39 results on '"hs2"'
Search Results
2. Palaeoenvironmental history of the Middle Pleistocene deposits at Gilson, Warwickshire, England: part of the High Speed Two railway route alignment.
- Author
-
Gibson, Sebastian M., Field, Michael H., and Gibbard, Philip L.
- Subjects
HIGH speed trains ,INTERGLACIALS ,PLEISTOCENE Epoch ,GROUND penetrating radar ,WATERSHEDS - Abstract
The investigation of a hillside at Gilson (Lat. 52.510341, Long. ‐1.718313), southwest of Coleshill, Warwickshire (within the High Speed Two railway 'Delta Junction' compound), England, has yielded evidence of sedimentation during a temperate stage. The site's stratigraphy starts with the aggregation of cold‐climate sand and gravels deposited during the Anglian Stage within the proto‐Tame and proto‐Blythe palaeovalleys. A warm‐climate period is recorded by the infill of organic material representing the second half of the Hoxnian interglacial Stage. Picea, Abies and Pinus dominate vegetation within a swamp‐like environment, before a Pinus forest develops in the upper part of the organic sequence. The following cold‐climate period saw incision and aggregation of the surrounding region throughout much of the Wolstonian and Devensian Stages, where much of the overlying silt, sand and gravel were reworked under intense periglacial conditions. Presented here is a geophysical examination of the shallow basin by ground‐penetrating radar undertaken to understand the spatial distribution and stratigraphical history of the basin. The deposits at Gilson provide a valuable stratigraphic marker in the glacial sequence of the English West Midlands and are correlated to similar deposits at neighbouring Quinton and Nechells. At these regional sites organic accumulation occurred for most of the temperate stage, infilling lake basins. These sequences indicate an environment dominated by pollen of Abies, Quercus, Ulmus and Corylus woodland vegetation. These assemblages differ markedly from those typically found in the last interglacial and confirm correlation to the Middle Pleistocene Hoxnian interglacial Stage (c. MIS 11c). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Data Opportunities: Creating a web of knowledge
- Author
-
Emily Plunkett
- Subjects
archaeology ,data ,hs2 ,eaa ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
Large-scale projects, such as infrastructure or long-term research, generate some of the largest data sets which form the core of their legacy for research and future projects. Due to the scale of the data being generated and managed, projects have developed innovative approaches to transform data into meaningful information and ensure integration of data into the project lifecycle. This paper serves to present the background and context for the session presented at EAA 2022, Budapest, organised by HS2 Ltd and Jacobs Suedlink and summarises some of the papers presented within the session and which are now published in this issue.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Collecting Information and Developing Narratives: the use of data on HS2 Phase One, UK
- Author
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John Halsted
- Subjects
archaeology ,hs2 ,infrastructure project ,project lifecycle ,data capture ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
Large Infrastructure projects create vast amounts of data during the course of programmes of archaeological investigation, from the description of an archaeological deposit to complex three-dimensional survey data. It is key for future research and the completion of the archaeological programme that the data support the questions we wish to answer. This paper will consider the range of data generated from HS2 Phase One, and the potential of those data in the process of analysis and interpretation and their broader spatial and research context . The paper will also consider which data are key for different stages of the project lifecycle, and the extent to which the process of data capture may influence the narratives that are developed.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. The role of BIM and GIS in HS2 historic environment data management, an overview of HS2 Phase One, UK
- Author
-
Fred Farshid Aryankhesal
- Subjects
archaeology ,hs2 ,spatial data ,management ,gis ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
The HS2 historic environment programme undertaken for Phase One of HS2 between London and the West Midlands has resulted in a substantial digital archive, including Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data. According to the BIM (Building Information Modelling) approach, HS2 historic environment assets are considered as part of the construction assets, alongside the other disciplines assets such as highways, bridges, tunnels, and fencing. The GIS and spatial data play the role of a glue to demonstrate the interrelationship and hierarchy between archaeological assets, recording their location and geometry. Designating a unique asset ID (UAID) to each archaeological asset, and joining them to their attributes table and relating documents, creates a relationship between historic environment assets GIS data and their respective non-GIS data. According to HS2 digital engineering with BIM approach, HS2 historic environment core and primary assets have been identified, which the hierarchical order of them is as follows: Location Specific Written Scheme of Investigation (LS-WSI) and Project Plans (PPs) as core assets, and Written Scheme of Investigation Interventions (WSI-Interventions), Archaeological Features, and Archaeological Objects as historic environment primary assets. Such an efficient, transparent, and readable asset data structure provides a lasting and valuable legacy for the lifecycle of the project digital data. Four different systems combine to form the digital legacy of the project, which complement the physical archive. These four systems are: HS2 Asset Information Management System (AIMS) and GIS systems, as well as Online Access to the Index of Archaeological Investigations (OASIS), and supporting digital data curated with the Archaeology Data Service (ADS) systems. As significant parts of the programme legacy, HS2's historic environment physical and digital archive establish an unprecedented opportunity for knowledge creation.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Metadata for Discovery. Planning for an Information Network
- Author
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Teagan Zoldoske
- Subjects
archaeology ,hs2 ,digital archives ,data re-use ,metadata standards ,fair ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
