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The thesis analyses the representation of gay male characters in comics published by Marvel and DC in the 1990s. Through a comparative analysis based on the data collected, the publishers' approaches to three aspects of the representation of homosexuality - that is, coming out, the subsequent representation of sexuality, and the topic of HIV/AIDS - will be compared. Five characters were selected for comparison from the two publishers based on certain criteria such as the number of appearances in the comics or the year of coming out about sexuality. For these selected characters, the author of this thesis follows the mentioned themes and then compares their subsequent representation.

While the majority of Czech society now holds relatively positive attitudes toward the homosexual minority, the same cannot be said of religious people. Czech Protestants in particular are a very heterogenous group in this area. This thesis is an excursion into the intersection of these two minorities: religious and sexual. It seeks to answer questions about the nature of the Czech Protestants' approach to the phenomenon of homosexuality, its history and the circumstances that have given it its current form. The main subject of the thesis is therefore the Protestant discourse of homosexuality, the study of which makes it possible to identify the basic ideological differences between religious attitudes of accepting or rejecting homosexuality. Understanding these theological and social assumptions helps to clarify key aspects of the contemporary culture wars in which conservative Christianity plays an important role.

Bakalářská práce s názvem "Stejnopohlavní sňatky jako politické téma v českém veřejném prostoru" se věnuje mediálnímu obrazu institutu stejnopohlavního manželství z politického hlediska. V kontextuální části je přiblížena definice manželství pro stejnopohlavní páry, současná situace v Evropě a v České republice. Dále práce popisuje kontrast mezi manželstvím a registrovaným partnerstvím. V teoretické části se práce zabývá teoretickými koncepty agenda settingu, za pomoci kterých je ilustrována medializace tématu. V analytické části je provedena metoda obsahové a mediální analýzy prostoru, který je definován v metodologii. Časově je práce ohraničena od vzniku inciativy Jsme fér, která podporuje redefinici manželství, tedy 17. dubna 2017, do konce roku 2021. Dataset, ze kterého vychází analytická část, obsahuje finálních 294 výroků a 5 konkrétních proměnných. Cílem této práce je analýza výroků veřejně činných osobností v mediálním prostoru, v práci jsou také zodpovězeny výzkumné podotázky, které se ptaly kdo se vyjadřoval ke stejnopohlavním manželstvím, jak se o nich vyjadřoval a kdy se o nich vyjadřoval. Práce také detailně popisuje dva návrhy sněmovních tisků, Zákon o ústavní definici manželství jako svazku muže a ženy a Zákon o stejnopohlavním manželství. Aktivity občanských inciativ a lobbing jsou...

The diploma thesis is concerned with the portrayal of the female experience with the Second World War in The Night Watch (2006) by contemporary British writer Sarah Waters. The theoretical part outlines the socio-historical background of the novel with particular attention to the female experience of the Second World War in various fields, such as their family lives, job opportunities, and everyday life during the Blitz. Special attention is also given to the description of the female experience with abortion during the war and the lifestyles of female homosexuals in that historical period. The thesis further presents the theoretical delimitation of the neo-historical genre, of which the novel is a representative, and briefly introduces the novel in the context of Sarah Waters's other works in order to establish the basis for the analysis. The practical part of the thesis relies on the theoretical part and examines how the fictional portrayal of the female experience corresponds with the outlined reality. Simultaneously, the work considers how Waters uses the Second World War in her fictional story and which elements she chooses to highlight. Moreover, it discusses the reasons behind emphasising these elements in the novel and how it corresponds to the neo-historical genre. KEYWORDS Sarah Waters;...

This bachelor's thesis discusses the life and role of the activist Bayard Rustin in the Civil Rights Movement as a forgotten figure in American history. Rustin was part of one of the most important key events in the fight for African American civil rights; moreover, he even organized the famous March on Washington in 1963. He was a pacifist his whole life, and he encouraged non-violent direct action, which was also promoted by M. L. King. Despite Rustin's crucial role during the fight for black civil rights, he was often sidelined because of his sexual orientation, communist past, and draft-dodging. The thesis through the biographical method and text analysis is trying to answer the question regarding Rustin's role in the movement and also the influence of intersectionality and his forgotten character. The thesis is divided into eight chapters. The first three chapters are discussing Rustin's path to his ideology, non-violent direct action, and to the movement itself. The next chapters are focusing on Rustin's role during the March on Washington, his break-up with the movement, and his views on the integration of the black community. The last two chapters are analyzing Rustin's sexual orientation and his legacy in the present. After analyzing Rustin's thoughts and his role in the Civil Rights...

