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Masters rowing has seen a measurable increase in participation, with masters rowers engaged in the sport for competition, health, and recreation reasons. Unlike other masters sports, masters rowing has a unique high level of synchronous, cooperative, and interdependent elements. To better understand the benefits and challenges of participation in competitive masters rowing, the purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of competitive masters rowers. Twelve competitive masters rowers were recruited and interviewed. Utilizing an interpretative phenomenological analysis approach to guide data collection, analysis, and interpretation, the analysis revealed four major themes: navigating community relationships, finding a reason to row, growing opportunities, and seeking considerate coaches. Utilizing self-determination theory as a framework for interpreting the findings, the identified themes illustrate the varying motivations, needs, and preferences of competitive masters rowers, as well as how their experiences are influenced by their coaches and peers. Efforts should be made by masters rowing coaches and administrators to better understand the needs of their athletes to ensure the maximum benefits of participation, commitment, and enjoyment of the sport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presumably to reduce cyberbullying and promote mental health, online influencers often limit viewers' ability to post social media comments. In this research, the authors find that influencers incur significant interpersonal and professional repercussions for doing so. Across seven studies, including a Twitter dataset and six experiments utilizing both consequential and hypothetical dependent measures, the authors find that consumers form more negative impressions of and are less persuaded by influencers who disable social media comments. These outcomes are driven by the perception that the influencer is less receptive to consumer voice (e.g., consumers' thoughts, opinions, and suggestions) and, thus, less sincere. However, the authors find that this effect is mitigated in situations where consumers believe that it is reasonable for influencers to prioritize self-protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been claimed that the HR "profession" suffers from a chronic shortage of social legitimacy. In this article, we advance the idea that HR is also to some extent subject to public stigmatization for being immoral. In other words, we maintain that certain aspects of contemporary HR work can be conceptualized as morally dirty work. We provide empirical support for this contention by analyzing a set of 28 films portraying HR practitioners at work. The research results comprise both task‐related and method‐related filmic representations of HR work as immoral, thus furnishing a comprehensive and nuanced picture of the moral issues that can affect the HR profession. Furthermore, the results show that some of the HR characters analyzed—typically those who hold a role as (co‐)protagonists in the story—realize the immorality affecting their work and decide to distance themselves from it by either exiting the role, trying to reform it, or openly raising resistance against their employer. These research results suggest the need to integrate dirty work scholarship into study of the HR profession, while they provide important indications in terms of future HR research, practice and education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Negative performance feedback is vital for stimulating employees to enhance their performance despite resulting in stress and adverse work outcomes. Fortunately, artificial intelligence (AI)‐enabled automated agents have gradually assumed certain functions led by human leaders, such as providing feedback. Drawing from regulatory focus theory, we propose that AI‐based feedback systems can serve as a "remediation" tool, effectively mitigating employees' apprehensions about receiving negative feedback. In two studies, we found that for employees who fear losing face, AI‐based negative feedback motivates promotion‐focused cognition—motivation to learn—representing a learning mechanism to promote job performance and impedes their prevention‐focused cognition—interpersonal rumination—reducing the depletion needed for job performance. These findings present novel perspectives on using AI in performance feedback. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Numerous studies showed an effect of weather on physical activity (PA) levels in children. However, no study has yet examined the relevance of personal factors in this relationship. Therefore, this study analyzes (1) whether there are systematic interindividual differences in the extent to which weather affects the PA behavior and (2) whether physical literacy (PL) moderates the weather–PA association in children. Methods: A total of 951 children in 12 Danish schools (age 9.76 [1.59] y; 54.3% girls) completed objective PA assessments via accelerometry (moderate to vigorous PA, light PA, and sedentary behavior). Local weather data (precipitation, wind speed, temperature, and sunshine duration) were provided by the Danish Meteorological Institute. Participants' PL was measured employing the Danish version of the Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy-2. The 4116 accelerometer days underwent longitudinal multilevel analyses while considering their nesting into pupils and school classes (n = 51). Results: Fluctuations in all PA indicators were significantly explained by variations in weather conditions, especially precipitation (P ≤.035). Significant interindividual differences were found for 9 of 12 analytical dimensions, suggesting that weather changes influence PA behavior differently across individuals (especially moderate to vigorous PA, χ2[4] ≥ 11.5, P ≤.021). However, PL moderated the relationship between weather and PA in only 2 of the 48 analytical constellations. Conclusions: Despite the varying impact of weather on PA across individuals, the present study favors a main effect model in which weather and PL exert independent effects on children's PA. The insufficient support for PL as a moderating factor calls for future studies to test alternative mechanisms in the weather–PA