In advance of building a new high speed rail line aimed at connecting the North and South of England, the UK is undertaking the largest archaeological intervention in its history. While the High Speed 2 (HS2) project has created a wealth of new information, before any of that information can be disseminated to the general public, it must first be properly collected, documented, and linked. To this end, data collection is integral to facilitate effective data dissemination and FAIR - Findable, Accessable, Interoperable and Reusable - data to achieve the greatest public value for an archive. The most exciting search results and maps come from what is often seen as scary technical jargon. This paper will discuss some of the limitations the Archaeology Data Service (ADS) experiences as a digital repository, what is currently being done to maximise the reach of the ADS collections, and what tools have been created to aid both depositors and digital archives alike. Starting at the beginning of the data life cycle, this article will show how large infrastructure projects like HS2 allow the ADS to work with depositors to raise issues about data collection, generation, and description during project development and how collaborative efforts can improve the creation and import of data and metadata into the archive. The ADS has made steps towards keeping our data FAIR but simple, both by streamlining what metadata is essential to foster better discovery and reuse within an archive, and from there, how metadata can be passed to external data catalogues such as ARIADNEplus and The National Archives in the UK.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Visualising Heritage: using 3D immersive technologies to innovate, document and communicate rich narratives for HS2
- Author
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Thomas Sparrow, Kate Bain, Mike Kimber, and Andrew S. Wilson
- Subjects
archaeology ,hs2 ,robert stephenson ,railway roundhouse ,digital heritage ,public engagement ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
The University of Bradford has established wide-ranging skillsets and capabilities as Visualising Heritage that have been built around expertise with 3D imaging for human bioarchaeology and for contextual understanding of archaeological sites, landscapes, heritage structures and associated artefacts. This paper reflects upon how these have been put to use during enabling works for HS2 and also the potential of this work for analysis, public engagement and legacy. The main focus of this paper covers 3D digital documentation of the world's first railway roundhouse designed by Robert Stephenson at Birmingham Curzon Street, together with immersive content that helps to tell the story of its discovery and exposure. We discuss 3D modelling that helps to link both to the original architectural drawings and to the broader narratives for understanding changes to the design of the building during its working life. We also contextualise its place within the historic environment relative to the Principal Building – the original Curzon Street terminus for the London and Birmingham Railway, the Eagle and Tun public house and the former Park Street Cemetery. As HS2 embarks upon the post-excavation phase, we also discuss the potential that recent investment from the Arts and Humanities Research Council in 'Capabilities for Human Bioarchaeology and Digital Collections' offers, building upon our pioneering 3D work at the object scale with 'Digitised Diseases', to bring within reach the potential for high throughput digital capture. This streamlines high fidelity 3D capture for key human bioarchaeology exemplars as legacy assets that would otherwise be lost to future study as they are destined for reburial.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. A green extractivist railway? Exploring the political ecology of Europe’s largest infrastructure project
- Author
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Andrea Brock
- Subjects
HS2 ,green extractivism ,United Kingdom ,political ecology ,anarchist political ecology ,infrastructural colonization ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Political science - Abstract
'Environmentalists' tend to enthusiastically embrace new railway projects as desirable alternatives to more carbon-intensive aviation and road infrastructures. Yet, across Europe and beyond, communities and campaigners have resisted the building of high-speed railway projects and the violence they entail. The UK government's High-Speed Two (HS2) trainline, currently under construction, is one such project – Europe's biggest infrastructure project since World War II. While the British government continues to defend HS2 as 'green' and necessary, the project comes at enormous ecological and social costs, cutting through over one hundred ancient woodlands, exceeding its budget, and necessitating the eviction and resettlement of human and nonhuman communities along the line. Drawing on recent work in (anarchist) political ecology, (green) extractivism, and infrastructural colonization, and embedded in the history of colonial railways and extractivism, this article argues that the project should be conceptualized as a green extractivist megaproject. In the face of determined opposition, HS2 serves to profit the British construction industry, political (economic) elites, wealthy commuters, and the City of London, and to uphold 'zero-carbon' imaginaries while expected to exacerbate the North-South divide and degrade environments. Green extractivist megaprojects, this case study shows, can reproduce the same injustices, violences, and social and ecological harms as other types of industrial developments.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. HS2 Phase One: Heritage GIS Digital Archive (Data paper)
- Author
-
Fred Farshid Aryankhesal
- Subjects
archaeology ,data ,archive ,historic environment ,hs2 ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
High Speed 2 (HS2) will be the largest programme of historic environment investigation and recording works ever undertaken in the UK. It is certain that the creation of HS2's historic environment physical and digital archive (High Speed Two Ltd. 2023) is an integral part of the lasting legacy of the programme, which presents an unprecedented opportunity for significant knowledge creation. HS2 historic environment works that have been undertaken for Phase One of HS2 between London to the West Midlands has resulted in a substantial digital archive, including Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data. This data paper highlights the GIS spatial datasets generated from the HS2 Phase One historic environment fieldwork programme. It explains the technical components of the datasets which are deposited with the Archaeology Data Service (ADS).
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. The Circular Construction Industry
- Author
-
Ghaffar, Seyed Hamidreza, Salman, Mina, Chougan, Mehdi, Ghaffar, Seyed Hamidreza, editor, Mullett, Paul, editor, Pei, Eujin, editor, and Roberts, John, editor
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Resolving the Inconsistency Between National and EU Motor Insurance Law. Was Factortame the Solution Nobody Sought?
