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ABSTRACT Aims Design Method Results Conclusion Reporting Method Impact Patient or Public Contribution To assess the prevalence of tokophobia (fear of childbirth) and evaluate the relationship between catastrophic thinking, tokophobia, childbirth preferences and the health profile of primigravida (first‐time pregnant women in rural areas).A descriptive correlational study.This study, implemented from January 2024 to March 2024, involved 300 primigravidae. Data collection was carried out using the Socio‐Demographic and Clinical Data Sheet, the Pain Catastrophising Scale (PCS) and the Fear of Childbirth Scale, which are specific tools chosen for their relevance to the research objectives.The mean score for catastrophic thinking is 36.13 (SD = 4.2740), which indicates a clinically significant level of pain catastrophising, and Tokophobia's mean is 42.53, which denotes intense Fear of Childbirth. There are strong positive correlations among catastrophic thinking and its subcomponents, positive correlations between tokophobia and devastating thinking and significant correlations between childbirth preferences and catastrophic thinking.This study's findings provide compelling insight into the intricate interplay between catastrophic thinking, tokophobia and childbirth preferences. These insights can pave the way for targeted psychological interventions to address catastrophic thinking in pregnant women, potentially alleviating tokophobia and supporting informed, less fear‐driven childbirth decisions. This could lead to a more positive childbirth experience for many birthing people, equipping healthcare professionals with actionable knowledge to improve maternal and child health outcomes.The relevant reporting method, that is, STROBE, has been adhered to.This study's findings have significant implications for the healthcare of pregnant women, particularly first‐time birthing people deemed high risk. The study suggests that thorough antenatal care can help ease their fear of childbirth, ultimately leading to improved outcomes for both women and babies.Public contribution by females in the community maternal services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Nursing & Health is the property of Journal of Nursing & Health (JONAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Globally around 41 million people each year die due to Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which is nearly 74% of all deaths. Objectives: (1) To assess the demographic & health profile of community participants. (2) To assess the medication status of noncommunicable diseases among the community. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted during January to April 2024 among community people. Among the 250 houses of urban and rural areas, total 583 people were selected for the study after informed consent. Houses were identified during family health survey. Results: Out of 583 people, 266, 45% were males and the females were 317, 55%. Majority (213, 37%) of people were belongs to ≥ 65 year age group. Majority (39%) were studied up to the primary level. Around 45% of participants had history of tobacco consumption. Conclusions: Significant family history of hypertension, CVD and renal diseases was noted among males. Significant gender wise difference were noted for the on NCD medication duration of participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To describe the prevalence and the variables associated with TDIs in schoolchildren aged 8 to 14 years in Estância Velha city in southern Brazil, placing emphasis on molar incisor hypomineralization. Methods: Students enrolled in public schools of a medium-sized city in the southern Brazil were selected using cluster random sampling. Clinical examinations assessed molar incisor hypomineralization-MIH (European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria), dental caries (DMFT index), and TDIs (O'Brien's criteria). Socioeconomic and demographic variables were assessed using a standardized questionnaire. Prevalence ratios were estimated using Poisson regression (p < 0.05). Results: 513 students (54.8% female), with a mean age of 11.6 (± 1.9) years, participated in the study. The prevalence of TDIs was 11.3%, with enamel fracture representing 90.4%. The high prevalence of traumatic dental injuries was associated with MIH (PR: 2.22 CI: 1.27; 3.87; p < 0.01) and overjet > 3 mm (PR: 2.03 CI 1.19; 3.45; p < 0.01). Conclusion: The sample of schoolchildren from southern Brazil had a low prevalence of traumatic dental injuries. Molar incisor hypomineralization and increased overjet were associated with the higher prevalence of traumatic dental injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem e Atenção à Saúde (REAS) is the property of Revista de Enfermagem e Atencao a Saude - Reas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the clinical and sociodemographic profile and associate them with the quality of life of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus being followed up in a public hospital in an inner city of the state of São Paulo. Method: Quantitative, cross-sectional, and analytical study, performed with 80 dyads. Data were collected through a clinical/sociodemographic form and a Quality of Life Instrument. For analysis, descriptive statistics were used, and Pearson's Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were applied to assess the association between quality of life and clinical/sociodemographic variables. Results: Out of the total participants, the ones who scored high quality of life were mostly, female (52.5%), in the age group 15 to 17 years old (56.3%), 51.3% self-identified as white, and 40.1% were attending high school. In the preoccupation domain, a significant association was found to the time since diagnosis (p=0.035), demonstrating that young adolescents with a longer time of diagnosis had a worse quality of life. Conclusion: The majority of adolescents in this study (51.3%) had been living with diabetes for 10 or more years. It was identified that the duration of the diagnosis has the potential to interfere with the quality of life of these young individuals.

