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This article presents a study on how digital mediation in the teaching-learning process of Modern and Contemporary Physics concepts in elementary school establishes the production of hybrid mechanisms of cognition between humans and non-humans, in light of Bruno Latour's generalized symmetry. To this end, we chose as knowledge content the phenomenon of nuclear fusion, foreseen as an object of knowledge in the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) of Natural Sciences. In view of this, we adopted the articulation of three theoretical references, the Network Cognitive Mediation Theory (TMC), responsible for discussing the mediation mechanisms as processing external to the human brain and its implications on the cognitive structure of students, the Theory of Mental Models that classifies and categorizes the types of mental representations and Bruno Latour's Symmetrical Anthropology that provides a systemic, reticular and nondichotomized view of the construction of reality. The initial results were obtained after analyzing the questionnaires and the students' verbal and sign languages. Subsequently, we interpreted the results in accordance with the concepts of hybridization, detours and translations of Latourian thought. We found that digital mediation in this context influences the cognitive mechanisms used by students and the sophistication of the mental representations constructed by them. Finally, we recognize that both the teaching-learning process and the construction of mental representations based on digital mediation constitute Latourian hybrids, as the actors involved begin to share human and non-human skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artigo apresenta um estudo sobre como a mediação digital no processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos conceitos de Física Moderna e Contemporânea no ensino fundamental estabelece a produção de mecanismos híbridos de cognição entre humanos e não-humanos, à luz da simetria generalizada de Bruno Latour. Para tanto, escolhemos como conteúdo de conhecimento o fenômeno da fusão nuclear, previsto como objeto de conhecimento na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) de Ciências da Natureza. Diante disso, adotamos a articulação de três referenciais teóricos, a Teoria da Mediação Cognitiva em Rede (TMC), responsável por discutir os mecanismos de mediação como processamento externamente ao cérebro humano e suas implicações na estrutura cognitiva dos estudantes, a Teoria dos Modelos Mentais que classifica e categoriza os tipos de representações mentais e a Antropologia Simétrica de Bruno Latour que fornece uma visão sistêmica, reticular e não dicotomizada da construção da realidade. Os resultados iniciais foram obtidos após as análises realizadas dos questionários e das linguagens verbal e gestual dos estudantes. Posteriormente, realizamos a interpretação dos resultados de acordo com os conceitos de hibridação, desvios e traduções do pensamento latouriano. Constatamos que a mediação digital nesse contexto influencia nos mecanismos cognitivos utilizados pelos estudantes e na sofisticação das representações mentais construídas por eles. Por fim, reconhecemos que tanto o processo de ensino-aprendizagem quanto a construção de representações mentais a partir da mediação digital constituem-se em híbridos latourianos, pois os atores envolvidos passam a compartilhar competências humanas e não-humanas.

Este trabalho busca articular, de forma inicial, a ideia de hibridação, de Néstor García Canclini, argumentando que a informação é um dispositivo representativo de um sistema simbólico; um espaço de hibridação cultural que homogeneíza processos heterogêneos, sendo constituído em dispositivo que encapsula uma estrutura dominante de poder que se ordena pela hegemonia como um espaço de circulação de entidades e de poder em negociação.

