Search

In recent years, with the deepening of exploration and development theories for tight oil reservoirs and the continuous breakthroughs in key engineering technologies, positive progress has been made in the development of onshore tight oil in China, it has become an important supplement to the growth of petroleum reserves and production. Therefore, identifying the main controlling factors of tight oil reservoir productivity and predicting this productivity are crucial for the development of petroleum resources. The article employs a comprehensive data preprocessing method to address field data, minimizing data errors to the greatest extent possible. In the study of controlling factors and prediction of productivity, various methods such as Pearson correlation coefficient, Random Forest, XGBoost, etc., are compared to enhance the reliability of the results. In addition, root mean square error, mean absolute error, and coefficient of determination are also introduced to evaluate the prediction results of each model, providing an overview of the overall framework of machine learning application in productivity. The study shows that compared with mutual information coefficient, the results of production capacity analysis using Random Forest are more consistent with Pearson correlation coefficient method. The fracturing engineering factors are dominant in the initial production capacity and first-year cumulative production; the initial production capacity is mainly controlled by the soaking time, the stable water cut, the volume of fracturing liquid volume and the formation thickness; the first-year cumulative oil production is mainly dependent on the stable water cut. The XGBoost method yielded the best performance across all three evaluation metrics, indicating that its prediction results are more reliable. In conclusion, machine learning methods can provide significant technical support for the exploration and development of tight oil reservoirs. • Utilize machine learning to discern geological and engineering factors impacting oil production. • Employ Random Forest and Pearson correlation coefficient for production analysis. • Achieve superior accuracy in oil production prediction with XGBoost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, main process data, notably time–series data such as lance position patterns, are analyzed during converter steelmaking, and methodologies in data processing and transforming are proposed. In this study, utilizing both the transformed key time–series and primary static process data, the influence of various process parameters on the end‐point parameters of converter steelmaking is analyzed. Furthermore, it establishes predictive models for the end‐point content of carbon (C) and phosphorus (P), as well as the end‐point temperature. In the findings, it is indicated that the end‐point carbon content and temperature are primarily influenced by the oxygen flow pattern, lime addition pattern, and key smelting parameters. The end‐point phosphorus content is mainly affected by the oxygen flow pattern, limestone addition pattern, and dolomite addition pattern. Regarding the prediction of end‐point carbon and phosphorus content, and end‐point temperature, compared to seven sub‐models, the hybrid model demonstrates an average accuracy improvement of 37.88%, 25.03%, and 31.51%, respectively, and the end‐point hit rate improves by 18.77%, 19.59%, and 20.41%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On June 30th, 2012, at 05:07 local time, an Ms 6.6 earthquake (43.4°N, 84.8°E) struck Hejing County, Xinjiang Province (hereinafter called the Hejing earthquake). This study aims to establish a comprehensive landslide inventory associated with the Hejing earthquake based on pre- and post-quake RapidEye and Ikonos satellite images. According to the detailed landslide interpretations, this earthquake has triggered at least 453 coseismic landslides, with a total area of 0.66 km². The landslides are primarily shallow landslides, rockfalls, and rolling stones, with a few shallow debris flows. The landslides are predominantly distributed along the strike of the southern edge of the Awulale mountain fault (SEAMF), and most of them are concentrated near the epicenter, particularly in regions with PGAs exceeding 0.12 g. Statistically, landslide area density (LAD) increases as the hillslope gradient and relief increase, demonstrating a linear relationship. Notably, landslides are more likely to occur in high-elevation areas with significant reliefs and seismic activity such as aftershocks. Furthermore, over 80% of coseismic landslides occurred on the hanging wall of the SEAMF, and as the distance of the fault increases, the landslide abundance index rapidly decreases. Based on the focal source mechanisms, aftershock data, and landslide distributions, we suggest that the most dominant seismogenic structure of the Ms6.6 Hejing earthquake is the SEAMF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Customers' hotel location evaluations are critical to hotel location decisions, future investment, visitor experience and urban tourism development. In this paper, spatial autocorrelation analysis, GeoDetection and geographically weighted models are used to explore the characteristics of the location satisfaction pattern of 1126 hotels in Wuhan and its causes.The findings suggest that there are obvious spatial clustering distribution characteristics of hotel location satisfaction in Wuhan. Distance from highway entrances/exit, scenic spot accessibility, and free parking services have the strongest positive influence on the spatial differentiation pattern of hotel location satisfaction, while hotel transportation services, the percentage of water area, and the number of universities have significant spatial differentiation characteristics on the influence of hotel location satisfaction. This study contributes to a better understanding of hotel location satisfaction pattern and its causes through multi-source data and spatial analysis techniques. The results of the study are of practical significance to the planning and development of urban hotels in Wuhan, as well as to other cities similar to Wuhan in terms of city scale, spatial layout of hotels, and tourism development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] This study aims to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of rural settlements in Jiangxi Province, and to analyze the influencing factors. The findings can serve as reference and decision-making basis for promoting the national rural revitalization strategy, optimizing territorial spatial planning, and enhancing rural governance. [Methods] The spatiotemporal evolution of rural settlements in Jiangxi Province from 2000 to 2020 was examined by using landscape pattern indices, kernel density analysis, and gravity shift model. The buffer analysis and geographic detection were employed to explore the influencing factors. [Results] (1) The number of rural settlements in Jiangxi Province decreased, but their scale expanded over rime. The variation between different settlement scales initially increased and then decreased, while the irregularity of settlement patterns remained generally low. (2) While the overall change in rural settlement distribution in Jiangxi Province was modest, significant spatial differences were observed. The pattern exhibited a spatial distribution of dense pattern in the middle and sparse on all sides, dense pattern in the north and sparse in the south. (3) The center of gravity of rural settlements in Jiangxi Province remained relatively stable over the past two decades, consistently located in the southwest of Fengcheng City. (4) Rural settlements in Jiangxi Province were mainly found in areas with elevations below 200 m and slopes between 5° and 15°. They were notably influenced by rivers, county and township roads, while railways, highways, national roads and provincial roads had minimal impact. Among socio-economic factors, the output value of grain crops, rural residents′ the consumption expenditure, and cultivated land area had the most significant influence. [Conclusion] The spatiotemporal evolution of rural settlements in Jiangxi Province remained stable during 2000—2020. The distribution of rural settlements was influenced by location, natural and socio-economic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective]The aims of this study are to examine the spatial pattern evolution and its influencing factors of rural settlements in hilly and mountainous areas of eastern Fujian, and to provide scientific basis for the optimization and reconstruction of spatial layout of rural settlements.[Methods]Pingnan County in eastern Fujian was taken as an example. Kernel density analysis, landscape pattern index and GIS spatial analysis method were used to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of rural settlements in Pingnan County from 2009 to 2019, and geographical detectors were used to reveal the influencing factors of evolution.[Results](1)In the past 10 years, the number and scale of rural settlements in Pingnan County only increased slightly.Among different levels of settlements, the area of large settlements accounted for the largest proportion, but the number increase and scale expansion were mainly small settlements.(2)The overall morphological evolution of rural settlements tended to be complex and fragmented from rules, but there was a trend of settlement contiguous in the surrounding areas of the county. The single form of rural settlements was dominated by dots, accounting for 67.84％.(3)The spatial distribution of rural settlements weakly concentrated, the whole concentrated in the middle, and the distribution pattern was sparse around, but the distribution of settlements in the central and southern parts of the county was becoming more and more concentrated in the past 10 years. Controlled by terrain, rural settlements mostly distributed in intermountain basins and have low slope directivity.(4)Topographic relief was the main natural factor controlling the evolution of the spatial pattern and scale of rural settlements in Pingnan County, but the economic development of the county and the improvement of transport accessibility in the past 10 years had become important factors driving the expansion of the scale of rural settlements in Pingnan County in the new period.