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The aim of the master's thesis was to evaluate the effects of the application of an auxiliary product on the production parameters of potatoes. For this purpose, a one-year small-plot experiment was established in 2022 at the experimental field in Lukavec. The varieties Ornella, Red Anna, Val Blue, and Westamyl were selected for the experiment. For this experiment, the auxiliary product Energen Fulhum Plus was applied. Energen Fulhum Plus is a modified aqueous solution of substance salts obtained by the original decomposition of technical lignosulfonate. It supports the formation of fine root hairs and, as a result, increases the use of moisture and nutrition. It also supports growth, yield, and material composition. After the harvest of the experimental plots, the yield was determined and then samples were taken for chemical analyses. From the experiment, the tuber yield, average tuber weight, starch content, starch yield, dry matter content, nitrogen content, nitrogen yield, and polyphenol content were evaluated. In the monitored year 2022, the temperature and precipitation during the period March - September were above average and it is evident from the results that all the varieties increased the tuber yield (t/ha), average tuber weight (g), starch content (%), starch yield (t/ha), nitrogen content (%) and nitrogen yield (t/ha) compared to the control after the application of the auxiliary product Energen Fulhum Plus. As for the dry matter content (%) after the application of the auxiliary product, the dry matter content increased in all varieties except the Val Blue variety, which showed a slight decrease in dry matter content. The application of the auxiliary preparation had different results for the total content of polyphenols (mg EGA/g dry matter), it increased in the varieties Westamyl and Val Blue and, on the contrary, decreased in the varieties Ornella and Red Anna.

In the bachelor thesis two technologies for potato planting are compared. The first technology is planting with an automatic planter and the second technology is planting with a semi-automatic planter. The measurements were carried out in the Highlands region, which is located in a potato production area. The work focuses on the comparison of technologies in terms of quality of work, area performance and economic efficiency. The latter includes the consumption of post-fertiliser materials and the operating costs of individual planters. Furthermore, the thesis seeks the point at which both technologies achieve the same area efficiency at the same machine operating costs.

The diploma thesis is focused on the evaluation of selected biological, production and processing properties of Jerusalem artichoke tubers. For this purpose, a trial was established in the spring of 2021 in the locality Valečov situated in the district Havlíčkův Brod. Four varieties of Jerusalem artichoke were involved into the trial - Karin, Rút, Skarlet and Zlata. The varieties were grown in three variants. Individual cultivation operations, gradual plant growth and tuber harvest were recorded. For all varieties following parameters were evaluated: tuber yield, mean number of tu-bers per plant, mean tuber weight, tuber dry matter content, inulin content in fresh matter, inulin content in dry matter. The variety Rút achieved five best results in the six studied parameters: yield of 42.6 t/ha, tuber weight of 45.30 g, tuber dry matter content of 32.71 %, inulin content in fresh matter of 16.02 %, inulin content in dry matter of 49.06 %. Dry matter content of harvested tubers was measured. Jerusalem artichoke flour and semolina were produced from dry matter. Jerusalem artichoke flour or semolina replaced a half of a third of common flour in eight food products that were subjected to sensory evaluation.

In the theoretical part, agricultural techniques in the cultivation of potatoes were described and selected weed species were characterized, those that cause damage not only regarding root crops. Chemical protection is currently considered to be an important and most represented method for the regulation of weed species. It resides in the use of plant protecting herbicide products to limit the population of weed species below the economic hazard threshold. The practical part of the bachelor's thesis is focused on monitoring the biology and regulation of weeds in the cultivation of root crops (Solanum tuberosum Wild.). On an experimental plot of land managed by the Samohejl family near the village of Malešice (district České Budějovice) in the South Bohemian Region. Three potato varieties (Adéla, Belana, Marabel) and three different herbicides (Arcade 880 WG, Mistral and Sencor Liquid) were compared and the yield of tubers of cultivated potato varieties was monitored at the same time. The results showed that the effect was different for each herbicide. Due to their active substance (metribuzin), the small effect of these products was manifested on sow thistle and creeping spider. As a secondary result, the yield of tubers of individual varieties of potatoes in different treatments was monitored, when individual varieties responded to different herbicide treatments and thus provided different yields in these cases.

The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the reaction of chosen potato varieties to the application of leaf fertilizers. The speed of their action and, together with combination with other interventions (common application with fungicides), and also the economics of their application belong among the advantage of leaf fertilizer application. In 2012 and 2013 there was an experiment established in 380 m above the sea level. In this experiment the effect of application of urea solution, Lignohumate, and Energen Fructus was evaluated in the varieties with a different length of vegetation period Magda very early, Adéla - early, Laura and Satina semi early and Bionta - late. The rate of sprouted plants, the yield of tubers, the proportion of tubers of consumer size, the number of tubers under cluster, an average weight of one tuber, the number of stems per a plant, and the content of starch were evaluated in these plants. It was found out from the results that in 2012 Magda and Satina varieties reacted with an increased average weight of one tuber after the application of all leaf fertilizers. The effect of Lignohumate was the most positive in this year; it increased an average weight of one tuber in Magda, Adéla, and Satina varieties. In comparison to that, in the second year of the experiment there was a positive reaction to additional fertilizing with Lignohumate, Urea, and Energen Fructus, leading to the increase of an average weight of one tuber in Magda, Adéla, Laura, and Bionta varieties. In 2013 there was the highest influence on an average weight of one tuber caused by the use of Urea, namely in Magda, Adéla, Laura, and Bionta varieties.

