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Prikazujemo sedem vrst metuljev, ki obžirajo hrastove liste: gobar (Lymantria dispar), zeleni hrastov zavijač (Tortrix viridana), mali zimski pedic (Operophthera brumata), veliki zimski pedic (Erannis defoliaria), hrastov sprevodni prelec (Thaumetopoea processionea), zlatoritka (Euproctis chrysorrhoea) in prstaničar (Malacosoma neustria). L. dispar in T. viridana sta se v submediteranskem in predpanonskem območju Slovenije pojavljala večkrat v močnejših gradacijah in povzročala škode. Naslednje dve vrsti pri nas povzročata manjše golobrste predvsem v naravnih sestojih doba v Prekmurju in Krakovskem gozdu ter v sestojih termofilnih hrastov v primorskem območju. T. processionea, E. chrysorrhoea ter M. neustria sporadično povzročajo poškodbe listja hrastov. Ugotavljajo, da se metulji defoliatorji pojavljajo v evropskih gozdovih vse pogosteje in začenjajo ponovno povzročati velike škode.Tudi pri nas ugotavljamo v zadnjih letih ponavljajoče se golobrste v hrastovih sestojih. Na kratko je prikazana morfologija, bionomija, opis poškodb, morebitne zamenjave, gostitelji, najpomembnejši naravni sovražniki inza nekatere omenjene vrste tudi vzroki za nastanek in nadaljevanje gradacij ter ogroženost sestojev. In the present contribution seven species of butterflies on oaks (Quercus spp.) are presented: gypsy moath (Lymantria dispar), European oak leaf roller (Tortrix viridana), winter moth (Operophthera brumata), mottled umber moth (Erannis defoliaria), oak processionary moth (Thaumetopoea processionea), browntail moth (Euproctis chrysorrhoea) and lackey moth (Malacosoma neustria).L. dispar and T. viridana have appeared several times in the sub-mediterranean and sub-pannonic areas of Slovenia and have caused damage. The next two species cause less significant defoliation mostly in natural pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) stands in Prekmurje and in the Krakovo forest as well as in thermophyllic oak stands in the coastal region. T. processionea, E. chrysorrhoea and M. neustria cause damage on oaks sporadically. Researchers state that butterflies which defoliate forests are appearing more frequently in Europe and are starting to cause extensive damagein forests again. Recently, in Slovenia the situation in oaks forests isthe same. A short description of the insects' morphology, bionomy, a description of damage, possible misidentifications, hosts, their most important natural enemies, causes of beginning or continuation of their outbreaks and their threat to forests are given.

V diplomski nalogi podajamo obsežnejši literarni pregled dejavnikov, ki so povezani s sušenjem hrastov (Quercus spp.) v Sloveniji in Evropi. To so abiotski in biotski dejavniki. Posebej nas je zanimalo sušenje vej starejših dreves iz rodu Quercus na našem nizkem Krasu. Zato smo na Sežansko-Komenskem in Goriškem Krasu na sto dveh lokacijah v letih 2003 in 2004 nabrali 121 sušečih se hrastovih vej. V Laboratoriju za ekološke študije Oddelka za gozdarstvo in obnovljive gozdne vire BF smo nabrane veje gojili v prilagojeneminsektariju, ter določili izleglo entomofavno. Določene vrste hroščev smo tudi arhivirali v Entomološki zbirki BF-GOZD. Najpomembnejše vrstežuželk smo dokumentirali s fotografiranjem na stereo lupi Olympus S2X-12,ter Olympus kamero U-TVO.5XC s programom AnalySiS 3.1 Efi na Gozdarskeminštitutu Slovenije. V vejah smo ugotovili ličinke hroščev iz družinCerambycidae (64 ličink), ter buprestidae (32 ličink). Nabrali in določili smo adulte iz štirih družin hroščev in sicer: Cerambycidae, Buprestidae, Scolytidae in Cleridae. Iz družine Cerambycidae so bile najpomembnejše vrste Callimellum angulatum angulatum, Poecilium alni, Exocentrus adspersus iz družine Buprestidae vrsta Corebus florentinus iz družine Scolytidae pa vrste iz rodov Scolytus in Xyleborus. Ugotovili smo fenologijo, opisali biologijo, ter ekologijo najpomembnejših najdenih vrst. Predator ksilofagnih vrst žuželk je najdena vrsta Tilloidea unifasciata iz družine Cleridae. Opredelili smo pomen najdenih in določenih vrst pri sušenju hrastovih vej, ter njihov pomen pri vitalnosti hrastov na nizkem Krasu. The diploma