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To clarify the influence range and saturation distribution after the biogas desaturation method is applied, a three-dimensional model is established with TOUGH2 software to analyze the effect of construction parameters such as grouting volume, grouting rate, grouting depth, nitrogen source concentration, and soil porosity. After that, the sensitivity of the parameters on the influence range is determined. The grouting volume and soil porosity are the most sensitive to the lateral and vertical influence range, respectively. This study provides a basis for the engineering practice of treating liquefiable subgrade by the biogas desaturation method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The green tide caused by Ulva prolifera (U. prolifera) is becoming more severe as climate change and human activity accelerate, endangering tourism, aquaculture, and urban landscapes in coastal cities. In order to understand the spatio-temporal distribution of U. prolifera in response to the green tide disaster, this study used the Haiyang-1C (HY-1C) satellite accompanied by the Sentinel-2 and GaoFen-1 (GF-1) satellites to systematically monitor U. prolifera between 2020 and 2022. The consistency of U. prolifera distribution between the HY-1C and Sentinel-2 satellites, as well as the HY-1C and GF-1 satellites, was first investigated and the determination coefficients (R2) were 0.966 and 0.991, respectively, which supports the feasibility of China's first ocean water color operational satellite, HY-1C, for U. prolifera monitoring. Therefore, the spatio-temporal distribution of U. prolifera is studied herein, along with the influence range, influence area, and drift paths. From 2020 to 2022, U. prolifera appeared in late May and lasted for 61, 88, and 73 days. Additionally, the in influence area continuously decreased in 2020 and 2022, while it generally increased and then decreased in 2021. It is an interesting phenomenon that when the maximum influence area occurred at the early stage of U. prolifera in both 2020 and 2022, the drift paths tended to move southward after traveling northward. The overall trend of the drift path in 2021 was to head northward. Thus, the study of the dynamic evolution, influence range, influence area, and drift paths of U. prolifera is helpful to promote the systematic development of emergency response mechanisms for U. prolifera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identifying key nodes in multi-layer networks is a hot research topic in complex network science and has broad application prospects, such as in mining enterprises that significantly affecting multi-layer industrial chains. Unlike single-layer networks, nodes in multi-layer networks exhibit heterogeneity due to varying connections and locations. There are also correlations between different network layers, which is particularly evident in industrial chains where companies operate across multiple layers of production, supply and distribution. It is necessary to consider the impact of these layers on the global performance of key node identification. In addition, due to changes in connections, the community structure of each network layer should be different, reflecting the dynamic nature of industrial collaborations and partnerships. However, existing research lacks the model that addresses the above problems. Therefore, this paper proposes a key node identification method based on Dynamic Influence Range and Community Importance (DIRCI), using both local and global information of the multi-layer network simultaneously. DIRCI determines the importance of nodes through three centrality measures: dynamic influence range-based centrality, network layer centrality and community-based centrality. Dynamic influence range-based centrality models node heterogeneity by combining the influence range of nodes and their neighbors with lower computational costs. Network layer centrality captures the corresponding importance for different network layers. Community-based centrality comprehensively considers the importance of community, the importance of each node within the community and between different communities. Experimental results for nineteen multi-layer networks show that DIRCI achieves better performance of key node identification than the latest algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The computational cost of discrete element modelling is high owing to the limitations of particle size and contact in fibre modelling. This paper proposes an optimised discrete element method (DEM) for a hybrid model of soil and fibres based on the fibre influence range. First, a relative velocity state function is established based on the relative motion state between the fibres and soil particles under undrained cyclic loading. Subsequently, the influence range of the fibres is determined using the relative velocity function based on the first few cycles of the undrained cyclic loading numerical tests. Cluster and clump models of the fibre are then generated based on the influence range of the fibre. Finally, a symmetrical shape of the optimised model is developed by extracting the distribution length of the edge curve of the influence range along the vertical direction of the axis. In this study, the proposed optimised DEM was validated through a series of undrained cyclic loading numerical tests on fibre-reinforced soil. The results of the optimised model were highly consistent with those of the traditional model, and the computational time was significantly reduced. The cyclic loading timing for determining the range of influence of the fibre was analysed. The optimised model based on the influence range of the 15th cycles not only restored almost the same results but also saved the calculation cost by nearly eight times. The optimised model established based on the influence range after the 15th cycles had a slight influence on the results. In addition, the applicability of the optimised model is discussed. This paper provides new insights into the establishment of a hybrid model of soil and fibres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The post-failure process of soil slope triggered by earthquake is usually characterized by large deformation, which can be properly addressed by SPH simulation. Meanwhile, it is of engineering significance to evaluate the sliding volume and influence range after the failure of soil slope. The simulation method is based on the Drucker–Prager constitutive model and the SPH method. The fixity boundary and free boundary particles are adopted to realize the application of ground motion and the simulation of free field boundary, and this study proposes a dynamic analysis model for the whole-failure process simulation of soil slope under earthquakes. By comparing the PGA amplification coefficients obtained from the model test and numerical simulation, the accuracy of ground motion input and ground motion response simulation is verified. Then, the proposed dynamic analysis method is used to simulate a shaking table test of soil slope in the literature. The results of the deformation of the soil slope after the test are compared to verify the accuracy of the analysis method in the soil slope displacement and the influence range under the earthquake action. Finally, by comparing the SPH results of slopes under different angles with and without vibration, this study obtains the variation rules of sliding material volume and the influence range of soil slope under seismic vibration. The greater the slope angle is, the greater the displacement of the slope will be with vibration, and the sliding material volume will present different trends under different displacement thresholds. Moreover, the horizontal displacement of the slope under the effect of an earthquake increases nonlinearly with the increase of slope incline angle.

