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Based on extensive fieldwork in southwest Sardinia focused on the memories of former miners, this article explores the dialectic of temporalities within post-mining communities. Through the perspectives of former miners and individuals involved in heritage-making, the article examines different pathways emerging from the decline of the mining industry and the resulting material and social remnants. This framework relates to the material and social aspects of ruins and ruination, as Ann Stoler discusses. I analyse the closure of mines through De Martino’s concepts of cultural apocalypse and crisis of presence. The article explores how the crisis, triggered by mine closures, leads to various forms of engaging with the mining past. Different subjects interpret and use ruins and ruinations, revitalizing mining history differently. While heritage-makers view ruins as monuments to be promoted for tourism, they also perceive environmental degradation as active ruination requiring remediation. Conversely, former miners see remnants of mining as ongoing ruination, symbolizing decay and the risk of a crisis of presence. The social relations forged within the mining community are seen as a form of mythical ruin that can be employed to revive social relations, primarily those of class, which have faded over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, in alignment with globalization and the megatrend within the international socio-cultural sphere, China has initiated a large-scale “intangible cultural heritage (ICH) protection movement” through its proactive leadership and management of cultural heritage administration. As a significant component of Chinese cultural politics, this movement has profoundly influenced the cultural lives of Chinese society and its citizens and is poised to continue doing so. Some Chinese anthropologists have also participated in and significantly contributed to this movement in various ways. This paper comprehensively and meticulously examines these fundamental ways. Building upon this analysis, this paper further provides an overview and assessment of the research outcomes of anthropological research on Chinese cultural heritage, both domestically and internationally. The author posits that the paramount contribution of anthropologists, both domestically and internationally, to Chinese cultural heritages and the related protection endeavors lies in their academic research outcomes being predominantly based on their respective fieldwork practices. These outcomes, shaped and realized through on-the-ground fieldwork, hold exceptional value for cultural heritage administration and national cultural policies, as they effectively provide cultural criticism and dissenting perspectives.

Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, in alignment with globalization and the megatrend within the international socio-cultural sphere, China has initiated a large-scale "intangible cultural heritage (ICH) protection movement" through its proactive leadership and management of cultural heritage administration. As a significant component of Chinese cultural politics, this movement has profoundly influenced the cultural lives of Chinese society and its citizens and is poised to continue doing so. Some Chinese anthropologists have also participated in and significantly contributed to this movement in various ways. This paper comprehensively and meticulously examines these fundamental ways. Building upon this analysis, this paper further provides an overview and assessment of the research outcomes of anthropological research on Chinese cultural heritage, both domestically and internationally. The author posits that the paramount contribution of anthropologists, both domestically and internationally, to Chinese cultural heritages and the related protection endeavors lies in their academic research outcomes being predominantly based on their respective fieldwork practices. These outcomes, shaped and realized through on-the-ground fieldwork, hold exceptional value for cultural heritage administration and national cultural policies, as they effectively provide cultural criticism and dissenting perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this text is to analyze the process of heritagization of the historic center of the city of Oaxaca, based on a theoretical and conceptual scaffolding that highlights the overlap between the spatial and cultural dimensions of social life. In this sense, the category of historic center is used as a cognitive tool which expresses a series of material and symbolic practices, which serve to endow a set of values to a space delimited and differentiated from the totality of the city. In methodological terms, a spatio-temporal analysis is used to reconstruct the evolution of the city of Oaxaca, as well as the conformation of its historical centrality. It also resorts to the use of documentary and ethnographic data in order to unveil the discourses and practices developed by the different subjects that produce this space. It is emphasized that the historic center of Oaxaca has been produced as a heritage space of global scale, where a monumentalist vision of the cultural heritage predominates, as well as a valuation and use of it, from a mercantile logic linked to tourist activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a catalyst for urban landscape transformation, the reuse of heritage sites plays a pivotal role in shaping contemporary urban spaces and influencing socio-economic development. However, this phenomenon is not without controversy, particularly regarding the quality of preservation and the potential risks associated with over-commodification. Consequently, there has been an increasing research focus on reconciling these conflicting aspects. This study employs a multi-value interpretation framework to delve into the reuse of heritage sites in the urban area of Xi'an within the broader context of China's urbanization. Utilizing a comparative case study method, this research specifically examines the burgeoning phenomenon of heritage parks. This exploration sheds light on how the reuse of heritage intertwines with urbanization processes, by taking into account environmental, economic, social, and cultural values. The findings suggest that a multi-value interpretation framework is crucial to address the limitations of the current heritagization. Heritage sites in Xi'an have been integrated into the urban transformation process through heritage conservation and the production of new heritage spaces. However, the evolving multi-value evaluation of these heritage sites continues to influence the city's interpretation of its significant and fading past in planning. This study highlights the dynamic nature of heritage sites in the urban context and underscores the need for nuanced approaches to balance heritage preservation with the evolving demands of contemporary urban development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of New Architecture is the property of New Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tourism is linked to new dynamics of capital accumulation in a wide variety of destinations worldwide, boosting the attraction of real estate investments. In Latin America, the state promoted tourism, advocating for the commodification of urban land leading to the regeneration of different historical centers, and then to displacement and segregation of the local population. Heritage recognition policies were a necessary part of triggering this trend, articulated with other urban dynamics, such as gentrification. Visual dimension of built environment understood as an urban landscape is a key in tourist and residential practices, as well as in investment strategies. Following an instrumental multiple study case strategy based on primary and secondary sources, and by fieldwork including interviews and photographic record, this article analyzes touristification in Antigua Guatemala (Guatemala) and Cartagena de Indias (Colombia), drawing on the theoretical concept of urban extractivism, and its relation with heritagization and gentrification processes. Both cities were founded during the colonial period, went through a heritagization process and are now consolidated as international tourist destinations. As a conclusion, touristification is considered as an expression of urban extractivism based on the reification of the built environment, in turn rooted on heritage recognition policies, overlapped with gentrification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heritage preservation practices continue to be adopted as a tool to promote the regeneration of historic areas in China. Taking the experience of the Old Town of Lijiang (Dayan) as its starting point, this essay considers heritagization both as a process of gentrification and as an authoritarian urban practice that operates behind the regeneration process, contributing to the transformation of historic neighbourhoods into objects of display. It focuses particularly on the role played by local state actors and heritage regulations, showing how the construction and rearrangement of space as a form of 'ordering' serves the dominant classes, thus legitimizing the transformation of Lijiang and directly shaping people's lives. Finally, following recent accounts of gentrification led by historic preservation, the essay reflects on the ways in which heritage discourses and participatory‐like practices may be deployed to legitimize gentrification and hinder various forms of resistance at the local level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes to re-examine relationships between “presentist” historicity regime and contemporary patrimoniality regime based on a study of the ongoing conflict over the heritage of the former Reille convent, in the 14th arrondissement of Paris, which is awaiting reuse and/or a property development project. This wasteland is studied as revealing the fragility and temporal apories of the “all-heritagization”, which is characterized by an unprecedented disassociation of heritage recognition and protection, by a diversification of heritage processes and even by a paradox but necessary heritage by reuse. The breach of time opened by the defunctionalization of the convent is extended by a process of multiform heritagization, led in particular by the local residents mobilized, and establishes, on the occasion of the revision of the local urban plan of the city of Paris, a fruitful waiting time, conducive to the development of a heritage, social and environmental reuse project alternative to the real estate development project. Finally, the rise in generality of heritage mobilization networked at the metropolitan scale shows that different trends coexisting within the contemporary heritage regime can arise “new futures”, an alternative horizon of expectation for the metropolis.

Copyright of Revista Pós Ciências Sociais (REPOCS) is the property of Revista Pos Ciencias Sociais (REPOCS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Written by a historian of the performing arts who once worked at the Musée d'Orsay, this introduction aims to put the fifteen or so texts in this dossier into perspective. To do this, after a reminder of the specific features of theatre heritage, the reflection unfolds in two stages. Firstly, emphasis is placed on the extraordinary variety of these heritages, within which three major groupings can be distinguished: 'technical and craft knowledge', archives, audiovisual and digital. Secondly, four uses for this heritage are highlighted: serving as sources for researchers, introducing the general public to theatre, contributing to a region's identity, and serving as material for creative artists. The introduction concludes with a statement of five priorities that should help to make better use of these heritages, which are formidable tools for understanding our societies and societies of the past.

