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Hyacinth bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet], a plant belonging to the leguminous family and traditionally used for medicinal purposes in China, is a valuable resource with a wide range of health benefits. This review examines the bioactive compounds, health‐promoting properties and functional food potential of hyacinth bean, highlighting its role in protecting against metabolic diseases and the underlying molecular mechanisms. According to existing research, hyacinth bean contains a diverse array of bioactive compounds, Consumption of hyacinth beans and hyacinth bean‐related processed food products, as well as their use in medicines, is associated with a variety of health benefits that are increasingly favoured by the scientific community. In light of these findings, we posit that hyacinth bean holds great promise for further research and food application. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Lablab is one of the conventionally grown multi-purpose crops that originated in Africa. It is an annual or short-lived perennial forage legume which has versatile uses (as a vegetable and dry seeds, as food or feed, or as green manure) but is yet to receive adequate research attention and hence remains underexploited. To develop new and highly productive lablab varieties, using genomics-assisted selection, the present study aimed to identify quantitative trait loci associated with agronomically important traits in lablab and to assess the stability of these traits across two different agro-ecologies in Ethiopia. Here, we resequenced one hundred and forty-two lablab accessions, utilised whole genome genotyping approaches, and conducted multi-locational phenotyping over two years. Results: The selected lablab accessions displayed significant agro-morphological variation in eight analysed traits, including plant height, total fresh weight, and total dry weight. Furthermore, the agronomic performance of the accessions was significantly different across locations and years, highlighting substantial genotype-by-environment interactions. The population genetic structure of the lablab accessions, based on ~ 500,000 informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), revealed an independent domestication pattern for two-seeded and four-seeded lablab accessions. Finally, based on multi-environmental trial data, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified useful SNPs and k-mers for key traits, such as plant height and total dry weight. Conclusions: The publicly available genomic tools and field evaluation data from this study will offer a valuable resource for plant breeders and researchers to inform a new cycle of lablab breeding. With the aid of these tools, the breeding cycle will be significantly reduced and livestock farmers will have access to improved lablab varieties in a shorter time-frame. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the storage quality of hyacinth bean after harvest, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was used as an exogenous NO donor in this study. Hyacinth bean was soaked in 0.2 mmol/L SNP solution or distilled water as control for 10 min and then stored at (20 ± 1) ℃ and 80%–90% relative humidity. Decay incidence, rust incidence, hardness, the contents of total soluble solids (TSS), malondialdehyde (MDA), flavonoids, total phenols and chlorophyll, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine ammoniase (PAL), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)) were observed during the storage period. The results showed that exogenous NO treatment could inhibit the rot and rust, keep the color and hardness, and inhibit the degradation of TSS and chlorophyll in hyacinth bean, so that hyacinth bean could maintain good sensory quality. Exogenous NO treatment could also prevent the accumulation of MDA and increase the contents of total phenols and flavonoids. In addition, exogenous NO treatment maintained the activities of PAL, CAT and APX during storage, and inhibited the increase in the activities of POD and PPO, thereby enhancing the antioxidant capacity and delaying the maturation and senescence of hyacinth bean. In conclusion, exogenous NO treatment can delay the postharvest maturation and senescence, maintain the physiological quality during storage, and effectively prolong the shelf life of hyacinth bean.