[Conclusion]The natural factors in Pingnan have shaped the basic spatial pattern of rural settlements, and the location and socio-economic factors are the driving force for the continuous expansion of the scale of rural settlements, and the interaction of natural, location and economic factors promotes the further evolution of rural settlements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It can provide a basis for decision making for the conservation and sustainable use of forest ecosystems in mountains to understand the stoichiometric properties and nutrient allocation strategies of major tree species. However, the plant nutrient allocation strategies under different environmental gradients in forest systems of arid and semi-arid mountains are not fully understand. Therefore, three typical regions in the Qilian Mountains on the eastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were selected based on precipitation and temperature gradients, and the stoichiometric characteristics and nutrient allocation strategies of Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia) of the dominant tree species under different environmental gradients were investigated. The results showed that (1) the stoichiometric characteristics of plant tissues were different in the three regions. (2) The importance of each tissue in the plant nutrient allocation varied in different regions, showing that the plant roots are more important in the warm-wet region, while the plant leaves, branches and trunks are more important in the transition and hot-dry regions. (3) The influencing factors affecting plant nutrient allocation strategies were inconsistent across regions, which showed that plant nutrient allocation strategies in the warm-wet and transition region were mainly influenced by soil factors, while they were more influenced by climatic factors in the hot-dry region. The patterns of plant nutrient allocation strategies and drivers under different environmental gradients could help us better understand the ecological adaptation mechanism and physiological adjustment mechanism of forest ecosystem in mountains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethnic minority women experience disparities in mammography screening utilisation and breast cancer outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesised multidomain and multilevel factors that intersect to influence the utilisation of mammography among ethnic minorities. A literature search was conducted in five databases (PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) from inception to May 2022. Guided by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparity research framework, the retrieved data were synthesised using narrative summaries and meta-analyses. Among the 27 studies, most (n = 24) reported individual, interpersonal, and community factors in the health care system domain. In the sociocultural domain, interpersonal and societal (n = 8) factors, such as modesty and karma beliefs, were less frequently identified than individual (n = 20) factors in relation to acculturation. Only individual-level factors were reported for the biological and physical/built environment (e.g., rural residence) domains. In the behavioural domain, cancer screening behaviours had a high combined prediction ability (odds ratio = 18.23; I2 = 23%), whereas interpersonal (e.g., family obligations) and community (e.g., neighbourhood violence) factors discouraged mammography screening. Special focus should be given to ethnic minority women, especially those living in rural areas, those with considerable family obligations, and those who have suffered from violence and other life pressures, to increase their access to mammography services. Multidomain and multilevel efforts, culturally appropriate strategies, and equity-advancing policies such as geographic access and insurance coverage would help to mitigate the ethnic disparities in mammography screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the transition phase from adolescence to adulthood, premenstrual syndrome (PMS) occurs more commonly, with a variety of symptoms. The occurrence of PMS may be the result of a combination of demographic, physiological, psychological and sociological factors. This study aimed to identify the central symptoms of PMS, and explored the complex influencing factors especially the one-to-one inter-relationships factors with specific symptoms. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in mainland China. 3458 young adult women were assessed. Using the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PSS) to assess the PMS, and PSS score was over 6 divided into PMS group, and vice versa. Influencing factors were assessed by a set of self-reported questionnaire. Network analysis was used to examined the interplay of PMS, whilst also considering the influencing factors of PMS. In summary, 1479 participants were in PMS group. Anxiety had the highest strength centrality (1.12/1.09), shown higher centrality in the both network. Swelling of the hands or feet also shown higher strength centrality (0.89) in PMS group. PMS is associated with a higher history of dysmenorrhea, and neurotic personality. Neurotic personality - depressed mood/nervousness (0.27/0.23), history of dysmenorrhea - abdominal distension (0.21), had significantly higher weight than other edges in PMS group. Anxiety was the most central symptom in the network, and was closely associated with other symptoms like depressed mood, which provided additional evidence for the centrality of emotional features in PMS. Moreover, the influencing factors of PMS combined demographic, physiological, psychological, and sociological factors. According to the central symptoms and factors affecting the specific PMS symptoms in young adult women, targeted intervention is helpful to prevent and alleviate PMS. Cross-sectional design cannot infer the directionality of the associations between variables. All data is self-reported with recall bias and the edge weights across the constructs of influencing factors and PMS were fairly small. • Anxiety was the most central symptom in the network, and was closely associated with other symptoms like depressed mood. • The influencing factors of PMS combined demographic, physiological, psychological, and sociological factors. • Targeted interventions are based on the central symptoms and factors affecting the specific PMS symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microplastic-derived dissolved organic matter (MP-DOM) exerts great effects on organic carbon pool and its environmental behaviors in natural waters due to increasing amounts of uncontrolled plastic disposal. However, systematic understanding of chemical composition and environmental impacts of MP-DOM in aquatic systems was limited. In this work, the chemical and molecular structures of MP-DOM derived from diverse characterization methods were examined and synthesized to provide a basis for understanding their environmental processes. Additionally, those factors affecting the quantity and quality of released MP-DOM (e.g., plastic types, water environments, and external weathering conditions) were reviewed. Furthermore, environmental behaviors of MP-DOM including its biological degradation, adsorption on mineral surfaces, and interaction with pollutants, as well as their environmental impacts were comprehensively summarized. Finally, we outlooked the future research directions on MP-DOM studies, aiming to contribute to a deeper understanding of the environmental mechanisms and control of plastic pollution through the analysis of MP-DOM. This review provides information for further understanding the impact of microplastics on natural water, which might have consequences on the fluxes of carbon and biogeochemical behaviors of metal and organic contaminants. The structural features, influence factors, and biogeochemical behavior of MP-DOM were reviewed. Compared with NOM, MP-DOM is dominated by labile aliphatic compounds. UV exposure, high temperature and alkalinity solution could promote MP-DOM release. MP-DOM actively interacts with environmental media and alters their environmental fate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reducing CO 2 emissions of the iron and steel industry, a typical heavy CO 2 -emitting sector, is the only way that must be passed to achieve the 'dual-carbon' goal, especially in China. In previous studies, however, it is still unknown what is the difference between blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF), scrap-electric furnace (scrap-EF) and hydrogen metallurgy process. The quantitative research on the key factors affecting CO 2 emissions is insufficient. There is also a lack of research on the prediction of CO 2 emissions by adjusting industrial structure. Based on material flow analysis, this study establishes carbon flow diagrams of three processes, and then analyze the key factors affecting CO 2 emissions. CO 2 emissions of the iron and steel industry in the future is predicted by adjusting industrial structure. The results show that: (1) The CO 2 emissions of BF-BOF, scrap-EF and hydrogen metallurgy process in a site are 1417.26, 542.93 and 1166.52 kg, respectively. (2) By increasing pellet ratio in blast furnace, scrap ratio in electric furnace, etc., can effectively reduce CO 2 emissions. (3) Reducing the crude steel output is the most effective CO 2 reduction measure. There is still 5.15 × 108-6.17 × 108 tons of CO 2 that needs to be reduced by additional measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Design Methods Results Conclusion Relevance to Clinical Practice Patient or Public Contribution Reporting Method To identify the multiple mediating effects of resilience and depression between social support and self‐care ability among patients with breast cancer during rehabilitation to provide reference for developing and implementing targeted interventions.A cross‐sectional study reported according to the STROBE checklist.A convenience sample of 320 patients with breast cancer during rehabilitation was recruited from one hospital in China. Data were collected from April to August 2022 using a self‐report questionnaire, including the demographic and clinical information, Appraisal of Self‐Care Agency Scale‐Revised, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale‐10 item, and Patient Health Questionnaire‐9. The mediation analysis was conducted using the SPSS Process macro.Self‐care ability was positively associated with social support (β = .229) and resilience (β = .290), and negatively associated with depression (β = −.208). The relationship between social support and self‐care ability was mediated by resilience and depression, respectively, and together in serial. The multiple mediating effects accounted for 34.0% of the total effect of social support on self‐care ability.Our findings identify resilience and depression as multiple mediators between social support and self‐care ability and highlight the important roles of social support, resilience and depression in improving self‐care ability.Healthcare providers should pay great attention to the underlying mechanisms of how social support affects patients' self‐care ability during breast cancer rehabilitation. Integrated intervention programmes targeted at enhancing social support, building resilience and alleviating depression might be beneficial to the improvement of self‐care ability.No patient or public contribution.The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist for cross‐sectional studies