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This paper seeks to show the relationship between the travelled landscape of the late nineteenth century Kentish Weald, the survey and collecting expeditions of Benjamin Harrison and his associates, and the imagined early Palaeolithic and 'Eolithic' life-ways that these investigators sought to uncover. We show how fieldwork shaped thinking and practice, and how walking served to organize the bodily practices of knowledge production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Can we use the past to improve the present and plan better futures? What is the purpose of archaeological knowledge? To whom do we feel ourselves accountable? What can we learn from past episodes of archaeologists grappling with these same questions? In light of recent claims regarding the value of archaeology for solving the most pressing problems of our day, it is worth revisiting times in our own history when archaeologists were enlisted in attempts to instrumentalize the past to address contemporary concerns. The case of Robert McCormick Adams and his trailblazing full-coverage survey research in Iraq and Iran between 1956 and 1962 clearly demonstrates the possibilities and pitfalls of such efforts. Adams's commentaries on this fieldwork—particularly the reflections on the purpose and impact of archaeological research it provoked—have consequential ramifications for our disciplinary practice now and going forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The discovery of the "ruins" of Guatacondo, in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile, made the news in 1963. It was the pinnacle of a process of scientific colonization of this territory that had begun in the 19th century and connected multiple experts with the desert and its history. This paper explores the context of discovery of an archaeological site in the Atacama to show how archaeology—as a field of knowledge and a scientific practice—emerged in the interstices of projects of colonial expansion and capitalist modernization, often merging public and private interests. Weaving together histories of scientific explorations, museum operations, and extractivist enterprises, it highlights deep connections between geopolitics and ideology with the seemingly apolitical and objective nature of archaeology. Starting with the peripheral figure of Emil de Bruyne—an engineer employed by one of the biggest mining operations in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile—we explore the role of different actors within a network of well-connected people whose personal histories, intellectual backgrounds, and personal positions gave shape to the practice of archaeology in this part of the Atacama Desert. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout the history of archaeology, researchers have evaluated human societies in terms of systems and systems interactions. Complex systems theory (CST), which emerged in the 1980s, is a framework that can explain the emergence of new organizational forms. Its ability to capture nonlinear dynamics and account for human agency make CST a powerful analytical framework for archaeologists. While CST has been present within archaeology for several decades (most notably through the use of concepts like resilience and complex adaptive systems), recent increases in the use of methods like network analysis and agent-based modeling are accelerating the use of CST among archaeologists. This article reviews complex systems approaches and their relationship to past and present archaeological thought. In particular, CST has made important advancements in studies of adaptation and resilience, cycles of social and political development, and the identification of scaling relationships in human systems. Ultimately, CST helps reveal important patterns and relationships that are pivotal for understanding human systems and the relationships that define different societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Joaquín Martínez de Zúñiga (1760–1818) was one of the earliest scholars to propose a trans-Pacific contact theory in his Historia de las Islas Philipinas. Although his 1803 publication contains the earliest-known theory establishing linguistic comparisons between the Mapuche language of Chile and Tagalog (the Philippines), his ideas and evidence have not been fully explored. This article argues that while Martínez de Zúñiga’s ideas were novel and set some scientific grounds for one of the most resilient debates in the history of archaeology, his evidence was scarce. Furthermore, his attribution as one of the earliest individuals to propose a trans-Pacific contact theory is arguably inaccurate, as similar ideas were pondered as early as the 16th century. This article investigates supporting and opposing ideas proposed by Martínez de Zúñiga and his contemporaries, which were either produced in Spanish and British colonies, or shaped by knowledge about them with a colonial bias. These scholars’ hypotheses were predominantly based on linguistic and anthropological grounds, on the direction of sea currents and winds, and on the numerous islands across the Pacific that could facilitate long-distance voyages. Similar ideas continue to feed into the pre-Columbian trans-Pacific contact debate today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Archaeological work leaves material histories, from archival notes to containers that used to store artifacts. Rarely, however, are these containers preserved or valued as technologies that codified and organized archaeological information. This paper analyzes a collection of matchboxes that were formerly used as artifact containers in a 1940s excavation in Coahuila, Mexico. The matchboxes, never formally accessioned and yet still saved by collections staff, are housed In the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) Museum Support Center. By tracing the labor regimes the matchboxes passed through, the specimens they once contained, and the hands that used them in a multitude of ways, this project uses the matchboxes' microhistories to reveal how archaeological containers influenced archaeological science. This research argues