The damage of overlying strata and ground surface caused by the one-time mining space is relatively severe in steeply inclined extra-thick coal seams. The unique law of surface subsidence at these conditions is still missing. Taking Huating Dongxia Coal Mine as the research background, this paper reveals the law-governing effects on rock strata and surface movement and deformation caused by steeply inclined extra-thick coal seam mining with different coal seam dip angles and coal thicknesses by using the methods of surface measurement, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation. Based on the characteristics of the surface inclination deformation, the surface is divided into four areas along the tendency section line—namely, an outcrop discontinuous deformation area, an overall subsidence area, a gradual subsidence area, and a slight subsidence area. The results show that the influence of the coal seam dip angle on surface subsidence zoning in steeply inclined and thick coal seams is mainly reflected in the affected area range and the form of damage. Coal thickness has a weak effect on the form of rock strata damage and surface movement. Utilizing the influence of the coal seam dip angle and coal seam thickness on the change in the surface subsidence zoning, the calculation formulas for each area range and zoning angle in relation to the coal seam dip angle, coal thickness, mining depth, and vertical stage height are established. The research results can provide a reference to evaluate the influence of mining, especially in steeply inclined extra-thick coal seams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The differential movement on the hanging wall and the footwall of an earth fissure creates inevitable damage to the structures near the fissure, especially infrastructure built over the fissure. However, previous research has mostly regarded the influence range of long fissures as being a constant value and did not consider the disaster characteristics of the affected engineering structures, especially roads and buildings. The relationship between the disaster-causing mechanism and the influence range of an earth fissure on different structures is still unclear. The Huangzhuang-Gaoliying earth fissure in Beijing has a total length of 7 km and has been active since the 1970s, which is one of the most representative earth fissures in China. Since there are various common civil constructions and roads along the line, this fissure was taken as an example to carry out the research. Through detailed investigation and comparative analysis of the damages on the structures along the earth fissure, the disaster characteristics, failure modes and influence ranges of an earth fissure on the nearby structures were analyzed successively. The disaster characteristics of structures near the earth fissure depend on the distance, material characteristics, and structural strength. The subsurface expansion mode of earth fissures shows that the activity of the earth fissure will form a rupture deformation zone and a subsidence zone. The failure modes of the affected structures, including deflection, dislocation, tension, tension-shear, and compound damages, are summarized. Afterward, the influence ranges of the Huangzhuang-Gaoliying earth fissure on different structures are estimated. The dominant failure modes and common disasters within the different ranges of the earth fissure are discussed in order to provide a reference for the demarcation of the influence ranges of earth fissures in other areas. Suggestions for disaster prevention and mitigation for structures with different failure modes are also given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most previous studies have focused on the impact of subways on housing prices instead of rents, while the latter could better measure residential values. Based on a dataset collected from a real estate agency in Beijing, which contains more than 900,000 housing rental transaction records from 2011 to 2020, this paper empirically evaluates the causal effect of subway network expansion on housing rents. It employs a series of progressive difference-in-difference (DID) approaches, to estimate the impact and determine the impact scope. The findings demonstrate that a reduction of the distance to subway stations by 1 km increases the rents by 2.32%; the impact scope is about 1.5 km and the average rent appreciation within the range is 5%. The addition of a line for non-transfer stations raises the rents by 10% for houses 1.5–2 km away from the stations, extending the impact scope. Houses with large areas in upscale and old neighborhoods near the city center are affected less by subways. It also confirms the siphon effect in the rental market, i.e.: rents of houses far away from the new stations fall after the opening of the stations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most previous studies have focused on the impact of subways on housing prices instead of rents, while the latter could better measure residential values. Based on a dataset collected from a real estate agency in Beijing, which contains more than 900,000 housing rental transaction records from 2011 to 2020, this paper empirically evaluates the causal effect of subway network expansion on housing rents. It employs a series of progressive difference-in-difference (DID) approaches, to estimate the impact and determine the impact scope. The findings demonstrate that a reduction of the distance to subway stations by 1 km increases the rents by 2.32%; the impact scope is about 1.5 km and the average rent appreciation within the range is 5%. The addition of a line for non-transfer stations raises the rents by 10% for houses 1.5–2 km away from the stations, extending the impact scope. Houses with large areas in upscale and old neighborhoods near the city center are affected less by subways. It also confirms the siphon effect in the rental market, i.e.: rents of houses far away from the new stations fall after the opening of the stations.