was applied to report the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Research Methods/Setting Results Conclusion The objective of this study was to construct and validate a structural equation model (SEM) to identify factors associated with sleep quality in awake patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) and to assist in the development of clinical intervention strategies.In this cross‐sectional study, 200 awake patients who were cared for in the ICU of a tertiary hospital in China were surveyed via several self‐report questionnaires and wearable actigraphy sleep monitoring devices. Based on the collected data, structural equation modelling analysis was performed using SPSS and AMOS statistical analysis software. The study is reported using the STROBE checklist.The fit indices of the SEM were acceptable: χ2/df = 1.676 (p < .001) and RMSEA = .058 (p < 0.080). Anxiety/depression had a direct negative effect on the sleep quality of awake patients cared for in the ICU (β = −.440, p < .001). In addition, disease‐freeness progress had an indirect negative effect on the sleep quality of awake patients cared for in the ICU (β = −.142, p < .001). Analgesics had an indirect negative effect on the sleep quality of awake patients cared for in the ICU through pain and sedatives (β = −.082, p < .001). Sedation had a direct positive effect on the sleep quality of conscious patients cared for in the ICU (β = .493; p < .001).The results of the SEM showed that the sleep quality of awake patients cared for in the ICU is mainly affected by psychological and disease‐related factors, especially anxiety, depression and pain, so we can improve the sleep quality of patients through psychological intervention and drug intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, pulmonary tuberculosis is a significant public health and social problem. We investigated the factors influencing the hospitalization cost of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and grouped cases based on a decision tree model to provide a reference for enhancing the management of diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) of this disease. The data on the first page of the medical records of patients with the primary diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis were extracted from the designated tuberculosis hospital. The influencing factors of hospitalization cost were determined using the Wilcoxon rank sum test and multiple linear stepwise regression analysis, and the included cases were grouped using the chi-squared automated interaction test decision tree model, with these influential factors used as classification nodes. In addition, the included cases were grouped according to the ZJ-DRG grouping scheme piloted in Zhejiang Province, and the differences between the two grouping methods were compared. The length of hospital stay, respiratory failure, sex, and age were the determining factors of the hospitalization cost of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, and these factors were incorporated into the decision tree model to form eight case combinations. The reduction in variance (RIV) using this grouping method was 60.60%, the heterogeneity between groups was high, the coefficients of variance ranged from 0.29 to 0.47, and the intra-group difference was small. The patients were also divided into four groups based on the ZJ-DRG grouping scheme piloted in Zhejiang Province. The RIV using this grouping method was 55.24, the differences between groups were acceptable, the coefficients of variance were 1.00, 0.61, 0.77, and 0.87, respectively, and the intra-group difference was significant. When the pulmonary tuberculosis cases were grouped according to the duration of hospital stay, respiratory failure, and age, the results were rather reasonable, providing a reference for DRG management and cost control of this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's rural reform is reliant on farmers' cooperatives as a key organization vehicle. It plays an important role in promoting rural revitalization. Such as, realizing the organic connection between small farmers and agricultural modernization. This study used the nearest neighbor index and kernel density estimation to analyze the spatial distribution and structural characteristics of farmer cooperatives in Hunan Province. It revealed the spatial differentiation law of cooperatives. Also using geographical detectors to figure out the main factors that affect the spatial distribution. The results show that: ① Hunan Farmers Cooperatives show significant spatial agglomeration. The overall spatial distribution shows the spatial characteristics of "one core, one circle, and multiple points". And the spatial distribution pattern of "large agglomeration, finger-shaped radiation distribution". Among them, the distribution of provincial demonstration cooperatives is relatively balanced. ② Cooperatives in six types of industries, such as planting, forestry, and feeding, showed agglomeration distribution. Different industrial cooperatives spread out in different ways, such as in an anti-"L" shape, a dual-core shape, or a one-center area. ③ The 24 influence factors selected from the five dimensions of the natural environment, social economic basis, production basis, output capacity, and facility basis have high, general, and weak influence on cooperatives' spatial distribution. The development and distribution of cooperatives mainly depend on resource endowment, social and economic development level, and market dependence. The spatial distribution heterogeneity of different professional cooperatives is mainly affected by slope, per capita disposable income of rural residents, road density, and other factors. ④ The progression of farmer cooperatives in Hunan Province should prioritize high-quality development, emphasizing the need for innovative approaches and transformative strategies within rural industrial organizations. It is imperative to optimize the spatial distribution of cooperatives, strategically contributing to the establishment of a novel framework for modern agricultural development in Hunan Province. Additionally, there is a critical emphasis on spearheading collaborative initiatives among cooperatives of varied industrial types, aimed at fostering the integrated development of rural primary, secondary, and tertiary industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the extent of knowledge about breastfeeding and attitudes towards infant feeding among spouses of puerperas at the time of discharge from hospital, and explore the factors influencing spousal attitudes toward breastfeeding. Methods: We conducted a questionnaire survey among 204 spouses of puerperas who were admitted in the maternity wards at a tertiary hospital in Shaanxi Province between October 2021 and December 2021. Respondents who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were identified using convenient sampling. Results: (1) The score of breastfeeding knowledge among spouses prior to discharge from the hospital was (10.56 ± 3.78), with an accuracy rate of 59.6%, and the lowest accuracy rate was for Item 1 "Newborns should be fed on time, not on demand" (42.6%) and Item 5 "Breastfeeding can prevent infant rickets" (49.5%). (2) The average score of spouses' infant feeding attitudes was (58.15 ± 5.55), and the lowest scoring was for Item 17 "Daily urine volume of infants is a reliable indicator to judge whether they get enough breast milk" (1.99 ± 1.14). (3) Generalized linear model analysis showed a more positive attitude (higher score) among spousal attitudes towards infant feeding in those who had received breastfeeding education [OR = 4.588, 95% CI (0.160 ∼ 3.598)] and those with a master's degree or above [OR = 18.278, 95% CI (3.471 ∼ 9.346)]. Conclusion: (1) Spouses that received breastfeeding education and those that had a Masters Degree and above had more positive attitude towards infant feeding. (2) Medical staff should focus on puerperas'spouses with degrees below master's level who had not received breastfeeding education. We recommend using a variety of education methods to enable them to acquire more knowledge on breastfeeding and develop a more positive attitude towards breastfeeding, which will further enhance spousal support for breastfeeding, thus positivizing postpartum co-parenting attitudes and improving the rate of exclusive breastfeeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A systematic analysis of the spatiotemporal evolution patterns and factors influencing ecological land (EL) can support the optimization of EL protection policies and ensure the stability of regional ecosystems. Based on remote sensing data, using the gravity center shift model, the landscape pattern index, and the equivalent factor method, the characteristics of EL evolution in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region from 1980 to 2020 were analyzed. A fixed-effects model was used to quantitatively explore the factors influencing EL evolution and heterogeneity analysis. The results are as follows: (1) The EL area exhibited a trend of initial decrease followed by a subsequent increase during the study period. The most significant area transfer occurred between cropland and EL, but, after the 21st century, the proportion of area transfer between construction land and EL noticeably increased. (2) The compactness and fragmentation of EL showed a certain spatiotemporal stability, but the spatial distribution of compactness and fragmentation hot and cold spots exhibited significant differences. The fragmentation hot spots mainly displayed a strip distribution, while those of compactness showed a clustered distribution. (3) Although the ecosystem service value in the BTH region demonstrated dynamic "M"-shaped changes, the distribution of hot and cold spots still exhibited spatial stability. Regulating services consistently occupied a higher proportion of the sub-service functions, while cultural services still needed further enhancement. (4) Factors influencing the evolution of areas and values demonstrated similarities. The landscape was significantly influenced by construction land, showing a non-linear "U"-shaped relationship with fragmentation. Different economic development gradients and altitudes exhibited differentiated characteristics in terms of their influencing factors. This study provides scientific support for dynamically and precisely adjusting governmental EL management policies, contributing to the sustainable development of regional socio-economics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To systematically evaluate the Influencing factors of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in 0-5 years old children in China. Methods The relevant studies published in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),VIP,Wanfang Data, SinoMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science databases and other databases were systematically searched. The search time limit was from the establishment of the database to March 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the relevant data from the included studies, and assessed the risk of bias. RevMan 5. 