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Two new anamorphic fungi, Globoramichloridium delicatum and Heteroconium simile, collected from dead branches of unidentified broadleaf trees in Jiangxi Province, China, are described and illustrated. Globoramichloridium delicatum is characterized by unicellular, subglobose to narrow subnapiform, yellowish-green conidia. Heteroconium simile is distinguished by its monoblastic, integrated, terminal, determinate conidiogenous cells that produce acrogenous, blastocatenate, dimorphic, 0–1-septate, smooth conidia.

Heteroconium tulsiense Rashmi Dubey sp. nov. (Figs 1, 2) Mycobank MB-839843 Etymology:���Named after place of collection, Tulsi Range of Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Maharashtra, India. Holotype:��� INDIA. Maharashtra: Mumbai, Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Tulsi Range, Tiger Reserve areas, on dry twig litter, 22 January 2017, Rashmi Dubey, BSI (WC) 209274, deposited in herbarium of Botanical Survey of India, Western Regional Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India. Description:��� Colonies on natural substrate, effuse, hairy. Mycelium superficial and immersed, composed of septate, smooth-walled, dark brown or brown hyphae, 1���2 ��m diam. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, simple, erect, mostly unbranched but aggregated near the base, straight or slightly flexuous, cylindrical, smooth, thickwalled, 3���9-septate, brown to dark brown, 33���62 �� 7���9 ��m. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, terminal, cylindrical, integrated, determinate or percurrent, brown, smooth, truncate at the apex, 5���9 �� 5.75���7.0 ��m. Conidial secession schizolytic. Conidia holoblastic, acrogenous, blastocatenate in chains of up to four, smooth, obclavate, brown, unevenly pigmented, pale brown ends, rounded at apex, truncate at base, thick-walled, 31���45 �� 7.5���8.7 ��m, 4���7-septate, slightly constricted at the septa. Known distribution:��� Only known from type locality in the Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Maharashtra, India., Published as part of Dubey, Rashmi & Pandey, Amit D., 2022, Heteroconium tulsiense (Antennulariellaceae): a novel microfungus from Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Maharashtra, India, pp. 190-196 in Phytotaxa 536 (2) on page 192, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.536.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/6257685

Key to accepted Heteroconium species 1. Conidia dimorphic, one type of conidia is unicellular and concolorous and second type of conidia is bicellular and bicolorous..................................................................................................................................................................................................... H. simile 1. Conidia monomorphic, either concolorous or bicolorous..................................................................................................................2 2. Conidia concolorous...........................................................................................................................................................................3 2. Conidia bicolorous..............................................................................................................................................................................4 3. Conidia hyaline to pale brown............................................................................................................................................................5 3. Conidia brown to dark brown.............................................................................................................................................................6 4. Conidia guttulated................................................................................................................................................................. H. avilae 4. Conidia not guttulated......................................................................................................................................................................17 5. Scar at both ends of conidia............................................................................................................................................. H. triticicola 5. No scars at the end of conidia.............................................................................................................................................................7 6. Conidia both euseptate and distoseptate������������������������������������������������������..���...............................................................8 6. Conidia euseptate���������������������������������������������������������������������������������....................................................................9 7. Occasionally with a secondary conidium, smooth-walled, 0���6-euseptate, 13���44 �� 5.5���10 ��m....................................... H. schimae 7. No secondary conidium observed, conidia 3���6-septate, 26���52 �� 4���6 ��m....................................................................... H. tropicale 8. Conidia aseptate to multi-septate, subclindrical to ellipsoid, verruculose, 10���60 �� 7���8 ��m....................................... H. kleinziense 8. Conidia 14���22-septate (6���8-euseptate, 8���14-distoseptate), straight or slightly curved, obclavate, 58���93.5 ��m �� 5���8 ��m....................................................................................................................................................................................................... H. bannaense 9. Conidia single septate.......................................................................................................................................................................10 9. Conidia with more than one septa....................................................................................................................................................11 10. Conidia fusiform to cylindrical, pale brown to reddish brown, 23���42.5 �� 8.5���10.5 ��m.................................................. H. indicum 10. Conidia obclavate to ellipsoid, brown, smooth, 12���24 �� 4���6 ��m................................................................................. H. ponapense 11. Conidia less than 7-septate...............................................................................................................................................................12 11. Conidia more than 7-septate.............................................................................................................................................................15 12. Conidia at first smooth and hyaline, later verrucose.................................................................................................... H. glutinosum 12. Conidia smooth-walled.....................................................................................................................................................................13 13. Conidia in chains of 2, 6���7-septate............................................................................................................................ H. phellodendri 13. Conidia in chains of 3, less than 4-septate.......................................................................................................................................14 14. Conidia (1���)2-septate, 20���25 9 7���10 ��m......................................................................................................... H. tsoongiodendronis 14. Conidia 1���4-septate, 13.5���32.5 �� 5.4���8.5 ��m................................................................................................................. H. lignicola 15. Conidia verrucose with longitudinal striations or with creases, 1���14-septate.............................................................. H. neriifoliae 15. Conidia smooth-walled, 1���10-septate .............................................................................................................................................. 16 16. Conidia not constricted at septa, cylindrical to fusiform, 35���95 �� 8���12 ��m............................................................... H. arundicum 16. Conidia slightly constricted at septa, cylindrical to oblong, 10���40 �� 3���7 ��m.............................................................. H. citharexyli 17. Conidia with a double layered wall................................................................................................................................. H. asiaticum 17. Conidia with a thick single layered wall..........................................................................................................................................18 18. Conidia with apical cells pale brown.............................................................................................................................. H. annesleae 18. Apical and basal end of conidia pale brown.....................................................................................................................................19 19. With black band at each septum.......................................................................................................................................................20 19. Without black band at each septum..................................................................................................................................................21 20. Conidia cylindrical or fusiform, 9���16-euseptate, brown, pale brown ends, 50���85 �� 4���6 ��m, in chains of 3............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. H. neolitseae 20. Conidia, obclavate, thick-walled, 45���110 �� 8���12 ��m, 8���18-septate, in chains of 2................................................................. H. fici 21. Conidia blastocatenate, in chains up to 3, smooth, rarely verrucose, primary conidia 5���7-sepatate, truncate at both ends, 32���40(��� 50) �� 8���10 ��m, secondary conidia 3���4 septate, rounded above and truncate below, 20���30 �� 3���5 ��m........................ H. decorosum 21. Conidia blastocatenate, in chains up to 4, smooth, obclavate, 4���7-septate, (mostly 6-septate), slightly constricted at septa, rounded at apex, truncate at base, 31���45 �� 7.5���8.7 ��m, 4���7-septate............................................................ Heteroconium tulsiense sp. nov., Published as part of Dubey, Rashmi & Pandey, Amit D., 2022, Heteroconium tulsiense (Antennulariellaceae): a novel microfungus from Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Maharashtra, India, pp. 190-196 in Phytotaxa 536 (2) on page 194, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.536.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/6257685