The green tide caused by Ulva prolifera (U. prolifera) is becoming more severe as climate change and human activity accelerate, endangering tourism, aquaculture, and urban landscapes in coastal cities. In order to understand the spatio-temporal distribution of U. prolifera in response to the green tide disaster, this study used the Haiyang-1C (HY-1C) satellite accompanied by the Sentinel-2 and GaoFen-1 (GF-1) satellites to systematically monitor U. prolifera between 2020 and 2022. The consistency of U. prolifera distribution between the HY-1C and Sentinel-2 satellites, as well as the HY-1C and GF-1 satellites, was first investigated and the determination coefficients (R2) were 0.966 and 0.991, respectively, which supports the feasibility of China’s first ocean water color operational satellite, HY-1C, for U. prolifera monitoring. Therefore, the spatio-temporal distribution of U. prolifera is studied herein, along with the influence range, influence area, and drift paths. From 2020 to 2022, U. prolifera appeared in late May and lasted for 61, 88, and 73 days. Additionally, the in influence area continuously decreased in 2020 and 2022, while it generally increased and then decreased in 2021. It is an interesting phenomenon that when the maximum influence area occurred at the early stage of U. prolifera in both 2020 and 2022, the drift paths tended to move southward after traveling northward. The overall trend of the drift path in 2021 was to head northward. Thus, the study of the dynamic evolution, influence range, influence area, and drift paths of U. prolifera is helpful to promote the systematic development of emergency response mechanisms for U. prolifera.

Copyright of China Sciencepaper is the property of China Sciencepaper and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In view of the three-dimensional dynamic abutment pressure, the influence of the far-field hard stratum (FHS) in deep, thick coal seams is indeterminant. Based on elastic foundation theory, a three-dimensional dynamic prediction model of the abutment pressure was established. Using this model, the dynamic change in the coal seam abutment pressure caused by the movement of the FHS was studied, and a method for determining the dynamic change range of the abutment pressure was developed. The results of the new prediction model of the abutment pressure are slightly higher than the measured values, with an error of 0.51%, which avoids the shortcomings of the results because the Winkler foundation model results are lower than the measured values and have an error of 9.98%. As time progresses, the abutment pressure and its distribution range are affected by the FHS movement, which has the characteristics of gradually increasing dynamic change until the FHS fractures. The peak value of the abutment pressure increases linearly with time, and the influence range increases with time following a power function with an exponent of less than 1. The influence range of the FHS movement on the abutment pressure ahead of the working face, behind the working face, and along the working face is 10 times, 25 times, and 17 times the mining thickness, respectively. According to the actual geological parameters, the dynamic change range of the coal seam abutment pressure was determined by drawing an additional stress curve and by determining the threshold value. These research results are of great significance to the partition optimization of the roadway support design of deep, thick coal seams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Slavica Wratislaviensia is the property of Wroclaw University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Buildings, hard surfaces, vegetation, and water bodies are the four main urban surface types in the study region that are categorized in this study. It uses summer land surface temperature (LST)1 data obtained with a spatial resolution of 1 × 1 m using thermal imaging mounted on a drone, with a case study centering on a small to medium-sized Chinese town. To assess urban spatial morphology indicators within different ranges around the sample sites, buffer zones at 30 m , 50 m , 100 m , and 150 m were developed. The study determined the effective response range, identified the important urban spatial morphology indicators influencing LST, and examined the link between summer LST and various urban spatial morphologies for the four surface types. The results show that, close to the sample locations, Natural Environment Indicators (NEI) often have a cooling effect whereas Building Indicators (BI) typically have a warming effect. The influence of spatial morphologies on summer LST was primarily centered between 30 m and 50 m from the sample sites. The primary spatial morphological indicators determining LST for various underlying surface