paper presents a comprehensive survery of factors releted to the drying process of oak (Quercus spp.) in Slovenia and in Europe. These are abiotic and biotic factors. Special interest has been taken in the drying process of branches from older trees belonging to the family Quercus in our lower Karst region. During the years 2003 and 2004 121 drying branches of Quercus spp. were collected in the Sežana-Komen and Gorica Karst area. The branches were kept in an adapted insect chamber and the entomological fauna hatched was identified. Some kinds of beetle have been included into the entomological collection BF-GOZD. The most important kinds of insects have been documented by fhotographs taken on stereo magnifying lens Olympus S2x-12 by Olympus U-TVO.5XC Camera using the AnalySIS 3.1 EFi program at the Slovenian Institute of Forestry in Ljubljana. In the branches beetle larvae belonging to families Cerambycidae (64 larvae and Buprestidae (32 larvae) werefound. Adults from four beetle families were collected and identified. Themost important kinds from the family Cerambycidae were Callimellum angulatum angulatum, Poecilium alni, Exocentrus adspersus from the family Buprestidae Corebus florentinus from the family Scolytidae kinds from genus Scolytus and Xyleborus. Phenology has been established as well as biological and ecological features of the most important kinds found have been described.The natural predator of xylophagus kinds of insects found is the kind Tilloidea unifasciata belonging to family Cleridae. The importance of thekinds of insects found and identified during the drying process of oak branches as well as their impact on the vitality of oak trees in the lower Karst area have been defined.

Diplomska naloga obravnava stanje dobovih gozdov v gozdnogospodarski enoti Ravensko. Poleg geografske razširjenosti in ogroženosti hrastov (Quercus spp.)v Sloveniji, je bil predmet raziskave diplomske naloge dob (Quercus rubor L.). Zaradi rezultatov že objavljenih raziskav obsežnega propadanja hrastov, je jedro naloge določanje dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na vitalnost doba. V diplomski nalogi so obravnavani in predstavljeni biotski dejavniki. Raziskovalni del naloge vsebuje analizo nabranih plodov doba in določanje poškodb, ki jih pozročil hrastov semenar (Curculio glandium Marsham) in (Andricus queruscalicis Burgdorf). Sledila je ocena poškodovanosti drevja v vegetacijski sezoni v letih 2006, 2007 in 2008 na lokacijah Hraščica in Ivanjci. Priročnik za ugotavljanje povzročiteljev poškodb (delovna različica) je bil izhodišče pri oceni zdravja sestojev. Ugotavljanje vitalnosti drevesnih vrst je možno po navodilih Priročnika le na trajnih raziskovalnih ploskvah ter skozi daljša časovna obdobja. Rezultati naše raziskave so pokazali na povečano prisotnost defoliatorjev v hrastovih sestojih ter poškodbzaradi hrastove pepelovke (Erysiphe alphitoides Griffon & Maubl.) v letu 2007. The diploma deals with the condition of oak forests in the forestry unit Ravensko. The geographic distribution and endangerment of oaks (Quercus spp.) in Slovenia were stated. Our special interest was in the English oak (Quercus rubor L.). Researches of the extensive oak decay have already been made. Basedon the results of those researches, decision was taken to determine the factors that affect the vitality of oak. In the diploma the biotic factors were presented. The experimental part of diploma contains analysis of collected oak acorns and present damage by (Curculio glandium Marsham) and (Andricus queruscalicis Burgdorf). Tree damage in the vegetation season of the year 2006, 2007 and 2008 at the location of Hrašica and Ivanjci was evaluated. In the description of the forest health, Manual for the Assessment of Damage Sources (work version) was used. The assessment of tree species vitality is possible only in the accordance with the instructions of the Manual for the continual research on the permanent research plots and in longer periods. The results of our research indicated the increased presence of defoliators and the damages caused by oak powdery mildew (Erysiphe alphitoides Griffon & Maubl.) in the year 2007.