Copyright of Revista del Museo de Antropología is the property of Museo de Antropologia - IDACOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El encarcelamiento en 2021 del rapero Pablo Hasél ha dejado múltiples interrogantes abiertos respecto el funcionamiento de la justicia y el desarrollo del Estado de derecho en España. En este ensayo utilizaremos este caso para introducirnos en cómo los procesos de patrimonialización se han apoyado en el poder judicial para depurar aquello que es digno de ser parte del patrimonio. Todo ello, en un momento donde los nuevos contextos digitales provocan nuevas estrategias por parte del poder en su tendencia a establecer un abuso de la memoria y el olvido. Para dilucidar esta disposición social nos centraremos en cómo el poder judicial se sitúa como esencial para: negar a ciertas prácticas sonoras no convenientes el estatus jurídico de cultura de referencia; objetivar ciertas prácticas sonoras para aislarlas de su contexto y apropiarlas al relato que pretenden; y por último, pervertir el lenguaje para asociar ciertos conceptos como el de violencia a géneros musicales como el rap.

The archives of fashion brands are preserved methodically in order to keep a testimony to the brand’s past activities. But these archives are today the object of particular and multiple forms of media coverage which aim at increasing and legitimising the value of a given couture or ready-to-wear house. The heritage labelling these archives underpin consists first of all in giving the brand a higher profile by their exposure and by the invention of a narrative, notablya digital one. This labelling phenomenon is then pursued in physical locations that materialise the brand’s identity and inscribe its historic character in the public space. And, last but not least, these archives can play a role in revamping the values associated with the brand. These objects display their symbolic dimensions and express their commercial value, inspiring contemporary creation and providing resources for the second-hand market in luxury goods.

The listing of monastic heritage emerged in the wake of their secularization in the nineteenth century in most of the European countries and in parallel with the rising level of heritage awareness in a process ongoing through to contemporary times. In Portugal, out of the set of the first 15 buildings listed at the beginning of the twentieth century over a half were former monasteries. Since then, the listing of monastic buildings advanced at different paces with the Portuguese state still continuing to list these buildings but neither in the same way nor according to the same criteria. Analysis of the heritage listing registers of monastic buildings over this period – carried out through cross-referencing different cases – enables the identification of the changes that occurred in the ways each society, across each historical period, perceived and valued these buildings and the choices made regarding the objects deemed to deserve a heritage status. These choices reflect the changes occurring to the societal values over this period. By focusing on a specific typology of “traditional” heritage, the analysis also reveals the challenges that the listing act confronts nowadays coupled with the need to rethink the official heritage lists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a catalyst for urban landscape transformation, the reuse of heritage sites plays a pivotal role in shaping contemporary urban spaces and influencing socio-economic development. However, this phenomenon is not without controversy, particularly regarding the quality of preservation and the potential risks associated with over-commodification. Consequently, there has been an increasing research focus on reconciling these conflicting aspects. This study employs a multi-value interpretation framework to delve into the reuse of heritage sites in the urban area of Xi’an within the broader context of China’s urbanization. Utilizing a comparative case study method, this research specifically examines the burgeoning phenomenon of heritage parks. This exploration sheds light on how the reuse of heritage intertwines with urbanization processes, by taking into account environmental, economic, social, and cultural values. The findings suggest that a multi-value interpretation framework is crucial to address the limitations of the current heritagization. Heritage sites in Xi’an have been integrated into the urban transformation process through heritage conservation and the production of new heritage spaces. However, the evolving multi-value evaluation of these heritage sites continues to influence the city’s interpretation of its significant and fading past in planning. This study highlights the dynamic nature of heritage sites in the urban context and underscores the need for nuanced approaches to balance heritage preservation with the evolving demands of contemporary urban development.

