iran and France published the fewest, 34 and 33, respectively. The Islamic Azad University and the National Institute of Technology had the fewest published articles with 17 articles. This work can help track soil stabilisation research and will serve as an information document for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of maladaptive intrapersonal-interpersonal schemas and avoidance between the perception of childhood traumas and depression. Methods: The research method was a descriptive correlational study using correlation. The statistical population was the students of Islamic Azad University (Shahryar and Quds branches) who were studying in the academic year of 2020-2021. 489 students were selected using the available sampling method from this population. Data were collected using Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Early Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire (SQ-SF), the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ), the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and structural equation analysis (SEM) with SPSS26 and AMOS22 software, respectively. Results: The results showed that intrapersonal schemas play a mediating role between childhood traumas (neglect and abuse) and depression (p<0.05). Also, childhood neglect and abuse predicted depression through the mediation of two schema (intrapersonal and interpersonal) and avoidance variables (p<0.05). In this study, the mediation of interpersonal schemas between childhood traumas and depression was not significant (p < 0.05) and only predict depression through avoidance (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, the mediating role of intrapersonal schemas between childhood traumas and depression was confirmed, while the interpersonal schema only predicted depression through avoidance. Therefore, in order to treatment of depression, it seems necessary to focus on schemas especially intrapersonal schemas and cognitive-behavioral manipulation such as cognitive and behavioral avoidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the high rate of comorbidity of social anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder, this study aimed to examine the mediation effect of depressive symptoms on the association between emotion regulation, negative self-evaluation, and social anxiety symptoms. The population of this study consisted of all students of the Faculty of Architecture, Islamic Azad University. The sample included 284 of the students based on convenience sampling method. Depressive symptoms were measured by Beck Depression Inventory-II (Beck et al., 1996), emotion regulation was measured by Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski et al., Personality and Individual Differences, 30(8), 1311–1327, 2001), social anxiety was measured by Social Phobia Inventory (Connor et al., Depression and Anxiety, 14(2), 137–140, 2001) and, negative self-evaluation was measured by Consequences of Negative Social Events Questionnaire (Wilson and Rapee, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 19(3), 245–274, 2005). We used Path analysis to test the significance of mediation. The result of the study indicated that the direct and indirect effects of all maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, negative self-evaluation and evaluation from the others', and depression components on social anxiety symptoms components was positive and significant.From these results, we conclude that high levels of depressive symptoms accompanied by high levels of maladaptive emotion regulation and high levels of negative self-evaluation can lead to increased social anxiety symptoms. The theoretical and practical issues have been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The present research aims to examine and offer a model of a cloud-based knowledge-sharing process among the faculty members of Islamic Azad University (IAU).Methods: This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of type of research, it is mixed exploratory, and in terms of research method, it is research-based on grounded theory. For the purpose of the research, all 2800 faculty members of Islamic Azad University (IAU) in the country were studied. To determine the sample size (397 people), a multi-stage sampling method and Cochran's sample size formula were used. In this research, structured interviews and electronic questionnaires were used as research tools in two qualitative and qualitative stages. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the interview with the experts continued until the theoretical adequacy. The pattern of knowledge-sharing behavior was extracted from the data of the qualitative phase of the research. Also, the research employed structural equations (Partial Least Square Model) to analyze the research data, using smartPLS software.Findings: The research findings indicated that there were six effective components connected with the exploratory pattern of knowledge-sharing behavior, which are given below in order of priority: 1. Principal Component; the pivotal component with the factor of organizational maturity level, 2. Causal Conditions; including the management and organizational factors, 3. Strategies; including the factors affecting the development of job security and the improvement of the level of trust across organizations and organizational communication network, 4. Background Conditions; including organizational culture and technological infrastructures 5. Intervening Conditions, including the enhancement of workforce skills, and 6. Consequences. These include the factors affecting the efficiency of human resources and the development of occupational engagement.Similarly, the research results indicated that both the management factor and the organizational factors, as the dual elements of the component causal conditions, influenced the organizational maturity development process. This is because the T-statistic value given the effectiveness of the management factors and the path coefficient equaled 3.666 and 0.21, respectively, which is indicative of the direct positive effects of the management factors on organizational maturity. The organizational factors affected the maturity process directly and positively since the T-statistic value was 6.334 going beyond the absolute value of 1.96, and the path coefficient was 0.327.Conclusions: Organizations can pave the way for the development of organizational maturity if they are in favorable conditions in terms of support from managers and the coordination between cloud computing and knowledge-sharing systems. The implementation of such systems across organizations will result in improved performance of the faculty members and an increased competitive advantage.