association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relationship‐oriented human resource management (HRM) contributes to organizational functioning by promoting employee relationships, coordination, and cooperation. We propose unit‐level positive affective climate as a motivational mechanism through which relationship‐oriented HR systems can positively influence unit service quality and relationships with beneficiaries, and prevent individual emotional exhaustion. Moreover, we propose collective occupational calling serves as an alternative motivational source that can substitute for the positive effects of positive affective climate. In analyzing a sample composed of 742 nurses from 48 nursing units of two hospitals in China with data collection at three time points before and after the COVID‐19 outbreak, our results supported the substituting effects of unit‐level collective occupational calling on positive affective climate stemmed from relationship‐oriented HR systems. Our study connects strategic HRM and motivation research by shedding light on an affective mechanism from relationship‐oriented HR systems and the contingencies involving employees' various sources of motivation, such as occupational calling. We further discuss theoretical and practical implications of the research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human resource (HR) managers hire conscientious employees because they are both productive and are viewed as upholding high ethical standards due to their propensity to engage in voice. Organizations may strive to create a work context conducive to all employees acting ethically, not just conscientious ones, by centralizing decision‐making authority and promoting formalization through a higher hierarchy of authority. Yet, we propose that from the social information processing perspective, in higher hierarchy of authority contexts, peers may view their highly conscientious colleagues as less ethical. We hypothesize these effects through the lens of trait activation theory, according to which in a higher hierarchy of authority context, others are less likely to notice the voice behaviors of conscientious employees. Problematically, when others fail to notice conscientious employees' voice, they may perceive these workers as being less ethical. We tested our hypothesized moderated mediation model in a matched sample of employees (N = 820), their supervisors (N = 445), and peers (N = 529). As predicted, hierarchy of authority moderated the positive relationship between conscientiousness and voice, which in turn explained others' perceptions of their ethicality. Conscientiousness was positively related to peer assessments of ethicality via promotive (not prohibitive) voice when hierarchy of authority was lower (but not higher), partially supporting our hypotheses. These results suggest HR practitioners should be cognizant of the differential evaluations of highly conscientious employees in contexts with different levels of hierarchy of authority, and continuing challenges associated with balancing flexibility and formalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVES: Implicit bias perpetuates health care inequities and manifests in patient-provider interactions, particularly nonverbal social cues like dominance. We investigated the use of artificial intelligence (AI) for automated communication assessment and feedback during primary care visits to raise clinician awareness of bias in patient interactions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: (1) Assessed the technical performance of our AI models by building a machine-learning pipeline that automatically detects social signals in patient-provider interactions from 145 primary care visits. (2) Engaged 24 clinicians to design usable AI-generated communication feedback for their workflow. (3) Evaluated the impact of our AI-based approach in a prospective cohort of 108 primary care visits. RESULTS: Findings demonstrate the feasibility of AI models to identify social signals, such as dominance, warmth, engagement, and interactivity, in nonverbal patient-provider communication. Although engaged clinicians preferred feedback delivered in personalized dashboards, they found nonverbal cues difficult to interpret, motivating social signals as an alternative feedback mechanism. Impact evaluation demonstrated fairness in all AI models with better generalizability of provider dominance, provider engagement, and patient warmth. Stronger clinician implicit race bias was associated with less provider dominance and warmth. Although clinicians expressed overall interest in our AI approach, they recommended improvements to enhance acceptability, feasibility, and implementation in telehealth and medical education contexts. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Findings demonstrate promise for AI-driven communication assessment and feedback systems focused on social signals. Future work should improve the performance of this approach, personalize models, and contextualize feedback, and investigate system implementation in educational workflows. This work exemplifies a systematic, multistage approach for evaluating AI tools designed to raise clinician awareness of implicit bias and promote patient-centered, equitable health care interactions.

Individuals befriend others who are similar to them. One important source of similarity in relationships is similarity in felt emotion. In the present study, we used novel methods to assess whether greater similarity in the multivoxel brain representation of affective stimuli was associated with adolescents proximity within real-world school-based social networks. We examined dyad-level neural similarity within a set of brain regions associated with the representation of affect including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), amygdala, insula, and temporal pole. Greater proximity was associated with greater vmPFC neural similarity during pleasant and neutral experiences. Moreover, we used unsupervised clustering on social networks to identify groups of friends and observed that individuals from the same (versus different) friend groups were more likely to have greater vmPFC neural similarity during pleasant and negative experiences. These findings suggest that similarity in the multivoxel brain representation of affect may play an important role in adolescent friendships.