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Late spring frosts is one of the most important restricting abiotic stress factors of apricot growing worldwide. In this study; some physical, biochemical fruit quality characteristics and volatile aroma compounds were determined in fresh fruit samples of thirteen late spring frost tolerant apricot hybrids recently obtained from Turkish apricot breeding programme. A wide variation was reported among apricot genotypes in all of the evaluated physical and biochemical fruit characteristics and also volatile aroma compounds. Fruit size varied between 27.2 and 60.5 g, total soluble solids between 13.6 and 17.4 %, total carotene 26.6 and 42.8 (mg.100 g-1), and total phenolics content 354.2 and 673.1 (GAE.100 g-1). A total of 42 flavor components belonging to various flavor compound groups were identified. The main volatile aroma compound groups detected in the assessed apricot genotypes were; aldehydes, ketones, esters, alcohols, terpenes, acids, and other compounds. Among the detected compounds; Hexanal, 2-Hexenal, 1-Hexanol, 2-Hexen-1-ol, Limonene were the most abundant compounds in terms of concentration. Hexanal varied between 55.8 and 528.5 µg.kg-1, and 2-Hexen-1-ol changed between 25.7 and 297.9 µg.kg-1 fresh weight. Correlation analysis revealed significant correlations among some aroma compounds and biochemical fruit quality characteristics. Significant correlations were reported for esters with titratable acidity (r=0.79) and total carotene (r=-0.61) and aldehydes were found as highly correlated with total soluble solids (r=-0.69). The results of the study will be beneficial in terms of food analysis, cultivation, and breeding studies of apricot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial hybridization in Phaseolus lunatus L. is still little used in genetic improvement programs in Brazil due to the low establishment percentages. This work aimed to evaluate pollen viability and stigma receptivity in different Lima bean genotypes throughout the day. Accessions 'Roxinha -MT' and 'Cana Longa-PB' were used in the experiment. Five flower buds were collected from each genotype at 6:00 a.m., 10:00 a.m., 2:00 p.m., and 6:00 p.m. The stigma receptivity was determined using 3% hydrogen peroxide, whereas pollen viability was determined with 2% acetocarmine colouration. The genotype and time factors acted independently on the percentage of viable and non-viable pollen grains and stigma receptivity. The genotype 'Roxinha' presented 88.54% viable pollen grains, a value 84.27% higher than that of the 'Cana Longa' genotype. This percentage varied as a function of time, with the highest means observed at 6:00 a.m. Stigma receptivity was influenced only by the time of the day, undergoing a great reduction in receptivity, from 88% in the early morning to slightly more than 40% around noon. These results indicate that 6:00 a.m. is the most suitable time to perform artificial crosses in Lima bean plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The article presents "Tugar Tugar salir a buscar el sentido perdido", a workshop conducted by Cecília Vicuña with the aim of bringing to the community of Caleu-Chile the listening of the ancestral knowledge incorporated in the practice of the baile de los chinos. The analysis proposes to think of the transmission of the memory of this performance as a political gesture aimed at the decolonization of thought and the confrontation of the historical processes of banishment to which the repertoire of pre-colonial civilizations was subjected. Schechner's concept of performance as "incorporated practice" is one of the foundations of the analysis, as Taylor's reflections on archives, repertoire and memory, Benjamin's theses on history and memory, passing through Didi-Huberman's criticism, the processes of subjective singularization thought by Guattari. There is a discussion between Canclini's concept of hybridization and that of ch'ixi, developed by Cusicanqui, to think about the tensions and antagonisms involved in the survival of bailes chinos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Este artigo surge de uma inquietação pessoal provocada pela percepção de preservação de postulados do século XIX em performances denominadas modernas do choro. Esta afirmação está baseada na análise do estado da arte e na observação de continuidade de determinadas características no choro desde seus primórdios até o presente momento. Como parte da proposição do modelo prático-teórico que será designado choro hodierno, este artigo realizou o levantamento dos conceitos fundamentais atrelados a este gênero musical: choro tradicional, choro moderno, choro contemporâneo, neo-choro, choro de concerto, hibridação e fusão. A compilação de informações mostradas neste trabalho revela que sem contestações a tendências hegemônicas -auto identificadas como legítimas- e sem a aceitação de tendências paralelas -que propiciem às práticas performáticas do choro novas mesclas de elementos- o choro dificilmente se afastará do mainstream.

This article analyzes what we call a third scenario of resistance and adaptation, which can take shape when a public land policy is implemented. In particular, it examines the encounter between the Program for the Formalization of Rural Property (PFPR), designed and structured by the Colombian central government, and the political and identity struggles of the communities of black and/or Afro-descendant peasants organized in the Upper Cauca, one of the areas where the program was implemented. We used a qualitative methodology that included a review of public policy documents, as well as field work conducted over the course of three visits to Santander de Quilichao, Buenos Aires and Jamundí, which comprised interviews, focus groups, and a survey. We concluded that: 1) formalization policies must also be understood from the political and cultural dimensions of the territories they are intended to regulate; 2) public policies are reinterpreted and resignified both by those who implement them and by the communities they are intended for. In this case, the latter contest the normative notions contained in the policy regarding the "peasantry." and 3) the political stakes of the region's peasantry are related, on the one hand, to territorial identity struggles for access to land and productive resources and, on the other, to the fact that the immeasurable visions of territory do not exist among rural communities, but rather between them and the neoliberal political project. The singularity of this work lies in the fact that it resumes the post-colonial theories on hybridization, to reveal the scenario that emerges in the Upper Cauca and its potential to renew/change the relations and practices concerning the public policy of formalization in the territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the reflections on Cage’s 4’33”, we discuss the implications of the use of silence in music, its reverberations regarding to traditional concept of work, of Western classical music, and its potential to coping with the problem of excessive noise in contemporary life. The discussion is based on Cage’s ideas, the concept of hybridization, by Canclini, on Schafer’s Acoustic Ecology, and Small’s concept of musicking. It is verified that excessive noise in current life is closely related to prevailing economic interests and has as one of its causes the survival of myth of progress and its materialization in the fetish of technology, neophilia and the use of sound as symbolic violence. We conclude that approach of silence from Cage, Schafer and Small offers a broad perspective to listening education through the adoption of an understanding of sound as an emancipated phenomenon, integrated into the context of life as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of jewels has always been present over time in the most diverse civilizations. Containing meanings beyond ornamentation, jewels can be analyzed as objects that materialize social positions, spiritual power, joy, love, mourning, protection, among other characteristics. During the Brazilian Colonial Period, the emblematic “jewels of Afro-Brazilian Creole” were produced and used, which are considered the first copies of the eminently national jewelry. These jewels also represented the economic ascent and subversion to the sumptuary laws that prohibited the use of these adornments by the slaves, as well as veiled religious devotions and put into practice codes of behavior, social hierarchy and power among the freed and liberates from this period. For this, I turn to the historiography of Colonial Brazil, the history of jewelry design and anthropological studies concerning material culture.