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Introduction: In natural systems, diverse plant communities tend to prevent a single species from dominating. Similarly, management of invasive alien plants may be achieved through various combinations of competing species. Methods: We used a de Wit replacement series to compare different combinations of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam), hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) and mile-a-minute (Mikania micrantha Kunth) through measures of photosynthesis, plant growth, nutrient levels in plant tissue and soil, and competitive ability. Results: Cultured alone sweet potato and hyacinth beans exhibited higher total biomass, leafstalk length, and leaf area than mile-a-minute. In mixed culture, either sweet potato or hyacinth bean or both together significantly suppressed the mile-a-minute parameters, i.e., plant height, branch, leaf, adventitious root, and biomass (P<0.05). Based on a significantly lower than 1.0 relative yield of the three plant species in mixed culture, we showed intraspecific competition to be less than interspecific competition. Calculated indices (relative yield, relative yield total, competitive balance index, and change in contribution) demonstrated a higher competitive ability and higher influence of either crop compared to mile-a-minute. The presence of sweet potato and hyacinth bean, especially with both species in combination, significantly reduced (P<0.05) mile-a-minute's net photosynthetic rate (Pn), antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and malondialdehyde), chlorophyll content, and nutrient content (N, P, and K). In soil with mile-a-minute in monoculture soil organic matter, total and available N, total and available K, and available P were significantly greater (P<0.05) than in soil with sweet potato grown in monoculture, but less than in soil with hyacinth bean grown in monoculture soil. Nutrient soil content was comparatively reduced for plant mixtures. Plant height, leaf, biomass, Pn, antioxidant enzyme activities, and plant and soil nutrient contents of sweet potato and hyacinth bean tended to be much greater when grown with two crops compared to in mixture with just sweet potato or hyacinth bean. Discussion: Our results suggest that the competitive abilities of both sweet potato and hyacinth bean were greater than that of mile-a-minute, and also that mile-a-minute suppression was significantly improved via a combination of the two crops compared to either sweet potato or hyacinth bean alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, genetic diversity and structure of 474 cultivated and 19 wild lablab (Lablab purpureus) accessions. were determined using 15 nuclear and 6 chloroplast SSR markers. The overall gene diversity was relatively low (0.3441). Gene diversity in the wild accessions (0.6059) was about two-folds greater than that in the cultivated accessions. In the wild accessions, gene diversity was greatest in the southern Africa, followed by East Africa. In the cultivated accessions, gene diversity was highest in the eastern Africa. The results suggested that South Africa is the center of origin and East Africa is the center of domestication of lablab. Different cluster analyses showed that 2-seeded-pod cultivated accessions (ssp. uncinatus) were clustered with wild accessions and that 4–(6)-seeded-pod cultivated accessions (ssp. purpureus and bengalensis) were intermingled. UPGMA tree suggested that ssp. purpureus and bengalensis were domesticated from 4-seeded-pod wild accessions of southern Africa. Haplotype network analysis based on nuclear SSRs revealed two domestication routes; the ssp. uncinatus is domesticated from 2-seeded-pod wild lablab (wild spp. uncinatus) from East Africa (Ethiopia), while the ssp. purpureus and bengalensis are domesticated from 4-seeded-pod wild lablab from Central Africa (Rwanda). These results are useful for understanding domestication and revising classification of lablab. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aqueous zinc-ion capacitors (ZICs) have the special superiority that the conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and supercapacitors cannot compare. Herein, we use biomass hyacinth bean to be carbon source to obtain 3D porous structure material CHB by a facile way. The so-obtained CHB is used as the cathode to assemble to ZICs, which exhibits good electrochemical performances with the specific capacity of 85.3 mAh g−1 and energy density of 76.8 Wh kg−1, as well as good stability. The as-prepared ZICs have the potential to be applied in energy storage for safety transportation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, genetic diversity and structure of 474 cultivated and 19 wild lablab (Lablab purpureus) accessions. were determined using 15 nuclear and 6 chloroplast SSR markers. The overall gene diversity was relatively low (0.3441). Gene diversity in the wild accessions (0.6059) was about two-folds greater than that in the cultivated accessions. In the wild accessions, gene diversity was greatest in the southern Africa, followed by East Africa. In the cultivated accessions, gene diversity was highest in the eastern Africa. The results suggested that South Africa is the center of origin and East Africa is the center of domestication of lablab. Different cluster analyses showed that 2-seeded-pod cultivated accessions (ssp. uncinatus) were clustered with wild accessions and that 4–(6)-seeded-pod cultivated accessions (ssp. purpureus and bengalensis) were intermingled. UPGMA tree suggested that ssp. purpureus and bengalensis were domesticated from 4-seeded-pod wild accessions of southern Africa. Haplotype network analysis based on nuclear SSRs revealed two domestication routes; the ssp. uncinatus is domesticated from 2-seeded-pod wild lablab (wild spp. uncinatus) from East Africa (Ethiopia), while the ssp. purpureus and bengalensis are domesticated from 4-seeded-pod wild lablab from Central Africa (Rwanda). These results are useful for understanding domestication and revising classification of lablab.

