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Recensione a Pacifico MASSIMI, Hecatelegium, I. Edizione critica, traduzione e commento a cura di A. BETTONI, premessa di A. MINARINI, Bologna 2021 Review of Pacifico MASSIMI, Hecatelegium, I. Edizione critica, traduzione e commento a cura di A. BETTONI, premessa di A. MINARINI, Bologna 2021

In questa nota viene proposta l’analisi di un breve episodio che si legge nel carme ‹De virtute› (carm. var. 6, 121-138) del poeta fiorentino Naldo Naldi (1439-1513), relativo alla figura di Marco Licinio Crasso, fin dall’antichità e, poi, nel Medioevo e nell’Umanesimo, tipico exemplum di insaziabile avidità e di avarizia punita. This note proposes the analysis of a short episode that can be read in the poem ‹De virtute› (carm. var. 6, 121-138) of the Florentine poet Naldo Naldi (1439-1513), relating to the figure of Marco Licinio Crasso, since Antiquity and then, in the Middle Ages and Humanism, a typical exemplum of insatiable greed and punished avarice.

U disertaciji se izlaže poimanje odnosa teologije i književnosti Marka Marulića (1450. – 1524.), koji se realizirao kroz ispravno shvaćanje pojma istine koju Marulić tumači kao evanđeosku istinu (božanska nauka, Sveto pismo, Biblija) i kao vrhovnu istinu (summa veritas), Krista. Svoje razumijevanje Marulić izlaže u moralno-didaktičko religiozno-teološkom djelu Dialogus de laudibus Herculis pisanim formom dijaloga, a alegorija, kao strukturna i idejna okosnica djela, realizira se između Teologa i Pjesnika koji polemiziraju o temi koja je bila veoma popularna i od velike važnosti za srednjovjekovlje. O odnosu književnosti i teologije bavili su se i drugi humanisti poput Mussata, Alighierija, Petrarke, Boccaccia, Salutatija, Dominicija, koji su kroz svoje književne radove iznosili promišljanje i zastupanje o književnosti te ga na taj način branili od skolastičara. Marulić je poput pravog humanista iznosio svoje razmišljanje o odnosu teologije i književnosti kroz svoj književni opus, među kojima su izdvojena djela Institucija, Priče, Evanđelistar, Davidijada i O poniznosti i slavi Kristovoj, u kojima je izlagao o kršćanskim krepostima, oružjima, koje su uvelike snažnije od Herkulovih herojskih kreposti. Istraživanje zadane teme provedeno je deduktivnom metodom, dok se humanistima pristupilo kronološkim slijedom. Navedenim se istraživanjem pokazalo Marulićevo shvaćanje istine, koja je ključni element za skladanje književnih djela. Istina se prepoznaje kao "bjelodana i dokazana istina", a reflektira Krista kao jedinu vrhovnu istinu. Alegorija se u književnim djelima humanističkog razdoblja ogleda kao strukturna i idejna okosnica koja prikriva istinu radi većeg užitka čitatelja. Pjesnik ima ulogu izmiritelja koji prenosi novu božansku istinu čovjeku. Pjesnička se teologija odnosi na Božji govor koji sudjeluje u božanskom činu stvaranja, pri kojoj teologija nije više razdvojena od književnosti, već je suptilno obnovljena i osvježena pored njega, a k tome i upućena prema kontemplaciji božanskog misterija. Marulić je kroz ulogu Teologa osvježio Pjesnika naučavanjem o evanđeoskoj istini, čime je književnosti osvježio u njegovom odnosu s teologijom gledajući ga kroz odraz istine. In the dissertation is presented the consideration of the relationship between theology and poetry of Marko Marulić (1450.-1524.), which was realized through the correct understanding of the notion of truth that Marulić interprets as evangelical truth (divine teaching, Holy scripture, the Bible) and as supreme truth (summa veritas), Christ. His considerations Marulić exposes in the moral-didactic religious-theological work Dialogus de laudibus Herculis written in the form of a dialogue, and allegory, as the structural and ideal frame of the work, realized between the Theologian and the Poet discussing the theme that was very popular and of great importance for the middle ages. Other humanists also dealt with the relationship between poetry and theology as Mussato, Alighieri, Petrarch, Boccaccio, Salutati, Dominici, who through their literary works presented the deliberation and advocacy of poetry and in that way defending it from the scholastics. Marulić as a true humanist presented his considerations about the relationship between theology and literature through his literary opus, in works like Institutione, Qvinqvaginta parabole, Euangelistarium, Dauidias i De hvmilitate et gloria Christi, in which he shows the Christian virtues, weapons, that are greatly stronger than the heroic virtues of Hercules. Researching the given theme was done in the deductive method, while the works of the humanists and of Marko Marulić, were approached chronologically. The named research showed Marulić’s understanding of truth, which is the key element in the making of literary works. Truth is recognized as "revealed and proven truth", and it reflects Christ as the only supreme truth. In the works from the humanistic era allegory is seen as a structural and ideal framework that hides truth, for the greater enjoyment of the reader. The poet has the role of a decedent who presents the new divine truth to man. Poetical Theology refers God’s speech which is involved in God’s act of creation, in which theology is not separated from poetry, but is subtlety renewed and refreshed around him, and in which is directed to the contemplation of the divine mystery. Marulić has through the role of Theologian refreshed the Poets teaching of evangelical truth, in which poetry is refreshed in its relationship to theology viewed through the reflection of truth.

pp.121-139 Francesco Robortello da Udine è unanimemente considerato uno dei più colti umanisti friulani; il contributo è incentrato sull’analisi strutturale e sulla ricerca dei modelli di una breve composizione in esametri scritta in occasione della morte del nobile udinese Niccolò Della Torre, Francisci Robortelli Vtinensis Sontius, siue de morte clarissimi uiri Nicolai Turriani, che occupa il primo posto nella silloge miscellanea di 42 carmi latini e 13 in volgare col titolo Carmina uaria tum latina tum hetrusca Patauii conscripta et edita a diuersis auctoribus… in obitum clariss. uiri Nicolai a Turri. Il contributo illustra inoltre la temperie culturale che ha indotto Robortello a scrivere un carme in occasione della morte del conte e barone Della Torre. Francesco Robortello from Udine is unanimously considered one of the most culturally accomplished Friulian humanists. The main focus of this paper is the structural analysis and the search for the models of a short composition in hexameters written on the occasion of the death of the noble Niccolò Della Torre, Francisci Robortelli Vtinensis Sontius, siue de morte clarissimi uiri Nicolai Turriani, which occupies the first place in the miscellaneous collection of 42 poems in Latin and 13 in vernacular with the title Carmina uaria tum latina tum hetrusca Patauii conscripta et edita a diuersis auctoribus… in obitum clariss. uiri Nicolai a Turri. The paper also illustrates the cultural climate which led Robortello to write a poem on the occasion of the death of Count and Baron Della Torre.