This research focuses on the process of heritagization and how it functions to both legitimize a dance practice and generate a new set of values for the practice. More specifically, I explore how the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) inscribed Modern Dance in Germany as Humanity's Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) on its Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2022. I argue that this designation is a gradual recontextualization, that impacts both the practice itself and its status among global communities. Ultimately, this discursive change puts into question the categorization of German Modern Dance as "modern" in the midst of other "traditional" dances inscribed as heritage on the same list, and sparks questions about the influence of labels and categories on dance practices. I illustrate how the creation of dance as ICH enhances comprehension of national agendas linked to heritage appreciation, illuminates institutional participation in the formation of "national heritage," and significantly contributes to the necessary definition and codification process for inscription, while also acknowledging the evolving and mutable nature of Modern Dance in Germany. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2016, the local government of Như Hoa multi-ethnic district of a northern province of Vietnam rebuilt a ruined temple of the Thái minority, a place associated with their long tradition of offering buffalos to their supreme God –the Po Then Luang. With the aim of meeting the spiritual needs of diverse ethnic communities in the district, the structure and altars of the temple were built with a combination of Việt Buddhist temple architecture and the iconic Thái stilt house. During the inauguration of the temple, a Buddhist ritual was celebrated by hundreds of different ethnic people including the Thái. However, in contrast to the local government's expectation, Thái villagers resisted local authorities' efforts to integrate Buddhism and the Mother Goddess religion into the rebuilt temple. Thái villagers did not mind the architecture of the rebuilt temple or the devotional practices of the Vietnamese people, but they resisted the inclusion of altars dedicated to Buddhist figures in the temple and the inclusion of Buddhist rituals in their own site of worship. Their resistance revealed the complexities of religious accommodation in contemporary Vietnam. This article examines this episode of contestation in relation to state efforts of heritagization, and situates this local resistance within the larger context of religious dialogue and revitalization in contemporary society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The identification and preservation of cultural landscapes worthy of protection is a challenging task, as their significance is often not immediately apparent. Analyzing the process through which a site or landscape became a heritage site and understanding the historical context and the factors that contributed to its designation allows making informed decisions on the management and preservation of the site. To provide research-based knowledge, this paper aims to analyze the transformation of the degraded remains of the North Pole expedition bases of Andrée and Wellman in Virgohamna, Svalbard, into a protected historic landscape and the subsequent emergence of the site as a current popular tourist destination. Virgohamna serves as an illustrative case for examining the heritagization process of cultural heritage sites in Svalbard. This article adopts a multidisciplinary approach, drawing upon case studies, mapping and categorizing the historic and current landscape, the condition and vulnerability assessment of historic remains, behavior studies on visiting tourists and guides on-site, expert interviews, and document studies. The findings highlight the complex processes that have influenced the making of the cultural heritage landscape in Virgohamna, the enduring narrative associated with the site, and the need for continued efforts to ensure the preservation and dissemination of its historical significance. Analyzing the process through which Virgohamna has become a heritage site and understanding the historical context and the factors that have contributed to its designation as a heritage site has the potential to enhance comprehension regarding historical importance and heritage values. Furthermore, it might facilitate engaging stakeholders and formulating management approaches and provide insights for policy suggestions. The comprehensive examination serves as a foundation for responsible and sustainable heritage management, ensuring the preservation and promotion of Virgohamna's cultural heritage for present and future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The classic Scandinavian shieling consisted of a fenced site on outlying lands with meadows and structures for dwelling, stabling livestock, and processing milk. Through dismantling of rural, forested areas, competition for forest use and heritagization, shielings have been marginalized in today’s agrarian life and framed as relics of an outdated system. Shieling owners, like small-scale farmers all over Europe, face challenges including economic viability, loneliness in their work, and difficulty recruiting new shieling workers. Surviving shielings (c. 200 in Sweden) are valued as local development assets and are often considered valuable for their rich biodiversity and heritage. As such, they are subject to conservation schemes that may conflict with development ambitions. Heritagization has also recently been challenged by archaeological and palaeobotanical research showing that shielings, in contrast to current relic framing, were highly adaptable to changing local economic and community conditions over almost 2,000 years. Herein, research work, community development, nature conservation, and heritage management perspectives are synthesized in a discussion of shielings’ past, present, and future, with a particular focus on the shieling Kårebolssätern. Based on historical findings, suggestions include promoting silvopasture and retro-innovative food production contributions to sustainable (post-)pandemic development and climate mitigation. The importance of a political ecology shift and fairer conditions for shielings, and the marginalized communities harboring them, are also highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Born of the fratricidal Korean War (1950-1953), Korea's Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) endures as the oldest continuous frontline of the Cold War. It is also a sealed heritage site, replete with accumulated emotions, trauma, and tension. Given the strict restrictions to access, until recently the DMZ has remained largely imaginary to the public, yet it has been attracting growing interest. The appeal of the Paju DMZ is that it provides the only public window through which the North can be glimpsed from the South. First opened to international visitors in the 1970s through a so-called "security DMZ tour" it was from 2000 increasingly promoted to both domestic and international visitors under the new name "peace and security DMZ tour." Tracing the tour route in Paju, this study examines the formation of the Cold War heritage-scape to understand the role of border heritage in Korea today. We pay particular attention to the heritagization of the Paju DMZ from 1953 to the present. This study also assesses the degree to which the heritage-scape of the Paju DMZ contributes to the representation of peace and reconciliation that the tour aims to convey. We argue that Korea's border heritage acts as a bellwether for the broader inter-Korean relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the heritagization of certain foods as Finnish American foods. By comparing certain Finnish American festivals with the Finnish and Finnish American community in Florida, the article aims to showcase which foods are considered to be Finnish American today. By comparing the foods served at Finnish American festivals in Minnesota, Michigan, Washington with the foods eaten in Florida, the authors are able to limit the regional traditions and find out which foods are seen as important for Finnish American culture, or, in other words, what foods are seen as part of Finnish American heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The article analyzes the trajectory of the reconstitution of the gastronomic heritage among the Italian Walser community. It focuses on the case study of potato production in the Otro Valley, in Alagna Valsesia (VC), and explores how the process of heritagization linked to these products allowed the community to reconstitute a trait of their biocultural diversity lost during the twentieth century. In so doing, it offers details about the gastronomy of potatoes among the Walser and shows that food heritagization is not always coupled with the commodification of local heritage products, but rather can foster processes of reappropriation of a traditional gastronomy.