Background: The emerging expressed sequence tag-derived simple sequence repeats (EST-SSRs) offer an important approach to investigate plant genetic diversity. Methods: A total of seventy common bean polymorphic EST-SSRs were utilized for assessing genetic diversity among 19 hyacinth, 20 pea and 21 soybean accessions, respectively. The genetic statistics and principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) were conducted by GenAlEx 6.5. Result: The transferability rates of common bean EST-SSRs in hyacinth, pea and soybean were 27.1%, 20.0% and 21.4%. And the ratios of polymorphic SSR markers in these legumes were 42.1%, 85.71% and 100.0%, respectively. The hyacinth, pea and soybean accessions could be assigned to three distinct clusters for the germplasm types greatly depending on the geographic distributions. The present results revealed that the common bean EST-SSRs are highly transferable to hyacinth bean, pea and soybean. Moreover, these transferable markers would provide a set of inexpensive and effective tools for future research on molecular breeding, taxonomy and comparative mapping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lablab (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) is a legume crop widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and Asia. In this study, we assessed genetic diversity and population structure of 299 individuals of subspecies purpureus and bengalensis of lablab from Thailand using 13 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The SSR markers detected only 34 alleles in total with a mean of 2.6 alleles per locus. Overall gene diversity was 0.360. Gene diversity (HE) and allelic richness (AR) in different geographic regions was comparable. Similarly, both HE and AR between subspecies purpureus and bengalensis were similar. STRUCTURE and neighbor-joining (NJ) analyses revealed that the 299 individuals were clustered into two major groups. In contrast, principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed admixture of the lablab germplasm. STRUCTURE, NJ and PCoA analyses also revealed that the subspecies purpureus and bengalensis are not genetically differentiated. Although the number of individuals from the west of Thailand was small and all of them were collected from the same province, they possessed comparable gene diversity with those from the other geographic regions. These results demonstrated that there is moderately low genetic diversity of lablab in Thailand and the west of the country possesses high diversity of lablab. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current monologue reports the facile synthesis of hybrid Patchouli oil (P. cablin) coated silver nanoparticles (P-Ag-NPs) using hyacinth bean (L. purpureus) seed extract as a reducing agent. Design of experiment (DoE) based methodical optimization of the formulation parameters such as metallic salt concentration, and pH resulted in the successful accomplishment of the desired attributes i.e. morphology, and particle size. State of art spectroscopic (UV–Vis, DLS, ATR-FTIR, EDS), and microscopic techniques (HR-TEM, FE-SEM mapping) based characterization of the attained nanoparticles was carried out.The outcome of the respective UV–Vis analysis ascertained the biogenic synthesis, as the absorption maxima of the obtained particles (~415 ​nm) lied within characteristic SPR region of the Ag-NPs. DLS analysis revealed that the fabricated nanoparticles were nanosized (110 ​nm), and possessed a significantly high surface charge (−20.73 ​mV). ATR-FTIR spectra illustrated the presence of varied functional groups which confirmed the imperious role played by the phytoconstituents in reducing and capping of the synthesized P-Ag-NPs. Electron microscopic analysis further strengthened these findings, as no signs of intermittent agglomeration were present, and the P-Ag-NPs were uniformly distributed.HR-TEM also illustrated that the synthesized hybrid metallic nanoparticles were spherical, and encompassed a coating of essential oil on the halo of the as-synthesized NPs. FE-SEM-Mapping confirmed the phase purity of the Ag-NPs and showed that the particles primarily comprised of the elemental silver in nano form. DPPH and antibacterial assay revealed a significantly high antioxidant (i.e. 2.76 fold) and antibacterial (i.e. 3 fold) potential of the P-Ag-NPs as compared to its counterparts, respectively. The present work thus paves a gallant and promising pathway to eradicate the unsurmountable predicament of microbial pathogenesis.