for a treatment of the matchboxes as artifacts themselves, worthy of formal accession and of value for their role in the history of archaeological science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bylye Gody is the property of Cherkas Global University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article follows the trajectory of the so-called Tikal lintels from the former Mayan city of Tikal to the Natural History Museum in Basel. Focusing on a network of plantation owners and merchants in Guatemala, the article highlights the crucial role of economic networks for the production and circulation of the Mesoamerican material culture in and from Central America in the second half of the nineteenth century. In this way, plantations can be studied as important places of encounter and curiosity where the meaning and material shape of Guatemala’s Mesoamerican material culture was transformed in a significant way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Chilena de Antropologia is the property of Universidad de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Spal: Revista de Prehistoria y Arqueologia de la Universidad de Sevilla is the property of Spal. Revista de Prehistoria y Arqueologia de la Universidad de Sevilla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bylye Gody is the property of Cherkas Global University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Archives of the University of Wroclaw have preserved folders with documents related to the studies, the defense of the doctorate and the employment at the University of Wroclaw of S. Parnicki-Pudełko. They show the unconventional character and unusual career path of the young scientist. By the way, through these documents we get to know him as a committed patriot and social activist. Already at that time, his significant intellectual potential was noted, his enthusiasm for work and his excellent development was rightly predicted. Living in extremely difficult times, he knew how to maintain decency. In the later years of his life and career, he was associated with the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw and then the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan where he spread his wings as a professor and head of the Novae archaeological expedition.

The author characterizes the personal archive of the famous Soviet archaeologist Aleksei Petrovich Smirnov, a specialist in the archaeology of the Turkic and Finno-Ugric ethnic groups of the Volga-Ural region. The archive is kept in the Department of written sources and the museum got it in several stages (from 1966 to 2001). Since 1982, the main part of it has been available for study, but has not yet attracted sufficient attention of researchers. Based on documents, kept in the archive, some facts from the scientist’s biography are clarified. The main focus of the article is on the period of work in the State Historical Museum. Information about the materials of archeological expeditions in which A.P. Smirnov participated (1924–1972), preserved in his personal archive, is given.

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article provides an overview of radio programs dedicated to Mediterranean archaeology broadcast on Polish Radio during the 1970s and 1980s. This analysis represents the first such endeavor in Polish literature and aligns with the public archaeology trend, which examines the political, cultural, and economic dimensions of archaeological practice and its societal reception. By exploring this category of sources, the text offers a historical perspective on radio broadcasts, presenting them as a novel and previously untapped resource for studying the history of archaeology. Drawing from these sources, the article discusses the dissemination of knowledge concerning the activities of Polish researchers, the media portrayal of the archaeological profession, and the unique phenomenon of the Polish School of Mediterranean Archaeology in the context of Polish scientific history. It delves into the distinctive features and historical background surrounding its establishment. Additionally, attention is given to Kazimierz Michałowski, the visionary behind this initiative, and the strategies he employed to promote public awareness of the research conducted within the Polish School of Mediterranean Archaeology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We examine how earlier 18th and 19th c. antiquaries and scientists mentioned the presence of textile remnants on metal objects • We draw a parallel with contemporary work on a related mechanism, the petrification of wood • We show that the petrification of wood gave rise to experimental archaeology as early as the 16th c. • We discuss how material transformation is influenced by alchemical views of transmutation and imprinting • This conceptualisation has an impact on our contemporary study of mineralised textiles In temperate latitudes, archaeological textiles are rarely found during excavations, except when they have been mineralised in contact with metal artefacts, copper or iron-based. Mineralised textiles are often the only direct source of information on the textile techniques and processes of ancient civilisations. Vivi Sylwan's description of textiles along the Silk Road in the early 20th century is often considered the first detailed archaeological description of mineralised textiles, while the physico-chemist Leo Biek pioneered their microscopic description. In this paper, we examine how antiquaries and scholars from the 18th and the first half of the 19th century identified and studied the presence of textile remains on metal objects, seemingly aware of the significance of these findings. These descriptions share common concepts and vocabulary with writings from the 16th to the early 18th century on petrification of wood. The authors not only show an awareness of and an interest in textile remains, but also question, including experimentally, the process of mineralisation, shaping the modern perception of it with concepts such as "transmutation" or "imprinting". These ancient sources had a lasting impact on our contemporary appraisal of these materials, as we shall discuss in the second stage of this review, which will be devoted to contemporary methods of studying archaeological mineralised textiles. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article intends to explore the theoretical dimensions of backdirt in archaeology. Often ignored and viewed as mere refuse material of archaeological practices, these by-products of excavation lie in the shadow of literature and reports, always present and yet invisible. The goal of the following text is to establish a distinct perspective on backdirt, on its relation with data, and on its capacity to offer renewability of interpretations in epistemic terms. By exploring its theoretical implications and situating it as a historically everchanging concept, backdirt can both shed light on how the materialities of the past have been intervened in before archaeology as well as to become the driving force for a meta-critique in archaeology, a way for archaeologists to study themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The history of archaeology, and of Egyptology, has traditionally been written as a linear narrative of progress, with narrow-minded amateurs—the antiquaries—giving way to professional archaeologists. For some, Joseph Hekekyan's excavations (co-directed by Leonard Horner) at Memphis and Heliopolis in the 1850s have been seen as a turning point, when the geological principle of stratigraphy was applied to archaeology, thus giving rise to methodical scientific excavation. This article challenges the existing narrative by showing how critiques of Hekekyan's excavation and Horner's interpretation, by the antiquary and historian Samuel Sharpe, inspired the eminent geologist Charles Lyell to seek the opinion of John Gardner Wilkinson, another leading antiquarian Egyptologist, as to the validity of the excavations. Wilkinson's specialist knowledge of Egypt enabled him to identity the problematic assumptions that underpinned the excavation programme, which other leading scholars had missed. Though Lyell was unsuccessful in obtaining the support he desired, he became aware of the more complex situation on the ground in Egypt. Instead of ushering in an age of scientific Egyptology, the Horner–Hekekyan programme highlights how new methodological techniques were contested by contemporaries, and did not immediately or necessarily translate into improved knowledge: a much-neglected dimension in fieldwork-centred disciplinary histories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Деятельность выдающегося российского историка И.Е. Забелина как археолога оценивается в истории науки неоднозначно. Неизвестный ранее источник —рукописная инструкция И.Е. Забелина по раскопкам курганов Северного Причерноморья —позволяет расставить новые акценты в трактовке его полевой методики. И.Е. Забелин рекомендовал раскапывать курганы полностью, и только недостаток средств и времени заставляли его копать траншеями. Обосновывая необходимость оставлять находки in situ и отмечать их расположение, он делал верные рекомендации по обнаружению и вскрытию основного погребения, требовал использовать компас, обязательно чертить план и разрезы кургана, вести полевой дневник, фиксируя все детали, положение скелетов человека, коня, инвентаря. Инструкция представляет собой обобщение собственного опыта И.Е. Забелина по раскопкам курганов Скифии и некрополей античных городов; он сам следовал предложенным правилам, на что указывают другие архивные и печатные материалы. В дальнейшем целесообразно привлекать архивные материалы для анализа вклада И.Е. Забелина — внимательного и ответственного полевого исследователя – в методику археологических исследований.

To situate the contributions in this special issue, I historicize the isotopic study of ancient bodies. I begin with radiocarbon (14C) dating as developed by the physical chemist Willard Libby. Libby and team's successful efforts reverberated throughout the sciences but were experienced most profoundly in archaeology. For Libby, this scientific advance engendered symbolic capital, and he was appointed to the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission's (AEC) General Advisory Committee in 1950. As a member of the AEC, he analyzed radioactive strontium (90Sr) to determine the effects of radioactive fallout. Decades later, declassified records indicate that aspects of this work, while not illegal, were decidedly unethical. I see the full scope of Libby's research, both its contribution and its opprobrium, as inceptive for bioarchaeologists' radiogenic and stable isotopic studies. But less historic trivia, my consideration is offered as a cautionary tale for the subfield--about methodological innovation, ontological transformations, and the bioethics of analyzing human remains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Památky Archeologické is the property of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archeologia Polski is the property of Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Gravettian figurine of a woman from Moravany nad Váhom - Podkovica (district Piešťany) is a rare artistic expression of a person from the Upper Palaeolithic not only in Slovakia but also in Europe and the world. Archaeologist Juraj Bárta played a significant role in its rediscovery and return to Slovakia. Although farmer Štefan Hulman-Petrech found the Venus before 1930, its existence remained unknown in former Czechoslovakia until 1958. Before World War II, and also during it, German archaeologist Lothar Friedrich Zotz participated in archaeo- logical research in Moravany nad Váhom. He did not discover the famous Moravany Venus, but it came into his hands through the factory owner Bernhard Germann. Additionally, in 1943 L.. Zotz found another sculpture at the nearby site of Moravany nad Váhom - Lopata, which could also be a statue of a woman. The circumstances of the find were never published. It is interesting not only to remember but also to explain the stories of the Venus from Podkovica and the statuette from Lopata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article offers a cautionary tale about exclusively relying on official archaeological reports for writing histories of archaeological