Introduction and aim: Critical thinking is a style of thinking that requires new and student-oriented education. Nursing mentors should try to train students interested in continuous learning according to the current conditions of clinical settings. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of network-based learning on the critical thinking skills of nursing students studying at the Islamic Azad University of Golestan province in 2022. Method: This is an experimental pre/post-test study with two intervention and control groups, which was conducted on undergraduate nursing students studying at Islamic Azad University of Golestan in 2022. Convenience sampling method was used in this study to collect the sample. A total of 50 students participated in this study, who were divided into two intervention and control groups by simple random allocation method found on the website. Data collection tools in this study included the demographic information form and the critical thinking disposition inventory (CTDI). Findings: Before the intervention, the mean score of critical thinking was 343.76 ± 12.73 in the intervention group and 343.76 ± 12.73 in the control group, which showed no statistically significant difference (P=0.2). After the intervention, the mean score of critical thinking was 373.28 ± 18.55 in the intervention group and 340.2 ± 10.38 in the control group, which showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that problem solving training through virtual means can be effective in improving the critical thinking of nursing students. Perhaps the use of this method can have a significant effect on education of students and consequently, improve the quality of nursing care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present correlational, quantitative research aimed to examine the relationship between identity styles and conformity. To do so, a probability sample of 365 students were selected from Islamic Azad University – Shahr-e Rey Branch, Iran. among whom the conformity and identity styles questionnaires were distributed. The degrees of correlation between these two variables were determined by Pearson's bivariate correlation coefficient. The findings showed that there is a positive correlation between each of these identity styles and conformity. However, this relationship was only significant between the diffuse/avoidant identity style and conformity. The limitations and suggestions for further research are also mentioned in the present paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this article is to propose a model for the professional competencies of managers based on the Fundamental Reform Document of Education (FRDE). The research employed an applied mixed method study (qualitative-quantitative) with an exploratory approach. Qualitative stage participants consisted of faculty members of the Islamic Azad University of Tehran, staff specialists of the Ministry of Education, and senior organization managers. The quantitative stage target population comprised all middle school educational managers in Tehran city, from which 335 individuals were selected using the cluster sampling method and Morgan's table. A researcher-designed questionnaire was used to collect data, and structural equation modeling was utilized to analyze the data. The results revealed that six areas were identified concerning the professional competence of the managers of the country's education system. These six areas include personal competence, moral competence, technical competence, administrative competence, organizational competence, and communication competence, each of which had sub-components suitable for the country's school management system's needs and requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study examines the interplay between self-efficacy, resilience, academic engagement, and the mediating role of psychological hardiness among a sample of 182 students at the Islamic Azad University of Bandar Abbas. Furthermore, the study explores the potential mediating role of psychological hardiness in this relationship. Methods: The research investigates the extent to which students' beliefs in their capabilities (self-efficacy) and their ability to adapt and rebound from challenges (resilience) relate to their active participation and involvement in academic activities (academic engagement). Data were collected through self-report questionnaires measuring self-efficacy, resilience, psychological hardiness, and academic engagement. Statistical analyses, including correlation and mediation analyses, were conducted to uncover the complex interactions among these variables. Results: The findings shed light on the pathways through which self-beliefs and psychological strengths influence students' academic engagement. Conclusions: This research contributes to our understanding of the psychological factors that impact students' academic experiences and outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study investigates the interplay between incremental intelligence mindset, motivational beliefs, academic competence, and academic self-efficacy among university students. The primary objective is to explore how these psychological factors collectively influence academic adjustment Methods: In a correlation study, a sample of university students (n=300) from Islamic Azad University of Marvdasht, participated in the research, providing responses to validated selfreport questionnaires. Results: The results reveal that the proposed model, consisting of incremental intelligence mindset, motivational beliefs, and academic competence, significantly explains academic adjustment (F=8.52, p<0.001). Furthermore, the model explains 47.9% of the variance in academic self-efficacy (R-squared=0.49). Specifically, incremental intelligence mindset (ß=0.25, p<0.001), motivational beliefs (ß=0.38, p<0.01), and academic competence (ß=0.23, p<0.010) positively and significantly predict academic self-efficacy. Conclusions: These findings highlight the substantial impact of these factors on students' self-perceived academic efficacy. The implications of these results are profound for educational institutions and practitioners. Understanding the influential role of incremental intelligence mindset, motivational beliefs, and academic competence in shaping academic self-efficacy can inform targeted interventions to enhance students' academic experiences and outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Machine learning can handle an ever-increasing amount of data with the ability to learn models from the data. It has been widely used in a variety of disciplines and is gaining increasingly more attention nowadays. As it is challenging to map soil and hydrological information that are characterised with high spatial and temporal variability, applications of machine learning in soil science and hydrology (AMLSH) have become popularised. To better understand the current state of AMLSH research, a scientific and quantitative approach was performed to statistically analyse publication information from 1973 to 2021 archived in the Scopus database using scientometric analysis tools, including VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the open--source R package "bibliometrix". The results show a significant increase in the number of publications on AMLSH since 2006. The major contributions were identified based on country origins (China, the USA, and India), institutions (Hohai University, Islamic Azad University, and Wuhan University), and journals (Journal of Hydrology, Remote Sensing, and Geoderma). The keywords analysis of the AMLSH research demonstrates four research hotspots: neural network, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and soil. The most frequently utilised machine learning (ML) methods are neural networks, decision trees, random forests and other methods for image processing and predictive analysis. McBratney et al. 2003 is the most highly cited article. Our research sheds light on the research process on AMLSH and concludes with future research perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Many urban planners and designers have considered the topic of the quality of the emotional relationship between man and their place of residence, or place attachment, in recent years. In the past, the relationships between neighborhood residents who knew each other and were aware of each other’s circumstances contributed to healthy, familiar emotional relationships among them. In other words, neighborhoods, being familiar social units, involved profound cultural roots, pursued certain traditions and customs, and even continued the rites and ways of life and the norms and customs inherited from the past. In modern cities, however, kinship, shared religious beliefs, and moral values give way to anonymity and individualism as the emotional bonds of the local community weaken. Over time, neighborhood connections have lost some of their function. Lack of familiarity with people in the neighborhoods, lack of joint activities, and lack of ethnic, linguistic, religious, and cultural ties as firm as before have reduced people’s levels of emotional connection, i.e. their senses of place attachment with their residential neighborhoods. Therefore, this article aimed to provide structural modeling to investigate the aspects effective on attachment to residential areas. Theoretical Framework In recent years, many researchers have examined the aspects of place attachment through structural equation modeling, providing a framework for their classification. Understanding the dimensions of place attachment through structural equation modeling allows researchers to better explore the potentials of this concept and its complexity, which makes up the objective of this study along with identification of the dimensions. The construct of spatial attachment consists of spatial identity, spatial dependence, spatial social bonding, and spatial emotion. Methodology The development of a valid, trustworthy method to measure and evaluate the dimensions of place attachment has been the focus of numerous studies in recent years, with quantity-oriented academics highlighting the multidimensionality of the construct. However, no one, simple scale of measuring is agreed upon by academics and researchers in the field due to the diversity of the methodologies used in the operationalization of the idea and the levels of relevant multi-dimensionality. Because of this significance, this research sought to investigate the dimensions affecting the level of residents’ place attachment. Since this was not easily possible, the indexing technique was used for examination. In this technique, indicators were considered to identify the dimensions, and questions were asked in the questionnaire to measure them. For assessment of the respondents’ opinions about the research topic, their responses were measured with a 5-point Likert scale. Moreover, a simple random sampling method was used to select the sample in the Haft Chenar neighborhood. The sample size was 687, and data analysis was made using the SPSS software version 22. For this purpose, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used. Results and Discussion The findings demonstrated that the level of attachment of the Haft Chenar neighborhood residents is high. On the other hand, the results of the analysis of the structural model of the research supported the hypothesis that place attachment is a quadratic component consisting of the four identified dimensions of spatial identity, spatial affect, spatial dependence, and social connection with the place. It is noteworthy that among all these four dimensions, social connection with the place was identified as the most powerful predictor of place attachment in the research, indicating that the level of social connection in a neighborhood is high, which can directly increase the level of residents’ attachment to the place. Meanwhile, spatial identity received the lowest score for the Haft Chenar neighborhood. Therefore, it seems that residents’ identity to place can be expected to increase due to the experiences formed in the context given that this factor has won the lowest score among the residents, who