This article analyzes the heritagization process of araucaria (araucaria araucana), an endemic conifere of the Chilean-Argentinean Andes, which is considered by Pehuenche communities as their sacred tree. Based on fieldwork inquiries and the review of secundary sources, it questions and brings face to face the representations of the different stakeholders involved in this process: those of the Pehuenche communities who swang into action against the exploitation of their forests throughout the 20th century; those of their environmentalist allies who both voiced and played a fundamental part in the expansion of their struggles; those of the State which, responding to these pressures, declared the araucaria Natural Monument and from then on preserves it within a large network of protected areas. Beyond the apparent likeness of these perspectives, the araucaria heritagization process has rested upon dissenting representations. This article explores these conflicting views and the tensions they engendered, in search of uncovering the fundations of a Pehuenche geography of the sacred. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Historia (07169108) is the property of Universidad de Concepcion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article analyzes the trajectory of the reconstitution of the gastronomic heritage among the Italian Walser community. It focuses on the case study of potato production in the Otro Valley, in Alagna Valsesia (VC), and explores how the process of heritagization linked to these products allowed the community to reconstitute a trait of their biocultural diversity lost during the twentieth century. In so doing, it offers details about the gastronomy of potatoes among the Walser and shows that food heritagization is not always coupled with the commodification of local heritage products, but rather can foster processes of reappropriation of a traditional gastronomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the neoliberal transformation of Valparaíso from a deindustrialised, declining city to a site of tourist appeal that commodifies, in an ambivalent but striking way, its own decay. We describe the city’s economic, social and cultural trajectory from a period of global importance as a key port city to deindustrialisation and the acceleration of the city’s decline and the imposition of violent economic policies between 1970s and 90s. Drawing on the notion of slow violence and critical literature around heritage, postcolonial, deindustrial and ‘poverty’ tourism, we trace the impact and materiality of economic abandonment into the present moment, together with the city’s contemporary reliance on tourism for economic survival through a form of dereliction tourism. In a port city like Valparaíso, which has suffered economic decline, widening inequality and precariousness, of which neoliberalism is one cause, the full plasticity and ambivalence of neoliberalization processes is revealed.

On the occasion of the participatory revision of the Greater Quebec City Area land use planning and development schema this study analyzes the engagement of citizens or activists across institutional and social arenas that not only call for a requalification of cultural and natural goods threatened with destruction in order to ensure their protection and transmission to future generations but also let emerge new values and principles that support more ecological territorial management practices.

