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This research aims to identify Islamic journalistic ethics in reducing the rise of hoax news during the COVID-19 pandemic and to establish standards for news eligibility free from hoaxes. The spread of hoax news has become increasingly widespread, often trending. The 2020 KIC survey revealed that nearly 60% of Indonesians are exposed to hoax news, primarily related to politics, health, and religion. In Indonesia, hoaxes distort facts by presenting convincing yet unverifiable information, exploited by irresponsible parties to instill slander and hatred. Therefore, this research seeks to examine the rise of hoaxes complicating pandemic management and how to counteract them. Data is obtained from Kompas TV. This research employs a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The study reveals that Kompas TV journalists adhere to Islamic journalistic ethics and the Cyber Media News Guidelines, ensuring their news content is accurate and verified. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Kompas TV journalists strictly verify information. From Kompas TV's perspective, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to an abundance of hoax news that must be prevented as early as possible

The research analysis is related to the influence of religious understanding and media literacy skills on the tendency to spread hoax news in the Surabaya Mengaji Community. This study uses a quantitative research approach, with a population of participants in the Sunday routine study at the Jami Mecca Bendul Merisi Mosque in Surabaya under the auspices of the Surabaya Mengaji Community. for statistical data analysis using the Yule's Q statistical formula. Based on the results of Yule's Q statistical calculations it shows that the correlation of religious understanding to the spread of hoax news is -0.178, which means it has a "low negative relationship", the correlation of media literacy skills to the spread of hoax news reaches -0.431 which can be interpreted as having a "moderate negative relationship", and the correlation of religious understanding and media literacy skills to the spread of hoax news, is tested through explanation, this is because in this study Qxy Tied T is smaller than zero order, -0.552 as Qxy Tied T, and -0.748 as zero order, and the difference is more than 0.10. So it can be analyzed that religious understanding and media literacy skills still have an important and meaningful relationship.

Along with the development of information technology, news media has also developed by presenting information online Along with the rapid development of online news, the spread of fake news information (hoaxes) is also increasing rapidly and widely. Hoax news is often spread intentionally for various purposes. Generally, hoax news aims to direct the reader's perception to believe in a bad perception of an event, character or even a company. The motivation is to invite readers to believe something that is not true with the aim of benefiting the news disseminator is something dangerous. This research aims to detect English-language hoaxes by applying the Support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. In this study, the data used are two data sources, namely English news datasets from Kaggle and English news taken from BBC. The results of this study show that the application of the SVM algorithm turns out to get good performance because the model is able to classify hoax news with an accuracy of 99.4% on Kaggle data while on the BBC news dataset the model gets an accuracy of 98.9%. This research also shows that the SVM method is proven to have good generalization properties. Where it is able to identify test data that is completely different from the training data.

The hoax has been widely discussed in many studies employing various approaches, and one of the hoaxes massively spread recently is news about COVID-19. This qualitative study aims at investigating the essence of hoax news related to COVID-19 in the Indonesian context using a content analysis approach. The main source of data was 50 hoax news collected from turnbackhoax.com, which is one of the credible anti-hoax news sources in Indonesia. The present study collected the news from 1st January 2022 until 30th March 2020. They were then analysed and interpreted qualitatively. The research findings revealed that hoax news circulated during this pandemic era mostly had the purpose of sparking public panic, especially panic buying and panic moving. To trigger such a condition, writers of hoax news frequently used symbols such as time markers (time signals) and quantifiers and involved famous figures. This implies that hoaxes are not only spread during political events or other important occasions but also when most humans in the world experience mass trauma, which in this case is due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The research is a legal review based on the documentary research concept by comparing the development of legislative responses to fake news spread in Southeast Asia. Anti-fake news legislation focuses on the transmission of information by electronic means than print media. The analysis is carried out for each of the member states by including a clause-by-clause examination of the legislation and subsequent cases addressing legal issues associated with the laws. Several common factors should be addressed to provide a fairer and more transparent approach, including developing a clear-cut definition of fake news. Two key elements should be met in the definition of spreading of fake news: it should be the intentional spreading of misinformation or disinformation by design. The research suggests it would be better to develop anti-fake news legislation as either a standalone statute or a specific amendment to existing legislation than include fake news in omnibus legislation. Except in the most serious cases, creating, publishing, or distributing fake news illegality should be reduced from a criminal offence to an administrative offence, where the police issue a fine. Given the documented publishing and spreading of disinformation by state actors, their servants and agents, there should be an explicit “fake news” offence associated with the action of such persons.