The bachelor´s thesis focuses on the attitude of adolescents toward the families of homosexual couples. This topic has been the subject of much debate in recent years and today´s young people will soon decide whether homosexual couples will have parental rights and the opportunity to lock up marriage. The work consists of two parts. The theoretical part focuses on the concept of family, its definition and function. It also explains the concept of homosexuality and adolescence. Practical part solves in the form of quanitative research the attitude of adolescents to children and foundations families and gay couples. I chose an electronic questionnaire as the method for data collection. The data were processed and converted into graphs. It has established four research questions that I am trying to find answears to.

This thesis aims to entangle and analyse the social, cultural and political problematics concerning two major works of Christopher Isherwood - Goodbye to Berlin and Mr Norris Changes Trains, in other words Berlin Stories. Both of these are set in interwar Germany thus this thesis approaches the topic both from the perspective of scrutinizing the Weimar Republic and its domestic affairs and also interpreting the novels from the perspective of social and cultural analysis based on the findings from the theoretical part. The main question is whether Christopher Isherwood really is unbiased and purely factual author as he is often interpreted as far as his literary contribution is concerned. Furthermore, this thesis aims to scrutinize Isherwood's point of view embedded in his works and to answer the question to what extent are his works autobiographical.

The bachelor thesis deals with the everyday life and persecution of Czech non-heterosexual women in the first half of the 20th century. It therefore examines the status and overall situation of homosexual minorities in the society, primarily in the years 1918-1945, ie during the Czech First Republic and the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, with a focus on women. The thesis doesn't cover the period before the establishment of the Czechoslovak Republic, due to limited sources and the absence of research. Apart from the historical context and the description of the perception of lesbian love at that time, the thesis will present selected queer publications, associations, favorite meeting places or restaurants and important female figures of this community in the given period. The second part of the thesis will then be carried out as a case study of criminal records concerning women accused of the crime of "fornication against nature", which can help us gain insight into the mentality and everyday life of lesbian women of the first half of the 20th century.

Sexual orientation is extensively studied topic nevertheless its etiology remains unclear. Several theories have been proposed to explain it. One of them is Neurohormonal theory of homosexuality. According to this theory, sexual orientation is affected by prenatal levels of androgen hormones. This thesis includes selected studies of experimental manipulations with prenatal levels of hormones in model mammalian species to explain effects of these hormones. Main part of the thesis focuses on the effect of prenatal androgens in humans using somatic biomarkers, for example 2D:4D digit ratio. Studies concerning sex, age and ethnic differences are described in detail. Great attention is dedicated to studies of sexual orientation. In women it seems that sexual orientation could be influenced by prenatal hormones, in men this theory isn't supported. This thesis summarizes and critically evaluates available literature concerning the effects of prenatal hormones on human sexual orientation.

This paper looks into why those actively opposing same-sex marriage are failing and emphasises the necessity to reshape the discussion going forward. Apart from pointing to underlying causes leading to the social changes epitomised in the redefinition of marriage, it will take a step back and assess the effectiveness of the classical argumentation in support of marriage. It is argued that those standing up against the LGBT offensive must be able to develop a much more informed and comprehensive strategy in that they improve their style and communicative effectiveness, broaden the context of the discourse, and shift its focal point. Chapter 1 reflects on the emergence of same-sex marriage and offers a brief analysis of week points of the counter-campaign. Chapter 2 reflects on the three dimensions in more detail: it outlines a more effective communication strategy; presents some consequences and of same-sex marriage and parallel development and finally establishes the concept of homosexuality as the foundational prerequisite for gay marriage. Chapter 3 examines the current normalisation paradigm of homosexuality from various perspectives. Following this, guidelines are proposed towards a more viable paradigm, inclusive of considering possible developments in the Catholic Church. Keywords...