The field experiments were conducted in semi-arid region during rabi seasons of 2015-16 and 2016-17 to study the effect of integrated nutrient management practices on water productivity and profitability of hyacinth in baby corn - hyacinth bean cropping system. Experiment was laid in Randomized Block Design for baby corn during kharif 2015 with seven treatments comprised of 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF 150:27:50 N, P and K kg ha-1), 25% N supplemented through farm yard manure or vermicompost+75% RDF with or without bio-fertilizers Azospirillum and Bacillus megaterium @ 5 kg ha-1 each in addition to control and replicated thrice. Each main treatment was divided into four subplots and the treatments of 100% RDF (20-22 N, P kg ha-1) and 75% RDF with or without Bradyrhizobium @ 500 g ha-1 (seed treatment) were imposed for hyacinth bean in rabi seasons and data was analyzed in split plot design. Integration of 100% RDF in conjunction with Bradyrhizobium seed treatment to hyacinth bean resulted in significantly higher water productivity, gross and net returns and maximum B:C during rabicompared to 100% RDF, 75% RDF with or without seed treatment. Integration of 75% RDF with 25% N through FYM along with biofertilizers to kharif baby corn showed significantly higher water productivity, gross and net returns of hyacinth bean during rabiover rest of the treatments of 100% RDF with or without biofertilizers and un-fertilized control but was at par with other organic treatments with or without biofertilizers due to residual effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The field experiments were conducted at Horticultural Research Station, SKLTSHU, Adilabad, Telangana State, India during rabi seasons (October-February) of 2015-16 and 2016-17 to study the effect of Integrated Nutrient Management practices on dry matter production and nutrient uptake of hyacinth bean in baby corn-hyacinth bean cropping system. Experiment was laid in Randomized Block Design for baby corn during kharif 2015 with seven treatments comprised of 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF 150:60:60 N, P2O5 and K2O kg ha-1), 25% N supplemented through farm yard manure or vermicompost+75% RDF with or without bio-fertilizers Azospirillum and Bacillus megaterium @ 5 kg ha-1 each in addition to control and replicated thrice. Each main treatment was divided into four subplots and the treatments of 100% RDF (20-50 N, P2O5 kg ha-1) and 75% RDF with or without Bradyrhizobium @ 500 g ha-1 (seed treatment) were imposed for hyacinth bean in rabi season and data of rabi 2015-16 and 2016-17 was analyzed in split plot design. Application of 25% N through FYM in conjunction with 75% RDF and bio-fertilizer to baby corn during kharif and 100% RDF along with seed treatment with Bradyrhizobium to hyacinth bean during rabi resulted in significantly higher dry matter production at various growth stages and nutrient uptake (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) over rest of the treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pH-response color-changeable films were prepared by adding different contents (1 %, 2 % and 3 %) of hyacinth bean anthocyanins (HBA) into guar gum/polyvinyl alcohol blend matrix. The structural characterization and optical, barrier, mechanical, thermal, antioxidant and color-changeable properties of the films were determined. The films were applied to monitor the freshness of chilled shrimp and pork. Results showed that HBA were pH-dependent color-changeable pigments that endowed the films with purple color. 2 % and 3 % of HBA improved the uniformity and compactness of the films by forming hydrogen bonds with film matrix. The barrier ability of the films against UV–vis light, water vapor and oxygen was significantly elevated by 2 % and 3 % of HBA. The mechanical, thermal and antioxidant properties of the films were improved by HBA. The films containing HBA were much sensitive to pH variation and ammonia vapor, presenting obvious color changes (purple→green→yellow-green). The films containing HBA showed good color stability when stored at 4 °C for 30 days. Moreover, the film containing 2 % HBA showed color changes (purple→green) when the chilled shrimp and pork decayed. The results suggested that the film containing 2 % HBA was suitable to monitor the freshness of meat products in intelligent packaging field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mitotic chromosomes of Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet were characterised using sequential combined propidium iodide (PI) and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) (CPD) staining and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) with 5S and 45S rDNA probes. The detailed karyotype of this species was established using prometaphase chromosomes. After CPD staining, CPD and DAPI+ bands were shown simultaneously. CPD bands occurred in the proximal regions of the long arms of all chromosome pairs and at all 45S rDNA sites, while the DAPI+ bands appeared in all centromeres. FISH with rDNA probes revealed one 5S locus and eight 45S loci. The single 5S locus was interstitially located on the long arms of the shortest chromosome pair. Among the 45S loci, two large loci were located in the secondary constrictions of the short arms of two chromosome pairs; six small or minimal loci were proximally located on the short or long arms of six chromosome pairs. Each prometaphase chromosome pair could be identified using the CPD and DAPI+ bands, the rDNA-FISH signals in combination with the chromosome measurements and condensation patterns. The karyotype was formulated as 2n = 2x = 22 = 14m (2SAT) + 6sm + 2st (2SAT), and the asymmetry indices, CI, A1, A2, As K%, AI and the Stebbins category were 38.23 ± 7.06, 0.36, 0.31, 61.99, 5.68 and 2B, respectively.

