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Van fish is an anadromic fish in the family Cyprinidae, endemic to the Lake Van basin. Fish feeding and care enters the streams flowing into the lake from Lake Van in April-July. In these aquatic environments, differences are observed in the feeding behavior of the fish. In this study, the digestive tract of 30 Van fish sampled from Lake Van and Karasu Stream between April and July were examined morphometrically and histologically. When the digestive tract of the Van fish was examined, it was observed that there was no obvious stomach structure. It was determined that the digestive tract consists of the esophagus, stomachlike structure that serves as the stomach, anterior intestine, posterior intestine and anus. When the digestive tract of Van fish is examined, it consists of the outermost serous layer, the muscularis layer, the submucosa layer and the innermost mucosa layer consisting of folds towards the lumen. It was determined that these layer thicknesses varied between fish sampled from lakes and streams. Diameter, mucosal width, mucosal length, mucosal folds, muscularis thickness, submucosa thickness and length were measured morphometrically. It was determined that these values were higher in the fish sampled from the lake compared to the fish sampled from the rivers. Measurements in the digestive tract of van fish were determined for the first time in this study. These measured values are thought to be related to the nutrition, stress and physicochemical structure of the water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kocatepe Veterinary Journal / Kocatepe Veteriner Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the way medical education is delivered. In most countries education was provided remotely. In this study, we aimed to study whether social and online habits, computer readiness, online communication skills, and Internet Use Disorder (IUD) were significant characteristics affecting the preferences of medical students for online or traditional classroom teaching in histology and embryology. Material and Method: In 2019-2020, the fall semester for Turkish universities was face-to-face. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the spring semester of that academic year was online. We asked 1,144 public and private university students in Istanbul about demographic characteristics and their preferences in learning and general living, using two subscales of the Online Learning Readiness Scale (OLRS) and the Young Internet Addiction Scale. We compared online and face-to-face success levels using quiz results. Results: Students generally preferred traditional lectures. However, those with higher OLRS scores preferred online lectures and learning materials and were more adapted to online living. Internet use disorder did not correlate with online lecture preferences. The results from private and public universities were not considerably different. The success levels after online lectures were better than after face-to-face lectures, which suggests that the preferences and satisfaction of students are different from their learning achievement. Conclusion: Preferences of students should be the priority in planning medical education. They want online lectures available as complementary to face-to-face lectures. Therefore, instructors should improve their online communication and teaching skills to enhance students’ online lecture satisfaction. The IUD does not possess a risk in this condition. Contrarily, regularly planned complementary online courses will enhance students online learning habits, online readiness and achievement and enables a more effective continuation of education in cases of natural disasters and pandemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kınalı keklik (Alectoris chukar) ve sülün (Phasianus colchicus)’ün primer lenfoid organlardan bursa Fabricius ve timus dokularının histolojik yönden değerlendirilmesi ve karşılaştırılması amaçlandı. Çalışmada, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Zootekni Bölümü Kanatlı Hayvan Yetiştirme Biriminden 3 adet, sağlıklı kınalı keklik ve sülün temin edildi. Bursa Fabricius ve timus doku örnekleri diseksiyon ile alındı. Genel histolojik incelemeler için hematoksilen-eosin ve masson trikrom boyamaları, doku ve hücrelerdeki nötral mukosubstansı ve karbonhidrat içeriğini belirleyebilmek için periodic acid schiff (PAS) reaksiyonu, plazma hücrelerini belirlemek için methyl green-pyronin boyaması uygulandı. Timusun major hücreleri için Weigert’s hematoksilenli van gieson boyaması gerçekleştirildi. Mast hücrelerini göstermek için ise toludin blue ve alcian blue/safranin O kombinasyon boyama teknikleri yapıldı. Kınalı keklik ve sülün timus ve bursa Fabricius’unun korteks ve medulla bölgelerindeki plazmosit, mastosit ve lenfosit hücrelerinin büyüklüklerinin ölçümleri yapılıp ortalama değerleri hesaplandı. Ayrıca dokuların fotoğrafları Leica DM 500 mikroskobunda çekildi. Kınalı keklik ve sülün bursa Fabricius ve timus dokuları histolojik açıdan karşılaştırıldığında önemli bir farklılığın olmadığı sonucuna varıldı.