types within various spatial ranges are the building structure index (BSI) and water surface rate (WP). The response modes, response ranges, and response intensities of LST, however, varied significantly among various underlying surface types. This work provides new insights into how urban morphological characteristics affect the fine-scale spatial variation of LST within urban heat islands (UHI). • Different types of surface LSTs are affected differently by spatial morphology. • In all sites, ABI warms LST, while NEI cools it. • While NEI generally cools, some surface types are warm. • Spatial morphologies mainly impacted LST within 30 m –50 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tunnel Construction / Suidao Jianshe (Zhong-Yingwen Ban) is the property of Tunnel Construction Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

When horizontal jet grouting is conducted in fine-grained soils, the injection of large volumes of fluid with high injection pressure into the ground may cause ground surface upheaval and the lateral movement of subsoil. This paper provides a numerical approach to calculate the ground displacement caused by installing a horizontal column based on determination of the influencing radius of injection pressure and the volumetric expansion strain caused by fluid injection. During the course of this study, the relationship between the influencing radius, column radius, volumetric expansion strain, and jetting parameters is established. The proposed numerical approach is applied to analyze a case history conducted in Shanghai soft soil deposits, which include the monitoring of vertical displacement of the ground surface and lateral displacement of the subsoil during construction. A comparison of the results between the simulated values with the Mohr Coulomb model and field data demonstrates that the numerical approach can yield a reasonable prediction of these field measurements when the influencing radius is six times the radius of the column. The influence range of the horizontal jet grouting activity is also discussed by numerical analysis with respect to two soil models (the Mohr Coulomb model and the hardening soil model). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn were studied in soil, plants, three grasshopper species (Aiolopus thalassinus (Fabricius, 1781), Calephorus compressicornis (Latreille, 1804), and Acrotylus patruelis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1838)), and a mantid (Miomantis paykullii Stål, 1871), to estimate the scale of spatial influence of a point pollution source, to investigate metal bioaccumulation up the soil-plant-grasshopper-mantid food chain, and to assess these insects as ecological bioindicators. Plant, insect, and soil sampling was undertaken simultaneously from grass margins of an arable farmland near an industrial complex in Al-Tebbin. Correlation analyses revealed a pollution gradient, with samples closest to the industrial activities having the highest concentrations of heavy metals. Sigmoid curves indicated that the influence radius of the industrial zone for heavy metal contamination in soil, plants, and grasshoppers was in the range of 3.0-4.0 km. The average concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the three grasshopper species were 4.9, 4.0, 73.9, 210, 5.2, 12.0, and 224.2 mg/kg, respectively, while those in the predaceous mantid were 9.0, 7.9, 106.4, 400, 14.8, 23.0, and 463.7 mg/kg, respectively. The metal content did not increase from soil to grasses, but at plant-primary consumer level, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were biomagnified, and, in general, all metal concentrations increased with an increase in the trophic level (i.e., secondary consumer). In light of this site-dependent accumulation of heavy metals and their biomagnification patterns, the investigated acridids can be considered bioindicators of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Architecture & Civil Engineering is the property of Chang'an Daxue Zazhishe and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Extreme waves forced by extreme winds, such as tropical cyclones, pose a great threat to ocean and coastal structures. Therefore, the study on the influence range of tropical cyclones on ocean waves is crucial in the engineering community. In this study, the comparative advantages of different wind input and dissipation schemes available in the third-generation wave model, WAVEWATCH III, are explored in most of the China Seas, where tropical cyclones frequently occur, including the Yellow Sea, East China Sea and northern South China Sea. Compared with buoy observations, the effects of 6 parameterization schemes of input and dissipation source terms on the simulated tropical cyclone-generated waves show that the simulation with the parameterization ST6-4.18 performs well, especially during strong wind. Analyzing the simulated wave fields forced by 90 tropical cyclones, the influence ranges of tropical cyclones on ocean waves are derived, performing along the left and right sides of the tropical cyclone track. The resulting formulas can be used to screen out the tropical cyclone-generated wave for studying the extreme wave and predict the influence of tropical cyclones on waves in the engineering area before the tropical cyclone approaches. • Six parameterization schemes for input and dissipation source terms in WW3 are