Introduction: studies that seek to identify and outline the vulnerability profile contribute to directing necessary interventions to be carried out in people with tuberculosis (TB) and HIV (acronym in English for human immunodeficiency virus) co-infection, to achieve the end of TB. Objective: to describe the profile of people with tuberculosis and HIV co-infection, from 2016 to 2018, in Espírito Santo, Brazil. Methods: this is a cross-sectional descriptive study, using secondary data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) for TB and HIV, through a methodological process of database preparation and descriptive data analysis, the information was encoded and stored anonymously in a database in Excel for Windows®; Afterwards, the STATA statistical package, version 16 (Stata Corp LP, College Station, TX, USA) was used to carry out descriptive analyses with identification of relative and absolute values, and tables were generated for data analysis. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Health Sciences Center of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (CEP/CCS/UFES) under opinion number 4022892 on 05/12/2020. Results: of a total of 4,428 cases, 325 cases were TB-HIV coinfection, 322 cases were located in the SINAN-TB database and three cases were located after linking with the SINAN-HIV database that presented a record of negative results for the diagnostic test of HIV in the SINAN-TB database. There was a profile with a predominance of men (71%), young people (20 to 39 years old) (52%), mixed race (59%), up to 8 years of schooling (25%), of which 29% reported alcohol consumption, 26% used illicit drugs, and 37% were smokers, who had the pulmonary form of the disease (66%), they reported adherence to antiretroviral therapy (65%) and only 44% had a cure outcome at closure and 20% stopped treatment; the majority of cases (61%) did not undergo directly observed treatment and only 6.9% of cases reported receiving assistance from the government’s income transfer program. Conclusion: in order to ensure greater coverage of tuberculosis control in PLHIV patients, it is necessary to expand the dialogue between health and social support policies; enable access to health services such as antiretroviral treatment for all people diagnosed with HIV, and timely directly observed treatment (DOT) for people who present this vulnerability profile. Carrying out new studies is essential to contribute to technological advancement and planning in health service actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RIIS: Revista de Investigação & Inovação em Saúde is the property of RIIS: Revista de Investigacao & Inovacao em Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fisioterapia Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To characterize the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients admitted to the adult intensive care unit of a teaching hospital. Method: Descriptive epidemiological study, with a quantitative approach, cross-sectional and retrospective nature. The research was carried out at the teaching hospital, in an adult intensive care unit between January and December 2021. Results: 153 people were hospitalized. There was a predominance of males (68.6%). The average age was 53 years (standard deviation=20). Regarding the municipality of residence, Maringá predominated (39.9%). The average length of stay was 17 days (median=11; standard deviation=18). Regarding the primary cause of admission, it was noted that the most frequent causes were trauma (14.4%). Regarding the outcome of hospitalization, although the majority of participants were discharged from the sector (58.8%), there was an important proportion who died (37.3%). Conclusion: Predominance of males, with an average age of 53 years, from the city of Maringá, hospitalized for around 17 days due to trauma and/or fractures, which required intubation and without vasoactive drugs and hemodialysis, with a more rise in the sector is frequent, although the mortality rate was 37%, raising a warning for managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction Intestinal ostomy represents the externalization of the intestine to the abdominal wall.