- Author
-
Marson, James, Alissa, Hasan, and Ferris, Katy
- Subjects
INSURANCE law ,FREE trade ,SOFT law ,INSURANCE ,MOTOR vehicles ,GOVERNMENT liability - Abstract
In this Article, we argue that the uncertainty of UK national motor vehicle insurance law—when viewed with respect to its European Union (EU) parent, the Motor Vehicle Insurance Directive (MVID)—was never satisfactorily addressed, primarily when using the remedy available through the non-contractual liability of the State. The EU enforcement mechanisms were equally haphazard in their effectiveness and success in affording rights to third-party victims. Given the link between the MVID and the free movement of persons and goods, on which the harmonization of insurance protection was based, we present the first Article establishing an argument that those offending aspects of UK national law should have been disapplied. The UK has concluded its agreement to withdraw its membership of the EU—and thus no longer to be bound by EU law and the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice. Yet until the transitional period ends, the UK remained aligned to EU law and those defects present in national law should have been remedied. Therefore, the remedy issued from the Factortame line of case authorities may have proven to be the most effective way to grant access to rights which were denied to third-party victims in the UK. Here we present a justification for its application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Compulsory purchase and compensation update 2017
- Author
-
Sams, Gary
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Palaeoenvironmental history of the Middle Pleistocene deposits at Gilson, Warwickshire, England: part of the High Speed Two railway route alignment
- Author
-
Gibson, SM, Field, MH, Gibbard, PL, Gibson, Sebastian M [0000-0002-1699-5669], Field, Michael H [0000-0001-8901-5185], Gibbard, Philip L [0000-0001-9757-7292], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Gibson, SM [0000-0002-1699-5669], Field, MH [0000-0001-8901-5185], and Gibbard, PL [0000-0001-9757-7292]
- Subjects
Wolstonian ,pollen ,HS2 ,Hoxnian ,plant macrofossils - Abstract
The investigation of a hillside at Gilson (Lat. 52.510341, Long. ‐1.718313), southwest of Coleshill, Warwickshire (within the High Speed Two railway ‘Delta Junction’ compound), England, has yielded evidence of sedimentation during a temperate stage. The site's stratigraphy starts with the aggregation of cold‐climate sand and gravels deposited during the Anglian Stage within the proto‐Tame and proto‐Blythe palaeovalleys. A warm‐climate period is recorded by the infill of organic material representing the second half of the Hoxnian interglacial Stage. Picea, Abies and Pinus dominate vegetation within a swamp‐like environment, before a Pinus forest develops in the upper part of the organic sequence. The following cold‐climate period saw incision and aggregation of the surrounding region throughout much of the Wolstonian and Devensian Stages, where much of the overlying silt, sand and gravel were reworked under intense periglacial conditions. Presented here is a geophysical examination of the shallow basin by ground‐penetrating radar undertaken to understand the spatial distribution and stratigraphical history of the basin. The deposits at Gilson provide a valuable stratigraphic marker in the glacial sequence of the English West Midlands and are correlated to similar deposits at neighbouring Quinton and Nechells. At these regional sites organic accumulation occurred for most of the temperate stage, infilling lake basins. These sequences indicate an environment dominated by pollen of Abies, Quercus, Ulmus and Corylus woodland vegetation. These assemblages differ markedly from those typically found in the last interglacial and confirm correlation to the Middle Pleistocene Hoxnian interglacial Stage (c. MIS 11c).
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Runaway train: public participation and the case of HS2
- Author
-
Crompton, Amanda
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Driveability aspects of tubular piles in chalk
- Author
-
Brouwer, J.W.R. and Eposito, V
- Subjects
Driveability ,Colne Valley viaduct ,HS2 ,Chalk - Abstract
The Colne Valley Viaduct is a planned bridge, part of the High Speed line HS2 phase 1, designed to be 3.4 km long. VolkerStevin Ltd. has been commissioned by Align to install approximately 394 no. tubular piles over four different jetties (Jetty A to D) required for the construction of the HS2 Colne Valley Viaduct. Geobest B.V., as subcontractor to Volker Stevin, performed several driveability studies for this project. All steel tubular piles, of different dimensions and penetration lengths, will be installed in hard chalk layers. The main challenge has been to predict the expected pile resistance (SRD), as pile driving in chalk is subject to significant uncertainty. Literature also provides little and also varying guidance on how to estimate soil resistance to driving in chalk. In this document, the process leading to the prediction of the expected pile resistance is discussed. Driving records are then used to verify the performed prognosis and to back calculate the driving resistance in the chalk layers. In conclusion, insights are given on how to approach future chalk projects.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Resolving the Inconsistency Between National and EU Motor Insurance Law. Was Factortame the Solution Nobody Sought?
- Author
-
James Marson, Hasan Alissa, and Katy Ferris
- Subjects
Jurisprudence ,Liability ,Harmonization ,Breach of EU law ,Directive ,Economic Justice ,Factortame ,motor vehicles ,Argument ,Political science ,Law ,Insurance law ,HS2 ,MVID ,Francovich v Italy ,Enforcement - Abstract
In this Article, we argue that the uncertainty of UK national motor vehicle insurance law—when viewed with respect to its European Union (EU) parent, the Motor Vehicle Insurance Directive (MVID)—was never satisfactorily addressed, primarily when using the remedy available through the non-contractual liability of the State. The EU enforcement mechanisms were equally haphazard in their effectiveness and success in affording rights to third-party victims. Given the link between the MVID and the free movement of persons and goods, on which the harmonization of insurance protection was based, we present the first Article establishing an argument that those offending aspects of UK national law should have been disapplied. The UK has concluded its agreement to withdraw its membership of the EU—and thus no longer to be bound by EU law and the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice. Yet until the transitional period ends, the UK remained aligned to EU law and those defects present in national law should have been remedied. Therefore, the remedy issued from the Factortame line of case authorities may have proven to be the most effective way to grant access to rights which were denied to third-party victims in the UK. Here we present a justification for its application.