can realize this by planning and designing an active node and center in the context of these residential neighborhoods and by creating attractive, pleasant places for socializing and embedding community places in the long run. Moreover, a number of solutions were provided for urban planners and designers to increase attachment in the Haft Chenar neighborhood given that these four dimensions of convergent narrative for the structure indicated spatial attachment. Conclusion The spatial attachment model was experimentally tested given spatial attachment as a secondary component and the claim of this research that spatial dependence, spatial identity, spatial affection, and social connection with place constitute different primary dimensions of place attachment. Hence, the validation factor analysis method confirmed the validity of the spatial attachment structure as a quadratic component consisting of four dimensions. As demonstrated by the fitness indices of the model, it is suitable for research data. Acknowledgment This article is taken from Amir Ebrahimi Hasanakloo’s Master’s thesis entitled “Investigation and evaluation of factors affecting the increase of residents’ attachment to residential neighborhoods (with an approach to Haft Chenar neighborhood - District 10 of Tehran)” which was supervised by Dr. Naser Bonyadi and Dr. Atoosa Modiri in the urban planning department of the Islamic Azad University of Central Tehran branch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Fine Arts: Architecture & Urban Planning is the property of University of Tehran, College of Fine Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Vermicompost improves soil physicochemical qualities, lowers pollution, and increases plant stability. An experiment was carried out in a perfectly randomized factorial design with three replications in field conditions at Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch, to investigate the effect of vermicompost on the properties of cut tuberose flowers. Four fertilizer treatments (control, 20%, 25%, and 30%) were used in the experiments. Morphophysiological variables such as bulb sprouting time, stem length, spike length, stem diameter, number of the floret, number of daughter bulbs, flowering time, and vase life were monitored from bulb sprouting to harvest. Vermicompost levels were found to be significant in all measured features. The 30% vermicompost treatment produced the greatest stem length, spike length, number of daughter bulbs, and vase life. When compared to the control, the 30% treatment resulted in a 1.9-fold increase. The maximum number of the floret, 40.33, was also associated with the 20% vermicompost treatment. When compared to the control and other treatments, the 25% vermicompost treatment boosted stem length (9.61 cm) and decreased bulb shooting time (10.7 days) and flowering time (131.3 days after planting). In general, the results showed that the vermicompost treatment increased the growth and bulb characteristics of cut tuberose flowers under the ecological conditions of the Gorgan region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to compare defense mechanisms, impaired emotion regulation and intolerance of uncertainty in students with and without social anxiety. The research method was causal-comparative and statistical population included all students of the Islamic Azad University of Bandar Abbas (Iran). Participants were 120 people (60 students with symptoms of social anxiety disorder and 60 normal students) were selected by simple random sampling. The research instruments included: Social Anxiety Disorder, Defense Styles, Scale of Difficulty in Emotion Regulation, and Intolerance of Uncertainty. Data were analyzed Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). The results indicated that there was a significant difference between two groups in the dimensions of defense mechanisms (developed defense style, immature defense style, and neurotic defense style) (F=6.86, p ≤ 0.05). Also, according to results there was a significant difference between two groups in emotion regulation disorders and their components (rejection of emotional responses, difficulty in performing purposeful behavior, difficulty in controlling impulse, lack of emotional awareness, limited access to emotional regulation strategies, and lack of emotional clarity). In contrast to the average dimension (difficulty in controlling impulse) in normal students is more than students with social anxiety (F=15.86, P ≤ 0.05). According to our results students with symptoms of social anxiety have more stress of uncertainty, negativity of unexpected events, avoidance, and uncertainty about the future compare to normal students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was conducted to investigate the role of implicit vs explicit grammar teaching through teacher scaffolding in the improvement of speaking motivation and self-efficacy among Iranian pre-intermediate EFL learners. To this end, In line with the objectives of the present study, a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test control group design was used. 90 ESP students of architecture and art studying in Azad University of Yazd participated in this study through available sampling. These participants were divided into three groups (explicit, implicit, and control groups). The research instruments employed to collect data for this study were Oxford Placement Test, Hogan and Pressely's (1997) Guidelines for Teacher Scaffolding, Gardner's Attitude/Motivation Test Battery, and General Self-efficacy Scale. The obtained data were analyzed through one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS software. The obtained results indicated that using scaffolding techniques accompanied by explicit/implicit grammar instruction had a significant effect on self-efficacy and motivation of Iranian pre-intermediate EFL learners. Moreover, it was indicated that that using scaffolding techniques accompanied by explicit grammar instruction and implicit grammar instruction were equally effective on self-efficacy and motivation of Iranian pre-intermediate EFL learners. This confirmed that scaffolding techniques have significantly affected self-efficacy and motivation of learners. This study has some implications for teachers and students involved in EFL