compared in most of the China Seas. • The influences (intensity and range) of tropical cyclones on ocean waves are analyzed. • Influence ranges of tropical cyclones on waves are estimated on the left and right sides of tropical cyclone tracks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on daily air-temperature data of 86 weather stations in recent 52 years (1961-2012) in Guangdong Province, South China, annual cold wave events in each station were calculated. Then, the spatiotemporal characteristics of cold wave over Guangdong Province were thoroughly analyzed by wavelet transform and other statistical analysis method. The results indicate that: (1) The cold wave frequency gradually decreased from north to south, from inland to coastal area and from highland to lower land showing evident regional variance; if there occurred a large range of cold wave, the temperature fall caused by cold wave would be bigger in southwestern area than in the rest of Guangdong Province; (2) 161 regional cold wave events in total invaded Guangdong in recent 52 years. The cold waves can be classified into three invasion paths: north, northeast and west. Most of cold waves took the north path, and a few of them took the west path only; (3) Based on the influence range, the cold wave can be divided into 4 grades. The climatic characteristic of each grade shows that the larger the range of influence was, the more severe the hazard of cold wave would be; (4) Cold wave whose influence range was smaller than 10 % of provincial area happened almost every year, and the frequency was 1.9 annually; cold wave whose influence range was larger than 50 % happened 13 times in recent 52 years; (5) The intensity of cold wave over Guangdong was declining at the rate of 5.5 station-day per year; it also had an inter-decadal oscillation period of 10-14 years, and an obvious inter-annual oscillation period of 3-4 years before 2000; (6) Cold wave frequency of each month varied significantly, 76 % of which occurred during December to next February; (7) The snow disaster of 2008 had caused great losses to Guangdong agriculture. But according to the criteria of cold wave, only 22 stations (25 %) of Guangdong actually reached the standard of cold wave. Therefore, the cold disaster index should be additionally considered when analyzing the impact of disaster by cold air process, and the relationship between cold wave and cold disaster is worth further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The hazardous chemical accidents remain a matter of major concern. However, there is a dearth of practical measures about the emergency management of hazardous chemicals leakage. Therefore, in order to provide more accurate management plan, quantitative risk assessment has become a critical issue in chemical industry. The main aim of this study is to quantify the risk of hazardous chemicals leakage, and take precautions against the accidents. In this study, a Fire-Explosion-Poisoning Quantitative Probability Model (FEPQPM) has been established. The paper introduced the probability analysis methods to analyze derivative accidents caused by hazardous chemicals leakage, established quantitative risk assessment models, and made acceptable risk level analysis. This model has been applied to quantitatively assess an enterprise’s storage tank at Changshou Chemical Industrial Distripark (CID) in Chongqing, China. Evaluation results are in line with the actual situation of the CID. It is shown that the probability of poisoning is very large, causing more economic loss than the other two types of accidents, and death toll of leakage accident increases over time, resulting in greater economic losses. The risk level of leakage accident involving poisoning is unacceptable. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Cd and Pb contents in soil, plants, and two grasshopper species ( Locusta migratoria manilensis and Acrida chinensis) were examined to quantify the influence ranges of zinc smelting on heavy metal contamination. Samples were collected simultaneously from Huludao City, a chemical and nonferrous smelting base in Northeast China. Cd and Pb contamination in soil and plants were serious. Cd and Pb contents were 13.32 and 8.83 mg/kg in L. migratoria manilensis and 16.67 and 15.00 mg/kg in A. chinensis, respectively. Correlation analysis indicated the same metal source for Cd and Pb in soil, plants, and grasshoppers. Cd and Pb contents in soil, plants, and grasshoppers were all significantly related to distances far from the zinc smelter in good negative logarithm model. The fitting curves indicated that the influence radius of the smelter on heavy metal contamination was about 4,000 m for soil and plants and about 2,000 m for grasshoppers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we proposed a new methodology of urban thermal environment based on LANDSAT-8 data, to quantitate the influence of various LUTs on the ambient land surface temperature (LST). In this methodology, we developed an urban thermal environment contribution index based on the sliding spatial adaptative window (SSAW-CI), to better quantitate the thermal contribution of each LUT. Two basic assumptions of this methodology are that the influence of the same LUT varies on different LUTs and that the LUT with higher LST may not have a greater heating effect. Thus, we divided each pixel into 7 categories and these 7 LUTs were