Ethnic-racial identity (ERI) development is consequential for youth adjustment and includes exploration, resolution, and affect about the meaning of ones ethnic-racial group membership. Little is known about how identity-relevant experiences, such as ethnic-racial socialization and discrimination in peer relationships and school contexts, catalyze adolescent ERI development. The present study examines how identity-relevant experiences in friend and school contexts (i.e., proportion of same-ethnoracial friends, cultural socialization among friends, friends ERI dimensions, friends experiences of ethnoracial discrimination, and school promotion of cultural competence and critical consciousness) are associated with ERI development. A multivariate path model with a sample from four southwestern U.S. schools (N = 717; 50.5% girls; Mage = 13.76; 32% Latinx, 31.5% Multiethnic, 25.7% White, 11% other) was used to test these associations. Findings showed that friend and school predictors of ERI did not differ between early and middle adolescents, but significant differences and similarities emerged in some of these associations between ethnoracially minoritized and White youth. Specifically, friend cultural socialization was positively associated with ERI exploration for ethnoracially minoritized youth only, whereas school critical consciousness socialization was positively linked with ERI exploration only for White youth. Friend cultural socialization and friend networks levels of ERI resolution were positively associated with ERI resolution across both ethnoracial groups. These friend and school socialization associations were documented above and beyond significant contributions of personal ethnoracial discrimination to ERI exploration and negative affect for both ethnoracially minoritized and White youth. These findings expand our understanding of how friend and school socialization mechanisms are associated with adolescent ERI development, which is vital to advancing developmental theory and fostering developmental competences for youth to navigate their multicultural yet socially stratified and inequitable world.

This editorial discusses the key factors behind successful research collaborations. The editors of the 'Academy of Management Journal' conducted a survey among a randomly selected group of their authors to understand their collaboration experiences. According to the survey results, essential elements for successful collaboration, irrespective of location, include selecting the right partners, establishing clear expectations, meticulously managing the process, maintaining frequent and transparent communication, and ensuring equal access to data and participation in the analysis. Additionally, the respondents noted that being receptive to diverse ideas and suggestions enhances the quality of collaboration.

In August 2023, the biomechanics community suffered a significant loss with the death of Dr Charles J. Dillman. His work in the area of sport biomechanics was groundbreaking. In this tribute, 10 former students and 9 former colleagues remember "Chuck" and his impact on their lives, careers, and the field of biomechanics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Student employment in campus recreation allows students to gain transferable skills. Previous studies show that students employed in specialized program areas have different experiences. Addressing the gap in research, the purpose of the study was to (a) understand the relationship between leadership development, effective communication, and meaningful interpersonal relationships of student group fitness instructors and (b) investigate if student instructors' leadership development was associated with their work experience and demographics. A total of 111 student group fitness instructors from 17 different NIRSA institutions completed an electronic questionnaire in the fall of 2021. The results of multiple regression showed both building meaningful relationships and gaining communication skills were significant predictors for students' leadership development, while the interpersonal relationship was a stronger predictor than communication skills. The study also indicated that student group fitness instructors perceived similar leadership development, regardless of their demographics and working experience in campus recreation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivation in general, and social motivation in particular are important for interpersonal functioning in individuals with schizophrenia. Still, their roles after accounting for social cognition, are not well understood. The sample consisted of 147 patients with schizophrenia. General motivation was measured using the Behavioral inhibition/activation scale (BIS/BAS). Social motivation was measured by Passive social withdrawal and Active social avoidance items from PANSS. Interpersonal functioning was evaluated with Birchwoods Social Functioning Scale (SFS). We used Exploratory Graph Analysis for network estimation and community detection. Active social avoidance, passive social withdrawal, and social withdrawal/engagement (from SFS) were the most important nodes. In addition, three distinct communities were identified: Social cognition, Social motivation, and Interpersonal functioning. Notably, the BIS and BAS measures of general motivation were not part of any community. BAS showed stronger links to functioning than BIS. Passive social withdrawal was more strongly linked to interpersonal functioning than social cognitive abilities. Results suggest that social motivation, especially social approach, is more closely related to interpersonal functioning in schizophrenia than general motivation. In contrast, we found that general motivation was largely unrelated to social motivation. This pattern highlights the importance of type of motivation for understanding variability in interpersonal difficulties in schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVES: Eating disorders (EDs) typically emerge during adolescence. Parental bonding has a lasting impact on a childs mental health during those developmentally critical years. There remains uncertainty over whether parental bonding is a risk factor for developing or maintaining specifically EDs or, rather, general psychopathology and the associated underlying brain function. METHODS: Forty-one young adult healthy control individuals (HC, 26.6 ± 3.5 years) and 46 individuals with EDs (25 with anorexia nervosa, AN, 22.8 ± 6.4 years, and 21 with bulimia nervosa, BN, 23.5 ± 4.2 years) completed the parental bonding instrument (PBI), assessments for anxiety, depression, and ED behaviors, and underwent a conditioning paradigm during brain imaging. RESULTS: In both groups, perceived parental care and overprotection were correlated with state and trait anxiety and interpersonal alienation, and in HC only, with body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness. Individuals with an ED reported lower self-perceived parental care, but higher overprotection compared to the HC group. Nucleus accumbens (NAc) response was related to bonding measures in both groups and right NAc response mediated the relationship between maternal care and trait anxiety in HC. CONCLUSIONS: Perceived parental bonding is associated with general psychopathology, including elevated anxiety and interpersonal difficulties across HC and ED groups. Lower perceived parental care and higher overprotection could predispose healthy individuals to develop problems with body shape or weight; however, other, maybe biological factors may determine whether a person will develop an ED. The link between perceived parental bonding, NAc valence processing and anxiety implicates dopaminergic circuits that should be studied further. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III: Case-control analytic study.