In this study the larynx, trachea, and lungs of one 1.5-year-old adult female lynx (Lynx lynx) were examined. The macro anatomical and histological structure of the larynx cartilages, trachea, and lungs were tried to be revealed by dissection and measurements. It was determined that the trachea had 48 cartilage rings (cartilago trachealis) up to the bifurcatio trachealis, the diameters of which narrow as they approach the lungs. The total tracheal length was 172.36 mm. It was seen that the cross-section of the lynx trachea resembled a circle. The hyaline cartilage structure surrounding the trachea was determined. A muscle structure called musculus transversus trachea, which closes the open ends of this cartilage and surrounds the cartilage from the outside, was detected. It was determined that the trachea consisted of tunica mucosa, submucosa, and tunica adventitia layers. The pulmo sinister in the lynx lung consisted of two main lobes, lobus cranialis, and lobus caudalis. Lobus cranialis was also divided among itself as pars cranialis and pars caudalis. Pulmo dexter was divided into four main lobes as lobus cranialis, lobus medius, lobus caudalis, and lobus accessorius. It was determined that there was connective tissue capsule surrounding the lung, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli, intraalveolar septum, and abundant blood vessels. In intraalveolar septum; capillaries, erythrocytes were determined. Type I and type II pneumocytes were seen covering the alveolar surface. In addition, it was determined that there were macrophages in the alveolar sacs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Harran University Journal of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine / Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Harran University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Research in Health Sciences (JARHS) / Sağlık Bilimlerinde İleri Araştırmalar Dergisi (SABİAD) is the property of Journal of Advanced Research in Health Sciences (JARHS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: This study discusses the historical background of distance learning and its pros and cons from the perspective of students and teachers. This study aimed to conduct a comparison of the effectiveness of distance learning during the quarantine period at Kharkiv National Medical University (KNMU), and the national lockdown at the University of Cape Town (UCT). Material and Methods: A survey was used to investigate student’s perspectives about distance education. An online survey consisting of 19 questions was conducted on Google Forms platform among 395 students at KNMU and among 124 students of UCT obtained from Vula site statistics. Individuals’ learning progress during histological and anatomical classes using different methods such as virtual aggregators of slides and 3D programs were also observed. Results: At KNMU, most students (72.2%, n=285) agreed that the main advantages of distance education were the extra time they had to prepare for classes and revise study materials whereas the major challenge they faced while having distance education was the lack of clinical approach to patients (69.1%, n=273). At UCT, students found that the most helpful aspect of distance learning was pre-recorded lecture videos (66.9%, n=83). Conclusion: The pandemic has shown that distance learning is possible, but the question remains: has it proved to be efficient, and is it an inseparable part of the education system today? The role of distance education in the twenty-first century can be summarized as distance education programs catching huge popularity in the educational world with having and spreading discussable sides.

Copyright of Namık Kemal Tıp Dergisi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: The research paper presents the characteristic of cytoarchitectonics of the thymus of intact white mature male laboratory rats. Topicality of the study is due to the need to clarify the data on the contribution of each type of thymus cells in the formation of its structure. The aim of the research was to determine the specifics of localization and ultramicroscopic structure of thymus cells in male mature Wistar laboratory rats. Material and Methods: The study was conducted using histological and ultramicroscopic methods on 10 mature male laboratory rats, weighing 130-150 g. Semi-thin (0.5-1 μm) and ultrathin (0.05-0.2 μm) sections were made on a microtome UMTP-4 (Ukraine), which were stained with 1% methylene blue solution with the addition of 1% sodium tetraborate solution. Histological analysis and photographic recording were performed using Olympus light microscope (Japan) and DSM 510 camcorder with magnification in 1000 times. Results: With a detailed study of the semi-thin and ultrathin sections in the thymus lobules the specifics of localization and ultramicroscopic structure of thymus cells were clearly identified. The features of localization and ultramicroscopic structure of epithelial, mesenchymal, vascular and hematopoietic thymus cells were determined from the point of view of their functional loads and interactions. Conclusion: The described structural peculiarities of the components of the thymus and their relative location in different zones reflect significant organ polymorphism, which must be taken into account in order to achieve the required level of objectivity in the result evaluation of simulated biomedical experiments.