This diploma thesis deals with the issue of homosexuality in the context of its current situation in Czech society and in connection with the education of secondary school students. The theoretical part of the thesis is mainly focused on a thorough mapping of the Czech Republic homosexual environment, from explaining the basic terminology related to the topic, explaining the essence of homosexuality in connection with related circumstances, to analyzing the human-rights aspect and placing the issue of homosexuality into a secondary school education program. The aim of the practical part is to find out what students are aware of the topic also in the context with secondary (or primary) education or preventive activities at school. This as described is implemented on the basis of quantitative research, and as a method of data collection a questionnaire was chosen. The analysis of the data shows that high school students have a good knowledge of the issue, however it is probably not based on a secondary or primary education due to the fact, that the topic of homosexuality wasn't discussed in the curriculum or prevention programs, as a one-fifth of the respondents said. Research also reveals, that students' attitudes toward homosexuality are rather positive. In the end of the work, there is an output...

The diploma thesis focuses on selected specific issues that LGBTQ people (lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transsexuals, and other queer people) face due to their different non- heteronormative sexual and gender identities. Attention is paid specifically to issues of discrimination, stereotyping, partnership (marriage vs. registered partnership), parenthood, attributed promiscuity, and HIV / AIDS. The author focuses on fiction series broadcast between 2000 and 2021, which deals with queer topis and includes LGBTQ characters in the main or supporting roles, focusing on ways of depicting these characters and reflecting on selected issues they experience due to their identity. In foreign series such as Glee, Modern Family, Orange Is the New Black, Pose, Tales of the City, Sex Education, The Politician, It's a Sin and in the Czech series Ulice and MOST! the ways in which the series presents LGBTQ characters are analysed, in what discourse they are talked about and what effect these depictions may have on the majority heterosexual cisgender viewer. The thesis also provides an overview of the most common narrative archetypes of LGBTQ characters appearing in media production. These are also supplemented by examples of characters from the series of the last 20 years. Through a critical analysis of selected series and their reception, the author tries to point out the importance of portraying people with different sexual and gender identities and the influence of this television representation on the formation of opinions and attitudes towards LGBTQ people.

The bachelor thesis deals with the exploration and description of attitudes towards homosexuality, focusing mainly on the degree of homonegativism and characteristics related to attitudes. The theoretical part describes the development of attitudes in our territory and abroad and discusses the most commonly used terms associated with this issue. The empirical part of this thesis takes the form of quantitative design. Using a questionnaire survey, it tries to describe the difference between the degree of homonegativity in the Czech Republic. There were 1.590 respondents aged 18 to 56 years as the research sample. The ATLG questionnaire was used to determine the degree of homonegativity, the BFI-2-S questionnaire focused on personality characteristics and supplementary questions related to LGBT+ issues were also used. When comparing the degree of homonegativity in male and female persons, a difference has been demonstrated. The next tested hypotheses regarding sociodemographic data have not been confirmed. However, differences across groups of people who are friends with an LGBT+ individual (s) and also among people who had a negative social experience with someone from a given minority group have been confirmed. The correlation between the degree of homonegativity and its two dimensions - extraversion and conscientiousness has been confirmed from the BFI-2-S questionnaire. The results, as well as the limits of the study and the possibility of further research, are discussed in the thesis.

This bachelor thesis is focused on the neglected segment of LGBT people. LGBT community (also known as Queer) is typical for people with special characteristics, special needs, wishes and requirements in relation to tourism. The objectives of this thesis are to describe the specific needs of the selected segment of customers in tourism, to suggest options of equivalents that satisfy their needs and to create specific proposals of possible solutions. The data were obtained through a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was compiled on the basis of information, which is obtained from the theoretical part. Within the questionnaire survey were tested three hypotheses about two variables for which probable independence was found. Finally, the data were used to create a complex product design for the LGBT segment.