Background: Leprosy, a neglected tropical disease, is reported in over 120 countries, with upwards of 200,000 new cases annually. This Cross-Sectional Cohort Study aimed to delineate the epidemiological profile of leprosy in a low-endemic area in southern Brazil, both before and after implementing an active search strategy. Methods: The study examined two surveillance periods in Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The active search strategy was carried out through the application of the LSQ by the community health workers as a screening and detection tool for new cases of leprosy and this was compared with passive case detection. The first spanned from 2014 to 2020, and the second from January 2021 to August 2023. Findings: 48 leprosy cases were reported throughout the study, 83.3 % of which were diagnosed as multibacillary. The first period had an average detection rate of 0.38 cases per 10,000 inhabitants, increasing to 1.19 cases per 10,000 inhabitants in the second period. Notably, there was a substantial shift in the degree of physical disability (GD), with more Grade 0 and Grade 1 disabilities observed post-active search. Main Conclusions: The study underscores the efficacy of active search strategies in early diagnosis, highlighting a 300 % increase in the annual average of diagnosed cases. This large number of detected cases demonstrates the high sensitivity of the LSQ. This approach significantly aids in uncovering hidden cases of leprosy, enhancing disease management and control in low-endemic areas indicating that the Ministry of Health should intensify leprosy control activities in these regions.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of vertebral bone tuberculosis (TBO) in a public tertiary hospital in Recife, PE, from 2018 to 2023. Methods: Retrospective epidemiological study with a descriptive and quantitative approach. Medical records of patients reported with vertebral tuberculosis between 2018 and 2023 were evaluated. Results: 14 cases were found treated as vertebral tuberculosis. The sample was predominantly composed of male individuals, with an average age of 49 years, residing in the metropolitan region of Recife. The majority had the diagnosis established by clinical radiological criteria and surgical treatment for decompression and arthrodesis, which occurred in 11 (78.5%) of the cases. Conclusion: It concludes that the profile of patients with vertebral tuberculosis is made up of men of working age, and that clinical-radiographic diagnosis predominates mainly in endemic areas. Level of Evidence II. Retrospective study.

Objective: To determine the epidemiological profile of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a teaching unit. Method: In this observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study, data from the medical records of consultations conducted between February 2020 and May 2022 at an endocrinology outpatient clinic in a teaching unit in Northeast Brazil were evaluated. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed, with percentage values, medians, and interquartile ranges (IQRs) reported. Result: Data were collected from the medical records of 118 patients, and the medical records of 95 patients were used for statistical analysis after the exclusion of records with insufficient data. Seventy patients (73.6%) were female, with a median age of 57 years (IQR 51.5-65), a median body mass index (BMI) of 28.9 kg/m2 (IQR 25.7-33.1) and a median age at diagnosis of 47.5 years (IQR 38-55). The median glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting blood glucose levels during follow-up were 7.6% (IQR 6.6-9.7) and 132.8 mg/dL (IQR 113.5-201.7), respectively, and only 36.8% (n=35) of patients were within their HbA1C therapeutic target range. Approximately 73.6% (n=70) of the patients used statins, but only 18 (18.9%) had LDL-c within their therapeutic target range. Twenty-seven patients (28.4%) had kidney dysfunction, either albuminuria or a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) reduction, and 6 of them (22.2%) did not use any nephroprotective medication. Fewer than half of the patients underwent fundoscopy, and 32.5% of them showed some degree of retinopathy. Neuropathy was present in 33 patients (34.7%), with 3 patients (3.16%) presenting with amputations.