The identification and preservation of cultural landscapes worthy of protection is a challenging task, as their significance is often not immediately apparent. Analyzing the process through which a site or landscape became a heritage site and understanding the historical context and the factors that contributed to its designation allows making informed decisions on the management and preservation of the site. To provide research-based knowledge, this paper aims to analyze the transformation of the degraded remains of the North Pole expedition bases of Andrée and Wellman in Virgohamna, Svalbard, into a protected historic landscape and the subsequent emergence of the site as a current popular tourist destination. Virgohamna serves as an illustrative case for examining the heritagization process of cultural heritage sites in Svalbard. This article adopts a multidisciplinary approach, drawing upon case studies, mapping and categorizing the historic and current landscape, the condition and vulnerability assessment of historic remains, behavior studies on visiting tourists and guides on-site, expert interviews, and document studies. The findings highlight the complex processes that have influenced the making of the cultural heritage landscape in Virgohamna, the enduring narrative associated with the site, and the need for continued efforts to ensure the preservation and dissemination of its historical significance. Analyzing the process through which Virgohamna has become a heritage site and understanding the historical context and the factors that have contributed to its designation as a heritage site has the potential to enhance comprehension regarding historical importance and heritage values. Furthermore, it might facilitate engaging stakeholders and formulating management approaches and provide insights for policy suggestions. The comprehensive examination serves as a foundation for responsible and sustainable heritage management, ensuring the preservation and promotion of Virgohamna’s cultural heritage for present and future generations.

The heritagization of religious sites has been increasingly studied in recent decades, with the focus shifting from the impact of mass tourism to considering the appropriation and commodification of religious sites as processes characterised by institutional dynamics and conflicting values. Drawing on an integrative-synthetic review as its methodological backbone, through critical heritage theory, advocating an epistemological turn towards post-secular strategies, this conceptual paper explores how the complex relationship between heritage, religion and tourism has been discussed and problematised by a growing literature addressing the heritagization of religious sites. Findings show that previous work has been limited to examining issues of commodification and living religion highlighting a hybrid sacred/secular space, while few researchers have addressed issues of conservation and authenticity. This is evident in the lack of qualitative studies examining the impact of gentrification, restoration and curatorial strategies in the way religious sites are experienced. Thus, the agency of visitors to construct alternative narratives is concealed, while there remains uncertainty regarding the multiplicity of institutional mechanisms influencing conservation assemblages. The paper concludes that research needs to further engage with the dialectics that underpin religious heritage planning assemblages and critically examine the epistemological assumptions under which religious heritage consumption have been considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has halted activities in the global tourism industry, and the situation has only been worsened by the general air of uncertainty and lack of effective vaccinations. Consequently, people have begun testing various remedies to enhance their immunity, primarily turning to traditional medical practices and home remedies. The medicinal use of spices, given their immune-boosting properties, is increasingly popular globally and has enhanced global awareness of spices and their products. In light of this surging popularity, this study examines spice tourism as a concept of niche tourism. This study proposes spice tourism as a valuable post-COVID-19 strategy by providing four different approaches to position spice tourism within special interest tourism. This paper also suggests a tourism development plan for spice tourism and proposes a strategy for its resilience post-COVID-19.

The article discusses the process of heritage development in Albania. The issue is first placed in the country’s historical path, then in the city and in the Stacioni i Trenit district, which housed the central station, destroyed in 2013, and agricultural facilities, dismantled after the political change in 1990. This complex now takes the form of a twenty-five hectare wasteland, characterized by a variety of informal uses, the unfinished reprivatization of land, and a major urban transformation project. We will explore how the agricultural and railway legacies of Stacioni i Trenit are practiced, identified and used by the different actors in this context, and to what extent the heritageization process becomes a revealer of social and spatial dynamics on a larger scale in Tirana and Albania today. Datas presented in the text is the result of a multidisciplinary research associating urban planning, architecture, sociology and anthropology since 2018.

The participatory revision of the Land Use Planning and Development Schema of Greater city Quebec is causing confusion and indignation as it could lead to the dezoning of peri-urban agricultural lands whose qualities and values are shared and prized by a community that mobilizes to have them collectively recognized as common heritage and to make them preserved from any harmful transformation. Inspired by the sociological approach developed by Luc Boltanski and Laurent Thévenot (1991), this research by the actors when they determine what counts, what they attribute a value to, when they elaborate their own definition of the world and of the actions that they intend to engage in it.