Objectives:Frozen Section (Fs) Is Mainly Performed To Decide If The Sampled Tissue In Surgery Is Benign Or Malignant. The Accuracy Of Fs Exams Varies Based On The Specific Anatomical Site. False Diagnoses May Cause Consequences For Surgeons And Patients, Considering The Circumstances Of False Positive Reports. In This Study, We Aimed To Evaluate The Accuracy Of This Method (Frozen Biopsy) In Surgeries. Materials and Methods:In This Retrospective Study, Frozen Sections Of The Pathology Department Of Taleghani Hospital Have Been Reviewed And Compared With The Permanent Section Results As Gold Standard To Evaluate The Sensitivity And Specificity Of The Test. In Cases Where The Results Were Dissonant, We Investigated The Causes Of This Discordance. Results:A Total Of 1016 Samples From 557 Patients Were Studied. The Mean Age Of The Patients Was 52.15 ± 16.94. In The Study Of Frozen Sections, 778 Sections (76.6%) Were Benign, 192 Sections (18.9%) Were Malignant, 38 Sections (3.7%) Were Suspected, And In 8 Sections (0.8%) The Samples Could Not Be Identified Due To The Inappropriate Specimen. In All, 95 Cases (9.35%) Were Deferred, And Of The Remaining, 19 Cases (2.06%) Were Discordant. Out Of 19 Discordant Cases, 13 Cases (68.4%) Were Due To Pathologist Interpretation Error. Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value, And Negative Predictive Value Of All Samples Were 93.37%, 99.32%, 97.13%, And 98.38%, respectively. Conclusion:Frozen section is a valid test for intra-operative consultation and ongoing monitoring in pathology departments should be performed to improve FS accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Animal Health, Production & Hygiene is the property of Animal Health, Production & Hygiene and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Stem cell approaches has been increasing in the conventional medicine. This study was planned to determinate the efficacy of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on the bone fracture's regeneration by histologically, morphologically and radiologically. Primarily isolated cells were cultivated and identified for the obtaining of the third passage mesenchymal stem cells in the cell culture laboratory. The right tibias (applicated ADSCs) were planned as experimental group and the left tibias were studied as control on the clinically healthy 10 rats. The middle diaphysis of the right and left tibias was transversally cut by a thin saw and then fixed by intramedullary pin. Before surgical closure of the incised area, 106 ADSCs were injected on an absorbent material, which covered the cut site of the right tibia, in experimental group. At postoperative 45th day, cranio-caudal and lateral radiographs of the tibias pointed out that there was callus formation in the caudal and lateral parts of the right tibia. After sacrification of the animals, preparations were made for histological examinations. The results indicate that there were clear differences in the mitotic activity; and also, the experimental tibias were found to be rich in blood vessel network. As a conclusion, it was found that ADSCs can have a positive potential effect on osteogenesis in bone tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Propolis has been widely accepted to exhibit immunomodulatory activity. However, the activity during pregnancy has not been investigated yet. This study was a preliminary study that aimed to analyze the effect of several types of Indonesian propolis on the histological changes of maternal mice spleen. A total of 25 pregnant mice were divided into 5 groups, control (1% Tween 80) group, low (380 mg/kg) and high dose (1400 mg/kg) ethanol extract of South Sulawesi propolis groups, and low (380 mg/kg) and high dose (1400 mg/kg) water extract of Banten propolis groups. Propolis samples were administered daily during pregnancy. At day 18 of gestation, the mice were sacrificed to obtain spleen which was used for histological evaluation using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The number and diameter of white pulp were observed under the 10x magnifying of microscope. The results showed that all propolis extracts at low dose significantly increased the number of white pulp (p < 0.05). However, an increase in the diameter was found not significant in all propolis administered groups. This study suggests that Indonesian propolis may modulate maternal immune system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease is a chronic discharging wound that causes pain and loss of quality of life. Phenol application is an outpatient procedure with low complications and low