Objective: To assess the historical trend of AIDS detection in Brazil and compare the epidemiological characteristics of this condition in older persons versus the adult population. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study of AIDS cases reported in Brazil from 2010 to 2019, utilizing the publicly available database provided by the Unified Health System through the Ministry of Health Department of Informatics (DATASUS). The proportion of AIDS cases for older persons and adults was calculated based on epidemiological characteristics, and Pearson’s chi-squared test was applied at a 5% significance level to identify differences. Thematic maps displaying AIDS detection rates were created. Results: Overall, 61.43% of those diagnosed with AIDS were male. The AIDS rate among older adults increased by almost 10%, rising from 8.1 cases per 100,000 in 2010 to 8.7 cases in 2019. Among women, the rate remained relatively stable, while there was an increase among men, rising from 11.0 to 12.6 cases per 100,000 men over the period. The Northeast and North regions showed the most significant increases in detection rates from 2010 to 2019: 81.39 and 44.18%, respectively. Female sex, white race, and lower educational attainment were identified as higher risk factors for infection in older adults compared to the adult population. Conclusion: These data demonstrate an increase in cases of AIDS among older adults in Brazil from 2010 to 2019, particularly among men and in the North and Northeast regions. There is a need to enhance sexual health programs for the older population, as well as to train healthcare professionals to address these demands. This includes promoting educational prevention campaigns that take into account the contexts and challenges faced by older adults.

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: to analyze the epidemiological and clinical profile of cases of acquired syphilis in Vitória (ES). Method: descriptive study with a quantitative approach analyzing the report forms of acquired syphilis in the four-year period from 2016 to 2019 (pre-pandemic period). Data were collected from report forms and in the records of the Rede Bem-Estar Computerized System, between August 2020 and July 2021. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using the PSPP statistical package. Results: 449 cases were reported. The majority were male (60.58%); aged 20 - 29 years (35.86%), with a reduction between 13 to 19 years and an increase in ages > 50 years; people of brown skin color (22.94%); with complete high school (20.27%); and residing in the neighborhoods of Praia do Canto (14.25%) and Jesus de Nazareth (10.24%). There was a predominance of non-treponemal reactive test (87.08%) with latent clinical classification (47.22%) and unknown (30.29%), titration greater than 1/8 (59.59%) and with inadequate treatment (3.79%) or no treatment at all (2.45%). Conclusion: young, brown men with a clinical history of contagion were the most diagnosed with syphilis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Boron supplementation has been demonstrated to exert many beneficial effects on animals. The first metabolomic investigation into the effects of boron on dairy calf health is covered in this study. For two months, healthy newborn calves were enrolled in one control group and three experimental groups. Boron was added to the milk of the experimental groups in increasing doses. Biochemical profile, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) metabolomic profiles on days 0, 30, and 60, and daily health scores were determined. Worsening of health score parameters was more common in the control calves, and they were prone to getting sick. Enzyme increases due to birth stress were remarkable. Significant increases in the passive colostral adequacy parameter γ-glutamyl transferase were also not maintained with boron addition. A total of 33 water-soluble and 17 lipid-soluble serum metabolites were determined. Increases in glucose, fructose, alanine, cholate, betaine, and 3-hydroxybutyrate levels, and decreases in lactate, isovaleric acid, valine, leucine, tyrosine, and 2-hydroxybutyrate levels were observed. Phosphoglyceride levels were increased, while the levels of different cholesterol types were found to be decreased. From our data, it emerged that better growth performance, increased gluconeogenesis, and liver development were associated with boron supplementation. To interpret the effects of boron supplementation on the health of dairy calves, NMR-based metabolomic assessment has outperformed biochemical analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To verify the COVID-19 clinical characteristics, associated comorbidities, and outcomes in adolescents. Data source: This is a systematic review study based on articles published between 2020 and 2022 in the United States National Library of Medicine - PubMed (MedLine), Virtual Health Library – VHL (LILACS), Science Direct, Web of Science, and Scopus (Elsevier) databases. The study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, under No. CRD42022309108. Data synthesis: A total of 1188 studies were identified. After applying the selection criteria, 13 articles were included. Prevalence was 25%; mild cases were predominant; and fever, cough, headache, anosmia, nasal congestion, and ageusia were frequent. Fever and cough were proportionally higher in hospitalized cases: 81 and 68%, respectively. Dyspnea (odds ratio [OR] 6.3; confidence interval 95%[CI] 2.8–14.3), fever (OR 3.8; 95%CI 2.0–7.4), and cough (OR 3.4; 95%CI 2.0–6.0) were associated with severe cases. Up to 28% required intensive care and 38% required mechanical ventilation. Pre-existing comorbidities increased the risk of hospitalization and