Abstract Several large-scale metabolic profiling studies have been directed to prospect crops with a major focus on yield-related traits and, ultimately, with the definition of specific markers for plant selection in breeding programs. However, some of these technologies are expensive, time-consuming and not easily feasible for a quick approach. Fatty acid profiling was described as reliable biomarkers and as a chemotaxonomic tool allowing to study not only the diversity in germplasm collections but also to discriminate their geographic origin. We have used fatty acids profiling for a preliminary assessment of Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet (hyacinth bean) diversity and landraces discrimination. Hyacinth bean displays an enormous variability of agro-morphological traits, probably linked to the multi-purpose uses in different regions, i.e. as pulse, or as food with nutraceutical potential (Africa and Asia), forage (Africa and Australia) and ornamental (Europe and USA). Only two forage cultivars are widely marketed, cv. Rongai and cv. Highworth, with several landraces remaining to be addressed in terms of diversity. We show that fatty acids profiling was able to distinguish landraces, which display shared fatty acids with cultivars from the center of hyacinth bean diversity origin (East Africa). We propose that fatty acid profiling is a tool that may be used not only for nutritional value assessment but also as a chemodiversity tool in crop research. Highlights • Fatty acid profiling can be a useful tool to apply to breeding programs searching for nutritional traits. • Fatty acid profiling is a quick and inexpensive tool to screen underexplored crops. • Hyacinth bean is a functional food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fruit development and maturation has been recognized as an oxidative phenomenon, which results in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROSs). Plants cells contain several antioxidants which help to retained these ROS at low level by indulging them to enter in signalling pathways. The present work describes, the changes occurring in the components of enzymatic antioxidant defence systems during pod development and maturation in two hyacinth bean varieties viz. VRSEM-3 and VRSEM-8, which differ in their pod qualities. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design with three replications and pod samples were collected at the following day post anthesis (DPA) stages: immature (15 DPA), mature (25 DPA) and over mature (40 DPA). Activities of catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) reduced up to 1.5/2.0 folds, respectively, during the subsequent stages of pod maturation, indicating a higher accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROSs) at the latter stages. Glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities decreased progressively during pod development in VRSEM-3 which continued towards the end of maturation as pods turn to the over-mature stage. The role of glutathione-mediated free-radical scavenging was also investigated at transcriptional level, as a plausible system for coping with oxidative stress. The transcript level of γECS ( glutamylcysteine synthetase ) gene remained relatively constant at the immature and mature stages, whereas it sharply decreased about 15–30 folds at the over-mature stage in both the varieties, which correlated well with the subsequent decrease in the levels of enzymatic antioxidants. Hence, the present study confirmed that the glutathione mediated free radical scavenging system was down-regulated at over-mature stage, conceivably in response to the growing oxidative stress resulting from the inflation of reactive oxygen species, increased solid content and concomitant with a decline in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants towards the end of maturation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effect of Lablab protein extract in diet on blood glucose concentration and lipid profiles of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Two month old male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups, containing 5 rats in each group. Three groups were diabetic rats induced by alloxan injection (110 mg/kg of body weight by intra-pheritonial injection) while one group was a normal rat as a control. The experimental groups were normal group, diabetic group, diabetic+cholesterol 0.5% group, and diabetic+cholesterol 0.5% + Lablab protein group. The concentration of rat’s blood glucose were periodically measured during diet intervenion (day 0,14,27, and 42). The result demonstrated that after 42 day of intervention, diet containing Lablab protein extract decreased the blood glucose concentration sharply from 455,75 mg/dl to 104.50 mg/dl (77%), while glucose concentration of control group only descreased from 458 mg/dl to 455.33 mg/dl (0.6%). Lablab protein diet significantly (p

The hypoglycemic response to Lablab nonprotein fraction (NPK) was evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effect of Lablab nonprotein fraction diet on the blood glucose concentration and the lipid peroxide level of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Two months old male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups, each group contained of 5 rats. Three groups were diabetic rats induced by alloxan injection (110 mg/kg of body weight by intra-pheritonial injection) while one group was a control,normal rat. The experiment groups were (1) normal (group I), (2) diabetic (group II), (3) diabetic+cholesteol 0.5% (control group, group III), and (4) diabetic+cholesterol 0.5% + lablab NPK (group IV). The concentration of rat’s blood glucose were periodically measured during diet intervenion (day 0,14,27, and 42). The Lipid peroxide was evaluated as the concentration of malonaldehyde (MDA) both in serum and liver of the rats by Thiobarbituric Acid Reactivity Test methode. The result demonstrated that after 42 days of intervention, the Lablab nonprotein diet decreased the blood glucose concentrations from 444.00 + 143.00 mg/dl to 310.50 +111.40 mg/dl (30%), while control group has decreased the blood glucose concentration from 458.00 +164.99 mg/dl to 455.33 + 81.95 mg/dl (0.6%). Lablab nonprotein diet significantly (P