recurrence rates. We evaluated the radiological, histological, and clinical results of phenol application. Methods: A total of 44 consecutive patients with sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease underwent phenol application in Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, General Surgery Clinic between December 2015 and March 2017. Demographics, complaints, symptom duration, and the number of sinuses were recorded. Patients were examined using ultrasonography (USG) before surgery and two months after surgery. Four patients who wanted rhomboid excision and Limberg flap procedure underwent preoperative local phenol application and were excluded from the study. The excised tissues were used for pathological evaluation. Results: Purulent discharge was the leading symptom. All of the patients had hair in the preoperative USG evaluation, whereas five patients had still hairs in the sinuses in the postoperative USG examination. Four of these cases had recurrences on a 2-month follow-up. After phenol application, a 10% volume decrease was observed. Pathological examination was performed in four cases with phenol application, and in pathological material, the sinuses looked sclerotic and fibrotic. Conclusions: Our study revealed that a single phenol application achieved 90% success. However, no significant difference was observed in the cavity volume after phenol injection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different levels of thyme leaf and thyme oil as feed additives in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture. In the experiment, five groups were formed as 1% and 2% thyme leaves (ThyL1% and ThyL2%), 0.5% and 1% thyme oil (ThyO0.5% and ThyO1%), and control group. Shrimps (6.67±1.52 g) were stocked at a stocking rate of 15 shrimp/250 L (100% water change day-1) in a three-replications. At the end of the trial, the highest final body weight (14.90±2.77) and weight gain (8.22±0.72) were determined in the ThyO1% group and were statistically different compared to the control group (Final weight: 13.54±3.37, weight gain: 6.87±0.54) (p<0.05). While the best feed conversion ratio between the groups was similarly determined in the ThyO1% (2.59±0.92) group, there was no difference between the groups in terms of survival rates. Histological examination of hepatopancreatic tissues showed no difference in tissue morphology between the groups. Dry matter, crude protein, and crude ash contents did not differ significantly between the groups. The highest lipid content was found in the ThyO1% group (1.64) compared to the other groups (p<0.05). Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids composition values differed significantly for all groups. (p<0.05). As a result, it can be stated that 1% thyme oil added feed can be used as a growth promoter in white shrimp culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Harran University Journal of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine / Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Harran University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the study, it was aimed to reveal the morphological, morphometric, and histological characteristics of sinus interdigitalis found in the fore and hind foots of the South Karaman sheep. For this purpose, the front and hind feet of 8 South Karaman sheep (male) with a weight varying between 38-56 kg were used. Sinus interdigitalis were dissected out from the feet. After morphometric measurements were made, morphological examinations were made and photographed. Morphologically, it was observed that the gland was located in the region between the distal part of the phalanx proximalis and the proximal part of the phalanx media, and resembled a pipe with its trunk and flow channel. The weight, body length, diameter, flexura, canal length, and diameter of the gland were measured morphometrically. In the measurements made, it was determined that all the values of the front leg were higher than the hindfoot. There was no statistically significant difference in the evaluations between the right and left feet (P<0.05). Histological examination revealed that the wall of the sinus intedigitalis consists of three layers: epidermis, dermis, and fibrous capsule, and in the dermis, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, m. arrector pili and sweat glands were found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, it was aimed to determine the morphological, morphometric, and histological features of the interdigital gland in Norduz sheep. In our study, the interdigital gland in the fore and hind