death. Severe cases were associated with the risk of death (relative risk [RR] 4.6; 95%CI 2.8–7.5). The black, mixed, and indigenous races/skin colors represented risk groups, as well as residents of poorer regions. Conclusions: The review provided a better understanding of the disease profile and may favor the development of public policies, in addition to contributing to the current literature in the field of adolescent health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfermagem Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To analyze the predictive factors for loss to follow-up of tuberculosis treatment in people deprived of liberty in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Retrospective cohort study. Data were collected from secondary sources on people deprived of their liberty notified of tuberculosis in the state between 2015 and 2017. The risk of loss to follow-up according to the exposure variables (sociodemographic, case detection, clinical and follow-up) was established by the crude Odds Ratio, which, when significant, were included in the multiple model with the forward method, determining their adjusted Odds Ratio. Results: A total of 9,153 cases were included in the study, of which 6% were closed as loss to follow-up. In the multiple analysis, the predictor variables for loss to follow-up were: female gender; notification by certain coordinating bodies; re-treatment after abandonment, ongoing drug resistance without information, type of treatment without information and need for hospitalization. Conclusion: The study's findings highlight the importance of raising awareness among health professionals in prisons about identifying the risk profile for loss of follow-up in tuberculosis treatment among people deprived of their liberty. This includes women detained in the metropolitan region, in pre-trial detention centers and prison progression centers. In addition, this should include people in post-abandonment retreatment, in need of hospitalization and without information on drug resistance and type of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Adolescence is the stage between childhood and adulthood, characterized by physical, and mainly, psychological changes, which make this period full of new experiences and uncertainties, increasing the vulnerability of this group. In this sense, the school becomes a privileged space to understand the individual demands of teenagers and promote early interventions focused on health education in an attempt to reduce exposure to potential risk situations. Objective: To describe the health profile of the teenagers enrolled in high school at the Escola Estadual Ouro Preto in 2022. Methods: This is a descriptive crosssectional study that included the participation of 53 students enrolled in high school at the Escola Estadual Ouro Preto. The students answered the adapted Youth Risk Behaviour Survey (YRBS) questionnaire with questions related to mental health, sexual behavior, alcohol, tobacco and other drug use. The questionnaires were filled out anonymously and the answers were typed into Google Forms for later descriptive analysis. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Ouro Preto. Results: The distribution of male and female participants was balanced; 30.8% of the teenagers have suffered some type of threat and 19.2% have been physically assaulted; 60.8% reported having depressive or anxious symptoms, and 34.6% have thought about committing suicide; 38.5% have had sexual intercourse, 75% have received guidance on sexually transmitted diseases, and 20% did not use a condom during the last sexual encounter; 70.6% of the young people have tried alcohol and 42.3% have tried cigarettes at least once in their life. Approximately 90% consider their health normal, good, or excellent, but 50% are dissatisfied with their body weight. Conclusion: It can be seen that violence, depressive and anxious symptoms, unprotected sex, and early drug use are relevant issues among the studied teenagers, making interventions in health focused on these themes essential.

Abstract Background Leprosy is an infectious and contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae and is mainly characterized by lesions in the skin and peripheral nerves. In Brazil, it is a public health problem due to its high endemicity. However, the state of Rio Grande do Sul presents low endemicity of this disease. Objective To characterize the epidemiological profile of leprosy in the state of Rio Grande do Sul from 2000 to 2019. Methods This was a retrospective observational study. Epidemiological data were collected from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN, Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação). Results Among the 497 municipalities in the state, 357 (71.8%) registered cases of leprosy in the assessed period, with an average of 212 (81.5%) new cases per year. The average detection rate was 1.61 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The male sex was predominant (51.9%) and the mean age was 50.4 years. Regarding the epidemiological clinical profile; 79.0% of the patients were multibacillary; 37.5% presented the borderline clinical form; 16% had grade 2 physical disability at diagnosis and bacilloscopy was positive in 35.4% of cases. As for treatment, 73.8% of the cases were treated with the standard multibacillary therapeutic regimen. Study limitations There were missing/inconsistent data in the database available. Conclusions The findings observed in this study indicate that the state presents a low endemicity profile of the disease and these results can support adequate health policies relevant to the reality of Rio Grande do Sul, inserted in a national scenario of highly endemic leprosy.