- Published
- 2021
17. Constitutional Statutes.
- Author
-
Ahmed, Farrah and Perry, Adam
- Subjects
CONSTITUTIONAL law ,STATUTES ,CONSTITUTIONS ,CODIFICATION of law ,REPEAL of legislation ,COURTS - Abstract
In recent years, British courts have treated constitutional statutes differently from ordinary statutes. This article sets outs to explain: (i) how courts have treated constitutional statutes differently from ordinary statutes; (ii) what a constitutional statute is; and (iii) why constitutional statutes should be treated differently from ordinary statutes. Courts have made it harder for ordinary statutes to repeal constitutional statutes by implication, and easier for constitutional statutes to repeal ordinary statutes by implication. A constitutional statute is a statute which regulates state institutions, and which possesses importance of a particular type that we describe. The nature of a constitutional statute largely--but not entirely--justifies the special treatment they have been given. These conclusions have wider implications, including for proposals to codify the British constitution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Florence and Cecilia set off
- Abstract
The Florence and Cecilia continous-boring TBMs are being used at the Chiltern HS2 9.1 m diameter rail tunnels (UK). Two on-site precast facilities will produce the 112 000 lining segments. The TBMs arrived in 300 shipments; Florence started excavating in May 2021 and Cecilia will start when Florence has tunnelled under the M25 and is clear on the other side. Each TBM is a variable density machine 170 m long, and will excavate through chalk and flint. Muck is sent hydraulically to holding tanks on the surface where 24 filter presses remove the water and compress the fines into cakes which will be used to recreate a new 127 Ha landscape and wildlife refuge. Robots are used to insert dowels to hold segments in place prior to being lowered to the segment feeder, and while the segment is being moved forward to the feeder the robot moves backwards and removes the wood timbers. There is therefore no need for personnel to climb on the segments to remove the timbers. The grout plant is on the TBM and grout is mixed on the machine and pumped to the excavating face. There are emergency refuge chambers with life support for up to 24 operators., The Florence and Cecilia continous-boring TBMs are being used at the Chiltern HS2 9.1 m diameter rail tunnels (UK). Two on-site precast facilities will produce the 112 000 lining segments. The TBMs arrived in 300 shipments; Florence started excavating in May 2021 and Cecilia will start when Florence has tunnelled under the M25 and is clear on the other side. Each TBM is a variable density machine 170 m long, and will excavate through chalk and flint. Muck is sent hydraulically to holding tanks on the surface where 24 filter presses remove the water and compress the fines into cakes which will be used to recreate a new 127 Ha landscape and wildlife refuge. Robots are used to insert dowels to hold segments in place prior to being lowered to the segment feeder, and while the segment is being moved forward to the feeder the robot moves backwards and removes the wood timbers. There is therefore no need for personnel to climb on the segments to remove the timbers. The grout plant is on the TBM and grout is mixed on the machine and pumped to the excavating face. There are emergency refuge chambers with life support for up to 24 operators.
- Published
- 2021
19. The influence of institutional design on local environmental interest representation in the national polity.
- Author
-
Rozema, Jaap G.
- Subjects
- *
HIGH speed trains , *DESIGN failures , *CIVIL society , *HYPERLOOP , *ENVIRONMENTAL protection - Abstract
This article investigates structural and informal institutional design variables to account for civil society actors’ views on the political representation of local environmental interests in the national polity. It does so by linking literature on institutional design and place-based environmental advocacy to a case of large scale infrastructure development in the national interest. The case study concerns the proposal for a national high speed rail network (“HS2”) in the United Kingdom, which is heavily opposed locally based on its expected adverse impacts. Through fieldwork research on protest against HS2 in an area of high landscape value, it has been found that local actors perceived specific institutions to structurally under-represent interests associated with environmental conservation, compounded further by an informal style of doing politics. The paper recommends that the environmental management and planning literature turns to institutional explanations to make insightful the dynamics of defending the local interest in the national sphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Respatialization and local protest strategy formation: Investigating high-speed rail megaproject development in the UK.
- Author
-
Rozema, Jaap G., Cashmore, Matthew, Bond, Alan J., and Chilvers, Jason
- Subjects
STRATEGIC planning ,HIGH speed trains ,SOCIAL action ,SOCIAL movements ,LANDSCAPES - Abstract
Understanding spatial conceptions is critical to the analysis of local protest strategy formation. Spatialities provoke inquiry into the drivers that may prompt local actors to adhere to particular strategies, and the implications this has on forms of contestation and the way protest is organized. It is argued that local protest can ‘respatialize’ when actors are embedded in social movements and translocal assemblages associated with controversy over development, and that this warrants reconsidering the role of ‘place’. A case study of a proposed megaproject framed in the national interest – a high-speed rail network called HS2, in the United Kingdom – is used to investigate local protest respatialization. Fieldwork was conducted in the Chilterns, an area of high scenic beauty which will be adversely impacted by HS2. The results show how the perceived need to respatialize protest away from the local to the national domain reconfigures debate to focus primarily on economic issues. Respatialization also has implications for the dynamics of protest assemblages with unlikely alliances developing around a need to engage with or engender debate in the national polity. It is concluded that local actors may opt to respatialize their protest in response to their interaction with social movements and protest assemblages that disengage from specific place-based interests. The paper recommends that future research on the geographies of social action take forward spatialization as a powerful lens for investigating protest strategy formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Framing effectiveness in impact assessment: Discourse accommodation in controversial infrastructure development.
- Author
-
Rozema, Jaap G. and Bond, Alan J.
- Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis ,STAKEHOLDERS ,INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics) ,DISILLUSIONMENT ,DECISION making ,CIVIL society - Abstract
There is ongoing debate about the effectiveness of impact assessment tools, which matters both because of the threat to future practice of the tools which are frequently perceived to be ineffective, and because of the disillusionment that can ensue, and controversy generated, amongst stakeholders in a decision context where opportunities for meaningful debate have not been provided. In this article we regard debate about the meaning of effectiveness in impact assessment as an inevitable consequence of increased participation in environmental decision-making, and therefore frame effectiveness based on an inclusive democracy role to mean the extent to which impact assessment can accommodate civil society discourse. Our aim is to investigate effectiveness based on this framing by looking at one type of impact assessment – environmental impact assessment (EIA) – in two controversial project proposals: the HS2 rail network in England; and the A4DS motorway in the Netherlands. Documentary analysis and interviews held with key civil society stakeholders have been deployed to identify discourses that were mobilised in the cases. EIA was found to be able to accommodate only one out of four discourses that were identified; for the other three it did not provide the space for the arguments that characterised opposition. The conclusion in relation to debate on framings of effectiveness is that EIA will not be considered effective by the majority of stakeholders. EIA was established to support decision-making through a better understanding of impacts, so its ineffectiveness is unsurprising when its role is perceived to be broader. However, there remains a need to map discourses in different decision contexts and to analyse the extent to which the range of discourses are accommodated throughout the decision process, and the role of impact assessment in those processes, before recommendations can be made to either improve impact assessment effectiveness, or whether it is simply perceptions of effectiveness that need to be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Constitutional Legislation, European Union Law and the Nature of the United Kingdom's Contemporary Constitution.