feet of 12 male and 12 female Norduz sheep were examined by first dissecting and removing the interdigital glands from the feet. The study material was used for morphometric and histological examinations after fixation in 10% formaldehyde solution. It was determined that the interdigital gland, located between two digits, has a large corpus located on the corpus of the phalanx media and consists of a long excretory duct opening to the anterior end of the joint between the phalanx proximalis and phalanx media extending from the corpus. The gland had pipe-like appearance. The length and diameter of excretory duct and diameter of the orifice of excretory duct were measured using a digital caliper through the excretory duct of the interdigital gland. The proximal, middle, and distal diameter of the corpus and the length of the corpus were measured using the same method through the corpus of the glands. The mean corpus length of the interdigital gland was 15.05±4.80 mm on the right side, 15.90±4.39 mm on the left side in females, and 15.58±4.00 mm on the right side and 16.14±3.02 mm on the left side in males. The length of the excretory duct was determined as 20.98±4.50 mm, 21.39±5.51 mm in females, and 21.94±2.61 mm and 21.94±2.91 mm in males. L2 and L7 parameters of the fore-feet and hind feet in male Norduz sheep were statistically significant. Tissue sections were stained with Crossmann's modified triple staining technique (Triple staining), hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining methods. It was observed that the interdigital gland consisted of epidermis, dermis, and a capsule. Apocrine glands were found to be located close to the capsule in the dermis. It was determined that PAS+ areas in male sheep were more intense than in female sheep. There was no histological difference in the interdigital glands of female and male Norduz sheep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Akrepler, Arachnida sınıfında yer alan zehirli arthropodlardan olup, bilinen en eski karasal eklembacaklılardır ve yaşayan fosiller olarak da tanımlanmaktadırlar. Akrepler kendilerine özgü bir takım özelliklere, özel yapılara sahip olmaları ve zehirlenme vakalarına sebep olmaları nedeniyle çeşitli araştırmalara konu olmuştur. Ancak, akreplere özgü bir duyu organı olan ve tarak organı olarak da bilinen pektin organın yapısı hakkında çok fazla bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Protoiurus kraepelini (von Ubisch, 1922) akrebinin tarak organ yapısı ışık mikroskobu ve taramalı elektron mikroskop (SEM) kullanarak çalışılmış, detaylı morfolojik ve histolojik özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Örnekler Eğirdir (Isparta, Türkiye)’de yapılan arazi çalışmalarında toplanamıştır. P. kraepelini’nin tarak organı diğer akreplerde olduğu gibi bir çift olarak mesosomal ikinci segmentin ventrolateralinde yerleşmiş olup genel mimariye uygun olarak marjinal lamella, median lamella ve pektinal dişler olmak üzere üç kısımdan oluşmaktadır. Aynı zamanda bu yapılar üzerinde yer alan duyusal kılları, pektinal dişler üzerindeki peg sensillanın morfolojileri incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, ilk kez P. kraepelini’nin tarak organının histolojisi ortaya konulmuş ve yapı - fonksiyon arasındaki bağlantı uyarınca olası fonksiyonları tartışılmıştır.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Asherman sendromundaki (AS)endometriyal hasarlarda cerrahi yöntemlere ve medikal tedavilere alternatif olarak kök hücre tedavisinin etkileri araştırılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada sıçanlarda AS modeli kimyasal olarak oluşturuldu. Aynı türün erkek bireylerinin tibia ve femur kemiğinden izole edilen kemik iliği kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücreler (KİMKH) AS oluşturulan dişi sıçanlara verilerek endometriyumda meydana gelen değişiklikler histopatolojik parametrelerle değerlendirildi. Asherman+ besiyeri, Asherman+ niş, Asherman+ KİMKH, Asherman+ KİMKH+ niş olmak üzere toplam dört grup oluşturuldu.Bulgular: Tedavi gruplarında epitel ve lamina propriyadaki rejenerasyonla birilkte endometriyal kalınlığın, bez sayısının ve vaskülarizasyonun arttığı, fibröz alanların ve apoptotik hücre ölümünün azaldığı gözlenmiştir. Kontrol grubu olarak değerlendirilen sağ uterin hornlarda ise her hangi bir histopatolojik değişiklik görülmemiştir.Sonuç: KİMKH ve Niş uygulamalarının, infertiliteye neden olan mekanizmaların içerisinde yer alan adezyon oluşumunu azaltarakedavi ile kliniğe katkı sağlayabileceği gösterildi. Bu olumlu sonuçlar Asherman çalışmalarının kliniğe taşınabilmesi açısından ümit vericidir.