combined in 49 different ways (including the influence among same LUTs). A case study for Beijing showed that: a) The influence of 73% LUTs on ambient LST reached a relatively stable distance and the distance can be quantitated. b) It was remarkably different in influence intensity among the LUTs with a stable influence range. c) Water body, vegetation, and bare soil had the cooling effect on built-up area of Beijing. All the artificial objects had the heating effect. • We proposed a new methodology to quantitate the thermal impact of land uses. • We developed the contribution index based on the sliding spatial adaptative window. • The influence of the same land use type varies on different land use types. • The land use type with higher land surface temperature may not have a greater heating effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a body of literature on the influence range and traffic risk of fixed work zones. However, relatively few studies have examined the effect of ubiquitous moving operating vehicles, such as road cleaners, on urban roads. The influence of low speed moving work zones on road traffic flow and traffic risk is still unclear. In this work, we used simulations to establish an urban expressway three lanes VISSIM model, and selected the road traffic volume and speed of the moving work zone as the independent variables. We analyzed the range of influence of the moving work zone on the rear vehicles in the left, middle and right lanes of the urban expressway and the traffic risk variation law caused by the moving work zone. The results show that the left lane was indirectly affected by the moving work zone when the traffic volume reached 2000 pcu/h. The influence of the moving work zone on the middle lane was controlled by the traffic volume and the speed of the moving work zone. Both the left and middle lanes were mainly impacted by vehicles changing lane from the right lane. Regardless of the traffic volume and the speed of the moving work zone change, the vehicles 200 m behind a moving work zone will be directly affected in the right lane. Furthermore, the average traffic risk is the highest within 50 m of the moving work zone in the right lane. When the traffic volume decreases and the speed of the moving work zone increases, the average traffic risk decreases gradually. These results provide a scientific basis for the operation and management of moving working vehicles on urban roads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Earth fissures are a major cause for concern worldwide, and an ever-increasing number of geohazards are being caused by fissures. However, the dynamic response of sites with earth fissures is still unclear. With the aim of providing previously lacking advice regarding earthquake fortification in proximity to fissures, this study employed microtremors to estimate the effect of fissures on the dynamic response of a site, taking fissures in the Linfen Basin as its example. Survey lines were laid across four earth fissures in three different regions: the Linfen depression, the Houma depression, and the piedmont of Lvliang Mountain. The time-history acceleration of microtremors was transformed into the Fourier amplitude spectrum, response acceleration, Arias intensity, and H/V spectral ratio. The results show that the frequency contents, including the spectral pattern, bandwidth, and spectral area, are consistent with the conditions in each region. The Fourier amplitude, peak acceleration, Arias intensity and H/V ratio amplitude are significantly elevated near the fissure, falling to the background value by 20 m away from it, whereas the predominant frequencies are independent of distance from the fissure. This change in the amplification factors confirms that earth fissures amplify the dynamic response of the site. A larger range of influence and greater amplification were detected on the hanging side of the fissure. Results from different regions show that the amplification and range of influence vary between regions. On the basis of the results, it is suggested that a higher seismic fortification intensity and a greater setback distance should be adopted at sites with earth fissures. • The effect of fissure on the dynamic response of a site is estimated by microtremor. • Fourier spectrum, response acceleration, Arias intensity, and HVSR is utilized. • The spectrum amplitude and intensity of site increase with distance from fissure. • The seismic fortification and setback distance of site with fissure is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Finding the most influential nodes in social networks has significant applications. A number of methods have been recently proposed to estimate influentiality of nodes based on their structural location in the network. It has been shown that the number of neighbors shared by a node and its neighbors accounts for determining its influence. In this paper, an improved cluster rank approach is presented that takes into account common hierarchy of nodes and their neighborhood set. A number of experiments are conducted on synthetic and real networks to reveal effectiveness of the proposed ranking approach. We also consider ground-truth influence ranking based on Susceptible–Infected–Recovered model, on which performance of the proposed ranking algorithm is verified. The experiments show that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]