O artigo centra-se na construção e reconstrução do modelo de avaliação externa das escolas em Portugal em dois momento - 2006 e 2011 - pondo em evidência continuidades e mudanças relacionadas com os atores e com os conhecimentos mobilizados para a construção dos modelos avaliativos, bem como o fortalecimento da avaliação como dispositivo de regulação das práticas de administração das escolas. O artigo mostra as vicissitudes da ativação de modos de intervenção avaliativos em agências da administração central da educação historicamente constituídas como agências de supervisão e controlo.

O artigo aborda os processos de configuração da identidade negra no Brasil do ponto de vista histórico, cultural e psicológico, problematiza o conceito de hibridação no quadro das tradições musicais afro-brasileiras e destaca o surgimento do samba como expressão cultural dinâmica que hoje é reconhecida como Patrimônio Imaterial do Brasil.

As a principle we start from the statement that animation is the precursor and basis of cinema. We intend to relate the Field of Animation with the new theories of media and digital production, which consider the dematerialization and permeability of production media and the hybridization of cinematographic, photographic and animation languages. We intend to define the limits of animation in a reality of structural and technological changes of great speed, where the knowledge and techniques settled over decades seem to lose relevance or to break. We used in this study, as main theoretical references, the works of: Arlindo Machado, Giannalberto Bendazzi, Howard Becker, Raymond Bellour and Thomas Levin. After all, we ask ourselves: what is animation?. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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O presente texto visa apresentar uma Rede de Conhecimento sobre Comunicação Transcultural em construção, organizada em Arquivos, Bases de Conhecimento e Museus Virtuais. Uma das suas partes substantivas, o Nó de Conhecimento Cinema Transcultural, reúne conhecimento e fontes (textos de Film Studies, fotos, vídeos, etc.) sobre cinema crítico e de resistência. Este Nó articula teorias e conceitos pós-coloniais a análises/interpretações baseadas em exemplos de imagens e vídeos de filmes que testemunham representações pós-coloniais. O “choque de civilizações” é uma ideia central subjacente ao debate sobre o dissenso e/ou consenso entre culturas e acerca do pós-colonialismo. A dissemelhança entre sociedades e culturas, coloniais e pós-coloniais, frequentemente toma a forma de um “conflito de significados”. E a resistência discursiva contra o colonialismo apoia-se frequentemente na mobilização de hibridações. As culturas contemporâneas são essencialmente “culturas híbridas”. Uma tal natureza híbrida encontra-se presente em muitas imagens e sons do cinema de resistência, e é urgente sublinhar as suas características, por exemplo dicotomias centrais transmitidas pelos seus autores: “colonizador/colonizado”, “identidade/diferença”, “poder/não poder”. Os públicos do cinema de resistência podem ver e criticar, de forma participativa, as visões de mundo e discursos transmitidos pela imaginação cinematográfica/militantismo no cinema, contribuindo para um fundo comum e global da cultura/conhecimento críticos.

ABSTRACT: The goal of this study was to assess the variability of Paspalum plicatulum x P. guenoarum interspecific hybrids in terms of agronomic performance and their tolerance to cold conditions, as well as to estimate the correlation of different phenotypic characters associated with forage production. Twenty hybrids plants were used, besides one access P. guenoarum , one of P. plicatulum and the cultivar 'Pensacola' ( P. notatum ). Assessments were performed on individual plants, in a completely randomized design with five repetitions. Paspalum genotypes presented variability in total dry matter, leaf dry mass, leaf: stem ratio, and tolerance to cold. We suggest selection of the hybrids 08Q01 and 08Q44 for new stages within a forage improvement program. Estimates of phenotypic correlation may aid in the selection of genotypes with better agronomic traits.