The Red fox is the largest of the true foxes and the most abundant wild member of the carnivora. This study aimed to determine the anatomical and histological structure of the ovary and salpinx of the Red foxes. The ovary and salpinx of four Red foxes of similar ages, which could not be rescued by the Center despite all interventions, were dissected. Measurements were taken from the right-left ovary and salpinx using digital callipers. The weights of each ovary and salpinx were measured using a precision scale (min: 0.0001 g, max: 220 g). The mean length of the ovary was 13.43 ± 2.38 mm, the width was 6.28 ± 1.99 mm, the thickness was 4.89 ± 0.18 mm, and weight was 0.93 ± 0.14 g. The mean length of the salpinx was 76.22 ± 3.02 mm, the width was 1.98 ± 0.07 mm, and the weight was 0.53 ± 0.31 g. Crossman's triple staining method was applied for histological examination of the ovary tissue. It was observed that the ovary was surrounded by germinative epithelium from the outside and consisted of the cortex with different follicles in the development stage, and the medulla layer with plenty of blood vessels and nerve plexuses inside. In conclusion, we believe that the findings of this study may be useful for further studies on foxes and surgical operations (ovariectomy, ovariohysterectomy). In addition, it is aimed to eliminate the insufficient information regarding the reproductive system of wild animals in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Meandros Medical & Dental Journal is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To compare the rates of high grade cervical preinvasive lesions and cancer (HSIL+) diagnosed as a result of colposcopic interventions in women whose cytology results are AGC, ASCH and HSIL, depending on the condition of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and age. Method: 387 patients who had AGC, ASCH and HSIL, who applied to the Colposcopy unit of the Health Sciences University TCSB Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Gynecology Training Research Hospital between January 2015 and December 2019, and who had colposcopy for the first time, were included in the study. The patients included in the study were compared in terms of histopathological HSIL and cancer results by stratifying HPV status and age groups: under 30, 30-39, 40-49 and 50 and above. Results: HSIL ratios in AGC, ASCH and HSIL cytology groups were 14.7%, 40.8% and 60.4%, respectively; cancer rates were found to be 9.1%, 3.2% and 12.4%, respectively. The rates of HPV16 and HPV18 types in AGC, ASCH and HSIL groups are 56.2%, 84.4% and 88.9%, respectively. According to HPV status, HSIL+ rates are 50%, 54.8% and 81.5% in HPV16/18 positive AGC, ASCH and HSIL cytology groups. Invasive cancer was not detected in all three groups under the age of 30, and in groups 30-39, 40-49 and 50 and above, it was 5.4%, 8.1% and 9.6%, respectively. Conclusions: In the AGC, ASCH and HSIL cytology groups, HSIL + rates are high as in the literature, and colposcopy is required immediately. The most common HPV type in all three groups is HPV 16. Reflex HPV test may be useful in those with negative colposcopic histopathology results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Ankara University Faculty of Medicine / Ankara Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Mecmuasi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Akrepler, Arachnida sınıfında zehirli arthropodlardan olup; örümcekler, keneler ve akarlar ile akraba oldukları düşünülmektedir. Ancak; akrepler, tarak organ (pektin) adı verilen duyu organı taşırlar ve bu yapılarıyla diğer akrabalarından ayrılırlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ışık mikroskobu ve taramalı elektron mikroskop (SEM) kullanarak Mesobuthus gibbosus (Brullé, 1832) (Scorpionidae: Buthidae) akrep türünün tarak organının (pektin) morfolojik ve histolojik özelliklerini belirlemektir. Tarak organı oluşturan dişlerin detaylı morfolojik ve histolojik yapıları rutin yöntemlerle parafine gömülerek, kesitler alınmış ve alınan kesitler hematoksilen-eosin ile boyanarak ışık mikroskobunda mikrografları kayıt edilmiştir. M. gibbosus’un pektinleri bir çift olarak mesosomal ikinci segmentin ventrolateral yerleşmiş olup, tarak şeklindeki her bir pektin organ marjinal lamella, farklı sayılardaki median lamella ve dişler olmak üzere üç kısımdan oluşmaktadır. Pektinlerde, çeşitli kutikular duyu kılları ve her bir dişin uç kısmında çok sayıda peg sensilla gözlenmiştir. M. gibbosus’un pektin organından alınan enine kesitlerde her bir peg sensilumun çok sayıda sinir hücresi ile ilişkili olduğu gözlenmiştir.