This _Article investigates debates on visualizations of the Kankurang and offers a new conceptualization of the interrelation of processes of heritagization and in_visibility. “Kankurang” refers both to an initiatory rite of the Mandinka ethnic group associated with the circumcision of young males as well as the spirit at its center. In the rite, the Kankurang chases away unwanted viewers, and traditionally was intended to remain invisible to outsiders. However, the figure has been dragged into the political spotlight in both Senegal and Gambia, as new institutions have intentionally incorporated the rite into their political interests by making Mandinka heritage visible, while at the same time concealing unwanted information. In 2008, the Kankurang initiatory rite was inscribed on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Since then, a documentation center was established in Janjanbureh, Gambia, and in 2018, the Gambian Kankurang was also targeted by the YEP (Youth Empowerment Project), funded by the EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa (EUTF). By revitalizing the Kankurang Festival, the financiers wish to prevent ‘irregular immigration’ to the EU. In this paper, I reveal the different developments and stances on authorized order on this heritage’s in_visibility through visual discourse analysis of the invisible superstructure; drawing on phenomenology and Marxist relational space theory, I criticize and theorize the implicated power-imbalances in these developments. In conclusion, I will elaborate two types of invisible superstructure which disclose the conflicting political aims and ethical implications of visualizing the Kankurang.

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The book entitled ”About the ethnological interpretation“, by Ioana-Ruxandra Fruntelată, is a selection of the author’s previously published essays and articles devoted to the main instruments of knowledge production belonging to the field of Romanian ethnology. A professor of ethnology at the University of Bucharest, Fruntelată expresses the need to generate a critical and self-reflexive background of the discipline she teaches, a reflection also inspired and informed by her vast experience as a fieldworker undertaken with her students and colleagues over the last years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work of identifying and protecting areas of national interest in physical planning, which began in the 1960s, included singling out valuable cultural environments. The aim was that these should be protected, preserved, managed, and brought to life. Since then there has been strong pressure for change on many of the environments, not least in the towns and cities, so the question is - how well have these cultural environments of national interest been protected and what factors have affected their conservation? The article highlights how four urban environments in Norrbotten have been valued and managed over time and what status the designation "national interest" has in the context of the present-day pressure for change. The reason for the designation is stated in the motivation texts of cultural environments of national interest. Here, Piteå is identified as an urban environment surrounding a main square that reflects seventeenth-century urban planning and the buildings and activities of the pre-industrial town. Svartöstaden is described as a shanty town that reflects industrial development and workers' living conditions around 1900. Malmberget-Koskullskulle are highlighted as two mining communities with characteristic and period buildings that reflect economic fluctuations and social stratification from the end of the nineteenth century. Kiruna is identified as an urban environment and industrial landscape from the beginning of the twentieth century, where the contemporary ideals of a model town were realized. The motivation texts describing the cultural environments of national interest have affected in various ways the course of events when changes have occurred. The selection of places and the motivations have depended on the available knowledge base. In municipalities where knowledgeable officials and interested politicians have enabled conservation, national interests have been better served in planning and in connection with changes. The motivation texts established stereotypes of the cultural environments which have subsequently been carried on down to the present. They have helped in conservation, but they have also meant that other perspectives have been overlooked. The concept of "small-scale wooden town" in Piteå has had the effect that wooden houses are often seen as the obvious choice. Svartöstaden was labelled a "shanty town", which has been associated with poor-quality houses due for urban renewal, tarnished by the dirty environment near the industrial site. In Malmberget, "shanty town" referred to the very first buildings, made of left-over timber and sugar crates. In Malmberget this thought has helped to obscure the fact that there has been high-quality architecture, especially in the area occupied by the mining company, which in some cases was fully comparable to what was built at the same time in Kiruna. The "model town" of Kiruna has in turn been viewed as the opposite of Malmberget, appreciated precisely for its architecture. The boundaries of cultural environments of national interest and the motivation texts have tended to dominate municipal work with historic environments, in that the planning predominantly focused on the cultural environments of national interest. The result is that what is consciously preserved tends to reflect only certain stages in the history of the towns, often the oldest buildings, which also tend to be perceived as beautiful and appealing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Langage & Societe is the property of Fondation Maison des Sciences de l'Homme and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)