This paper investigates the potential of the Gamified Metaverse as a platform for promoting library services. The study compares the effectiveness of a traditional library program with a Metaverse- based library program in terms of knowledge acquisition and library anxiety. The research also examines students' perceptions of implementing gamification within the context of the Gamified Metaverse platform. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, including pre- and post-test analysis, statistical analysis, and qualitative data collection. The results indicate that both the traditional and Metaverse-based library programs effectively increased the participants' knowledge, with no significant difference between the two approaches. However, the Metaverse-based program was found to be less effective in facilitating interaction with librarians and reducing library anxiety. Additionally, students expressed positive perceptions of implementing gamification in the Gamified Metaverse platform, finding it engaging and motivating. These findings contribute to the understanding of the effect of the Metaverse as a tool for promoting library services and enhancing knowledge acquisition. However, it is not as effective in reducing library anxiety, particularly in terms of interaction with librarians and staff. It should be noted that the platform may have limitations such as high costs and potential side effects of virtual reality, making it more suitable as an additional tool for promoting library services, taking into account its feasibility and potential benefits for specific student populations and larger libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Networks, Labour and Migration among Indian Muslim Artisans" by Thomas Chambers is an ethnography that explores the lives of Muslim artisan woodworkers in Saharanpur, India. The study focuses on their workshops, migration patterns, and the importance of friendships and social ties in their working lives. The article highlights the decline of the industry, the role of Muslim identity in employment opportunities, and the impact of Gulf migration on class differentiation. The author also discusses the contrast between migrant artisans from Uttar Pradesh and returnee migrants from Kerala, as well as the relationship between material constraints and cultural factors in shaping class consciousness. [Extracted from the article]

People often interact with groups (i.e., ensembles) during social interactions. Given that group-level information is important in navigating social environments, we expect perceptual sensitivity to aspects of groups that are relevant for personal threat as well as social belonging. Most ensemble perception research has focused on visual ensembles, with little research looking at auditory or vocal ensembles. Across four studies, we present evidence that (i) perceivers accurately extract the sex composition of a group from voices alone, (ii) judgments of threat increase concomitantly with the number of men, and (iii) listeners sense of belonging depends on the number of same-sex others in the group. This work advances our understanding of social cognition, interpersonal communication, and ensemble coding to include auditory information, and reveals peoples ability to extract relevant social information from brief exposures to vocalizing groups.

Social interactions unfold within networks of relationships. How do beliefs about others social ties shape-and how are they shaped by-expectations about how others will behave? Here, participants joined a fictive online game-playing community and interacted with its purported members, who varied in terms of their trustworthiness and apparent relationships with one another. Participants were less trusting of partners with untrustworthy friends, even after they consistently showed themselves to be trustworthy, and were less willing to engage with them in the future. To test whether people not only expect friends to behave similarly but also expect those who behave similarly to be friends, an incidental memory test was given. Participants were exceptionally likely to falsely remember similarly behaving partners as friends. Thus, people expect friendship to predict similar behavior and vice versa. These results suggest that knowledge of social networks and others behavioral tendencies reciprocally interact to shape social thought and behavior.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Older adults maintain ties to long-duration social partners, some with whom have regular contact and some with whom have little contact. We asked whether these ties with little contact still offer a sense of connection and security, and buffer the effects of interpersonal stress in daily life. Helping older adults foster these ties may improve their mental health. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Participants (n = 313) aged 65+ completed a baseline interview reporting duration and contact frequency of their closest ties. Then, participants completed ecological momentary assessments every 3 hr for 5-6 days, reporting their social encounters and mood. RESULTS: We classified ties according to duration (10+ years = long vs shorter duration) and frequency of contact (at least once a month = active vs dormant). Throughout the day, participants were more likely to have stressful encounters with long-duration active ties. Encounters with active ties were associated with more positive mood (regardless of duration) and encounters with long-duration dormant ties with more negative mood. Having more active ties buffered effects of interpersonal stress on mood, but more long-duration dormant ties exacerbated these effects. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Supporting social integration theory, ties with frequent contact were associated with positive mood. Surprisingly, long-duration ties with infrequent contact exacerbated effects of interpersonal stress on mood. Older adults who lack contact with long-duration social partners may be more sensitive to interpersonal stress. Future interventions might focus on phone or electronic media to increase contact with long-duration social partners.