This study investigated the effects of dietary probiotics (Lactobacillus reuteri E81 [LRE], Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG [LRG]), yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae S81 [SCS]), and their combined supplementation on fattening performance (BW, DWG, FI, and FCR), meat quality, and rumen and duodenum histology in lambs. The study material comprised ninety 2.5-month-old Anatolian Merino lambs, and the trial was conducted for 70 days. Nine trial groups, each composed of 10 animals, were established. This study demonstrated that, when compared to the control group, the best fattening performance was achieved in the lambs that received 600 ppm of dietary LRE. Neither visceral organ weights nor rumen and duodenum histology was affected in the groups that received the tested feed supplements. Of the meat colour parameters investigated, the L* value was observed to have increased in the groups that were given feed supplements, excluding Groups LRE-600 and SCS-300. It was determined that the probiotic supplements had no effect on the a* and b* colour parameters, but affected the meat pH value. In conclusion, the assessment of the effects of different doses of dietary probiotics, yeast, and probiotic-yeast combinations on performance parameters, visceral organ weights, and meat quality in Anatolian Merino lambs showed that the best results were achieved in the group that received 600 ppm of LRE alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Ürünleri Dergisi is the property of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Urunleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, histologic and electromyographic (EMG) evaluation of neuroregenerative effect of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) following periferal nerve anastomosis was aimed. Totally, 31 Wistar Albino, male rats (weighing about 300 g) were studied, and these rats were grouped according to surgical techniques performed on the right sciatic nerve: group I (GRI) micro suture (n=7), group II (GRII) micro suture + SVF (n=7), group III (GRIII) fibrin glue (n=7) and group IV (GRIV) fibrin glue + SVF (n=7). Fat tissue was taken from 3 rats to prepare SVF, and SVF was produced by non-enzymatic method. The left sciatic nerve of all rats was evaluated for EMG as control. Under general anesthesia, after transversal incision of the sciatic nerve, microsurgical epineural repair technique was performed with 10/0 nonabsorbable suture. EMG examinations were performed in terms of conduction rate, amplitude, distal latency and spontaneous muscle activity at 0th day and postoperative (PO) 1st and 8th weeks. EMG results between and within the groups were statistically evaluated by one-way analysis of variance. Rats in all groups were sacrificed by decapitation at PO 8th week and histological examinations of the sciatic nerves were performed following preparation of the neural tissues. EMG examination results showed the highest nerve conduction in GRI, the highest amplitude in GRIII, normal latency in GRII and longer distal latency in GRIV at PO 8th week. Amplitude and conduction velocity increased gradually in all groups. In needle EMG, the best muscle membrane stabilization was achieved in GRII and GRIV at PO 8th week. Statistically, the values of amplitude, distal latency, conduction velocity, and spontaneous muscle activity were found to be at normal levels at PO 8th week in all groups (P>0.05). In the histological results, although fibroconnective tissue reactions in the anastomosis area had similar scores in GRII and GRIV, maximum fibroconnective tissue reaction and the best axonal regeneration was seen in GRI and GRIII, respectively. In addition, GRI and GRII had the most inflammatory cells accumulation in the suture region, and less inflammatory cells were seen in the anastomosis area of GRIII and GRIV. As a conclusion, fibrin glue presents good electrophysiological and histological results; however, it is clear that local SVF usage on the nerve anastomosis area can be a good choice to decrease fibroconnective tissue reaction and inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the effect of microbial fertilizers produced as an alternative due to environmental damages caused by chemical fertilizers on the skin tissue of Eisenia foetida type earthworm. For his purpose, 3 experiments and 1 control groups were created. Liquid microbial fertilizer (BM Coton Plus, BM Megaflu, BM Rootpan) was applied to earthworms Eisenia foetida for 30 days with 3 different microbial fertilizer formulations currently used in agriculture. After the trial, skin tissues were taken from the middle body of Eisenia foetida and histological tissue follow-up procedure was performed. The histological examination of the preparations belonging to the control group revealed that the skin showed stratification, including epidermis and dermis. Histological observations in BM Coton Plus, BM Megaflu and BM Rootpan groups were similar to control group. As a result, it was determined histologically that the application of liquid microbial fertilizer did not cause any negative effects on the skin tissue of Eisenia foetida. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cukurova Medical Journal / Çukurova Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Primary lung sarcomatoid carcinoma (SC) is a rare malignant tumor, with spindle-cell SC representing one subtype of this histological category, only few cases of which have been reported in literature. The treatment and prognosis of pulmonary SC have yet to be clearly determined. Herein we report on the case of a 40-year-old patient with a complaint of chest pain who was found to have a left apical mass in a chest computed tomography (CT). CT-guided lung biopsy and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of spindle-cell SC. After radio-chemotherapy, the patient showed an initial partial response and then tumor progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Ürünleri Dergisi is the property of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Urunleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A probiotic containing Pediococcus acidilactici and Bacillus subtilis (Smart ProLive) at a 1x107 CFU/mL dose in drinking water were given continuously from the d 14 to the end of the treatment (d 35) in broiler chickens. Experimental infection was produced by oral gavage of sporulated E. tenella oocysts at 14th d of age. Feed consumption (FC), live body weight (LBW) and feed consumption rate (FCR) were measured at weekly basis. Villus height and crypt depth in cecum and ileum, and antibody titers in the blood were performed at 28-day-old. Probiotics appeared to be superior to salinomycin on the villus height and crypt depth of cecum and ileum (P<0.05). A numerical, but not significant (P>0.05) improvement on the LBW was determined at the groups of probiotic and salinomycin+probiotic than that of control and salinomycin groups. Nevertheless, FC and FCR results of the probiotic and salinomycin+probiotic groups were good than that of control and salinomycin groups. Probiotics were effective on the villus heights and crypt depths than that of salinomycin alone. Salinomycin appeared to be good only than control group in all the parameters. Not a significant difference from antibody titers was existed among the groups. Based on these results it can be concluded that a good source of probiotics can be used as natural antimicrobial growth promoters in replacement with forbidden anticoccidials in broiler rearing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Ürünleri Dergisi is the property of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Urunleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent cells present in multiple tissues that have potential for future disease treatment including cartilage damage. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of conditioned medium of umbilical cord stem cells in improving the histological conditions of damaged cartilage in rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four of 3-month old male rats that were divided into 6 groups (3 control groups and 3 treatment groups) with different evaluation time (month 2, month 3, and month 4). Treatment in each group was repeated 5 times. The cartilage defect was induced manually and mechanically at the medial condyle of rats' right femur using a Kirschner Wire (D=1.0 mm; h=1.0 mm). The umbilical cord stem cell cultures were obtained from pregnant rats (19 days). Rats in treatment groups were injected with mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium (1 mL/kg BW) 5 times with interval a week after cartilage defect. Histopathological examination of chondrocytes formation and fibrosis tissues was done through Haematoxylin Eosin staining. Data were assessed with O'driscoll scoring and analyzed statistically using Kruskal-Wallis test with SPSS 16.0 software statistically using Kruskal-Wallis Test with SPSS 16.0 software. Results: The conditioned medium of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells was able to repair the damage in cartilage tissue of Wistar rats. It is indicated by the higher score of nature of predominant tissue, surface regularity, structural integrity, bonding with adjacent cartilage and the level of new tissue formed in the treatment group compared to control group. Statistically, there is a significant difference of bonding to the adjacent cartilage score (0.028, p<0.05) in treatment group than in control group. There is no significant difference of nature of the predominant tissue score (0.064, p>0.05), surface regularity (0.064, p>0.05), structural integrity (0.075, p>0.05), level of newly formed tissue (0.088, p>0.05). Conclusion: The supplementation of conditioned medium of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell ameliorate the repair of damaged cartilage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bu çalışmada, kızıl tilki (Vulpes vulpes)'de özofagus bölümlerinin anatomik ve histolojik yapılarının tanımlanması amaçlandı. Çalışmanın materyalini, farklı zamanlardaki trafik kazalarında elde edilen dört erkek ve iki dişi olmak üzere toplam altı adet erişkin kızıl tilkiler oluşturdu. Kızıl tilkilerin makro diseksiyonları yapıldı ve özofagusun servikal, tora sik ve abdominal bölümlerinden ölçümler alındı. Özofagusun farklı bölümlerinden histolojik inceleme yapmak için %10'luk tamponlu formalin solüsyonuna numuneler alındı. Her bir örnek trimlenerek rutin doku takip prosedürü uygulandı. Özofagusun ilk önce trakeyanın dorsalinde, sonra trakeyanın sol tarafında ve en son tekrar trakeyanın dorsalinde seyrettiği görüldü. Özofagusta servikal bölüm en uzun, abdominal bölüm ise en kısaydı. Histolojik incelemede mukoza epitelinin non-keratinize çok katlı yassı epitelden oluştuğu ve lamina propriyada ise bezler (Gll. oesophagea) bulunduğu saptandı. Özofagustan alınan tüm bölgelerde tunika muskularis çizgili kaslardan oluşurken, pars abdominalisinde midenin kardiya girişi düzeyinde düz kaslardan oluştuğu görüldü. Tunika serozanın bu tabakaların dışında bulunduğu, kan damarları ve sinir pleksusları bakımından zengin olduğu tespit edildi. Bu çalışma, kızıl tilkilerin özofagusu hakkındaki ilk makroanatomik ve histolojik çalışma olup tilkilerde özofagus ile ilgili yapılacak çalışmalara katkı sağlayacağı ve ışık tutacağı düşünülmektedir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Implant Dentistry is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Ürünleri Dergisi is the property of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Urunleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)