The objective was to analyze morphometrically floral buds and flowers in order to identify genetic variability among soybean cultivars. Seeds of conventional soybean cultivars were used. The floral buds and flowers were collected when the plants started to flowering. For the floral buds were mensured: lenght (LFB) and widht of floral buds (WFB), lenght of pistil (LPFB), lenght of stamens (LSFB). For the flower, were mensured: lenght (LF) and width of flower (WF), lenght of sepals (LSF), lenght of stamens (LSF), width of standart (WSF), lenght of pistil (LPF) and lenght of stamens (LSF). The data were submitted do analysis of variance, Tukey test and analysis of genetic diversity. Significant effect ware identified for cultivars in variable LFB, WFB, LPFB and LSFB of flower buds and the Conquista cultivar showed highest average. For the flower, the variables LF, WF, LSF, LSF and LPF showed significant effect of cultivar. The TMG 801 cultivar presented the highest average. The analysis of diversity genetic indicated the formation of three genetically distinct groups. We conclude that the soybean cultivars differs in relations of flowers bud and flower variables and the genetic variability identified among cultivars analyzed, in this study through multivariate techniques based on reproductive morphometry, is important to direct future work in the area of soybean reproductive biology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Nuclear and mitochondrial genes were used as molecular markers for verifying the iden-tity of fish fillets marketed as pintado (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans). Based on THE polymorphisms of nuclear DNA (RAG2, globin, and EF1 genes) and mitochondrial regions (16S), we examined whether the fillets originated from inbred species of pintado or from hybrids derived from crosses between cachara (P. reticulatum) and pintado. Nuclear genes from both species were detected in the analyzed fillets (n = 29). This clearly iden-tified these fish as interspecific hybrids (or F1/first filial generation) of the type “cacha-pinta,” resulting from a cross between female cachara and male pintado. These results demonstrate that monitoring fish fillet trading is crucial for detecting discrepancies between the marketed species and related information declared on the label. Species that are frequently hybridized, such as pintado and cachara, require special attention. -------------------------------------------------------------------- Marcadores moleculares (PCR-Multiplex de genes nucleares e mitocondriais) foram uti-lizados para verificar a identidade molecular de filés de peixe comercializados como pintado (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans) com base em polimorfismos de regiões do DNA nuclear (genes RAG2, globina e EF1) e mitocondriais (16S) para verificar se os filés per-tenciam a espécie pura de pintado ou se eram híbridos derivados do cruzamento entre cachara (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum) e pintado (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans). Os filés analisados (n = 29) apresentaram genes nucleares de ambas espécies P. corruscans e P. reticulatum, e desta forma, foram identificados como híbridos interespecíficos ou F1 (primeira geração filial) do tipo “cachapinta” resultante do cruzamento entre uma fêmea de cachara e um macho de pintado. Estes resultados mostram que o monitora-mento da comercialização de filés de peixe é fundamental para identificar situações onde existem diferenças entre as espécies comercializadas e as informações declaradas no rótulo. Espécies em que a hibridação tem sido frequentemente realizada como é o caso do pintado e da cachara, merecem atenção especial.

Tendo como base a classificação de Tomaz Tadeu da Silva acerca da existência de proposições curriculares tradicionais, críticas e pós-críticas, o presente estudo analisou as propostas curriculares de Educação Física dos estados do Rio de Janeiro e Santa Catarina e do município de São Paulo. O conteúdo dos textos oficiais foi confrontado com os conceitos de identidade e hibridação, propostos por Stuart Hall e Nestor García Canclini, respectivamente. Concluiu-se que as propostas divergem entre si, segundo a ideologia que lhes dá sustentação, pois cada qual define a formação de uma identidade e, consequentemente, de um cidadão. A proposta do município de São Paulo, tida como multicultural, propõe a tematização das manifestações corporais pertencentes aos vários grupos que coabitam a sociedade, recorrendo aos Estudos Culturais como base teórica, compromete-se com a formação de identidades democráticas e sensíveis à diversidade. Em Santa Catarina, a proposta inspira-se na teorização crítica e visa à transformação dos conteúdos de elite, principalmente daqueles que reproduzem os modos de vida das classes dominantes, assim os sujeitos da educação seriam emancipados da dominação velada imposta pelo sistema capitalista. No Rio de Janeiro, a proposta tradicional busca seus fundamentos na psicologia cognitivista orientando a ação didática para o desenvolvimento de competências e objetivando uma formação voltada para a resolução de problemas.

The aim of this research was to study the in vivo fertilization process of banana cultivars. The diploid hybrid (AA) 091087-01 was the male progenitor. Flower samples were checked for fertilization from the first to the twentieth day after pollination. The size of the diploid ovules increased gradually at the beginning of the seed formation process. On the other hand, in the AAA triploids (Cavendish subgroup), the not fertilized ovules were aborted. In the AAB triploids (Prata subgroup) some ovules were fertilized. The flowers of Grand Naine, Nanicão and 'Pacovan' cultivars presented necrosis in the distal part of the ovary on the first day after pollination. Necrosis can hinder pollen tube growth towards the ovule, which might be related to the low seed yield in 'Pacovan' cultivars and to the absence of seeds in the Cavendish subgroup cultivars.