Introduction: Health Benefit Plan Administrators must manage the health risk of their members. Therefore, health characterization is performed from enrollment to support decision-making and timely intervention. Objective: To analyze the historical results of characterizing the adult population on admission to the insurance company in relation to the demand for all-cause and psychiatric hospitalization services. Materials and Methods: An observational cross-sectional study with members over 18 years of age, in which an analysis was made of the characterization of the adult population of the insurer and its association with the use of medical consultation services in primary care and all-cause and psychiatric hospitalizations. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was made, and odds ratios (OR) were calculated in logistic regression. Results: Variables significantly associated with having an all-cause hospitalization were identified: having referred history of heart disease OR=1.71(95%CI: 1.33; 2.20), respiratory disease OR= 1. 30(95%CI: 1.04; 1.61), chronic kidney disease OR=1.66(95%CI: 1.13; 2.45), cancer OR=1.65(95%CI: 1.14; 2.40), taking any medication permanently OR=1.35(95%CI: 1.174; 1.56) and smoking OR=1.44(95%CI: 1.12; 1.85). For psychiatric hospitalizations, a history of discouragement, depression, or little hope was relevant with OR=5.12(95%CI: 1.89; 13.87). Discussion: The characterization of patients during enrolment allowed the identification of predictor variables of hospitalization, guiding management from the primary care level minimizing costs and catastrophic health events. Conclusion: The timely identification of specific patient profiles allows timely actions to minimize health costs and catastrophic health events.

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ağlayan Ağaç is a chapel located at Bartın-Amasra, dated to the Late Eastern Roman Era. The skeletons unearthed from the Amasra Ağlayan Ağaç Excavation were examined paleopathologically. The health structure of the society was tried to be determined by comparing the obtained data with other Anatolian societies from the same era. The incidence ratio of cribra orbitalia in the Ağlayan Ağaç society is higher in individuals under adult age than the other Anatolian societies. Porotic hyperostosis rates are similar to their contemporaries. The causes of lesions are thought to be malaria or iron deficiency anemia. Infant-child mortality rate indicates rapidly progressing infectious diseases. 88.89% of the infant buried here are newborns. This area is a sacred place and this high ratio could be the result of the belief that unbaptized individuals might be forgiven since they are buried in a sacred area (according to Christian belief). Among the intense daily activities of adults in the community, traces of heavy lifting and carrying activities that require high effort based on arm and leg strength have been observed. It is possible to say that the Ağlayan Ağaç community was in a bad situation especially for children in terms of nutrition. However the low ratio of infectious diseases (excluding malaria) indicates a higher hygenic conditions in comparation to other contemporary Anatolian populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Aim: To compare the profile of users of short- and long-acting contraceptive methods (CM). Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study that analyzed population-based databases in Peru. A total of 12,973 users of short- and long- acting CM were included. Social, demographic, and reproductive characteristics were studied, as well as the type of contraceptive method. Descriptive statistics were calculated; and the Chi-square test was applied with 95% confidence. Results: Short-acting contraceptives (87.7%) are more used than long-acting contraceptives (LARCs) (12.3%). Among users of LARCs, the proportion of women with higher education (47.7%) was significantly higher. Women from the highlands (21.9%) used mostly short-acting methods; and those residing in urban areas (85.5%) and with a high wealth index (23.7%) used long-acting methods. Childlessness (18.8%) and non-desire for parity (62.5%) were higher in users of short- and LARCs, respectively. The initiation of sexual intercourse was not different in both groups of users. Conclusion: Social, demographic, and reproductive characteristics are different in women users of short- and long-acting methods, except for age at sexual debut. Clinical significance: The wide range of CM currently available allows women and their partners to satisfy their reproductive demands, although their choice depends on various conditions internal or external to the woman. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem e Atenção à Saúde (REAS) is the property of Revista de Enfermagem e Atencao a Saude - Reas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The research aims to characterize the births in the municipality of Tenente Ananias-RN, in the last decade, of children whose parents are teenagers. This is an ecological, descriptive, retrospective study with a quantitative approach. Data were collected through the Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), through the Live Births Information System (SINASC). From 2011 to 2020, 219 (15%) births resulting from teenage pregnancies were recorded. Regarding maternal characteristics, most were 18 years old at the time of delivery (n=80;%=36.5), were single (n=152;%=69.4), had an education level between 8 and 11 years (n=124; %= 56.6), brown (n=123; %= 56.2) and home occupation (farmer) (n=131; %= 59.8). There was a predominance of 7 or more consultations (n=133; %= 60.7) and they started in the first trimester (n=160; %= 73.1). Most were pregnant between 37 and 41 weeks (n=179; %= 81.7), the type of pregnancy was single (n=215; %= 98.2), nulliparous (n=73; %= 33.3), cesarean delivery (n=192; %= 87.7), belonging to Robson's group 1 (n=124; %= 56.6). With regard to newborns, most obtained good vitality and an average weight of 3027.3g. This study contributes to the health area, with proposals for improving public health policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: healthcare-associated infections are an indicator of healthcare quality because they occur after the performance or as a result of a necessary healthcare procedure. Objective: to describe the epidemiological profile of healthcare-associated infections at the "Mártires del 9 de Abril" Hospital in the period from 2018 to 2021. Methods: retrospective descriptive descriptive observational study. The study universe was the total number of healthcare-associated infections registered in the period according to age, sex, location, isolated microorganisms, services in which they were registered and deaths. Results: the incidence rate for the four-year period was 1.5 cases per 100 hospital admissions, 48.7% of the infections occurred in the 60 years and older age group and 39.9% corresponded to the respiratory system. Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 50.3% of the isolated microorganisms. The incidence rate was 16.7 in the Nephrology Department and 21.9 in the Therapy Department. Conclusions: the incidence rates of healthcare-associated infections in the healthcare center during the period studied showed a downward trend. The 60 and over age group is the most affected. Respiratory tract infections predominate and are also the most lethal. Staphylococcus aureus was the most isolated microorganism. The highest incidence was recorded in the Nephrology Department and the highest lethality in the Therapy Department. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To characterize the sociodemographic and clinical variables of people with intestinal stomas. Materials and Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study with 47 patients of a Specialized Rehabilitation Center (CER II/APAE) in the municipality of Três Lagoas, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Midwestern Brazil, from December 2019 to June 2020. Data was analyzed using inferential descriptive statistics (Anderson-Darling, Chi-squared, and Mann-Whitney normality tests). Results Regarding the patients, 87.23% were from Três Lagoas, 51.06% were female, 40.43% were aged from 60 to 69 years, 59.57% were married, 53.19% were brown, 59.57% were catholic, 36.17% finished elementary school, 46.81% were retired, and 57.45% earned a monthly income below 1 minimum wage. Moreover, 61.70% had undergone terminal colostomy (61.70%), 61.70% had received guidance about its placing, 57.45% had it placed due to situations of urgency, 74.47% had a stoma installed due to a neoplasia, 38.30% were permanent, with 46.81% located in the inferior left quadrant (ILQ), 59.57% presented pasty effluent, 63.83% had a circular diameter, 53.19% had pouches with 2 pieces and 57.45%, with a flexible base, 87.23% had other adjunct equipment, and 95.74% had been trained in self-care. The most common complication was skin/peristomal irritant contact dermatitis (59,57%), and 65,95% of these cases were solved by teaching self-care. The type of stoma was significantly associated with the consistency of the effluent and the size of the protrusion (p > 0.05). Conclusion The results found can support strategies to implement practices to promote health, develop new public policies, to provide training in self-care, and prevent and treat complications.