The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of carbohydrate fraction of hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus (L.) sweet) diet on lipid profile and peroxydation value of the blood serum and liver of rats. Fifteen male wistar strain rats were divided into three diet groups of five animals.The first group was positive control group with standard diet suplemented with 1 % pure cholesterol. The second group was negative control group with standard diet. The third group was given carbohydrate fraction of hyacinth bean and 1% pure cholesterol. The experiment was conducted for 75 days.The total cholesterol levels in positive, negative control, and that in the hyacinth treated group were 204.0, 74.8, and 99.8 mg/dl. The LDL levels in the control , negative control group, the hyacinth treated group were 153.0, 20.6, and 45.9 mg/dl. The HDL levels in positive control, negative control, and the hyacinth treated group were 26.7, 26.7, and 31.0 mg/dl. Triglyceride levels in the positive control, negative control, and the hyacinth treated group were 121.4, 137.7, and 114.8 mg/dl. The atherogenic index in the positive control, negative control, and the hyacinth treated group were 6.9, 1.9, and 2.5 point. The total cholesterol and LDL levels in the hyacinth treated group were significantly lower than those in the positive control which showed that the hyacinth treated group underwent hypercholesterolemia effect.Malonaldehyde content of the blood serum in positive control, negative control , and the hyacinth treated group were 0.54, 0.48, and 0.31 µmol/ml. Malonaldehyde content of liver organ in positive control group, negative control group, and the hyacinth treated group were 66.9, 36.4 and 73.4 nmol/g. Malonaldehyde content of blood serum in hyacinth treated group was significantly lower than that in the positive and negative control group. These results showed that the the hyacinth group decreased free radical in the blood serum. On the other hand, the malonaldehyde content of the liver in all treatment showed no significant differences.

Indian bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet] is an underexploited nutritious legume vegetable found in tropical regions of Asia and Africa. The nutritional and anti-oxidant properties of 21 pole type Indian bean genotypes were analysed in edible pods in terms of protein, sugar, chlorophyll, carotenoids, phenol, and proline contents. The analyses revealed a significant genotypic variation in the level of protein (102-635.6 mg), sugar (0.188-1.11 mg), chlorophyll (0.121-0.716 mg), phenol (1.7-9.67 mg), proline (0.02-7.06 µg) and carotenoids (0.04-0.231 mg). Estimation of genetic variability parameters revealed that chlorophyll a and non-reducing sugar had high estimates of PCV than GCV, whereas, protein, phenol, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, reducing sugar and non-reducing sugar had moderately high PCV than GCV indicating that such variability could be exploited for successful identification of genotypes for the specific biochemical property. In general, heritability estimates were recorded to be high for all the characters studied except chlorophyll a and reducing sugar. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percentage of mean was observed for proline, non-reducing sugar, chlorophyll a, carotenoidd, protein and phenol. Since such traits are controlled by additive genes, more importance need to be given to these traits while selecting the breeding lines rich in nutritional qualities.

The protein isolates of pigeon pea and hyacinth bean were polymerized by transglutaminase (EC 2.3.2.13) and the effect of such polymerization on the functional properties at different pH levels was studied. The reduction in the total free amino groups (OD340) of the polymerized protein showed that TGase treatment cross-linking the protein subunit of each legume. The solubility of the protein polymer of each legume was greatly improved at a wide range of pH level. Cross linked proteins were less turbid on heating to higher temperature as compared to untreated samples and the temperature at which the protein turns turbid also increased in the polymerized samples. The emulsifying and foaming properties of the protein polymers were greatly improved at a wide range of pH level compared to the lour and the native protein of the two legumes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus L.) serves as a good source of vegetable proteins in human diet. Its seeds and pods contain as much as 20–28% protein. Besides, it contains tyrosinase enzyme, which has potential use in the treatment of hypertension. Phosphorus deficiency causes a serious yield and quality constraint of beans at Aligarh, Western Uttar Pradesh, India. To address the problem, a pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of basal phosphorus application on the agricultural performance of this medicinal legume. The plants were grown in pots containing soil supplied with five levels of phosphorus viz. 