context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research was done with the aim of presenting the aspects and indices of research and development management for the scholar performance of Islamic Azad university scientific board members of Tehran. As a mixed survey, this research is a combination of the quantitative and qualitative research methods. The qualitative part population is the commentators’ member of scientific board in Islamic Azad University of Tehran and its sample is 14 people of higher education experts that reached theoretical salivation by 10 people. Data analysis method in qualitative part was done using open, axial and selective coding via interview and Delphi fan methods. The results obtained from the qualitative part showed that the named indices were composed of nine scholar literacy, scientific factors, technical and informational skills, methodological literacy, environmental factors, organizational factors, managerial factors, technological factors and individual properties. This way, totally, 9 aspects, 25 indices and 80 categories were finalized to identify the aspects, indices and categories of research and development management for scientific board member scholar performance of university. In total, management and development indices are among the scholar literacy, scientific factors, technical and informational skills, methodological literacy and environmental factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fetal abnormalities can cause axillary artery variations. Recognize and document of these variations are essential for surgeons performing interventional or diagnostic procedures for cardiovascular diseases. During routine dissection of an old female cadaver in the department of anatomy of Islamic Azad University, Tehran of Medical Sciences, we came across a variation in the branching pattern of the left axillary artery. The third part of the left axillary artery gave rise to a common trunk which was divided into the subscapular, lateral thoracic, posterior, and anterior circumflex humeral arteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A woman's subjective happiness is an important predictor of her adjustment to pregnancy. The emotional response and level of happiness of women during pregnancy have a great impact on the continuation of pregnancy and health behaviors during this period. Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of music on the level of happiness in primigravida women. Patients and Methods: The present research is a clinical trial with a pre-test, a post-test, a follow-up, and a control group. The research population included all primigravida women who were referred to the comprehensive health Centers in the city of Sanandaj in the year 2020. A total of 30 primigravida women were selected using a simple random sampling method and were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group listened to music by Kitaro for 45 minutes every night before going to bed for a period of 4 weeks. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire and a checklist for listening to the music were used to collect data. Results: The mean score for happiness in the experimental group increased in the post-test compared with the pretest, but the difference was not significant. However, there was a significant difference between the mean scores for the pre-test and the follow-up stages (p<0.01). The results of the study showed that music can increase the level of happiness in pregnant women. Conclusions: Music could be used by healthcare workers in comprehensive health centers in order to improve happiness in pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The present research aims to examine and offer a model of a cloud-based knowledge-sharing process among the faculty members of Islamic Azad University (IAU). Methods: This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of type of research, it is mixed exploratory, and in terms of research method, it is research-based on grounded theory. For the purpose of the research, all 2800 faculty members of Islamic Azad University (IAU) in the country were studied. To determine the sample size (397 people), a multi-stage sampling method and Cochran's sample size formula were used. In this research, structured interviews and electronic questionnaires were used as research tools in two qualitative and qualitative stages. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the interview with the experts continued until the theoretical adequacy. The pattern of knowledge-sharing behavior was extracted from the data of the qualitative phase of the research. Also, the research employed structural equations (Partial Least Square Model) to analyze the research data, using smartPLS software. Findings: The research findings indicated that there were six effective components connected with the exploratory pattern of knowledge-sharing behavior, which are given below in order of priority: 1. Principal Component; the pivotal component with the factor of organizational maturity level, 2. Causal Conditions; including the management and organizational factors, 3. Strategies; including the factors affecting the development of job security and the improvement of the level of trust across organizations and organizational communication network, 4. Background Conditions; including organizational culture and technological infrastructures 5. Intervening Conditions, including the enhancement of workforce skills, and 6. Consequences. These include the factors affecting the efficiency of human resources and the development of occupational engagement. Similarly, the research results indicated that both the management factor and the organizational factors, as the dual elements of the component causal conditions, influenced the organizational maturity development process. This is because the T-statistic value given the effectiveness of the management factors and the path coefficient equaled 3.666 and 0.21, respectively, which is indicative of the direct positive effects of the management factors on organizational maturity. The organizational factors affected the maturity process directly and positively since the T-statistic value was 6.334 going beyond the absolute value of 1.96, and the path coefficient was 0.327. Conclusions: Organizations can pave the way for the development