Four anamorphic fungal species of Heteroconium were collected from tropical and subtropical forests in southern China. Among them, Heteroconium tsoongiodendronis sp. nov. and Heteroconium fici sp. nov. are described from specimens collected on dead branches of Tsoongiodendron odorum and Ficus gibbosa, respectively. Two species of Heteroconium, H. decorosum and H. ponapense, are recorded for the first time in China. A key to Heteroconium and related genera is also provided.

Two new conidial fungi, Endophragmiella liquidambaris sp. nov. and Heteroconium phellodendri sp. nov. were collected respectively from dead branches of Liquidambar formosana and Phellodendron chinense. They are described, illustrated and compared with closely related taxa. Endophragmiella curvata and E. eboracensis are recorded for the first time from China.

Chocolate Spot leaf disease of Eucalyptus is associated with several Heteroconium-like species of hyphomycetes that resemble Heteroconium s.str. in morphology. They differ, however, in their ecology, with the former being plant pathogenic, while Heteroconium s.str. is a genus of sooty moulds. Results of molecular analyses, inferred from DNA sequences of the large subunit (LSU) and internal transcribed spacers (ITS) region of nrDNA, delineated four Heteroconium-like species on Eucalyptus, namely H. eucalypti, H. kleinziense, Alysidiella parasitica, and one isolate resembling a novel species in a clade separate from the holotype of Heteroconium, H. citharexyli. Based on molecular phylogeny, morphology and ecology, the Heteroconium-like species associated with Chocolate Spot disease are reclassified in the genus Alysidiella, which is shown to have mycelium that is immersed in and superficial on the host tissue and conidiogenous cells that can have loci that are either inconspicuous or proliferating percurrently. Furthermore, conidiogenous cells can either occur solitary on hyphae, or be sporodochial, arranged on a weakly developed stroma, which further distinguishes Alysidiella from Heteroconium

This paper gives an account of three new species. Asterina rhodomyrti sp. nov. has been observed for the first time to occur on this endemic host plant Rhodomyrtus tomentosa; Asterina tylophorae-indicae sp. nov. differs from A. peraffinis in having unicellular appressoria in contrast to bicellular ones; Asterostomella ceropegiae sp. nov. differs from Asterina secamonicola in having gibbous nature of the basal cells of the appressoria. Asterina leptalea and Heteroconium solaninum are new records to India.

Chocolate Spot leaf disease of Eucalyptus is associated with several Heteroconium-like species of hyphomycetes that resemble Heteroconium s.str. in morphology. They differ, however, in their ecology, with the former being plant pathogenic, while Heteroconium s.str. is a genus of sooty moulds. Results of molecular analyses, inferred from DNA sequences of the large subunit (LSU) and internal transcribed spacers (ITS) region of nrDNA, delineated four Heteroconium-like species on Eucalyptus, namely H. eucalypti, H. kleinziense, Alysidiella parasitica, and one isolate resembling a novel species in a clade separate from the holotype of Heteroconium, H. citharexyli. Based on molecular phylogeny, morphology and ecology, the Heteroconium-like species associated with Chocolate Spot disease are reclassified in the genus Alysidiella, which is shown to have mycelium that is immersed in and superficial on the host tissue and conidiogenous cells that can have loci that are either inconspicuous or proliferating percurrently. Furthermore, conidiogenous cells can either occur solitary on hyphae, or be sporodochial, arranged on a weakly developed stroma, which further distinguishes Alysidiella from Heteroconium

A description is provided for Heteroconium avilae . Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Venezuela) and hosts (Plantae).

Descriptions and illustrations of Heteroconium asiaticum sp. nov. from leaves of Grewia asiatica, Pseudocercospora scabrellae sp. nov. on Melothria scabrella and Stenella crotalariicola sp. nov. on Crotalaria sp. collected from North Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India, are given. The taxa are compared and contrasted with similar species.

Torula glutinosa, a sooty mold on living leaves and stems of Eriodictyon spp. from California is illustrated and described. It shares, with the type species of Heteroconium, H. citharexyli, acropetal conidiogenesis of chains of conidia of variable length and acropetal transseptation. An unnamed synanamorph is recognized and described.