- Author
-
Elliott, Mark
- Subjects
- *
CONSTITUTIONS , *EUROPEAN Union law , *LAW - Abstract
United Kingdom – UK Supreme Court – European Union – The orthodox view of the British constitution: lack of hierarchy of laws – Britain's ‘unwritten’ constitution and the role of ‘constitutional statues’ in Factortame – HS2 judgment makes up for House of Lords' omission in Factortame – Relationship between parliamentary sovereignty and EU law more clearly articulated – A normative-hierarchical constitutional order [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Compulsory purchase and compensation update – 2014.
- Author
-
Sams, Gary
- Subjects
EMINENT domain ,COMPENSATION (Law) ,CUSTOMS appraisal ,REAL property sales & prices ,HOUSING market ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to summarise and analyse the new compensation provisions brought in by the government for Phase 1 of the HS2 high-speed train line. Design/methodology/approach – To summarise each of the proposals and provide a critical assessment of each of them. Findings – For the most part, and the Homeowner Payment Scheme (HPS) is a marked exception, the new HS2 compensation provisions set out a logical approach to reducing the impact of the scheme on the people most directly affected by its blighting affect. There are, however, a number of concerns as to whether there are more urgent reforms that have not been considered. Research limitations/implications – The proposals were announced in April and in respect of some of them, particularly the HPS, very little information is available as yet. Practical implications – The paper should provide factual information on a very new set of compensation provisions and a critical appraisal of their value. Originality/value – As the compensation provisions have been published only recently there will be few other similar commentaries available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Reflection and Double Loop Learning: The Case of HS2.
- Author
-
Synnott, Michael
- Subjects
PUBLIC administration education ,REFLEXIVITY ,EDUCATIONAL programs ,SOCIAL learning ,MATHEMATICAL models ,EDUCATION policy ,SOCIAL space ,EDUCATIONAL change - Abstract
This paper focuses on the potential role of reflection and double loop learning in policy analysis and shared community learning. The discussion is illustrated by the case of HS2, a proposed high-speed railway project in England. It is noted that the foundation of social learning models is a rejection of traditional reliance on technologies or market forces in order to solve societal problems. Citing scholars in this field, the notion of transformative learning is introduced. This describes a process where people gradually change their views on the world and themselves in response to an external ‘trigger’, A tool to facilitate transformative learning is double loop learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Franck-Condon profiles in photodetachment-photoelectron spectra of [image omitted] and [image omitted] based on vibrational configuration interaction wavefunctions.
- Author
-
Huh, Joonsuk, Neff, Michael, Rauhut, Guntram, and Berger, Robert
- Subjects
- *
FRANCK-Condon principle , *PHOTOELECTRONS , *ELECTRONS , *POTENTIAL energy surfaces , *QUANTUM chemistry - Abstract
Explicitly electron correlating coupled cluster calculations, CCSD(T)-F12a, were performed to determine three-dimensional potential energy hypersurfaces of disulphanide and disulphanyl in an automated approach. Surfaces for different electronic states were used in a Watson rovibrational Hamiltonian ansatz to obtain the correlated anharmonic vibrational wavefunctions. Subsequently the anharmonic Franck-Condon overlap integrals were evaluated. The computed Franck-Condon profiles were compared to experimental photodetachment-photoelectron spectra and confirm essentially the assignments made previously. The profiles indicate, however, additional weaker, and as of yet unresolved, additional features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein Cl /C2, MeCPI, and SWI/SNF form a chromatin remodeling complex at the β-globin locus control region.
- Author
-
Mahajan, Milind C., Narlikar, Geeta J., Boyapaty, Gokul, Kingston, Robert E., and Weissman, Sherman M.
- Subjects
- *
GLOBIN , *NUCLEIC acids , *NUCLEOTIDE sequence , *TRANSGENES , *CARRIER proteins , *BIOCHEMISTRY - Abstract
Locus control regions (LCRs) are regulatory DNA sequences that are situated many kilobases away from their cognate promoters. LCRs protect transgenes from position effect variegation and heterochromatinization and also promote copy-number dependence of the levels of transgene expression. In this work, we describe the biochemical purification of a previously undescribed LCR-associ- ated remodeling complex (LARC) that consists of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C1/C2, nucleosome remodeling SWI/ SNF, and nucleosome remodeling and deacetylating (NuRD)/ MeCP1 as a single homogeneous complex. LARC binds to the hypersensitive 2 (HS2)-Maf recognition element (MARE) DNA in a sequence-specific manner and remodels nucleosomes. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C1/C2, previously known as a general RNA binding protein, provides a sequence-specific DNA recognition element for LARC, and the LARC DNA-recognition sequence is essential for the enhancement of transcription by HS2. Independently of the initiation of transcription, LARC becomes associated with β-like globin promoters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Polymorphic Alu Insertions and Genetic Diversity Among African Populations.
- Author
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Terreros, Maria C., Martinez, Laisel, and Herrera, Rene J.
- Subjects
- *
HUMAN biology , *HUMAN evolution , *CHROMOSOMES , *GENETICS , *BIOLOGICAL evolution , *MITOCHONDRIAL DNA , *CELL nuclei , *GENES - Abstract
Thorough assessment of modem genetic diversity and interpopulation affinities within the African continent is essential for understanding the processes that have been at work during the course of worldwide human evolution. Regardless of whether autosomal, Y-chromosome, or mtDNA markers are used, allele- or haplotype-frequency data from African populations are necessary in setting the framework for the construction of global population phylogenies. In the present study we analyze genetic differentiation and population structure in a data set of nine African populations using 12 polymorphic Alu insertions (PAls). Furthermore, to place our findings within a global context, we also examined an equal number of non-African groups. Frequency data from 456 individuals presented for the first time in this work plus additional data obtained from the literature indicate an overall pattern of higher intrapopulation diversity in sub-Saharan populations than in northern Africa, a prominent differentiation between these two locations, an appreciably high degree of transcontinental admixture in Egypt, and significant discontinuity between Morocco and the Iberian peninsula. Moreover, the topologies of our phylogenetic analyses suggest that out of the studied sub-Saharan groups, the southern Bantu population of Sotho/Tswana presents the highest level of antiquity, perhaps as a result of ancestral or acquired Khoisan genetic signals. Close affinities of eastern sub-Saharan populations with Egypt in the phylogenetic trees may indicate the existence of gene flow along the Nile River. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. cDNA cloning and function analysis of two novel erythroid differentiation related genes.