The aim of this bachelor's thesis was the evaluation of the effect of the Jerusalem artichoke´s (Helianthus tuberosus L.) genotype (clone) on yield structure and selected parameters of the tubers. A one-year field experiment was established on 25th April 2012 on the experimental station of the University of South Bohemia in the České Budějovice (altitude 395 m, a cereal production area), where 8 different genotypes (Refla, Lola, Gigant, Karina, Völkenroder Spindel, Úrodný, Běloslupký, C 63) were planted in 3 replications (spacing at 0.3 x 0.75 m). Úrodný and Gigant were evaluated as the earliest clones (appearing of the flower head 84 days after the date of the planting). The tubers of 5 consecutive plants from the middle row in each replication were harvested in autumn (on 31st October). All clones except clone Běloslupký (due to late planting) were statistically evaluated. The yield values moved in the range of 33.48 t/ha (C 63) to 44.74 t/ha (Úrodný). Genotype Völkenroder Spindel produced the most of the tubers per plant (average 24.3), but we identified the smallest average weight of the tubers (34.73 g) at this clone (R = 0.84%). The least tubers were produced by clone C 63 (16.3). The highest average weight of the tubers was achieved by genotype Úrodný (73.59 g; the 2nd place belongs to clone C 63 55.63 g). We used the method of the lyophilization (Alpha 1 4 LSC) to determine the dry matter content in tubers. The values of the dry matter content ranged from 18.85 % (Lola) to 22.36 % (Völkenroder Spindel). The quantity of the proteins and nitrogen contained in the dry matter were other parameters which we analyzed (BCA Protein Assay Kit, Pierce). The highest values of the proteins contained in the dry matter were obtained at the genotype Refla (6.13 %) and the lowest at the genotype Úrodný (3.90 %). The values of the nitrogen content moved in the range of 0.68 % (Lola) to 1.02 % (C 63). When we used methods of the SDS PAGE and the automatic chip electrophoresis we determined only quantitative differences of the proteins composition in the tubers. The approximate molecular weights of the identified proteins were 8, 20 30, 35, 40, 50, 65, 80, 85 a 90 kDa.

The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the influence of leaf fertilizers at potato yield. The main advantage of leaf nutrition is speed of an action on a plant, possible combination with other interventions (application of fungicides) and economy of use. Leaf nutrition promotes tuber yield and quality, mainly in their tuber set and poor growth conditions. It is important to perceive leaf nutrition as a suplement nutrition because it is no substitute for root nutrition. The field experiment was established on the land of the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice in 2011. There were used selected varieties of potatoes with different growing season. Very early variety Magda, early variety Adéla, semi-early varieties Laura and Satina and serotinous variety Bionta. The experiment was comprised of four variants and in four replications. There were used liquid solution of urea, Lignohumate and Lignohumate with NPK for fertilizer of variants 1, 2 ,3. Control variant was without aplication of fertilizer. There were evaluated proportion of grow-up plants, tuber yield, proportion of ware size tubers, the number of tubers per plant, the average weight of one tuber, the average weight of ware size tubers and starch content. It was found out using of liquid solution of urea increased tuber yield of all selected varieties. The highest yield of varieties Adéla and Laura was achieved by application of Lignuhumate, the highest yield of varieties Satina a Bionta after using of liquid solution of urea. Very early variety Magda was not too responsive to application of leaf fertilizers excep using of liquid solution of urea.

The present work deals with the cultivation and use of potato starch. It contains a description of the chemical and physical properties of starch with cultivation of potatoes and potato starch production technology and treatment options of starch. The paper describes the development of Starch to the current situation. Furthermore, on the economic aspects of the manufacture of starch and the realtionship between growers and processors. Finally, it describes the production of alcohol.

The aim of the contritbution was to study potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber protein concentration during growing season in dependence on actual ontogenesis stage of the potato plant. The changes in tuber protein concentration were studied on two potato cultivars - Adora (very early maturing) and Bionta (late maturing). The trial was established under field conditions on the site České Budějovice (380 m). Continuous ore sampling was aimed at following parameters evaluation: average tuber weight, dry matter concentration, crude protein concentration and protein concentration. Early maturing cultivar Adora showed rapid increasing of biomass from the start of ontogenesis and at the same time rapid decreasing of nitrogen compounds and pure protein concentration. The late maturing cultivar Bionta showed much more slow formation of biomass however the decreasing of nitrogen compounds and pure protein concentration was also recorded. Significant effect of ontogenesis stage on crude as well as pure protein concentration was evaluated. Significant effect on crude and pure protein concentration had also cultivar.