This study examined the relationship between loneliness, sedentary behavior, physical exercise, and social participation in Chinese older adults, and provided ideas to formulate preventive strategies that can help reduce loneliness. Data on demographics, health behavior, social participation, and loneliness were collected from a cross-sectional study of 629 older adults in Hefei, Anhui province, from June to August 2020. After adjusting for age, income, religion, marital status, and chronic illness demographic variables, sedentary behavior (β = 0.111, SE = 0.671, p =.001), physical exercise (β = −0.229, SE = 0.358, p <.001), and social participation (β = −0.329, SE = 0.086, p <.001) were found to be significantly correlated with loneliness in older adults. These findings suggest that a higher level of loneliness may be linked to greater sedentary behavior, less social engagement, and decreased physical exercise among older men and women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Work in the gig economy is championed by platform organizations as affording individuals the flexibility to decide when, where, and how much they wish to work. The reality is more complex. In app‐based gig work, we propose the concept of "algorithmic HRM control," which acts as an omnipresent and distinctive control system that differs from traditional forms of control in two significant ways: first, the reliance upon, and pervasiveness of, algorithmic technologies in its enactment; and second, the substantial direct and indirect influence of non‐organizational parties in controlling workers. Through a qualitative research design, this article delineates the scope of algorithmic HRM control in allocating and coordinating tasks, managing performance and rewards, and aligning the actions of workers with organizational objectives. Our analysis also unpacks the rigidity and complexities of the control system, as experienced by workers, and the influential role of non‐organizational parties in exerting unique, distinct forms of control. In so doing, we build upon emerging research on the duality of algorithmic HRM by revealing the inherent flaws or challenges from the perspective of the most central party—the gig worker. While output‐oriented control is pervasive, process and normative control elements are also found to exist in some scenarios, creating significant concerns for workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both men and women who violate gender stereotypes incur backlashes, or penalties, for these transgressions. However, men who engage in warm, communal behaviors occasionally receive a boost (or benefit) for this female‐stereotyped behavior. To understand how and why warmth and gender interact to predict backlashes or boosts, we integrate uncertainty reduction theory with the stereotype content model and examine warmth by gender interactions. In our first study (a field examination of job seekers), we find that men receive a boost in hireability (i.e., an increased likelihood of obtaining a job offer) for exhibiting gender incongruent (i.e., high) levels of warmth, but women do not receive a backlash in hireability for exhibiting gender incongruent (i.e., low) levels of warmth. In our second study (a laboratory experiment), we replicate and extend these findings by elucidating why they occur: warmth reduces relational uncertainty for male, but not female, applicants. In our third study (another laboratory experiment), we again replicate and extend our findings by identifying when these effects are stronger: in male‐dominated roles. Our investigation suggests that the valence of the gender stereotype violation matters when it comes to hiring decisions. Indeed, we find that displaying warmth appears to promote, rather than impede, career outcomes for men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identifying factors that influence physical activity (PA) among individuals with Down syndrome is essential for PA promotion. Insight can be gained from guardians and health professionals. The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of guardians and health professionals on facilitators and barriers of PA in individuals with Down syndrome. Interviews were conducted with 11 guardians (five mothers, four fathers, and two legal guardians) and 11 professionals (four PA specialists, three physical therapists, and four occupational therapists). Grounded theory was applied. Barriers and facilitators fit the levels of the ecological model of health behavior: (a) intrapersonal (perceived rewards), (b) interpersonal (interaction), (c) community (availability of programs), (d) organizational (school systems), and (e) policy (education). Guardians and professionals agreed on the importance of enjoyment, interaction, and programs to promote PA. Differences between groups were identified at the organizational and policy levels. PA in persons with Down syndrome is influenced by interactions between individual and environmental factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Instructors in organized physical activity classes can be a source of social support through their relationships with participants, influence on participants' interactions with each other, and design of activities. Grounded in interpretive description, the objective of this study was to examine older adults' experiences of and their perspectives on group physical activity instructors' supportive behaviors. Observations of 16 group physical activity classes (N = 295) and focus groups or interviews with N = 38 class participants aged ≥ 55 (n = 29 women) were conducted at four municipal recreation facilities in a Canadian city. Five themes shed light on how instructors provided social support: (a) supporting autonomous engagement, (b) developing caring connections, (c) fostering trust through expert instruction, (d) managing conflict directly and effectively, and (e) creating a climate where people want to go. Instructor training should consider older adults' social support needs and help instructors embody behaviors that support continued physical activity participation, thereby contributing to healthy aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RationaleHIV and cardiometabolic disorders including hypertension and diabetes pose a serious double threat in Malawi. Supportive couple relationships may be an important resource for managing these conditions. According to the theory of communal coping, couples will more effectively manage illness if they view the illness as "our problem" (shared illness appraisal) and are united in shared behavioral efforts.MethodsThis study qualitatively investigated communal coping of 25 couples living with HIV and hypertension or diabetes in Zomba, Malawi. Partners were interviewed separately regarding