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100mgPkg−1 soil as potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (KH2PO4). The growth and other physiological attributes, leaf nutrient contents, nodule-nitrogen and leghemoglobin content were studied at 60, 90 and 120 days after sowing (DAS), photosynthesis and other related parameters were measured at 90 DAS and yield and quality attributes were recorded at harvest (150 DAS). Nitrate reductase and carbonic anhydrate activities, leaf-N, -P, -K and -Ca contents and nodule-nitrogen and leghemoglobin contents reached the maximum extent at 60 DAS. At 90 and 120 DAS, the values decreased significantly. Chlorophyll content, carotenoids content, and photosynthesis were at maximum level at 90 DAS. At various growth stages, phosphorus application at 75mgPkg−1 soil resulted in maximum amelioration of most of the parameters studied. It increased the seed-yield by 38.3%, seed-protein content by 14.9% and seed-carbohydrate content by 5.0%, relative to the control. It was concluded that there was a hidden hunger of hyacinth bean for phosphorus owing to soil-phosphorus deficiency that was ameliorated effectively by its basal dressing at 75mgPkg−1 soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, so-called ‘lost crops’ have been appraised in a number of reviews, among them Lablab purpureus in the context of African vegetable species. This crop cannot truly be considered ‘lost’ because worldwide more than 150 common names are applied to it. Based on a comprehensive literature review, this paper aims to put forward four theses, (i) Lablab is one of the most diverse domesticated legume species and has multiple uses. Although its largest agro-morphological diversity occurs in South Asia, its origin appears to be Africa. (ii) Crop improvement in South Asia is based on limited genetic diversity. (iii) The restricted research and development performed in Africa focuses either on improving forage or soil properties mostly through one popular cultivar, Rongai, while the available diversity of lablab in Africa might be under threat of genetic erosion. (iv) Lablab is better adapted to drought than common beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris) or cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata), both of which have been preferred to lablab in African agricultural production systems. Lablab might offer comparable opportunities for African agriculture in the view of global change. Its wide potential for adaptation throughout eastern and southern Africa is shown with a GIS (geographic information systems) approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hyacinth bean, Lablab purpureus, is used throughout Asia and Africa for human food and medicine with potential to be a source of nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. Hyacinth bean accessions were grown in Griffin, Georgia, from 2002 to 2004 and characterized for agronomic traits including branching, foliage, plant size, days to 50% maturity, and seed reproduction. The plants regenerated a range reaching more than 4,000 seeds. Assessment of variation was determined using principal component analysis. This paper also discusses evidence from literature reviews regarding clinical trials supporting possible uses of various hyacinth bean phytochemicals as nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. Hyacinth bean seeds and pods could be used as famine food worldwide where humans suffer from malnourishment and disease. The purposes of this study are to characterize regenerating hyacinth bean genetic resources for branching, foliage, plant size, days to 50% maturity, seed production, and flower traits, as well as to discuss evidence from clinical trials supporting potential uses of various hyacinth bean containing phytochemicals as medicinal food, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus L.) serves as a good source of vegetable proteins in human diet, and its seeds and pods contain as much as 20–28% protein. The bean contains tyrosinase enzyme, which has potential use for the treatment of hypertension. However, plant biological yield appears to be comparatively low in Aligarh soil in this region of India (Western Uttar Pradesh). A hypothesis was designed to address whether foliar application of triacontanol (TRIA) could enhance the crop productivity as well as crop quality. TRIA is known to be a potent plant growth promoting substance for many agricultural and horticultural crops. The hyacinth bean plants grown in soil containing pots, were sprayed with five concentrations of TRIA (10−0 (Control), 10−8, 10−7, 10−6 and 10−5 M) at 15-day intervals. The plant fresh and dry weights, leaf-area, number and dry weight of nodules per plant, total chlorophyll and carotenoid content, nitrate reductase activity, carbonic anhydrase activity, nodule-nitrogen content, leghemoglobin content and leaf N, P, K and Ca contents were analyzed at 60, 90 and 120 days after sowing (DAS). Net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were measured only at 90 DAS. The protein content plus carbohydrate and tyrosinase activity were analyzed in the seeds. Foliar spray of 10−6 M TRIA significantly stimulated most of the studied attributes. At the highest concentration (10−5 M TRIA), values of all attributes were significantly decreased at all three stages. For example, 10−6 M TRIA increased seed-yield and -protein content by 56.3 and 14.5%, respectively when compared to unsprayed plants. TRIA also stimulated the activity of tyrosinase when compared to the control plants. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus (L.) sweet) seeds from Indonesia were characterized for the purposes of usage as a protein source. Protein isolate was prepared from the seeds using an isoelectric method, which was also used to characterize the physicochemical and functional properties. Hyacinth bean seeds have a moderate concentration of protein (17.1±1.5%), and low concentration of HCN (1.1±0.1mg/100g). However, before using the seeds as food, some treatments are needed to reduce their anti-nutritional factors, since the contents of trypsin inhibitor and phytate are 0.15±0.02TIU/mg and 18.9±0.2mg/g, respectively. Using the isoelectric preparation, the yield of protein isolate was low (7.38±0.2g per 100g of the seeds), but the protein isolate had good colour, neutral odour, high protein content (89.8±0.82%), and low ash (2.97±0.36%). The protein isolate also had good functional properties, such as solubility, foaming capacity, and emulsifying activity. However, the foaming and emulsifying stabilities were low. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• Hyacinth bean serves as a good source of vegetable proteins in human diet. • The legume bears a wide spectrum of therapeutic potentials. • Abiotic and biotic constraints are the major bottlenecks to the efficiency of crop. • It contains marvelous features to tolerate stress generated by drought and salinity. In view of occurring extreme weather conditions, food security for humans is highly concerned with climate change worldwide. The only solution to this dire problem is to explore and increase the food production to the highest possible extent. Hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus L.), being a legume, is a rich source of protein and, hence, provides more resilient and efficient alternative for food-protein security. It is a multifunctional legume with a wide spectrum of therapeutic features. Though hyacinth bean is considered as most resistant to several biotic and abiotic factors among legumes, environmental constraints still limit its full potential to be manifested. Out of the environmental challenges, salinity stress is the major bottleneck, affecting the agricultural performance of hyacinth bean. The present article encompasses the response of this protein-rich crop to major abiotic stresses (salt, drought, temperature, heavy metals, ultraviolet radiation, etc.). Alternative agronomical strategies to improve productivity of hyacinth bean under stress are also reviewed. The review article also aims to popularize amongst plant scientists and agronomists regarding its use as nutritious human-food. Implementation of the proposed agricultural tools will not only increase the food and forage potential of this crop but may also help in utilization of non-agricultural, infertile and unproductive lands lying useless. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the effect of protein isolate preparation procedures on functionality and characterization of protein isolates using salt-extraction dialysis, micellization and isoelectric precipitation. Micellization produced the highest protein content and yield (87.78 and 72.60 g/100g) followed by isoelectric precipitation and salt-extraction dialysis. Isoelectric precipitation gave a significantly higher digestibility (88.47 g/100g) than micellization and salt-extraction, as well as higher water and oil holding capacities (2.48 and 2.99 g/g). However, emulsion capacity (88.89–100%) and stability (20.15–37.00%) were not found to be significantly affected by the extraction method. Salt-extraction gave the highest foaming capacity but lowest foaming stability (123.33 and 27.32%) than isoelectric and micellization precipitation. Isoelectric and micellization precipitation gave better gelling abilities (16%) than salt-extraction. Arginine and lysine contents of isolates were high (12.70–16.59) with protein efficiency ratios for the isolates greater than 2 (2.61–6.66), indicative of a high protein quality. Protein isolates may be useful in supplementing foods that require improved functionality and protein qualities, but extraction procedures play a significant role in the functional properties of the final product. • Isolates were prepared by salt dialysis, isoelectric and micellization precipitation. • Extraction procedures affected functional properties and amino acid composition. • Micellization precipitation produced functional isolates to supplement food products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scope: The esoteric anti-obesity effects of hyacinth bean (Dolichos lablab L) have largely remained unexplored. Herein, we investigated the anti-obesity mechanisms of hyacinth bean compared to milk thistle, a natural herb employed for ameliorating obesity-related diseases, using high-fat diet (HFD) fed mice towards unfolding the perplexing mechanisms., Methods and Results: C57BL/6J mice were orally administered hyacinth bean (25 mg/kg/day) and milk thistle (100 mg/kg/day) for 9 weeks along with HFD. Intriguingly, a number of anti-obesity mechanisms indexed through clinical parameters, suppression in weight gains and liver steatosis were found similar to some disparity. Furthermore, the corresponding metabolic implications were studied through MS-based metabolite profiling, and using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes for metabolic pathways revealing that hyacinth bean or milk thistle administration effectively attenuates the HFD-induced lipid, glucose, and bile acid metabolism, with former specifically attenuates pyruvate-derived amino acids metabolism. Among them, valine, asparagine, and lysine displayed high correlation with blood clinical parameters., Conclusion: A lower dose of hyacinth bean resulted in similar anti-obesity effects as milk thistle, as confirmed by both clinical and metabolomics analyses. Equivocally, we conjecture that hyacinth bean could be used as a potent anti-obesity herbal functional food., (© 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)