Daoism is a religion of Chinese origins that since the 19th century started to have contact with the Brazilian culture, beneath the Orientalism force. Since the second half of the 20th century, we see a second wave of Daoism spread, albeit indirectly. In the 1970s the Wǔ family – Wu Jyh Cherng within them (Wǔ Zhìchéng) – migrates from Taiwan to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In the 1990s, this Taiwanese naturalized Brazilian priest of the Way of the Celestial Masters founded the Daoist Society of Brazil (Sociedade Taoísta do Brasil - STB) along Brazilians, and later the Daoist Society in São Paulo (Sociedade Taoísta SP - ST-SP), which is our object of study. The goal here was to analyze the Daoism transplantation process in Brazil through the STB and ST-SP. In addition to a systematization of the authors regarding the transplantation of religions theory, we were based on the theory of cultural hybridization, and a set of interpreters of Brazilian culture and Brazilian religion. We created the central hypothesis that in the STB and ST-SP the Daoism would be increasingly a hybrid result of the Brazilian religious matrix and an ideal model of Daoist linked to China. Methodologically, we conducted an extensive and constant literature review, and we refer to primary printed sources, virtual and audiovisual sources, participatory research, semi-structured interviews and informal conversations. With these data, we performed an analysis using the theoretical framework, which allowed us to confirm the central hypothesis. We also wove systematic contributions on: the presence and the type of Daoism entry in Brazil, identification of socio-historical phases of STB and ST-SP, and several observations about the process and results of transplantation of this Daoist group, such as the accommodation of the Brazilian religious demands on the liturgical rituals of these institutions.

Russian sitcoms have gone through a series of rapid changes since their introduction following the end of the Cold War. The genre was initially met with skepticism in the post-Soviet period. Owing primarily to Russian culture's lack of familiarity with the genre early attempts to localize it failed to attract significant audiences. Only once the television channel STS, with significant help from Sony Pictures Television, began working to bring adapted American sitcoms to Russia did the genre start to resonate with viewers. The first popular sitcom on Russian television was an adaptation of CBS' The Nanny. The success of that series led to the production of numerous other similar programs. Since the early 2000s, Russian sitcoms have proceeded rapidly through three phases: localization, hybridization, and cultural odorlessness. This paper traces the development of the genre by examining three programs: My Fair Nanny, Daddy's Girls and The Kitchen. Each of these programs marks the beginning of a new phase in the development the Russian sitcom from localization, the creation of original Russian series and programs aimed at the global market for formats. The paper also looks at the role that STS and Sony bring the genre to Russia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of jewels has always been present over time in the most diverse civilizations. Containing meanings beyond ornamentation, jewels can be analyzed as objects that materialize social positions, spiritual power, joy, love, mourning, protection, among other characteristics. During the Brazilian Colonial Period, the emblematic "jewels of Afro-Brazilian Creole" were produced and used, which are considered the first copies of the eminently national jewelry. These jewels also represented the economic ascent and subversion to the sumptuary laws that prohibited the use of these adornments by the slaves, as well as veiled religious devotions and put into practice codes of behavior, social hierarchy and power among the freed and liberates from this period. For this, I turn to the historiography of Colonial Brazil, the history of jewelry design and anthropological studies concerning material culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to evaluate, through meta-analysis, the forage characteristics of various species of the genus Paspalum and to use them to select the best ecotypes that can be used in artificial hybridization as parents and hybrids for pasture production and natural pasture recovery systems. Data were obtained from studies conducted by the Department of Forage Plants and Agrometeorology of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Database comprised tests conducted with ecotypes and/or hybrids of Paspalum spp. in plots for evaluating total dry mass production, leaf dry mass production, and stem dry mass production by means of cuts. Total dry mass production, which included leaves and stems, differed between the ecotypes and hybrids. Hybrid H12 was the most divergent of all evaluated accessions. The greatest genetic divergence occurred due to dry mass production. Hybrids showed high total dry mass production, comprised mainly of leaves. Hybrid H12 and the accession of Paspalum lepton 28E were identified as the most dissimilar based on the generalized Mahalanobis distance using Tocher's method. Total dry mass production is the characteristic that most contributed to the detection of genetic variability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses how the section "cartões postais", from the poetry book n.d.a (2010), by Arnaldo Antunes, can be related to the concept of discollection, by Canclini (1997). To do so, we herein analyze three poems from that section, considering issues such as verbal and non-verbal signs in the urban spaces photographed by the poet, as well as the aesthetic effects from the choices and framings in those photos. Such poems subvert the genre postcard as they build surprising relations between words and images captured by the camera, depict objects with a blurry or misframed focus and are published in a print book. The proposition of overlapping poetry, photography and postcards creates hybrid art, which makes us reflect about inter-artistic crossovers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A banana cultivada 107 países, em uma área de 4,1 milhões de hectares e produção de 95 milhões de toneladas, é segunda fruta mais produzida do mundo. A bananeira é atacada por vírus (CMV e BSV), fungos (Sigatoka amarela e negra, mal-do-Panamá), bactéria (Moko), nematoide e insetos (Broca do rizoma). No entanto, por meio do melhoramento genético é possível obter resistência a maioria das pragas e doenças. O centro de origem de grande parte do germoplasma de Musa spp. é o Continente Asiático, onde são encontradas bananeiras diploides, triploides tetraploides, com genomas de Musa acuminta e M. balbisiana. No melhoramento de banana, feito principalmente para resistência às doenças, são usados os seguintes métodos: introdução e seleção de clones; hibridação (cruzamentos de diploides com diploides, triploides com diploides e diploides com tetraploides); duplicação de cromossomos; mutação e transgenia. Os métodos que envolvem hibridação, embora sejam os mais usados, apresentam limitações como a partenocarpia, a esterilidade; o número variável de ploidia e a baixa produção de sementes. Todo material produzido no programa, é depois avaliado nas regiões produtoras de banana. Atualmente novas técnicas de melhoramento, baseadas em informações genéticas de Musa spp. estão sendo incrementadas.