of organizational maturity if they are in favorable conditions in terms of support from managers and the coordination between cloud computing and knowledge-sharing systems. The implementation of such systems across organizations will result in improved performance of the faculty members and an increased competitive advantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecological behavior is defined as actions which contribute towards environmental preservation and/or conservation. Owing to an increasing awareness in environmental crises, consumers are more sensitive towards green products when making their purchasing decisions. The young generation seems to have a different attitude and belief which enables them to reflect on their choice of green products. The aim of this study is to investigating the determinants and outcomes of ecological behaviors of young consumers in Iran. The population of this study consisted of all students of the main universities of Ardabil city in Iran including University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Islamic Azad University of Ardabil, New Novin Institution of Higher Education and Moghadas Ardabili Institution of Higher Education. According to the unlimited population, the sample size was determined 379 based on the Morgan table, that using non-probability sampling method was selected. Standard questionnaires have been used to measure the research variables. Smart PLS software was used for data analysis. According to the results, environmental knowledge, healthy food and healthy lifestyle have a positive effect on the ecological behaviors of the consumers. Moreover, ecological behaviors of the consumers have a positive effect on green purchase behavior and green purchase intention. This research is one of the few studies that has been conducted on green consumer behavior in developing countries and can provide practical implications for promoting such behaviors in the society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Planting date, density and allelopathic properties are important tools of crop management in controlling weeds in crops. Allelopathy refers to any direct or indirect inhibitory or stimulating effect of one plant on another through the production and release of secondary metabolites in the environment. Two experiments performed separately, in order to investigate the effect of allelopathic properties of rapeseed residues and crop management on the control of rapeseed weeds and its yield. The first experiment was conducted during two agricultural years (2018-2019 and 2019-2020) in a factorial form of a randomized complete block design with 3 replications at the Qarakhil agricultural research station (QaemShahr). The treatments were included: planting date in 3 treatment levels (October 17, November 6 and November 26), seed rate in 3 treatment levels (3, 5 and 7 kg per hectare) and weed management in 2 treatment levels presence of weed (no control) and the absence of weed (control). The second experiment was conducted as a factorial in the form of a completely random design in three repetitions in the research laboratory of the Islamic Azad University, QaemShahr branch in 2020. The experimental treatments included weeds [wild oat (Avena fatua), darnel regrass (Lolium temulentum), phalaris (Phalaris minor)] and charlock mustard (Sinapis arvensis) different concentrations of rapeseed root and stalk extracts (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%). The results of the first experiment showed that, in general, the rapeseed seed yield was affected by the planting date and density, so that the rapeseed seed yield on the delayed planting date (November 26) decreased compared to the first planting date (October 17) by 49 and 59 percent, respectively, in the first and second year of the experiment, and this decrease was more intense in the second year. Also, the results showed that the highest dry weight of weeds was obtained in both years at a density of three kilograms per hectare and in the cultivation of November 26 (except for the highest dry weight of wild oats that was observed in the cultivation of October 17). While the highest weight of seed yield was obtained in both crop years at a density of 7 kg per hectare. The results of the second experiment showed that the extract obtained from the root and stem of the rape plant had a negative and significant effect on the speed, percentage and inhibition of germination in all weeds. However, no significant difference was observed between the concentration of root and stem extracts at the 5% level. A significant negative linear regression relationship was observed between the concentration of the extract (root and stem) with the percentage and speed of germination. Also, a significant positive linear regression relationship was observed between inhibition percentage and extract concentration (root and stem). Therefore, the germination and seedling growth of the seeds of all three weed species had a negative reaction to the concentration of rapeseed extract, but the highest sensitivity was observed in wild oat seeds. Therefore, according to the results, rapeseed extract can be used in the biological control of weeds. In general, the results of two experiments showed that the planting date, density and rapeseed residues can be used effectively in controlling weeds in rapeseed fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lingüística y Literatura is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Using efficient and environmentally friendly techniques for the remediation of heavy metals contaminated soils plays a vital role in sustainable agriculture and public health. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of biosurfactant-producing bacteria to remove Pb from a contaminated soil in the Agriculture Faculty of Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran, in 2019–2020 as a completely randomized design with three replications. The studied treatments were bacterial strain, biosurfactant, and control. Three native strains of bacteria (Bacillus pumilus, Alcanivorax dieselolei, Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus) were used in this study. Considering the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Pb, Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus was selected as the superior strain with respect to resistance to Pb. In order to evaluate the production capacity of biosurfactants in the superior strain, 4 tests (emulsification measurement, oil spreading, drop collapsing, and hemolytic activity) were used, which obviously approved the ability of this strain for biosurfactant production. Furthermore, the results of Pb detoxification by the treatments showed that the biosurfactant treatment had the greatest effect on the Pb removal from the soil compared to other treatments (27.37%), also there was no significant difference between the strain (i.e., Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus) and control treatment. In general, it is concluded that using the abilities of soil bacteria and their metabolites, particularly in contaminated soils, will help researchers and stakeholders to improve soil and crop health and consequently public health, with low cost and high efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Considering the guiding role of the quality of higher education for the development of the country, the present research was conducted with the aim of identifying the effective factors in evaluating the quality of education in Islamic Azad University. Methods: In terms of practical purpose, in terms of qualitative methodology, it was using the Delphi method. In this research, a structured questionnaire, review of documents and theoretical frameworks of experts and national and international experiences have been used. Descriptive statistics and Delphi technique were used in data analysis. In the Delphi section, the selected people were related to the subject and met the entry criteria. Results:In order to verify the validity and reliability of the components, 18 faculty members were selected until theoretical saturation. 10 experts were identified and then 8 others were introduced through 10 experts. 61.1% of the experts were male and 38.9% were female, 1.61% of the experts were faculty members and all of them had doctorate degrees. After two Delphi steps, consensus was established and with Kendall's test and theoretical saturation, the survey of experts was stopped and 71 indicators were confirmed in the form of 29 criteria and 7 factors. Conclusion:7 organizational structure factors, faculty members, students, training courses and curricula, educational and research facilities and equipment, and graduates were identified with their criteria and indicators, and the final model was proposed at the end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of social capital on the student's mental health with the mediation of resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: The research is based on the objective criterion in the applied research group and the data collection method criterion in the survey research group. The statistical population includes the students of the state universities of Tehran and Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch. The sample size was estimated to be 427 people using SPSS SamplePower software. The share of each university was determined by proportional stratified sampling, and then the samples from each stratum were selected by a simple random method. SPSS and AMOS software was used to analyze the data. Results: To investigate the hypotheses, we used the 1-sample t-test, the Pearson correlation, multiple regression analysis, and the structural equation model. According to research, social capital has a significant effect on the resilience and mental health of students, considering that the indirect effect of social capital (through resilience) on mental health has also become significant; therefore resilience variable has a mediating role between social capital and mental health variables. The age variable has a positive and significant relationship with all three variables of social capital, resilience, and mental health, so the variables above increase with age. Conclusion: Considering the importance of social capital, society members can improve their resilience by developing communication networks and being aware of critical conditions to suffer the least psychological and social damage in this pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge management has an increasing role in knowledge-based organizations. Academic libraries have become an essential part of knowledge organizations, and knowledge management is vital. Therefore, this study addresses the challenges of knowledge management processes in Islamic Azad University libraries. This is applied research using the survey-analytical method. The study's statistical population included 60 managers of central libraries at Islamic Azad University. Due to the limited managerial staff, we employed the complete enumeration method. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. The study of eight factors showed that knowledge characteristics, knowledge source, communication channels, time, management, and technological factors had lower scores than the population average, which is a challenge for libraries. Both organizational and personal factors score higher than the population average, which is an opportunity for libraries. It seems that to improve the current situation, the managers of the libraries of the Islamic Azad University need to pay serious attention to the establishment of knowledge management and use the organizational ability and motivated workforce to meet the challenges and improve productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) assumes that inputs and outputs take non-negative real values, in some realworld cases, data are integer-valued. In some situations, rounding a fractional value to the closest integer can lead to a misleading evaluation of efficiency and in some cases may lead to an infeasible projection point. To date, various radial and non-radial models have been presented. This paper proposes a slacks-based non-linear model that guarantees an integer-valued reference point for all integer targets. Also, the reference point of each target is feasible under the proposed model. The lack of a need to round answers to the closest whole value is an advantage of this method. In addition, the results of this model are compared with other models. An example is used to clarify the suggested method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]