- Author
-
Wang, Xin, Wang, Duncheng, Chen, Xing, Hu, Meiru, Wang, Jian’an, Li, Yan, Guo, Ning, and Shen, Beifen
- Abstract
Our previous studies showed that some nuclear proteins that were expressed especially during terminal differentiation of erythroid cells might interact directly or indirectly with HS2 sequence to form the HS2-protein complexes and thus play an important role in the globin gene regulation and erythroid differentiation. Monoclonal antibodies against the nuclear proteins of terminal differentiated erythroid cells, including intermediate and late erythroblasts of human fetal liver and hemin induced K562 cells, were prepared by hybridoma technique. The monoclonal antibodies were used to screen λ-gtll human cDNA expression library of fetal liver in order to obtain the relevant cDNA clones. By the analysis of their cDNA clones and the identification of the proteins’ functions, the regulation mechanism of the HS2 binding proteins might be better understood. Two cDNA clones (GenBank accession number AF040247 and AF040248 respectively) were obtained and one of them owns a full length and the other encodes a protein characterized by a leucine-zipper domain. Both of them were expressed differentially in K562 cells and hemin-induced K562 cells. The evidence suggested that both of them were involved in erythroid differentiation. We investigated the expression pattern of EDRF1 and EDRF2 by RT-PCR technique. The results of RT-PCR suggested that EDRF1 and EDRF2 might play a critical role in early stage of organ development and histological differentiation. EDRF1 and EDRF2 might start the program of erythroid development, and also regulate the development of erythroid tissue and the expression of globin gene at different stage of the development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. A case of non-β-globin gene linked β thalassaemia in a Dutch family with two additional α-gene defects: the common -α[sup 3·7] deletion and the rare IVS1–116 (A → G) acceptor splice site mutation.
- Author
-
Giordano, Harteveld, Haak, Batelaan, Van Delft, Plug, Emonts, Zanardini, Bernini, and Giordano
- Subjects
- *
GLOBIN genes , *THALASSEMIA - Abstract
We describe a family with β thalassaemia, apparently not linked to the β-globin gene cluster, in combination with α thalassaemia. The propositus, an adult Dutch Caucasian male, and his son presented with microcytic hypochromic parameters. Their lysates displayed the normal adult pattern on electrophoresis. The HbA2 concentration, which is usually increased in β thalassaemia, was normal. The in vitro biosynthetic rate of the globin chains was strongly unbalanced even in the presence of a coexisting α-thalassaemia defect. Routine analysis of the β genes, including the promoter region, was performed repeatedly by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and direct sequencing. No molecular abnormalities were detected. Large β deletions were excluded by haplotype determination, using seven polymorphic markers distributed over an area of 50 kb, from 1 kb 5′ of the ε gene to 4 kb 3′ of the β gene. The haplotype analysis of the β-gene cluster revealed that the unaffected daughter had received the same β haplotype as her β-thalassaemic brother from their β-thalassaemic father. These data suggest that the β-gene cluster shared by father and son was not directly associated with a reduced β-globin chain expression. In order to exclude the remote possibility of a β-locus-control region (LCR) rearrangement in the paternal haplotype of the daughter, the sequence of the HS2 element was examined in the nuclear family. We compared the haematological and clinical data of this family with the data reported in the limited number of similar cases. We discuss the possibility that the mutation of a trans-acting erythroid factor(s), not linked to the β-genes cluster, may impair the β-gene expression of both alleles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. UK must bar settlement profiteer from work on high-speed rail line.
- Author
-
Nieuwhof, Adri
- Subjects
- *
HIGH speed trains , *ISRAELI settlements (Occupied territories) , *HUMAN rights - Abstract
Spain's CAF is helping build Israel's illegal Jerusalem light rail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
31. Framing effectiveness in impact assessment:Discourse accommodation in controversial infrastructure development
- Author
-
Alan Bond, Jaap G. Rozema, and 23920084 - Bond, Alan James
- Subjects
Civil society ,Ecology ,business.industry ,Impact assessment ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Four discourses ,Environmental impact assessment ,Effectiveness ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Public relations ,Infrastructure development ,Framing (social sciences) ,Political science ,Perception ,Discourse accommodation ,HS2 ,A4DS ,business ,Environmental planning ,Accommodation ,Inclusive Democracy ,media_common - Abstract
There is ongoing debate about the effectiveness of impact assessment tools, which matters both because of the threat to future practice of the tools which are frequently perceived to be ineffective, and because of the disillusionment that can ensue, and controversy generated, amongst stakeholders in a decision context where opportunities for meaningful debate have not been provided. In this article we regard debate about the meaning of effectiveness in impact assessment as an inevitable consequence of increased participation in environmental decision-making, and therefore frame effectiveness based on an inclusive democracy role to mean the extent to which impact assessment can accommodate civil society discourse. Our aim is to investigate effectiveness based on this framing by looking at one type of impact assessment – environmental impact assessment (EIA) – in two controversial project proposals: the HS2 rail network in England; and the A4DS motorway in the Netherlands. Documentary analysis and interviews held with key civil society stakeholders have been deployed to identify discourses that were mobilised in the cases. EIA was found to be able to accommodate only one out of four discourses that were identified; for the other three it did not provide the space for the arguments that characterised opposition. The conclusion in relation to debate on framings of effectiveness is that EIA will not be considered effective by the majority of stakeholders. EIA was established to support decision-making through a better understanding of impacts, so its ineffectiveness is unsurprising when its role is perceived to be broader. However, there remains a need to map discourses in different decision contexts and to analyse the extent to which the range of discourses are accommodated throughout the decision process, and the role of impact assessment in those processes, before recommendations can be made to either improve impact assessment effectiveness, or whether it is simply perceptions of effectiveness that need to be improved.