A resistência genética constitui alternativa sustentável para o controle da mancha-de-phoma na cultura do mamoeiro. No entanto, estudos básicos são necessários para a escolha de genitores e combinações híbridas resistentes à doença. Neste trabalho, por meio de cruzamento dialélico, envolvendo oito genótipos de mamão, quatro do grupo Solo e quatro do grupo Formosa, estimou-se a capacidade geral e específica de combinações híbridas quanto à resistência a mancha-de-phoma. Os genitores, bem com os híbridos obtidos dos cruzamentos foram avaliados em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Quantificaram-se em duas épocas, março e maio de 2010, as severidades de mancha-de-phoma em folha, com auxílio de escala diagramática. Os genótipos Maradol JS12-N, Sekati e São Mateus demonstram melhor capacidade geral de combinação. Os híbridos Maradol x Golden, Maradol x Sunrise Solo 72/12, JS12-N x Golden, JS12-4 x Waimanalo, Sekati x Waimanalo, Waimanalo x Golden, Waimanalo x São Mateus, Golden x Sunrise Solo 72/12 e Golden x São Mateus apresentaram resultados promissores para seleção quanto à resistência à doença, com valores negativos de capacidade específica de combinação para severidade de mancha-de-phoma.Genetic resistance represents a viable alternative to control phoma-spot in papaya crop. However, basic studies are necessary to base the choice of genitors and hybrid combinations disease resistant. In this research, a diallel cross was conducted involving eight genotypes of papaya, four of the Solo group and four of Formosa group and it was estimated general and specific abilities of combination for the phoma-spot resistance. The treatments were evaluated in a randomized block design with four replications. The severity of phoma-spot in leaves was quantified in two ocasions: March and May of 2010. The genotypes Maradol JS12-N, Sekati e São Mateus show better general combining ability. The hybrids Maradol x Golden, Maradol x Sunrise Solo 72/12, JS12-N x Golden, JS12-4 x Waimanalo, Sekati x Waimanalo, Waimanalo x Golden, Waimanalo x São Mateus, Golden x Sunrise Solo 72/12 and Golden x São Mateus showed promising results for selection, with negatives values of specific combining ability for severity of phoma spot.

Este artigo analisa os procedimentos escriturais que conferem uma configuração experimentalista ao romance Boquitas Pintadas, do escritor argentino Manuel Puig, para demonstrar que a narrativa do autor associa abertura formal e consciência crítica em sua elaboração. Desse modo, Puig desenvolve uma perspectiva narrativa marcada pela hibridação formal, que dialoga com os produtos e bens simbólicos do universo da cultura de massa, sem que abandone o trabalho crítico e esteticamente consciente.

A proposta deste artigo é realizar uma discussão no campo da música, sobre o processo de hibridação cultural que se desenvolve no início dos anos 1990. Uma das primeiras expressões atuais na música contemporânea pode ser atribuída ao Movimento Manguebeat, que emergiu na década de 1990, no cenário da globalização cultural. Nesse contexto, começam a ser relativizadas as diferenças entre o tradicional e o moderno. Na cena cultural cearense, a proliferação de bandas com essa perspectiva culminou com a criação do Movimento Cabaçal nos anos 2000, sobre o qual realizamos um estudo empírico a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com os representantes das quatro bandas integrantes do Movimento Cabaçal

Neste artigo, discuto que o fenômeno do fluxo, aspecto mais debatido de Television no Brasil, deve ser compreendido em perspectiva mais ampla da TV como meio híbrido, no pensamento de Raymond Williams. Tendo a hibridação como eixo, coloco em relevo aspectos centrais da obra, que se referem às relações entre tecnologia e sociedade, à concentração de formas culturais na televisão, à noção do fluxo e ao problema da crítica. Sujeita a revisões desde sua publicação, a obra de Williams possui o mérito de interpelar a televisão como resultante e geradora de hibridações (como no caso da forma mista do drama-documentário), e de apontar, assim, para o caráter desafiador do meio, em diferentes contextos e perspectivas.