4 software was used for Meta-analysis. Results A total of 20 studies involving 55 388 children were included, including 17 741 cases of IDA. The results of meta-analysis showed that 6 to 12 months old (OR=2. 74,95%CI 1. 80-4. 17),male children (OR=1. 53,95%CI 1. 28-1. 83),prematurity (OR=4. 67,95%CI 1. 96-11. 15),low maternal education (OR=2. 16,95%CI 1. 30-3. 57),maternal anemia during pregnancy (OR=3. 05,95%CI 2. 54-3. 66),especially maternal anemia in the third trimester (OR=4. 64,95%CI 3. 53-6. 10),and low household income (OR=1. 24,95%CI 1. 16-1. 33) were risk factors for IDA,and 4 to 6 months of age to add complementary food (OR=0. 19,95%CI 0. 10-0. 39),adding iron-rich complementary foods (OR=0. 56,95%CI 0. 41-0. 75) were protective factor for IDA in 0-5 years old children. Conclusion 6 to 12 months old, male children, prematurity, low maternal education, anemia during pregnancy (especially in the third trimester),and low household income may increase the risk of IDA in 0-5 years old children in China. 4 to 6 months of age to add complementary food and adding iron-rich complementary foods can reduce the risk of IDA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the aquaculture industry has been developing continuously, but the intensification of aquaculture has also affected the surrounding water quality. In aquaculture, the health of farmed animals is affected by microorganisms, which in turn affects the economic benefits of the farming industry. The role of microorganisms in the aquaculture environment, the research methods of the microorganisms in the aquaculture environment, the influencing factors of the microorganisms in the aquaculture water body and the adjustment methods of the water quality in the aquaculture water body were reviewed, aiming to provide reference and basis for the research and regulation of the aquaculture environment microorganisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we analysed the temporal and spatial distributions of ancient archaeological sites in China as well as their influencing factors. Our aim was to reveal the developmental trajectory of Chinese civilisation and to explore the natural and cultural factors affecting human distribution, with the goal of providing insights for the conservation and development of ancient relics. We employed spatial analysis methods using ArcGIS 10.8 software, such as kernel density analysis and trend surface analysis, to analyse 1194 historical ancient sites listed in the National Cultural Relics Protection Units of China. The research findings are as follows: (1) the distribution of ancient sites demonstrates an agglomerative spatial pattern. The nearest neighbour index (R < 1) for sites from various historical periods indicates an agglomerative spatial distribution of ancient sites across historical periods, with the clustering degree being relatively poor for sites from the Wei-Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties and in the Ming and Qing periods. The regions with a concentration of ancient sites are the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Yellow River Basins. Furthermore, there is a higher abundance of ancient sites in the southeastern region than in the northwestern region. (2) The distribution of ancient sites in different historical periods also exhibits an imbalance, with an overall decreasing trend in the number of ancient sites in China. Notably, more ancient sites were found for the prehistoric and pre-Qin periods. The temporal trend of ancient sites during historical periods follows a trajectory from northeast to northwest, northeast to southwest, etc. (3) The temporal and spatial distributions of ancient sites are influenced by multiple factors, including social development, the natural environment, geographical elements, and socioeconomic and political factors. Finally, based on an understanding of the spatiotemporal distribution pattern of ancient sites and the factors that influence this pattern, recommendations for conservation and development can be proposed and supported by modern technological methods, with the aim of offering insights for the protection and sustainable development of heritage sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Bayesian network (BN) models were developed to explore the specific relationships between influencing factors and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), coronary heart disease (CAD), and their comorbidities. The aim was to predict disease occurrence and diagnose etiology using these models, thereby informing the development of effective prevention and control strategies for T2DM, CAD, and their comorbidities. Method: Employing a case-control design, the study compared individuals with T2DM, CAD, and their comorbidities (case group) with healthy counterparts (control group). Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify disease-influencing factors. The BN structure was learned using the Tabu search algorithm, with parameter estimation achieved through maximum likelihood estimation. The predictive performance of the BN model was assessed using the confusion matrix, and Netica software was utilized for visual prediction and diagnosis. Result: The study involved 3,824 participants, including 1,175 controls, 1,163 T2DM cases, 982 CAD cases, and 504 comorbidity cases. The BN model unveiled factors directly and indirectly impacting T2DM, such as age, region, education level, and family history (FH). Variables like exercise, LDL-C, TC, fruit, and sweet food intake exhibited direct effects, while smoking, alcohol consumption, occupation, heart rate, HDL-C, meat, and staple food intake had indirect effects. Similarly, for CAD, factors with direct and indirect effects included age, smoking, SBP, exercise, meat, and fruit intake, while sleeping time and heart rate showed direct effects. Regarding T2DM and CAD comorbidities, age, FBG, SBP, fruit, and sweet intake demonstrated both direct and indirect effects, whereas exercise and HDL-C exhibited direct effects, and region, education level, DBP, and TC showed indirect effects. Conclusion: The BN model constructed using the Tabu search algorithm showcased robust predictive performance, reliability, and applicability in forecasting disease probabilities for T2DM, CAD, and their comorbidities. These findings offer valuable insights for enhancing prevention and control strategies and exploring the application of BN in predicting and diagnosing chronic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Quality of life research can guide clinical workers to adopt more targeted treatment and intervention measures, so as to achieve the purpose of improving patients' quality of life. The objective of this study was to evaluate health-related quality of life in Chinese patients with cervical cancer and to explore its influencing factors. Methods: A total of 186 patients with cervical cancer were investigated by using the QLICP-CE (V2.0) scale (Quality of Life Instruments for Cancer Patients-Cervical Cancer) developed by our group in China. The data were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, univariate analysis, and multivariate linear regression. Results: The total score of quality of life scale for cervical cancer patients was (62.58 ± 12.69), Univariate analysis of objective clinical indexes showed that creatinine concentration was a negative influence factor in the psychological domain, potassium ion concentration was a negative influence factor in the common symptoms and side effect domain, erythrocyte content was a positive influence factor physical domain and common general domain. Multiple linear regression results suggested that clinical staging was the influencing factor of common symptom and side effect domain, common general module and total score of scale. Marital status has different degrees of influence on the psychological, social, and common general domains. The level of education also influenced scores in the social domain. Conclusion: The total score of quality of life in patients with cervical cancer who received active treatment was acceptable. Marital status, clinical staging, and educational level are the factors that affect the quality of life of patients with cervical cancer. At the same time, potassium ion concentration, red blood cell count and creatinine concentration also have important effects on quality of life in patients with cervical cancer. Therefore, it is very important to give personalized treatment and nursing to patients based on various factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Determine the prevalence and influencing factors of patient delay in stroke patients and explore variation in prevalence by country and delayed time. Methods: PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), Weipu database, and Wanfang database were comprehensively searched for observational studies from inception to April, 2023. The pooled prevalence, odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated with Stata 16.0 software. Results: In total, 2721 articles were screened and data from 70 studies involving 85,468 subjects were used in meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of patient delay in stroke patients was 59% (95% CI, 0.54–0.64). The estimates of pooled prevalence calculated for African, Asian, and European patient delay in stroke patients were 55% (0.29–0.81), 61% (0.56–0.66), and 49% (0.34–0.64).According to the patient delay time, the prevalence of 6 h, 5 h, 4.5 h, 3.5 h, 3 h and 2 h were 54% (0.47–0.61), 73% (0.61–0.86), 60% (0.49–0.71), 81% (0.68–0.93), 52% (0.42–0.62), 63% (0.19–1.07). Distance from the place of onset to the hospital > 10 km [OR=2.49, 95%CI (1.92, 3.24)], having medical insurance [OR = 0.45, 95%CI (0.26,0.80)], lack of stroke-related knowledge [OR = 1.56, 95%CI (1.08,2.26)], education level below junior high school [OR = 1.69, 95%CI (1.22,2.36)], non-emergency medical services (Non-EMS) [OR = 2.10, 95%CI (1.49,2.97)], living in rural areas [OR = 1.54, 95%CI (1.15,2.07)], disturbance of consciousness [OR = 0.60, 95%CI (0.39,0.93)], history of atrial fibrillation [OR = 0.53, 95%CI (0.47,0.59)], age ≥ 65 years [OR = 1.18, 95%CI (1.02,1.37)], National institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS) ≤ 4 points [OR= 2.26, 95%CI (1.06,4.79)]were factors for patient delay in stroke patients. Conclusions: The prevalence of patient delay in stroke patients is high, we should pay attention to the influencing factors of patient delay in stroke patients and provide a theoretical basis for shortening the treatment time of stroke patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare blood disorder, leading to various complications and impairments in patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Limited research has been conducted to evaluate the HRQOL of Chinese patients with PNH. Understanding the HRQOL in this specific population is crucial for providing effective healthcare interventions and improving patient' health outcomes. This study aimed to assess HRQOL of Chinese patients with PNH, and identify key determinants. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during 2022 to recruit patients with PNH in China. The study population was recruited from PNH China, one of the largest public welfare PNH patient mutual aid organization in China. Data were collected via an online questionnaire including the EQ-5D-5L (5L), and social-demographic and clinical characteristics. Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize the characteristics of the participants and their HRQOL. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were adopted to explore key factors affecting HRQOL. Results: A total of 329 valid questionnaires were collected. The mean (SD) age of the patients was 35.3 (10.0) years, with 52.3% of them being male. The patients reported more problems in Anxiety/Depression (81.5%) and Pain/Discomfort (69.9%) dimensions compared to the other three 5L dimensions. The mean (SD) of 5L health utility score (HUS) and EQ-VAS score were 0.76 (0.21) and 62.61 (19.20), respectively. According to multiple linear regression, initial symptoms (i.e., Anemia [fatigue, tachycardia, shortness of breath, headache] and back pain) and complication of thrombosis were significant influencing factors affecting 5L HUS. Total personal income of the past year, initial symptom of hemoglobinuria and complication of thrombosis were significantly influencing factors of VAS score. Social-demographic and clinical characteristics, such as gender, income, and thrombosis, were also found to be significantly related to certain 5L health problems as well. Conclusion: Our study manifested the HRQOL of PNH patients in China was markedly compromised, especially in two mental-health related dimensions, and revealed several socio-demographic and clinical factors of their HRQOL. These findings could be used as empirical evidence for enhancing the HRQOL of PNH patients in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to investigate the relationship among the key factors affecting second language learners' satisfaction with online Chinese courses and their willingness to continue utilizing them by constructing a Model of Chinese Learners' Satisfaction in Online Courses. Additionally, the influence of participants' individual differences was also explored. A total of 203 second language learners of Chinese participated in the questionnaire survey, with 5 learners further participating in interviews. Learner expectations, learner perceived quality, and learner perceived value were identified as important factors influencing learner satisfaction and willingness to continue using the online course. The results of the questionnaire survey showed that (1) learner individual differences, such as age, Chinese proficiency, weekly study duration, and offline Chinese course experience, significantly influence learner satisfaction. (2) Learner expectations have a significant positive impact on perceived quality, while perceived quality positively affects perceived value. (3) Learner satisfaction significantly influences the willingness to continue using online courses. (4) The results of the interview revealed that most learners still prefer traditional offline courses, indicating that online teaching has several shortcomings and deficiencies. Overall, this study provides some scientific and reasonable decision-making references for improving online teaching methods, aiming to enhance learner satisfaction and promote the development of online education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The optimization of the spatial structure of the city network is conducive to the scientific spatial distribution of industries and the promotion of coordinated regional development. This study selected the top 100 automobile enterprises in the Chinese stock market that belong to China's pillar industry, a total of 1455 headquarters and branches, to establish an enterprise matrix. Based on the ownership linkage model, the evolution characteristics of city networks in China from 2000 to 2020 are revealed, and the influential factors of city networks are discussed using the negative binomial regression model. The findings are as follows: (1) there are significant differences in the status of automobile cities, forming a "pyramid network" hierarchy. (2) The agglomeration area of automobile cities has formed the development region of "4 + 4 + 1". (3) The city network with hierarchical connections has formed a spatial structure of a "cross–cobweb" in the middle and "trapezoid–diamond" in the periphery. (4) Urban transportation conditions, the scientific research environment, the enterprise agglomeration economy, GDP per capita, and technological proximity positively impact the formation of a city network, but the total export–import volume has a negative impact. Overall, the government can use this study's results to formulate policies for the automotive industry and urban development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, universities and colleges have gradually shifted from face-to-face teaching to small private online course-based teaching, which integrates massive open online courses with physical classroom teaching. However, learners often experience adjustment problems within this relatively new environment. This survey-based study evaluated the status of college students' learning adaptability and clarified the relationships between the factors influencing small private online course-based blended learning. With 3,050 participants from a Higher Vocational College in China, the researchers conducted an in-depth study using correlation analysis, regression analysis, and path analysis. The results revealed that students' learning adaptability was generally at the upper-middle level with females scoring higher than males, and there was no significant difference in learning adaptability based on the students' ages, grades, or Internet age. Regarding the impact of interest variables on learning adaptability, teaching support, learning platform, and curriculum setting had a significant positive effect; whereas learning attitude, autonomous learning, teaching methods, and learning environment did not have a significant positive effect. The teaching management had no significant impact either. Our findings have some implications for improving the efficacy of small private online course-based learning in educational institutions in China and elsewhere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has gradually promoted blended teaching based on Small Private Online Course (SPOC) as a common teaching practice in most higher education institutions. Teachers play a critical role in the successful implementation of blended teaching. Questions regarding the factors that influence teachers' implementation strategies for SPOC-based blended teaching in higher vocational colleges, positively or negatively, are raised. This research investigated 63 English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers from four higher vocational colleges in China who are implementing SPOC-based blended teaching, encoded the obtained data at three levels, explored factors influencing EFL teachers' implementation of SPOC-based blended teaching, and constructed a theoretical model of the factors influencing teachers' implementation of SPOC-based blended teaching in which SPOC-based teaching intention is a pre-influencing factor, whereas the school incentive mechanism and curriculum platform satisfaction serve as situational influencing factors. This study can help EFL teachers improve the implementation of SPOC-based blended teaching and further optimise SPOC-based blended teaching policies and measures for stakeholders in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to investigate the intensity and distribution of plastic film residue pollution in the Xinjiang region, 625 valid locations in Xinjiang were selected for questionnaire surveys and on-site sampling. The entropy weight method and analytic hierarchy process were employed to combine weights for the influencing factors of plastic film residue, including plot area, distance from the village, years of film coverage, and proportion of film coverage. The weight coefficients were calculated as 0.200, 0.315, 0.265, and 0.220, respectively. Based on the optimized clustering indicators, a cluster analysis was conducted on the plastic film residue pollution data for the year 2021. The results showed that there were highly significant differences in plastic film residue amounts under the influence of different factors, including plot area, distance from the village, years of film coverage, and proportion of film coverage(P<0.01). The weight coefficients played a crucial role, with the plastic film residue quantities ranking as follows: ClassⅠ

Objective To understand the current situation of death anxiety of the elderly in rural areas of Sichuan and its influencing factors. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 702 rural elderly from 6 prefecture-level cities in Sichuan Province, On the basis of describing the current situation of death anxiety, the 才 test and logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of death anxiety. Results The scores of emotional dimensions of death anxiety, stress and pain, time consciousness, and cognitive dimension of the elderly in rural areas of Sichuan were (1.10 ±1.33), (2.29 ±1.80), (0.76±0.79), and (1.18±0.79), respectively. The total score was (533±3.68), and 245 (34.90%) had high death anxiety. Multivariate analysis showed that the number of children (02=0.742, 95%CI: 0,630-0.875)), subjective well-being (OR= 0.453, 95%CI: 0.335-0.612)) and physical fitness (OR=0.581, 95%CI: 0452-0.746) were the protective factors of death anxiety in the elderly*, while chronic diseases (OR=1.575, 95%CI: 1.032-2.404)) were the risk factors of death anxiety. Conclusion The death anxiety of the elderly in the rural areas of Sichuan is at a medium -low level, and the rural elderly with a small number of children, chronic diseases, poor physical fitness, and low subjective well-being have a higher level of death anxiety, which should be paid more attention to. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the time trend and potential influencing factors of hospitalization of children with mental disorders in Beijing. Methods The information on hospital admissions of children with mental disorders living in Beijing from 2014 to 2018 was collected. Joinpoint regression model and grey correlation analysis were used to explore the changing trend of hospital admissions and the correlation intensity of the influencing factors. Results From 2014 to 2018, the number of hospitalized children with mental disorders showed an upward trend with an average annual change rate of 19.33%. In the subgroup, the number of hospitalized children with mood disorders increased most rapidly (average annual percentage rate change (AAPC) = 34.39%), followed by female children (AAPC=31.97%). The results of grey correlation analysis showed that per capita disposable income (correlation degree 0.841) and per capita GDP (correlation degree 0.837) had the strongest correlation with the number of hospitalized children with mental disorders. Conclusion The number of hospitalized children with mental disorders increased significantly from 2014 to 2018, and the trend of hospitalization of children witli mental disorders with different characteristics and the correlation order of influencing factors were different We should focus on the strongly related factors of different children with mental disorders and strengthen the mental health education and prevention and control of children in Beijing so as to provide reference for the formulation of relevant policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To systematically analyze the incidence of nutritional risk in patients with AlzheimerJ s disease. Methods Chinese database (WIP, National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan fang database, Sino Med) and English database (Cochrane library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science) were searched, and the related studies on the influencing factors of malnutrition in patients with AlzheimerJ s disease were collected. After screening and evaluating the literatures according to the criteria, Stata 16,0 and RevmanS A were used to analyze the prevalence of nutritional risk of AlzheimerJ s disease and its influencing factors by meta-analysis. Results A total of 25 articles were included, the number of patients with Alzheimer s disease was 3 372, and the number of patients with nutritional risk was 2 038, involving 12 influencing factors. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence rate of nutritional risk of AD was 62.5% (95%CI: 56.1%-68.9%). Marital status (OR二0.5, 95%CI: 0.34-0,73), course of disease (MD=0.36, 95%CI: 0.05-0.66) and swallowing function (OR=4.86; 95%CI: 1.74-13.61) were the influencing factors of nutritional risk of AD. Albumin (胚D二一7,50: 95%CI: 一9.25 to -5.75), cholesterol (MD=-0.87!) 95% CI: -1.31 to -0.43), and hemoglobin (MD=-2.71, 95%CI: 一3.96 to -1.46) were negatively correlated with nutritional risk in Chinese patients with Alzheimer s disease. Conclusion The prevalence rate of nutritional risk in Chinese patients with AlzheimerJ s disease is high and is related to marital status, course of disease, albumin, cholesterol, hemoglobin and swallowing function. Clinical attention should be paid to related factors and early identification and intervention to reduce the occurrence of nutritional risk and the impact of nutritional risk on the progression of Alzheimer s disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Following total knee arthroplasty (TKA), there is a significant decline in periprosthetic bone mineral density (BMD), potentially resulting in complications such as prosthetic loosening, periprosthetic fracture, and influencing the postoperative recovery. The objective of this study was to summarize the factors influencing periprosthetic BMD in TKA from existing studies. Methods: A comprehensive systematic search was performed in 4 databases: Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The last search was carried out on October 12, 2023. We used the keywords "total knee arthroplasty", "bone mineral density" and each of them combined with "tibia" and "femur" to identify all relevant articles reporting about potential impact factors influencing the periprosthetic BMD in patients after TKA. Results: Out of 1391 articles, 22 published from 2001 to 2023 were included in this systematic review. Following eligibility screening, six significant categories affecting periprosthetic BMD were recognized: prosthesis type, design of stem, coating, body weight, cement, and peg distance. Conclusion: Mobile-bearing prostheses, modular polyethylene design, short stems, cruciform stems, avoidance of bone cement, higher body mass index, titanium nitride coating, and a smaller medial peg distance could potentially benefit periprosthetic BMD. Comprehensive consideration of diverse factors influencing periprosthetic BMD before surgery and collaboration with post-operative drug therapy are essential. Trial registry: The PROSPERO registration number is CRD42023472030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Steel slag is a by-product of the steel industry and usually contains a high amount of f-CaO and f-MgO, which will result in serious soundness problems once used as a binding material and/or aggregates. To relieve this negative effect, carbonation treatment was believed to be one of the available and reliable methods. By carbonation treatment of steel slag, the phases of f-CaO and f-MgO can be effectively transformed into CaCO3 and MgCO3, respectively. This will not only reduce the expansive risk of steel slag to improve the utilization of steel slag further but also capture and store CO2 due to the mineralization process to reduce carbon emissions. In this study, based on the physical and chemical properties of steel slag, the carbonation mechanism, factors affecting the carbonation process, and the application of carbonated steel slag were reviewed. Eventually, the research challenge was also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background:Children with special health care needs (CSHCN) require long-term and ongoing rehabilitation interventions supporting their development. Telerehabilitation can provide continuous rehabilitation services for CSHCN. However, few studies have explored the intention of CSHCN and their caregivers to use telerehabilitation and its impact on them. Objective:The objective of this study was to identify factors that influence the intention to use telerehabilitation among CSHCN and their caregivers. Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. Based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, extended with additional predictors (trust and perceived risk [PR]), this study developed a research model and proposed 10 hypotheses. A structured questionnaire was distributed to 176 caregivers. Data were analyzed and research hypotheses were tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling to better understand the factors influencing the use of telerehabilitation. Results:A total of 164 valid questionnaires were collected. CSHCN and their caregivers were overall satisfied with this telerehabilitation medical service. The results of the structural model analysis indicated that social influence (SI), facilitating conditions (FC), and trust had significant effects on behavioral intention (BI) to use telerehabilitation, while the paths between performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), and PR and BI were not significant. PE, EE, and SI had a significant effect on trust. Moreover, EE and SI had indirect effects on BI, with trust as the mediator. Conclusions:The results indicated that SI, FC, and trust are significant factors influencing CSHCN and their caregivers' use of telerehabilitation. Trust is also an important mediator for the intention and highly influenced by PE, EE, and SI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractObjectiveMethodsResultsConclusionIn order to provide a more accurate and effective basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment, patients with cognitive dysfunction after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) were evaluated and their influencing factors were analyzed.A rigorous and systematic logistic regression analysis was conducted to comprehensively investigate the various influencing factors that contribute to cognitive dysfunction.Among them, the sex granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were also higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The scores of memory, orientation, visual and spatial function, abstract thinking and language in the control group were higher than those in the experimental group (p < 0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that history of diabetes mellitus, high NLR, high LDL-C, high CRP, smoking and temporal lobe infarction were risk factors for cognitive dysfunction after AIS, while elevated BMI and love of exercise were protective factors for cognitive dysfunction after AIS.Patients with cognitive dysfunction had the highest incidence of temporal lobe infarction, and they scored lower than the control group on memory, orientation, visual and spatial function, abstract thinking, and language function. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a history of diabetes mellitus, high NLR, high LDL-C, high CRP, smoking, and temporal lobe infarction were independent risk factors for cognitive dysfunction after acute ischemic stroke, while elevated BMI and a love of exercise were protective factors for cognitive dysfunction after acute ischemic stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improving the efficiency of waste sorting plays a critical role in improving resource utilization efficiency and accelerating green and low-carbon development. Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), this study uses structural equation model (SEM) to study the factors that influence 650 farmers' intention to sort waste from the psychological angle of the farmers in Yilan county of Harbin city and Luobei county of Hegang city of Heilongjiang province. Notably, the study confirmed that attitude (ATT), subjective norms (SN) and perceived behavioral control (PBC) can affect farmers' waste sorting intention (INT) significantly and perceived behavioral control is the most important influencing factor of farmers' intention in waste sorting. Meanwhile, there is a positive correlation between the three factors of farmer's attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control towards waste sorting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of our study was to assess the multiscalar changes in leprosy burden and its associated risk factors over the last three decades. We conducted an in-depth examination of leprosy's spatial–temporal trends at multiple geographical scale (global, regional, and national), utilizing information from Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD 2019). Incidence and the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of leprosy were determined, with countries categorized based on leprosy incidence changes. We examined socioeconomic and physical geography influences on leprosy incidence via Spearman correlation analysis, using ternary phase diagrams to reveal the synergetic effects on leprosy occurrence. Globally, incident cases of leprosy decreased by 27.86% from 1990 to 2019, with a reduction in ASIR (EAPC = −2.53), yet trends were not homogeneous across regions. ASIR and EAPC correlated positively with sociodemographic index (SDI), and an ASIR growth appeared in high SDI region (EAPC = 3.07). Leprosy burden was chiefly distributed in Tropical Latin America, Oceania, Central Sub-Saharan Africa, and South Asia. Negative correlations were detected between the incidence of leprosy and factors of SDI, GDP per capita, urban population to total population, and precipitation, whereas the number of refugee population, temperature, and elevation showed opposite positive results. Despite a global decline in leprosy over the past three decades, the disparities of disease occurrence at regional and national scales still persisted. Socioeconomic and physical geographic factors posed an obvious influence on the transmission risk of leprosy. The persistence and regional fluctuations of leprosy incidence necessitate the ongoing dynamic and multilayered control strategies worldwide in combating this ancient disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The estimation of the postmortem interval (PMI) is one of the key challenges for forensic anthropologists. Although there are several methods referenced for this purpose, none is sufficiently effective. One of the main reasons justifying the complexity of this task is the influence of several taphonomic factors. The study of the Luminol technique has stood out as a promising method for estimating PMI, complementing the existing methods, since it is an economic, easy and reproducible method that operates as a presumptive test. However, it is not known which taphonomic factors can influence the results obtained by this technique. The aim of this study is to test the influence of taphonomic factors, such as temperature, humidity, soil type and pH, on the estimation of the PMI by the Luminol technique. In order to test the influence of the referred factors, a sample consisting of 30 clavicles, with known and similar PMI, collected from autopsies, was distributed as evenly as possible by six vases and buried with different decomposition conditions for a period of 12 months. After the exhumation and sample preparation, the Luminol technique was applied. It was possible to clearly observe differences in the results. Thus, according to our research, it is possible to conclude that the results obtained by the application of Luminol are influenced by taphonomic factors. Therefore, the context in which a body is found should always be considered for applying this technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is an increased tendency towards adopting minimally invasive interventions in dentistry, supported by advancement in materials and techniques. However, the decision‐making process in choosing conservative or invasive treatments is influenced by several factors, particularly in permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis. Objectives: The objective of the study was to systematically review the literature regarding factors that influence decision‐making for vital pulp therapy (VPT) as definitive treatment option in permanent mature teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis. Methods: Two independent reviewers searched five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library). Grey literature was searched through Google Scholar and contact with experts. Defined search keys were applied, and all peer‐reviewed literature published with no language nor publication date limits were included. The All studies investigating the factors influencing treatment decision‐making in mature permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis were included. The quality of included studies was assessed by two independent reviewers using the Joanna Briggs Institute quality assessment tool. Results: Six articles were included in the review. All included studies used questionnaires to characterize clinician preferences and attitudes in choosing treatment options for mature permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis. The available evidence suggests that dentist‐related factors have a significant influence on the chosen treatment in teeth with irreversible pulpitis, with speciality training and years of experience influencing the choice of VPT over other treatment options. COVID‐19 reportedly swayed the dentists' decision to favour VPT. Only one article studied the influence of patient‐related factors, such as age and presence of spontaneous pain on decision‐making. Of note, a history of cardiovascular disease moved dentists towards prescribing VPT. Discussion: Collectively, the included studies demonstrated an overriding influence of dentist‐related factors on choosing among treatment options for painful teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis. Patient‐related factors were acknowledged but there are also potential factors such as socio‐economic constraints that were not included in the component studies. Conclusion: In teeth with irreversible pulpitis clinicians educational background influence the decision towards a specific treatment option. Further data, preferably derived from clinical records, is necessary in future investigations to explore the effect of other important factors related to both dentists and patients. Registration: PROSPERO database (CRD42022339653). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In 2015, the term 'intrinsic capacity' (IC) was proposed by the World Health Organisation to promote healthy aging. However, the factors associated with IC are still discrepant and uncertain. Aim: We aim to synthesise the factors connected with IC. Methods: This scoping review followed the five‐stage framework of Arksey and O'Malley and was reported using PRISMA‐ScR guidelines. Results: In all, 29 articles were included. IC of older adults is associated with demographic characteristics, socioeconomic factors, disease conditions, behavioural factors, and biomarkers. Age, sex, marital status, occupation status, education, income/wealth, chronic diseases, hypertension, diabetes, disability, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity were emerged as important factors related to the IC of older adults. Conclusions: This review shows that IC is related to multiple factors. Understanding these factors can provide the healthcare personnel with the theoretical basis for intervening and managing IC in older adults. Relevance to Clinical Practice: The influencing factors identified in the review help to guide older adults to maintain their own intrinsic capacity, thereby promoting their health and well‐being. The modifiable factors also provide evidence for healthcare personnel to develop targeted intervention strategies to delay IC decline. No Patient or Public Contribution: As this is a scoping review, no patient or public contributions are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Postpartum milk deficiency can directly reduce the rate of pure breastfeeding, which is not conducive to maternal and infant health. There is no consensus on the mechanism of postpartum milk deficiency, which may be related to factors such as delivery conditions, maternal factors, infant factors, drugs, and chemicals. The article reviews the current situation and influencing factors of postpartum milk deficiency, in order to provide reference for clinical identification of high-risk groups for postpartum milk deficiency and prevention of breast milk deficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Falls can cause serious health problems in the elderly. China is gradually entering a moderately aging society. In rural areas of China, the elderly are at a higher risk of falling. This study aims to explore and analyze the factors affecting the fall risk of elderly people in rural areas of China, and provide theoretical basis for reducing the fall risk of elderly people. M County, Anhui Province, China was selected as the survey site by the typical field sampling method, and the elderly people in rural areas were selected as the research objects. A total of 1187 people were investigated. Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis H test were used for univariate analysis, and multiple linear regression was used for multivariate analysis. Chronic diseases, multimorbidity, daily living ability, mental health, working status and family doctors are the factors that influence falls among elderly people in rural areas of China (P < 0.05, Adjusted R2 = 0.395). The falls risk of the elderly in rural areas of China is influenced by multiple factors. Therefore, comprehensive measures should be taken to reduce the fall risk by comprehensively evaluating the influencing factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on dynamic monitoring data on China's population, by using complex networks, spatial analysis and mathematical measurement, this study reveals the spatial characteristics and influencing factors of the network of flows of highly educated talents in the Yangtze River Delta region from the national and local perspectives. In the two perspectives, the network has strong isomorphism and certain differences. The in-flow of highly educated talents from cities with high administrative levels and more developed economies to Shanghai constitutes the core of the entire network. From a national perspective, highly educated talents tend to converge to the Yangtze River Delta region. From a local perspective, it was found that these talents cluster towards a limited number of cities in the region. From both perspectives, the flow network has developed into a "core-periphery" progressive hierarchical structure, with Shanghai becoming the sole core city. There is little difference in the influencing factors of talent mobility from both macro and meso perspectives. Highly educated talents would frequently flow between cities with strong economic development levels, and cities with high education level, scientific and technological level, complete infrastructure, and good aesthetics. However, geographical distance still plays a hindering role in the flow of highly educated talents, and factors such as cultural identity, institutional, and social modality differences among regions also have a certain effect on the flow of these talents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients with mood disorders usually require repeated and prolonged hospitalization, resulting in a heavy burden on healthcare resources. This study aims to identify variables associated with length of stay(LOS) of repeatedly hospitalized patients with mood disorders and to provide information for optimizing psychiatry management and healthcare resource allocation. Methods: Electronic medical records (EMRs) of repeatedly hospitalized patients with mood disorders from January 2010 to December 2018 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Chi-square and t-test were adopted to investigate the differences in characteristics between the two groups of short LOS and long LOS. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) was conducted to investigate potential factors influencing LOS. Results: A total of 2,009 repeatedly hospitalized patients with mood disorders were enrolled, of which 797 (39.7%) had a long LOS and 1,212 (60.3%) had a short LOS. Adverse effects of treatment, continuous clinical manifestation, chronic onset type, suicide attempt, comorbidity and use of antidepressants were positively associated with long LOS among all repeatedly hospitalized patients with mood disorders (P < 0.050). For patients with depression, factors associated with long LOS consisted of age, monthly income, adverse effects of treatment, continuous clinical manifestation, suicide attempt and comorbidity (P < 0.050). Whereas, for patients with bipolar disorder (BD), adverse effects of treatment, four or more hospitalizations and use of antidepressants contributed to the long LOS (P < 0.050). Influencing factors of LOS also vary among patients with different effectiveness of treatment. Conclusion: The LOS in repeatedly hospitalized patients with mood disorders was influenced by multiple factors. There were discrepancies in the factors affecting LOS in patients with different diagnoses and effectiveness of treatment, and specific factors should be addressed when evaluating the LOS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Under the background of the regular implementation of the National Centralized Drug Procurement (NCDP) policy, this study aimed to assess the impacts of the NCDP policy on drug utilization of county-level medical institutions, and probe into the influencing factors of the changes in drug utilization. Method: A pre-post study was applied using inpatient data from a county-level medical institution in Nanjing. Drug utilization behavior of medical institutions of 88 most commonly used policy-related drugs (by generic name, including bid-winning and bid-non-winning brands) was analyzed, and the substitution of bid-winning brands for brand-name drugs after policy intervention was evaluated. Results: After policy intervention, 43.18% of policy-related drugs realized the substitution of bid-winning brands for bid-non-winning brands (6.82% of complete substitution, 36.36% of partial substitution). Meanwhile, 40.90% of policy-related drugs failed to realize brand substitution. Multiple factors affected brand substitution, including: (1) Policy effect: brand substitution was more obvious after the intervention of the first and third round of NCDP. (2) Drug market competition: the greater the price reduction of bid-non-winning brands, the more the drugs for the same indication, the more likely that medical institutions keep using the same brands as they did before policy intervention. (3) Previous drug utilization of medical institutions: brand substitution was more obvious in drugs with large number of prescriptions and weak preference for brand-name drugs. Conclusion: The NCDP policy promoted the substitution of bid-winning brands for bid-non-winning brands. However, the NCDP policy remained to be further implemented in county-level medical institutions. Policy implememtation efforts, drug market competition and drug utilization of medical institutions would affect the implementation of the NCDP policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chronic shoulder and neck pain is one of the most common chronic occupational disorders, with an average incidence rate of 48.5%, severely affecting patients' quality of life and ability to work. According to epidemiological research, the prevalence of chronic neck, shoulder, and low back pain in adults over the age of 45 ranges from 40 to 80%. According to reports, medical staff have a higher incidence rate than other populations, and there is a positive correlation between the grade of the medical institution and the incidence rate, making medical staff a priority group for the prevention of chronic neck, shoulder, and low back pain. By the end of 2022, China has been fully opened to epidemic prevention and control, the total number of patients in domestic hospitals has increased significantly, and resulting in medical personnel shoulting great pressure, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of medical personnel. The aim of this study was to explore the risk factors of chronic neck, shoulder and lumbar back pain in medical staff. To provide guidelines for medical staff to improve cervical and lumbar subacute pain and reduce the emergence of spinal lesions. Methods: From January to February 2023, 602 staff members of a third-grade hospital in Zunyi City were studied by Questionnaire star. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the independent risk factors of chronic neck, shoulder and lumbar back pain in medical staff, with stepwise regression utilized to choose the optimum model. The model was selected using Akaike's information criterion (AIC) and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. Results: A total of 602 medical staff were polled, and the findings revealed that 588 cases of chronic neck, shoulder, and low back pain of varied severity had occurred in the previous 1 to 2 years, with a 97.7% incidence rate; logistic regression analysis revealed that anxiety level, frequency of bending over in the previous 1 to 2 years, whether related preventive measures were taken at work, gender, positive senior title, daily ambulation time, and whether the department they worked in organized independent influencing factors. Conclusion: The incidence of chronic neck, shoulder, and lumbar back pain among medical staff is high; its influencing factors are different and have not been systematically identified. Hospitals should take effective measures tailored to local conditions to improve the physical and mental health of medical staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] Under the background of the rural revitalization strategy, the influencing factors of the work performance of township cadres and their interrelationships are explored, and the influencing factors index system is constructed to sort out the influencing relationships in combination with the formula P=f (S,O,M,E) of the work performance impact mechanism. [Method] Based on the literature research and expert research methods, the influencing factors of the work performance of township cadres are extracted and identified, and the influencing factor index system is constructed from the four dimensions of skills (S), opportunities (0), incentives (M), and environment (E). The quantitative calculation of the influencing factors is carried out through the DEMATEL decision-making laboratory method and the results are analyzed. Result] According to the research, motivation (M) and environment (E) are mainly cause factors, and skills (S) and opportunities (0) are mainly result factors, among which communication skills (A1), learning opportunities (A6), policy opportunities (A4), organizational skills (A2) and professional skills (A3) are highly focused, and relevant research should be paid attention to. [Conclusion] The results provide theoretical and practical guidance for in-depth identification of the significance and differences of the influencing factors of the work performance of township cadres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) during the menopausal transition results in reproductive endocrine disorders and both physiological and pathological changes, substantially impacting women's health. This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing AUB in perimenopausal women. Between April 2021 and June 2022, 120 perimenopausal women with AUB in the menopausal transition, diagnosed and treated at the Gynaecology Department of Kunming Tongren Hospital, were included in the case group. Concurrently, women undergoing routine health examinations at the same hospital were randomly selected as the control group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified factors related to AUB. The univariate analysis revealed significant associations (P < 0.05) between AUB and several factors, including age, body mass index (BMI), age at menarche, gravidity, and intrauterine device (IUD) placement in perimenopausal women. The multivariate regression analysis indicated that the independent risk factors for AUB include benign endometrial lesions (odds ratio [OR] 5.243, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.082–9.458, P < 0.001), endometrial thickness ≥ 10 mm (OR 1.573, 95% CI 0.984–3.287, P < 0.001), age ≥ 50 years (OR 2.045, 95% CI 1.035–4.762, P = 0.001), BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (OR 2.436, 95% CI 1.43–4.86, P = 0.002), and IUD placement (OR 2.458, 95% CI 1.253–4.406, P < 0.001). Abnormal uterine bleeding during the menopausal transition is associated with several factors, including age, BMI, and IUD placement, highlighting the importance of early screening for these risk factors in the diagnosis and treatment of AUB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Dai people are primarily found in Yunnan Province, China, and have a long heritage there. The latest national census reports that Yunnan is home to 1,259,000 individuals of the Dai ethnic group. This study focuses on 3504 Dai settlements in Yunnan, identified through county records. Using the ArcGIS spatial analysis platform, we first evaluated their settlements' spatial distribution patterns using metrics like the nearest neighbor index and geographic concentration index. Then, we applied geodetector to investigate the underlying mechanisms of their distribution. The results reveal that: (1) Dai settlements in Yunnan Province generally have a cohesive spatial distribution; at the provincial level, however, there is an uneven distribution pattern, with many densely populated areas and a pattern of "two cores, one belt, one area, and two points"; (2) The Dai settlements predominantly occupy the third gradient of the vertical zonation, with Dai gathering settlements primarily found in the Lancang, Ayeyarwaddy, and Red River basins. Conversely, Dai mixed settlements are mainly situated in the Lancang, Red, and Nu River basins; (3) Analysis via geodetector indicates that ethnocultural factors are the most significant in determining the spatial distribution of the Dai settlements, followed by socio-economic and natural factors; (4) The distribution of settlements is significantly influenced by the proportion of the Dai population within these settlements. Dai gathering settlements are typically located on flat slopes with elevations ranging from 500 to 1000 m and slopes of 0°–5°. Meanwhile, Dai mixed settlements are found on gentle slopes with elevations of 1000–2000 m and slopes of 5°–15°. The study reveals that the location of Dai settlements is strongly influenced by environmental considerations and has a significant explanation from similar origins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]