The thesis deals with the process of surrogacy in a homosexual couple and colnsultation when two homosexuals have a child. The text is structured into four chapters. The first chapter describes parenthood and what possibilities a homosexual couple has in this area, the second chapter professionally presents assisted reproduction, the third chapter deals in detail with the whole process of surrogacy in a homosexual couple. The last chapter is dedicated with colnsultation at a homosexual couple with children, and other problems that a couple may encounter.

Homosexuality and Teaching of the Catholic Church is a critical analysis of homosexuality as an anthropological phenomenon examined from dogmatic and theological as well as ethical perspective laid down in the Catholic teaching and reviewed in the context of the Apostolic Exhortation on Love in the Family, Amoris laetitia. It confronts particular anthropological approaches towards theoretical and practical problems concerning homosexual orientation with the emphasis put on their compatibility with the Catholic moral doctrine. Searching for a conform personally accepted and positive integration of homosexuality perceived as irregular and difficult situation according to the Christian understanding of integral personal and spiritual growth in relation to a man practicing his Catholic faith is the main task of this diploma thesis.

Disgust is one of the basic human emotions, its purpose being protection of individuals from situations that could potentially harm them. Disgust can also play a part in many mental disorders. One of the domains of disgust is sexual disgust, which allows an individual to choose the optimal sexual partner and to distance themselves from other individuals who exhibit inappropriate sexual behavior. The sexual disgust sensitivity is influenced by a range of individual factors, such as political orientation, religion, culture and social norms, personality differences, preferred reproductive strategies and gender. Higher average rate of sexual disgust has been observed in women than in men, which is related to their different sexual and social lives. Disgust also plays an important role in prejudice against homosexuals. Keywords: sexual disgust, mating strategies, homosexuality, basic emotions, adaptive behavior

This bachelor thesis is dedicated to the media response to books for children and youth, in which the topic of same-sex couples appears. The theoretical part defines literature for children and youth, the literary fairy tale as one of its genres, and focuses on contemporary Czech work for children and youth. It also deals with representation of homosexuality in modern Czech literary works. The practical part of the thesis presents four selected books in which the topic of same-sex couples appears and gives a profile of their authors, or translators, and publishing houses in which they were published in the Czech republic. It then maps and subsequently analyzes the media response of these books in the Czech mass media. The bachelor thesis also includes the interview with Ondřej Moravec, the author of one of the selected books, devoted to the origin of his book and the issue of portraying homosexuality in works for children and youth in the Czech Republic.

The bachelor thesis deals with the school experiences of LGB people, i.e. people who are homosexual or bisexual and currently attending high school (aged 15-19). The research used a qualitative methodology, specifically semi-structured interviews with 10 students, which were analyzed by using thematic analysis. The aim of the research was to describe and understand the situation of LGB people in the classroom and to find out the importance of the fact that they are not heterosexual in their relationships with classmates and teachers. The research shows that strong relationships between LGB students and their schoolmates are uncommon, but LGB students do not have this internal difficulty. LGB students rate the school and classroom environment as positive and they also mention support from teachers very often.

This bachelor thesis is focused on the new area of tourism, which is called LGBT tourism. LGBT (also known as Queer or Pink) tourism is a part of tourism, which is focused on a special segment of tourists. LGBT segment is typical for special needs and wishes. The LGBT community is group of lesbians, gays, bisexuals and transgender people with special characteristics, so supporting organisations, events and LGBT-friendly destinations are described in the thesis too. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to describe basic characteristics, development and motivation for creation this new area of tourism. It is presented and described on the Czech Republic and also on the global level. People of LGBT community filled in the questionnaires to provide us with their opinion and attitude of LGBT tourism. Retrieved data helps to create the project about appropriate sightseeing for this LGBT segment.