relationship quality, shared illness appraisal, communal coping, and dyadic management of illness.ResultsMost participants (80%) were living with HIV, and more than half were also living with hypertension. Most participants expressed high levels of unity and the view that illness was "our problem." In some couples, partners expected but did not extend help and support and reported little collaboration. Communal coping and dyadic management were strongly gendered. Some women reported a one-sided support relationship in which they gave but did not receive support. Women were also more likely to initiate support interactions and offered more varied support than men. In couples with poor relationship quality and weak communal coping, dyadic management of illness was also weak. Partner support was particularly crucial for dietary changes, as women typically prepared meals for the entire family. Other lifestyle changes that could be supported or hindered by a partner included exercise, stress reduction, and medication adherence.ConclusionWe conclude that gendered power imbalances may influence the extent to which couple-level ideals translate into actual communal coping and health behaviors. Given that spouses and families of patients are also at risk due to shared environments, we call for a shift from an illness management paradigm to a paradigm of optimizing health for spouses and families regardless of diabetes or hypertension diagnosis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and sociodemographic associations of online dating in a demographically diverse U.S. national cohort of early adolescents.MethodsWe analyzed cross-sectional data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (Year 2, 2018-2020, ages 11-12; N = 10,157). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to estimate associations between sociodemographic factors (e.g., age, sex, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, household income, parental education) and early adolescent-reported online dating behaviors.ResultsOverall, 0.4% (n = 38) of participants reported ever using a dating app. Males (AOR 2.72, 95% CI 1.11-6.78) had higher odds of online dating compared to females, and sexual minority identification (e.g., lesbian, gay, or bisexual; AOR 12.97, 95% CI 4.32-38.96) was associated with greater odds of online dating compared to heterosexual identification.ConclusionGiven the occurrence of online dating among early adolescents despite age restrictions, interventions might address age misrepresentation. Adolescent sexual health education may consider incorporating anticipatory guidance on online dating, especially for males and sexual minorities. Future research could further investigate online dating patterns from early to late adolescence and associated health effects.

The management of large common-pool resources, like fisheries and forests, is more difficult when more people and more communities can access them-a particular problem given increased population sizes, higher mobility and globalized trade in the Anthropocene. Social relationships spanning communities, such as kin relationships, business or trade relationships and friendships, can make management even more challenging by facilitating and transmitting norms of overharvesting. However, these long-distance relationships can also bolster management by transmitting norms for sustainability, promoting interdependence and laying the groundwork for nested management systems. Here, we review the negative and positive impacts of long-distance relationships on local natural resource management (NRM), providing illustrative examples from our field research on forest and fisheries management in Tanzania. Drawing on the evolutionary literature, the development literature and our field data, we offer suggestions for how development partners can avoid the pitfalls of long-distance relationships and how they can use or even deliberately foster long-distance relationships to promote successful local NRM. This article is part of the theme issue Evolution and sustainability: gathering the strands for an Anthropocene synthesis.

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This study aims to examine decision factors for global sourcing, differentiated into transcontinental and continental sourcing to obtain insight into locational aspects of sourcing decisions and global trends. This study analyzed various country perceptions to reveal their influence on sourcing decisions. The country of origin (COO) theory explains why certain country perceptions and images influence purchasing experts in their selection of suppliers. Design/methodology/approach: This study used a two-study approach. In Study 1, the authors conducted discrete choice card experiments with 71 purchasing experts located in Europe and the USA to examine the importance of essential decision factors for global sourcing. Given the clear evidence that location is a factor in sourcing decisions, in Study 2 the authors investigated purchasers' perceptions and images of countries, adding country ranking experiments on various perceived characteristics such as quality, price and technology. Findings: Study 1 provides evidence that the purchasers' personal relationship with the supplier plays a decisive role in the supplier selection process. While product quality and location impact sourcing decisions, the attraction of the buying company and cultural barriers are less significant. Interestingly, however, these factors seem as important as price to respondents. This implies that a strong relationship with suppliers and good quality products are essential aspects of a reliable and robust supply chain in the post-COVID-19 era. Examining the locational aspect in detail, Study 2 linked the choice card experiments with country ranking experiments. In this study, the authors found that purchasing experts consider that transcontinental countries such as Japan and China offer significant advantages in terms of price and technology. China has enhanced its quality, which is recognizable in the country ranking experiments. Therefore, decisions on global sourcing are not just based on such high-impact factors as price and availability; country perceptions are also influential. Additionally, the significance of the locational aspect could be linked to certain country images of transcontinental suppliers, as the COO theory describes. Originality/value: The new approach divides global sourcing into transcontinental and European sourcing to evaluate special decision factors and link these factors to the locational aspect of sourcing decisions. To deepen the clear evidence for the locational aspect and investigate the possible influence of country perceptions, the authors applied the COO theory. This approach enabled authors to show the strong influence of country perception on purchasing departments, which is represented by the locational effect. Hence, the success of transcontinental countries relies not only on factors such as their availability but also on the purchasers' positive perceptions of these countries in terms of technology and price. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Masculinity has always been a delicate theme. Men frequently believe that they are being tested in this perspective as they feel that the quality shows itself through the conventional convictions to stay away from any type of judgment. The reason for masculinity thinking in Filipino undergraduates within relationships is the mindset that men ought to continuously be extremely forthright and not show any of their weak side; since the public might believe that it is as well "ladylike" or "delicate" for a developed man to show any of these profound ways of behaving. In this study, six (6) college students have been chosen according to their gender, marital status, and location. A semi-structured interview was conducted, and it has revealed that through personal experience and significant time spent communicating with their partners during relationship conflicts, men have realized that they should exert more effort in showing their affections for their partners without restricting them. However, further studies in exploring the shift of the definition of masculinity in relationships on a more comprehensive level is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the comparative effectiveness of group and individual cognitive therapy interventions in reducing anti-social behaviors and enhancing responsibility among adolescents. Methods and Materials: Forty-five male adolescents aged 12 to 18 years from Sari, Iran, were randomly assigned to group cognitive therapy, individual cognitive therapy, or a control group. Participants completed pre-test and posttest assessments of anti-social behaviors and responsibility using standardized measures. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and pairwise comparison t-tests were conducted to evaluate treatment effects. Findings: Both group and individual cognitive therapy interventions yielded significant reductions in anti-social behaviors (Group CT: M_pre = 26.35, M_post = 19.65; Individual CT: M_pre = 25.80, M_post = 18.90) and increases in responsibility (Group CT: M_pre = 30.10, M_post = 35.25; Individual CT: M_pre = 29.85, M_post = 35.60) from pre-test to post-test (p < 0.001). Pairwise comparison t-tests indicated significant differences between intervention groups and the control group in both outcome variables (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The findings suggest that both group and individual cognitive therapy interventions are effective in addressing anti-social behaviors and promoting responsibility among adolescents. These results underscore the potential of cognitive therapy approaches to improve behavioral functioning and enhance adolescents' well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aimed to excavate the entry advices and suggestions for new‐graduate nurses. Background: Research based on social media analysis for advices to new‐graduate nurses is rare. We conducted a detailed analysis and modularization of the relevant contents based on social media. Design: A grounded theory study based on social media content. Methods: The answers to questions such like "What's your advices and suggestions for new‐graduate nurses?" on a famous social media platform in China were searched, collected, coded, and analyzed until September 2023. Results: Four core category modules including professional knowledge module, professional ability module, socialization and interpersonal communication module, and personal trait module were established. The theoretical framework of 21 main categories was also established. Conclusion: Social media contents provide valuable and experienced advices and suggestions for new‐graduate nurses in an efficient and convenient way. The analysis of these contents is helpful for new‐graduate nurse education and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article delves into the complexities of altruistic surrogacy in Falguni Kothari's novel, "The Object of Your Affections," examining themes of kinship, societal expectations, and individual aspirations. It challenges the distinction between altruistic and commercial surrogacy, highlighting blurred boundaries and critiquing societal emphasis on heterosexual reproduction. The analysis is grounded in theoretical frameworks of gift exchange and reciprocity, shedding light on the intricate dynamics of surrogacy arrangements. The narrative explores tensions between personal desires and societal pressures, emphasizing ethical dilemmas and emotional struggles inherent in surrogacy, both commercial and altruistic. [Extracted from the article]

Introduction: PrEP, a highly effective HIV prevention measure, provides autonomy to individuals in managing their HIV acquisition vulnerability. Despite its availability in tenofovir-based oral pills and injectable cabotegravir formulations, PrEP uptake among Black cisgender women in the U.S. South, a region with a high HIV burden, remains critically low. This demographic faces a disproportionately high rate of new HIV diagnoses, yet fewer than 10% of women in the US who could benefit from PrEP are currently receiving it. Methods: Utilizing a critical realism interpretative framework, this narrative review employed a tri-level analysis strategy to examine the empirical, actual, and real domains influencing PrEP implementation among Black women in the Southern U.S. The empirical level refers to observable events and data (e.g., PrEP uptake rates), the actual level encompasses experiences and actions that may not always be directly observed (e.g., healthcare interactions and community engagement), and the real level involves the deeper structures and mechanisms (e.g., systemic racism and cultural narratives) that shape these outcomes. A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed literature from PubMed and other sources was conducted to identify barriers and facilitators to PrEP uptake in this population. Results: The analysis revealed significant barriers, including structural violence, socioeconomic disparities, medical mistrust, stigma, and inadequate healthcare policies. Empirical data showed variability in PrEP awareness and interest among Black women, while actual experiences highlighted misaligned marketing strategies, financial constraints, and interpersonal dynamics. At the real level, underlying mechanisms such as systemic racism and cultural narratives were identified as critical impediments to PrEP uptake. Discussion: Addressing these multifaceted barriers requires a comprehensive, multi-level approach that integrates personalized, community-centric strategies. Emphasizing the need for healthcare providers, community leaders, researchers, and policymakers to collaborate, the review proposes actionable strategies to enhance PrEP implementation, focusing on education, structural reforms, and policy changes to improve access and acceptability among Black women in the South. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In comparison to resident fathers, non-resident fathers face formidable challenges in maintaining a consistent presence in their children's lives. Such challenges tend to exist on multiple contextual levels--intrapersonal, interpersonal, neighborhood, community, cultural, and societal. We conducted semi-structured, qualitative interviews with a sample of eight participants who identified as an African American, biological, non-resident father to at least one child, ages 5–17. We explored barriers and facilitators to their involvement on five contextual levels—self, co-parenting, family, social/community, and societal. We employed a phenomenological methodology which revealed numerous barriers to involvement with children, including the father's own personal lived experiences, conflictual co-parenting and family dynamics, engagement in the street lifestyle, and challenges with parenting across multiple households. Findings also revealed several supports to involvement with children, including the father's determination to be involved and growth mindset toward fathering, positive and supportive co-parenting relationships, family support, and fatherhood programs. The results of this study are intended to provide contextually-based insights for service providers that can be translated into service delivery and applied to programs that focus on eliminating barriers and increasing supports to father involvement, thereby improving child well-being and enhancing family functioning. Highlights: Using a phenomenological methodology, we identified barriers and supports to non-resident African American father involvement with children. Barriers and supports existed on four contextual levels: (1) self, (2) co-parenting, (3) family, and (4) social and community. Barriers included the father's lived experiences (i.e., parenting fears and insecurities and incarceration), co-parenting and family dynamics (i.e., co-parenting conflict and parenting across multiple households), and the street lifestyle. Facilitators included the father's determination to be involved, a growth mindset, positive and supportive co-parenting relationships, family support, and fatherhood programs. We offer a conceptual ecological framework to assist service providers in their work with non-resident African American fathers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives In conversations about expanding age-friendly ecosystems, the concept of "age-friendliness" has not been explored in relation to residential settings. Research Design and Methods This multiple-case study compared four residents' perspectives on the age-friendliness of a retirement and assisted living community, combining individual semi-structured interviews with observational data and organizational document analyses in a contextualist thematic examination. Results Three themes depict (A) existing experiences of the setting as "age-friendly" and the tension of the built design vs. identity; (B) resident-to-resident microaggressions, delineated into 4 subthemes including identity-related, intergenerational, condition-related microaggressions, and their influence on social isolation; and (C) desired experiences of the setting as "age-friendly" reflecting the social design. In cases of visibly perceptible diversity (white cane, darker skin tone), residents fared worse in experiencing microaggressions stemming from ableism, racism, and age differences. Conversely, in cases of visibly imperceptible diversity, residents had more positive or entirely positive experiences. Although the setting met many environmental and healthcare needs, it lacked design factors prioritizing meaningful social relationships among residents, affecting social isolation. Discussion and Implications Resident-to-resident social relationships were key in the experience of a retirement and assisted living community as age-friendly. Resident-to-resident microaggressions undermined perceptions of the community as age-friendly, and influenced social isolation. We reflect on the organizational role in mitigating against negative social relationships and social isolation to maximize dignity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we apply a social exchange theoretical approach to the study of rejection. We investigate how the explicit refusal and acceptance of offered resources affect reciprocal exchanges. We distinguish contexts with explicit communication of refusal from contexts in which refusal is uncommunicated or concealed and investigate how context and the actual experience of refusal affect reciprocal social exchange behaviors and the emergence of social bonds. We also examine the effects of contexts and experiences of communicated acceptance. Results of a controlled laboratory experiment show that the contextual possibility of refusal increases giving but nevertheless weakens emerging social bonds. Experiencing refusal increases self-isolation but also, under certain conditions, greater investment in alternative relationships. The contextual possibility of acceptance, on the other hand, has little effect on giving behaviors or social bonds. The experience of acceptance, however, may reduce partner switching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The roots of social trust have long been a scholarly concern. Some argue that it is a disposition gained in early socialization that is stable despite social experiences. Others argue that social arrangements that structure prosocial interactions can cultivate it. Analyzing in-depth interview data, I contribute to this literature by developing a theory of fragile trust, stable mistrust. The results suggest interviewees understand early socialization as an important factor in the development of their own social trust. They also suggest these early experiences are structured by important socioeconomic factors. In addition, many interviewees recount a loss of social trust because of significant negative experiences, whereas none relate an experience building trust. I argue that these dynamics are driven by trustors being more interested in the kinds of activities theorized to enhance social trust than mistrusting individuals and by the cognitive mechanisms of the negativity and confirmation biases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]