- Published
- 2015
32. Framing effectiveness in impact assessment: discourse accommodation in controversial infrastructure development
- Abstract
There is ongoing debate about the effectiveness of impact assessment tools, which matters both because of the threat to future practice of the tools which are frequently perceived to be ineffective, and because of the disillusionment that can ensue, and controversy generated, amongst stakeholders in a decision context where opportunities for meaningful debate have not been provided. In this article we regard debate about the meaning of effectiveness in impact assessment as an inevitable consequence of increased participation in environmental decision-making, and therefore frame effectiveness based on an inclusive democracy role to mean the extent to which impact assessment can accommodate civil society discourse. Our aim is to investigate effectiveness based on this framing by looking at one type of impact assessment – environmental impact assessment (EIA) – in two controversial project proposals: the HS2 rail network in England; and the A4DS motorway in the Netherlands. Documentary analysis and interviews held with key civil society stakeholders have been deployed to identify discourses that were mobilised in the cases. EIA was found to be able to accommodate only one out of four discourses that were identified; for the other three it did not provide the space for the arguments that characterised opposition. The conclusion in relation to debate on framings of effectiveness is that EIA will not be considered effective by the majority of stakeholders. EIA was established to support decision-making through a better understanding of impacts, so its ineffectiveness is unsurprising when its role is perceived to be broader. However, there remains a need to map discourses in different decision contexts and to analyse the extent to which the range of discourses are accommodated throughout the decision process, and the role of impact assessment in those processes, before recommendations can be made to either improve impact assessment effectiveness, or whether it is simply pe
- Published
- 2015
33. Framing effectiveness in impact assessment: discourse accommodation in controversial infrastructure development
- Abstract
There is ongoing debate about the effectiveness of impact assessment tools, which matters both because of the threat to future practice of the tools which are frequently perceived to be ineffective, and because of the disillusionment that can ensue, and controversy generated, amongst stakeholders in a decision context where opportunities for meaningful debate have not been provided. In this article we regard debate about the meaning of effectiveness in impact assessment as an inevitable consequence of increased participation in environmental decision-making, and therefore frame effectiveness based on an inclusive democracy role to mean the extent to which impact assessment can accommodate civil society discourse. Our aim is to investigate effectiveness based on this framing by looking at one type of impact assessment – environmental impact assessment (EIA) – in two controversial project proposals: the HS2 rail network in England; and the A4DS motorway in the Netherlands. Documentary analysis and interviews held with key civil society stakeholders have been deployed to identify discourses that were mobilised in the cases. EIA was found to be able to accommodate only one out of four discourses that were identified; for the other three it did not provide the space for the arguments that characterised opposition. The conclusion in relation to debate on framings of effectiveness is that EIA will not be considered effective by the majority of stakeholders. EIA was established to support decision-making through a better understanding of impacts, so its ineffectiveness is unsurprising when its role is perceived to be broader. However, there remains a need to map discourses in different decision contexts and to analyse the extent to which the range of discourses are accommodated throughout the decision process, and the role of impact assessment in those processes, before recommendations can be made to either improve impact assessment effectiveness, or whether it is simply pe
- Published
- 2015
34. Constitutional Legislation, European Union Law and the Nature of the United Kingdom's Contemporary Constitution
- Author
-
Mark Elliott, Elliott, Mark [0000-0002-0248-7700], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
European Union law ,Constitution ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Legislation ,British constitutional law ,UK Supreme Court ,United Kingdom ,Supreme court ,Factortame ,Alliance ,State (polity) ,Action (philosophy) ,Political science ,Law ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,European Union ,HS2 ,European union ,media_common - Abstract
There are many things that distinguish the United Kingdom from its continental neighbours. One of them is the absence of a written constitution. Another is the absence of a high-speed rail network of the type that many European countries built decades ago and now take for granted. The latter gap may be filled by the construction of HS2, a new high-speed railway that is intended to link several major English cities. In contrast, there is no immediate prospect of a written constitution. However, the decision of the UK Supreme Court in R (HS2 Action Alliance Ltd) v. Secretary of State for Transport (HS2),1 in which the decision to go ahead with HS2 was challenged, arguably points towards a British constitution that while still unwritten, in the sense of there being no uniquely authoritative governing text is richer and more complex than is usually supposed. And while it would be going too far to suggest that the HS2 case is as transformative of the UK's constitutional landscape as the HS2 network might be of England's rural landscape, the constitutional implications of the Supreme Courts judgment are nevertheless highly significant
- Published
- 2014
35. Planning process in an idealised space: identity and conflicts in the English countryside
- Author
-
Mark Bailoni, Centre d'Etude et de Recherche en Géographie de l'Aménagement des Paysages et de l'Environnement (CERGAPE - LOTERR), and Université de Lorraine (UL)
- Subjects
campagne anglaise ,United-Kingdom ,conflict ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,English countryside ,identité nationale ,Political science ,0502 economics and business ,11. Sustainability ,London ,national identity ,périurbanisation ,Royaume uni ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Chiltern Hills ,conflit d’aménagement ,05 social sciences ,021107 urban & regional planning ,General Medicine ,[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography ,Londres ,urban sprawl ,HS2 ,Royaume-Uni ,NIMBY ,planning ,Humanities ,050212 sport, leisure & tourism - Abstract
Cet article analyse les conflits d’aménagement et le phénomène NIMBY (« Not In My Back Yard ») dans les espaces ruraux périphériques de Londres. Ce territoire, l’un des plus riches du pays, est confronté au processus de périurbanisation et d’étalement urbain. Cet espace idéalisé et symbolique de la campagne anglaise est au cœur de nombreux enjeux politiques, électoraux, économiques et environnementaux. Toutefois, malgré des débats publics, des concertations ou des programmes respectueux des préoccupations environnementales, les phénomènes de contestation se généralisent et tendent à systématiquement retarder, voire faire avorter certains projets. Un aménagement du territoire consensuel, qui ne provoquerait pas de conflit, semble ainsi illusoire. Pour étudier ces enjeux, les mécanismes des conflits d’aménagement et les perceptions des différents acteurs impliqués, cet article développe plus précisément le projet de ligne à grande vitesse entre Londres et Birmingham. This paper analyzes the development of planning conflicts and the NIMBY (« Not In My Back Yard ») phenomenon in rural surroundings of London. This area, one of the richest of the country, is confronted with the process of suburbanization and urban sprawl. This idealised and symbolic space of the English countryside is at the heart of many political, election, economic and environmental issues. However, despite public debates, consultations and environmentally friendly plans, the process of protest tends to be widespread, to systematically delay projects or even to derail them. In this context, a consensusal planning project that would not cause conflict, seems illusory. To study these issues, the process of planning conflicts and the perceptions of various stakeholders, this paper develops specifically the HS2 draft, the high-speed rail link between London and Birmingham.