Diplomová práce je zaměřena na téma homosexuality a LGBT diskurzu v 90. letech v ČR prostřednictvím analýzy časopisu Promluv. V teoretické části jsou představeny stěžejní koncepty a teoretická východiska, která při zkoumání konceptu homosexuality obecně není možné z genderového hlediska opomenout. Dále je téma zasazeno do historického kontextu. Empirická část zahrnuje kromě popisu metodologie také diskurzivní analýzu časopisu Promluv. Cílem práce je zjistit, zda a jak se časopis Promluv vymezoval převládajícím diskurzům týkajících se politiky identit, sexuality a feminismu. Analytická část je rozdělena do pěti oblastí výzkumu. Klíčová slova: homosexualita, diskurz, gender, identita, sexualita, heteronormativita ABSTRACT The diploma thesis is focused on the topic of homosexuality and the LGBT discourse in the Czech Republic during the 1990s through the analysis of Promluv the magazine. The theoretical part introduces the fundamental concepts and theoretical basis which cannot be left out when analysing the concept of homosexuality from the gender view-point. Apart from the description of methodology, the empirical part of the thesis includes the discursive analysis of the magazine. The aim of the thesis is to determine whether and how the magazine opposed the predominant discourses concerning the...

This bachelor's thesis deals with the problematics of a coming out in the life of a homosexual. It contains definitions of homosexuality, related concepts and describes possible causes of homosexuality's origin. The thesis maps how was homosexuality perceived in the context of history and continues with the insight of how it is perceived in Czech Republic nowadays. It also contains the definition of coming out, its different types and presents specific problems of a coming out in different phases of life. Furthermore it deals with possible crisis situations that can arise based on a problematic outer coming out and maps the social work's tools that can help with tackling those situations.

1 Abstract In my bachelors thesis, I deal with the relationship between women and gay men in the workplace, specifically in a beauty store. My research has stemmed from gender theories that is concerned with the ways in which gender and gender roles affect individuals' interpersonal relationships. These theories show that feminine women have positive attitudes towards feminine gay men, a minority group at risk of discrimination and prejudice. Thus, my goal was to determine the relationships and attitudes of feminine women towards feminine gay men in the workplace and elucidate whether the results of this study will confirm gender theories or show the ongoing vulnerability of homosexuals. My second goal was to compare the negative behavior towards this minority group with the legal norms of the Czech republic and see the extent of protection from such behavior. The research method involved a case study compiled by semi-structured interviews with six respondents, composed of five females and one gay male, who work in the beauty store. The interviews were then analyzed by coding. The results show that there is discriminatory behavior, prejudice, homophobia and other forms of bullying in the workplace towards gay men in the workplace. The reason for such behavior may be the fact that gay employees wear makeup,...

Homosexual interactions were documented in more than 50 primate species, including humans. Homosexual behaviour is defined as either genital contact, genital manipulation or combination of both between same-sex individuals. The aim of this thesis is to systematically summarize the past knowledge of homosexual behavior in primates and critically analyze its possible functions. Homosexual behaviour varies in frequency, context and form in which this behaviour occurs, both between species, between males and females and during ontogenesis. I summarise not only studies looking recording homosexual behaviour in different primate species, but also regarding its form and the circumstances under which such behaviour occurs. Furthermore, in this thesis I introduce several sociosexual functions explaining homosexual behaviour, which are described most frequently: 1) dominance assertion, 2) tension regulation, 3) reconciliation, 4) alliance formation and social-bonding and 5) training for heterosexual mating. Sexual/hedonic aspects of this behaviour also form significant part of homosexual interactions. Possible functions of homosexual behaviour do not clearly point to a single explanation, homosexual behaviour could be multifunctional similarly to humans. Keywords: homosexual behaviour, homosexuality,...

This work explores how students of two schools, Bishop Grammar School and a vocational school, see people who have a sexual orientation that is different from theirs. The first part is concerned with explaining some basic terms, such as sexuality, sexual orientation, and gender identity. Furthermore, it looks at homosexuality in general as well as homosexuality in young adults. The first part offers an overview of how homosexuality was perceived in the past. This work also looks at this in terms of legislation. Then it looks at the current times and how the public sees the issue of homosexuality and same-sex parenting. The practical part of this work surveys the students' knowledge about this issue. The questionnaire consists of 19 questions. Each of these is designed to make it easy to sort them out based on type of school, gender, and religion. Taking these categories into consideration, this work analyses how students perceive homosexuality. The result of this analysis is an overview of the students' toleration level towards homosexuality, their knowledge of this issue, and their information sources about this issue. The aim is to compare the students perception and knowledge; and to find out whether these are effected by the students' level of education, gender, or religion. The conclusion...