labour. It investigates a small personal collection of postcards and photographs by British field assistant James Leslie Starkey to interrogate the representation of Egyptian labour in the official reports of an archaeological project run by the British School of Archaeology in Egypt (BSAE) at Qau, Egypt, in 1922–23. The postcards raise two points that the reports contest or fail to address: the Egyptian efforts of setting up camp and the Egyptian autonomy in seeking out new areas for excavation. I argue that these discursive strategies were entangled with an early 20th century style of writing reports, archaeology's restricted self-image as primarily a field-based practice, hierarchical structures and representations, and an orientalist and colonialist discourse that sees archaeological knowledge as produced by European 'heads', never Egyptian 'hands'. Unfettered by disciplinary standards, these 'informal' postcards give a glimpse of an archaeological project whose work was more collective and comprehensive than its official reports ever made it out to be. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Serbian Archaeological Society (SAS), founded in 1883, is the first publisher of scientific literature in the field of archaeology in Serbia. In 1884, SAS published the first issue of the journal Starinar, which is being published even today, and is considered one of the oldest archaeological journals in this part of Europe. During the 140 years since it was founded, SAS also launched or took part in the publishing of several journals, of which the Journal of the Serbian Archaeological Society is still being published today. SAS also published a number of scientific monograph publications and proceedings and abstract books from various scientific conferences. This paper provides an overview of the history of editorial activities of the Serbian Archaeological Society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Post-1500 archaeology has undergone many changes in western Mediterranean Europe over the last three decades. This article explores how these changes have developed by focusing on the publishing of post-1500 archaeology in Italy, Spain, and France. Taking Italy as the primary example, it demonstrates that the path taken is intertwined with that of Northern Europe, but that it also deviates in its beginnings, its place in law, and its current place in academic and professional archaeology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2023 will be 120 years from the birthday of a well-known Soviet archaeologist O.N. Bader. The scientist had to move to the Ural region because of the dramatic circumstances of the Great Patriotic War, from the second half of the 1940s till 1954 he worked at the Perm (Molotov) State University, where he founded the scientific archaeological school. O.N. Bader was in active correspondence with many scientists, museum workers, university professors, students and local historians. One of his Moscow correspondents was I.A. Talitskaya, a well-known systematizer of the archaeological sites of the Kama region. The extant correspondence covers the period from 1947 to 1950. It allows us to see the direction and content of archaeological studies in the Kama region. The letters reflect the process of preparation for publication M.V. Talitsky’s and P.A. Dmitriyev’s dissertations, who died in the war; I.A. Talitskaya’s work «Materials for the archaeological map of the Kama river basin». They show the everyday life of scientists in the post-war years, trace the lines of scientific and personal communications between the archaeologists. The letters are a part of large epistolary heritage – they are addressed to O.N. Bader who worked in Perm in the 1940s-1950s. The documents are kept in the Perm University History Museum and handed over to the authors for study.

The Liber Insularum by Cristoforo Buondelmonti can be considered the first guide to the Greek islands, each of them described by a textual paragraph and illustrated by color maps, in a format which gave rise to the new literary genre of Isolaria.” Mapping the Aegean: Cristoforo Buondelmonti’s Liber Insularum” is a Marie Skłodowska-Curie project aimed at the study of this book. This paper illustrates the application of Cadmus, a structured content management tool, to the creation of a digital edition of the Liber and to do this, we focus on the text and map of Corfu as a case study. After a historical introduction on the author and his work and the presentation of the project, we explain why we chose to use this tool and its main characteristics, and we offer a concrete example of its application to the material pertaining to the description of Corfu by showing its frontend output.

The paper critically examines some of the conclusions of the historian Andreas Roth concerning the activities of Johann Albrecht von Reiswitz in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the occupied Serbia. It is stressed that biographies or studies aiming at biographical representation require a clear theoretical-methodological framework, situating the actors into relevant social structures. Instead of picturesque details, abounding in traditional biographies, it is essential to analyse the protagonist through various social orderings in which he acted and to which he adapted. Following this principle, the inconsistencies and contradictions apparent in Roth’s book are pointed out. Contrary to his opinion, in this paper it is argued that the work of Reiswitz cannot be ideologically and practically separated from the activities of the Military-Administrative Headquarters, or the organization Ahnenerbe. None of Reiswitz’s actions took place outside of the general ideology of Nazism, where personal professional advancement was linked to the cumulative radicalisation of the regime. Here it is demonstrated that he not only was ambivalent towards the crimes taking place around him, but was also actively involved, through his collaboration with SS Ahnenerbe, to justify the newly established order in the occupied Serbia. Roth leans upon the authority of some private testimonies, but instead of de-mystifying them, he contradicts his own previous conclusions.