- Published
- 2013
36. Régulation épigénétique au locus humain de la [bêta]-globine lors de la différenciation de cellules ES
- Author
-
Valat, Caroline and Milot, Éric
- Subjects
Clonage ,Chromatine ,LCR ,Hématopoïèse ,Différenciation in vitro ,Extinction ,HS2 ,Répression transcriptionnelle - Abstract
Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
- Published
- 2005
37. UK producers see opportunities to supply steel for $68bn HS2 project.
- Author
-
Allen, Lee
- Subjects
STEEL industry ,HIGH speed trains - Abstract
UK steelmakers will bid for contracts to supply steel to the publicly-funded £55.70 billion ($67.86) High Speed Rail 2 (HS2) project, sources told Metal Bulletin on Monday October 17. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
38. Prehistoric and Historic Steps and Trails of Glen Canyon-Lake Powell
- Author
-
Pattison, Natalie B. and Potter, Loren D.
- Subjects
Anasazi ,UU42Ka199 ,NA2691 ,NA6893 ,NA6498 ,NA6493 ,NA6494 ,UU42Ka513 ,Archaeological Overview ,NA6490 ,UU42Sa390 ,Gold Miners ,UU42Sa398 ,Utah (State / Territory) ,UU42sA577 ,NA2688 ,Stock Trail ,UU42Ka620 ,UU42Ka184 ,NA6489 ,NA6522 ,NA6885 ,HS106 ,NA6485 ,NA6482 ,NA6483 ,NA6480 ,NA6481 ,Navajo ,UU42Sa387 ,UU42Sa265 ,Trail ,HS98 ,Site Evaluation / Testing ,UU42Sa724 ,UU42Sa447 ,Arizona (State / Territory) ,NA8450 ,Paiute ,UU42Sa574 ,NA3718 ,HS93 ,NA6428 ,NA6426 ,Resource Extraction / Production / Transportation Structure or Features ,NA6423 ,NA7510 ,HS28 ,UUKa442 ,Cairn ,UU42Sa684 ,Historic ,NA3741 ,NA6459 ,HS31 ,NA3740 ,NA6457 ,NA3742 ,NA5248 ,NA6458 ,UU42Sa622 ,NA5364 ,NA6451 ,NA7144 ,HS37 ,NA6450 ,NA7141 ,NA7140 ,Pecked steps ,UU42Sa592 ,UU42Sa591 ,Archaeological Feature ,NA3732 ,NA5357 ,UU42Ka268 ,NA7139 ,UU42Sa610 ,NA6445 ,NA6442 ,UU42Sa734 ,NA7136 ,UU42Ga365 ,UU42Ga368 ,Glen Canyon Area ,HS155 ,UU42Sa587 ,Glen Canyon Dam ,Mormon Pioneers ,UU42Sa586 ,Road, Trail, and Related Structures or Features ,HS53 ,NA6479 ,NA6512 ,UU42Sa408 ,HS51 ,NA6510 ,NA6477 ,NA6874 ,NA6478 ,NA7203 ,NA6475 ,NA6476 ,UU42Sa403 ,NA6423N ,NA6473 ,NA6471 ,NA6470 ,HS141 ,UU42Sa410 ,UU42Sa493 ,UU42Sa371 ,NA6508 ,NA6505 ,NA6506 ,NA6501 ,NA6469 ,NA6466 ,Prehistoric ,NA6465 ,NA5252 ,UU42Ka604 ,Lake Powell ,NA5371 ,NA5370 ,UU42sA409 ,UU42kA605 ,HS2 ,UU42sA404 ,UU42Sa400 - Abstract
Prior to the flooding of Lake Powell and the establishment of Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, an ambitious salvage program was completed by The Museum of Northern Arizona and The University of Utah. Many instances of prehistoric and historic steps and trails were recorded. While conducting shoreline ecology research, we became interested in the trail system as disclosed by the steps and trails still evident along the shore. Steps, as pecked by stone tools or picked by metal tools, and linked trails along the shore of the lake and those now submerged are inventoried and located. A trail system is mapped as far as present information allows. Resource utilization by user groups and changing travel patterns, as evidenced by the step and trail system, are briefly discussed. These groups include prehistoric and historic Indians, missionary-explorers, miners and stockmen.
- Published
- 1977
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein C1/C2, MeCP1, and SWI/SNF Form a Chromatin Remodeling Complex at the β-Globin Locus Control Region
- Author
-
Mahajan, Milind C., Narlikar, Geeta J., Kingston, Robert E., and Weissman, Sherman M.
- Published
- 2005
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