Hoax news in Indonesia spread at an alarming rate. To reduce this, hoax news detection system needs to be created and put into practice. Such a system may use readers’ feedback and Naïve Bayes algorithm, which is used to verify news. Overtime, by using readers’ feedback, database corpus will continue to grow and could improve system performance. The current research aims to reach this. System performance evaluation is carried out under two conditions ‒ with and without sources (URL). The system is able to detect hoax news very well under both conditions. The highest precision, recall and f-measure values when including URL are 0.91, 1, and 0.95 respectively. Meanwhile, the highest value of precision, recall and f-measure without URL are 0.88, 1 and 0.94, respectively.

This study examined communication strategies used by Indonesian national movements to teach media information literacy as an endeavour to fight hoaxes. The in-depth online interview and content analysis had been employed to investigate approaches of the movement to campaign media information literacy competence to society. The findings reveal that the offline communication has been massively applied by the movement to establish direct engagement to give a comprehensive understanding. Moreover, in the case of online communication, the content of Instagram shows that the movements predominantly use Instagram for marketing tools which post much information related to offline activities, instead of educated contents that contain media information literacy understanding. This study suggests that educating media information literacy through online communication should be prioritised, as 140 million Indonesians are active social media users, dominated by the youth aged 18-24 who are prone to be attacked by fake news.

The word hoax became popular with the development of technology that has potentially increased the circulation of hoax news. One of the ways hoax news circulates is through mobile instant messaging applications like WhatsApp, where users can interact directly, or between individuals who are members of a group. In Indonesia, by 2017, WhatsApp was the most used and the longestused mobile instant messaging application, having 35.87 million users. This study focuses on women using WhatsApp, as previous studies have shown that women dominate social media use in Indonesia. Using the elaboration likelihood model, this study aimed to investigate how women process hoax messages about child abduction on WhatsApp. The results of research through interviews and surveys indicate that women tend to process hoax messages about the abduction of children through peripheral lines. The lack of media literacy and the tendency to prioritize the emotional aspects of a story make some women vulnerable to spreading hoaxes through WhatsApp. In this study, the researchers recommend a digital empowerment movement to improve women’s media literacy through an online lecture model on WhatsApp. This program should be professionally managed by experts or academics from relevant fields of study.

This study aims to determine the effect of news in online media on the thoughts and behavior of a person, because the impact is very strong in shaping public opinion. This study uses theory of mass communication, news construction, netizen response, online media. The research method used quantitative descriptive analysis with online data collection techniques. Conclusion of research (1) News construction have positive effect to reporting hoax in online media, meaning that news construction which is loaded and created by online media will influence hoax news dissemination. (2) The netizen response positively affects the news of hoaxes in the online media, meaning more and more netizens respond to hoax news, hoax news will be wider. (3) News construction and netizen responses have a positive and significant influence on hoax news in media online, meaning that these two variables give a significant influence in the preaching of hoax in online media.

This study examined communication strategies used by Indonesian national movements to teach media information literacy as an endeavour to fight hoaxes. The in-depth online interview and content analysis had been employed to investigate approaches of the movement to campaign media information literacy competence to society. The findings reveal that the offline communication has been massively applied by the movement to establish direct engagement to give a comprehensive understanding. Moreover, in the case of online communication, the content of Instagram shows that the movements predominantly use Instagram for marketing tools which post much information related to offline activities, instead of educated contents that contain media information literacy understanding. This study suggests that educating media information literacy through online communication should be prioritised, as 140 million Indonesians are active social media users, dominated by the youth aged 18-24 who are prone to be attacked by fake news. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]