In this Perspective article, I am able to draw the various strands of my intellectual thinking and practice in archaeology and European prehistory into a complex narrative of changing themes. In this narrative, I draw attention to the inspirational triggers of these transformations to be found in works and words of colleagues and events within and outside my immediate discipline. A group of events between 1988 and 1993 disrupted (in a good way) the trajectory of my professional life and provided a convenient anchor around which my themes pivoted and regrouped with very different standpoints. But some trends in my way of working remained constant and contributed, I hope, to a career of cumulative knowledge. Along the way, I show the significance, in terms of my personal intellectual context as well as archaeological practice in general, of my published works as well as more obscure and some unpublished works that are cited here for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Issues in Ethnology Anthropology is the property of Issues in Ethnology Anthropology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Thirty-four mounded features at the Moundville site in Alabama have received alphanumeric designations in the past, but the nomenclature of the smaller, less prominent mounds has not been standardized. This paper standardizes their naming and discusses the research conducted at each. The minor mounds show substantial diversity. Some are multistage constructions of clay with evidence of summit architecture, like their much larger counterparts. Others are evidently built up, at least in part, of domestic debris showing evidence of superimposed living floors. Some show continuous use as mortuary facilities, while others show only superficial mortuary use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Replicas have the ability to communicate artistic, cultural and intellectual values outside their original context. They do this by physically establishing a canon for ordering and interpreting history. Epigraphical squeezes, as fragmentary impressions of sculpted or incised surfaces, are one example of such replicas, occupying a transitory space between source and copy. However, they are rarely studied within this framework, instead seen primarily as an aide for publication. To better understand how squeezes are implicated in our own processes of knowledge formation, this paper focuses on a single case study, the collection of early Christian squeezes held at Musée L. In mapping the biography of this collection, tracing its connection to the emergence of archaeology as a science based on interaction with material remains at the turn of the twentieth century, this case study will provide a rich model for how squeezes can act as sources for historiographical inquiry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reflections on the coloniality that permeates Latin American archaeologies enhance their role in the legitimization of national projects in tension with indigenous populations. These approaches prompt the adoption of an anthropological approach centered on the political uses of the past when studying the history of Latin American archaeologies. This, instead of a purely historiographical use. The history of Bolivian archaeology suggests that the National Revolution of 1952 was a point of rupture between the liberal and nationalist narratives. The purpose of this article is to discuss this postulate by considering the political uses of the past. To do so, we analyze the archaeological work of Arthur Posnansky, which covers four decades (1904-1946) of transformations in the ideologies and policies of the Bolivian State towards indigenous populations: the rise and decline of the liberal state, the indigenist-telurist proposal, and a nationalism that gave rise to the Revolution of 1952. We embark on a detailed diachronic journey through Posnansky’s archaeological work, concentrating on his narratives on the origin of pre-Hispanic populations, their characterization and valuation, the mechanisms of rupture between the present and the past, and their relations with contemporary indigenous populations. This journey is further complemented by considering political contexts and intellectual influences. We posit that Posnansky developed two narratives: one adapted to the liberal moment and the other to indigenism, and that his second narrative is analogous to the one produced after 1952. This new perspective raises questions about the relationship between archaeological narratives and politics, the role of scientific racism in contemporary Bolivia, and the importance of a comparative and cross-border emphasis in constructing a critical history of Latin American archaeologies.

2023 will mark 95 years since the death of Boris Vladimirovich Farmakovsky (1870–1928), an outstanding scholar, researcher of ancient Olbia, art historian and a scientific leader, who did much for the development of archaeology in Russia, for its continuity in the era of change of political system. Archaeologist Lavrentiy A. Moiseev, who was one of B. V. Farmakovsky’s disciples (1882–1946) and the director of the Chersonesos museum, wrote a text in December 1919 that remained unpublished. It is devoted to the 25th anniversary of Boris Vladimirovich’s scholarly activity and is not only an example of an anniversary celebration genre commonly recognised in academic life, not only a document of the epoch reflecting the time when it was composed – “separation of the Crimea and Petrograd” period – but also a fragment of memoirs about the university life and the atmosphere in S.-Petersburg of the early 20th century. The proposed article is devoted to the publication of this text, and also concerns the relationship between the two scholars in the period of the Russian Civil War.