O artigo propõe uma reflexão na qual a interdependência entre as instâncias de socialização e os indivíduos faça-se presente. Com base em algumas formulações sobre a sociologia dos processos socializadores, empreende-se uma análise a fim de apreender a complexa dinâmica educativa da atualidade. Existe e é possível concretizar empiricamente a articulação de interdependência entre as matrizes de cultura? Como compreender o imbricado e conflituoso processo de construção das disposições de habitus? Identificando uma nova estruturação no campo da socialização, busca-se uma perspectiva relacional entre as agências a fim de apreender a especificidade do processo de construção das disposições de habitus do indivíduo contemporâneo. A partir dos conceitos de fato social total, de Marcel Mauss, e de hibridismo, do antropólogo latino-americano Nestor García-Canclini, formula-se a hipótese de que a cultura da modernidade imprime uma nova prática socializadora distinta das demais verificadas historicamente. Assim sendo, a discussão pretende contribuir para os estudos relativos aos processos socializadores nos âmbitos institucional e individual, bem como auxiliar no difícil procedimento de investigar a construção das disposições de habitus com base na observação cuidadosa dos mecanismos e das estratégias formadoras. Amplia a leitura sobre o alcance e o limite de cada uma das matrizes de cultura e, simultaneamente, permite perscrutar sobre o movimento de ascensão de novas agências socializadoras.The article proposes a reflection in which the interdependence between instances of socialization and individuals can be made present. Based on some of the formulations about the sociology of socialization processes, an analysis is conducted with the purpose of apprehending the complex educative dynamics of the current times. Is there, and is it possible to actualize empirically, the articulation of the interdependence between the matrices of culture? How should we understand the intricate and conflicting process of construction of the habitus dispositions? Identifying a new structuring of the field of socialization, the text seeks a relational perspective between the agencies, in order to apprehend the specificity of the process of construction of the habitus dispositions of the contemporary individual. Based on Marcel Mauss's concept of total social fact, and on Latin American anthropologist Nestor García Canclini's concept of hybridism, the article puts forward the hypothesis that the culture of modernity establishes a new socializing practice distinct from the previous historical ones. In this way, the discussion aims at contributing to the studies related to the socializing processes within the institutional and individual spheres, as well as to help in the difficult task of investigating the construction of habitus dispositions on the basis of a careful observation of formative mechanisms and strategies. It therefore extends the reading on the reach and limit of each of the matrices of culture and, simultaneously, makes it possible to peer into the ascending movement of new socializing agencies.

A evolução das plantas cultivadas, que teve início há cerca de 13.000 anos, está sujeita aos mesmos processos evolutivos naturais, aliada à ação do homem de forma consciente ou inconsciente, levando à domesticação. Nesta revisão, são apresentados os principais fatores evolutivos, tais como mutação, hibridação, migração, seleção e deriva genética, que, de alguma maneira, estão envolvidos com a origem, evolução e domesticação de plantas cultivadas. São apresentados também exemplos de como esses processos influenciaram na diversidade intra e interespecífica de plantas cultivadas, com o aparecimento de novas variedades ou mesmo de novas espécies. De modo geral, tais processos atuaram na ampliação, na manutenção, bem como na redução da variabilidade genética das plantas cultivadas.The evolution of crop plants, which began at about 13,000 years ago, is subject to the same natural evolutionary processes, coupled with the action of man, consciously or unconsciously, leading to domestication. This review presents the main evolutionary factors such as mutation, hybridization, migration, selection and genetic drift, which somehow are involved in the origin, evolution and domestication of crop plants. Examples of how these processes influenced in the intra and interespecific diversity of crop plants, with the uprise of new varieties or even of new species, are also presented. In general, these processes have worked well in the increase, maintenance, as well as in the reduction of genetic diversity of crop plants.

RESUMO O programa de Melhoramento Genético de Pessegueiros da Embrapa Clima Temperado tem, entre seus objetivos, a obtenção de cultivares produtoras de frutas para consumo in natura, com características que satisfaçam às exigências dos consumidores. Alguns dos grandes centros consumidores, como é o caso de São Paulo e Curitiba, preferem pêssegos de polpa branca e sabor doce. A cultivar BRS Kampai, obtida de um cruzamento entre 'Chimarrita' e 'Flordaprince', alia a baixa necessidade em frio, o que é uma vantagem em regiões subtropicais, à boa aparência, com sabor superior a qualquer um dos parentais. A colheita dos frutos desta cultivar inicia-se geralmente, em meados de novembro, em Pelotas-RS (em Atibaia, São Paulo, inicia-se na segunda quinzena de outubro), poucos dias antes das cultivares Rubimel (polpa amarela) e Premier (polpa branca), sendo ótima substituta para esta última.

A pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar os componentes de produção e a produtividade do cultivar de arroz híbrido de sequeiro Ecco comparado as cultivares convencionais BRS Primavera, BRS Sertaneja e Cambará nos municípios de Vilhena e Cerejeiras-RO. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente ao acaso com quatro repetições. Os experimentos foram instalados no mês de novembro de 2009, sendo um na Fazenda Experimental da Faculdade da Amazônia, no município de Vilhena-RO, localizada a uma latitude S 12°44'26" e a uma longitude 60°08'45" W, e o outro, também em Campo experimental da Faculdade da Amazônia no município de Cerejeiras-RO localizadoS 13°11'19.6" de latitude e W 060°51'43,9" de longitude.As variáveis avaliadas foram: perfilhamento, número de grãos inteiros e chochos por panícula, peso de 1000 grãos, produtividade em sacas de 60 kg por hectare e rendimento de grãos inteiros.O cultivar híbrido Ecco é o mais indicado para o cultivo nas duas regiões, pois apresentou melhor perfilhamento, maior eficiência no enchimento de grãos, maior peso de 1000 grãos e consequentemente maior produtividade nos dois municípios, além de um alto rendimento de grãos inteiros em relação aos outros cultivares.This research aimed to evaluate the yield and productivity of Ecco rainfed compared to conventional cultivars BRS Primavera, BRS Sertanejaand Cambará in Vilhena and Cerejeiras cities, Rondonia state. The experiment was completely conducted in random with four replications. The experiments were conducted in November, 2009, one in the Experimental Farm at Faculdade da Amazônia, in Vilhena city, Rondonia state, located at latitude S 12°44'26" and longitude W 60°08'45", and the other at the Experimental Field of Faculdade da Amazônia in Cerejeiras-RO, located at S 13°11'19,6" latitude and W 060°51'43,9" longitude. The variables were: tillering, number of whole grains and chochos per panicle, 1000 grain weight, yield in bags of 60 kg per hectare and yield of whole grains. The hybrid cultivar Ecco is the most suitable for cultivation in the two regions, because it showed better tillering, greater efficiency in grain filling, greater weight of 1000 grains and consequently higher productivity in both regions, besides a high yield of whole grains in relation to other cultivars.

A herança dos caracteres utilizados na seleção de híbridos de abacaxi é de suma importância para o sucesso dos programas de melhoramento genético desta fruteira. o trabalho teve como objetivo analisar as variações observadas nos principais caracteres utilizados na seleção de híbridos de abacaxi obtidos de diferentes cruzamentos. Foi realizada a análise de variância dos caracteres: altura da planta do solo até à base do fruto, comprimento do pedúnculo, peso do fruto sem coroa, peso da coroa, teor de sólidos solúveis e acidez titulável de 446 genótipos avaliados e 213 selecionados. observou-se uma diminuição do peso do fruto nos híbridos selecionados na maioria dos cruzamentos e aumento dos sólidos solúveis em todos os cruzamentos, quando comparados com todos os genótipos avaliados. Constatou-se correlação linear simples positiva significativa entre o peso do fruto e a altura da planta. Foi observada também correlação linear simples significativa, de baixa magnitude, positiva entre o peso do fruto e o peso da coroa, a altura da planta e o peso da coroa, a altura da planta e o teor de sólidos solúveis e negativa entre o teor de sólidos solúveis e ocomprimento do pedúnculo. Verificou-se diferença entre os cruzamentos na seleção de genótipos de abacaxi para os caracteres estudados.The inheritance of traits used for the selection of pineapple hybrids is very important for the success of the genetic breeding program of this fruit crop. The objective of the present work was to analyze the variations observed in main traits used for the selection of pineapple hybrids obtained by different crosses. The analysis of variance for 446 evaluated and 213 selected genotypes was carried out for the following traits: plant height from soil to the base of the fruit, peduncle length, weight of the fruit without the crown, weight of the crown, total soluble solids content and titrable acidity. in general, it was observed that fruit weight decreased for the selected hybrids in most crosses and the total soluble solids content increased in all crosses. Positive and significant simple linear correlation was observed between fruit weight and plant height. Also a positive significant simple linear correlation was observed between fruit weight and crown weight, however with lower magnitude, plant height and crown weight, plant height and total soluble solids content, and negative, between total soluble solids content and peduncle length. The difference between the crosses in the selection of pineapple genotypes for the traits studied was verified.