Background Population health diagnoses are a fundamental tool to guide health policies and programs, and consequently, public health requirements. In this perspective, the burden of disease in inhabitants of Colombian Orinoquia is quantified for the first time. Methods A descriptive population-based study that was based on secondary sources was carried out, which aimed at measuring the burden of the disease in the Colombian region of Orinoquia, using the simplified synthetic indicator of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of the global health estimation methodology. We used mortality records from the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE) and service provision records from the Ministry of Health and Social Protection of Colombia, both records from the year 2017, available on the Integrated Social Protection Information System. Results 288,740.2 DALYs occurred (95% UI 210,714.6-382,948.8), with higher reports for men (59%); group of non-communicable diseases accounted for 62.3% of DALYs (179,993.6, 95% UI, 115,030.2-268,405.0), followed by external cause injuries group which contributed 24.6% (71,000.0, 95% UI, 25,638.1-134,013.1), and group of communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional disorders which contributed 13.1% (37,746.0, 95% UI, 28,048.0-50,239.7). Interpersonal violence was the primary cause specific of DALYs with 9.8% of the burden, (28,290.0, 95% UI, 7,365.1-64,208.1). Conclusions Most DALYs in Orinoquia are produced by non-communicable diseases (NCD), largely caused by neoplasms and cardiovascular disease, which increased with age. However, when considered by specific cause of illness or injury, interpersonal violence is indicated as the main cause of DALYs, affecting mainly young men, possibly as an expression of social inequality, substance use, criminality, and insecurity. It is important to highlight that this region has been recognized as an area of armed conflict, drug trafficking, and poverty.

Copyright of Investigaciones ANDINA is the property of Fundacion Universitaria del Area Andina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: to describe the clinical-epidemiological profile and outcome of old people hospitalized for COVID-19 at the University Hospital of Piauí. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was carried out with secondary data involving 137 medical records of old patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in the UH during the period from April to December 2020. Data were collected in August and September 2021. A form consisting of questions equivalent to the sociodemographic and epidemiological data of old patients was used. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 25. Results: It was observed that the "use of mechanical ventilation" (Odds Ratio: 35.96 [10.23-126.47]) and "type of hospitalization bed" (Odds Ratio: 9.40 [2.69-32.82]) were the variables that best explain the deaths being independent predictors for this outcome. There was a statistically significant association between the number of comorbidities (p=0.007), the presence of clinical manifestations (p=0.003), the number of clinical manifestations (p=0.003) and death. The shorter survival time was associated with ICU admission and use of mechanical ventilation (p=0.000). Conclusion: The results of the study show that the presence of risk factors for COVID-19, clinical manifestations of the disease, to be admitted to ICU beds, using MV and those who were older had worse outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: Describe the profile of patients admitted with signs of pertussis, emphasizing the differences between confirmed cases and its differential diagnosis. METHODS: Retrospective study realized by the analysis of medical charts of patients from 0 to 2 years old, admitted between 2015 to 2019 with suspected pertussis. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratorial, and radiological variables were verified. The data was analyzed descriptively and through associations. RESULTS: 211 patients were included, being 81,1% levss than 6 months old and 49,3% male. At the admission, high frequency of coughing (99.1%), paroxysmal coughing (60,2%), cyanosis (78,7%) and dyspnea (70,1%) was observed. Data showed that 8,4% of the patients who underwent leukogram presented lymphocytic leukocytosis, and 57,5% of the patients submitted to chest X-ray presented abnormalities. The pertussis diagnosis was confirmed in only 37 patients. There was significative association (p

Background Population health diagnoses are a fundamental tool to guide health policies and programs, and consequently, public health requirements. In this perspective, the burden of disease in inhabitants of Colombian Orinoquia is quantified for the first time. Methods A descriptive population-based study that was based on secondary sources was carried out, which aimed at measuring the burden of the disease in the Colombian region of Orinoquia, using the simplified synthetic indicator of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of the global health estimation methodology. We used mortality records from the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE) and service provision records from the Ministry of Health and Social Protection of Colombia, both records from the year 2017, available on the Integrated Social Protection Information System. Results 288,740.2 DALYs occurred (95% UI 210,714.6-382,948.8), with higher reports for men (59%); group of non-communicable diseases accounted for 62.3% of DALYs (179,993.6, 95% UI, 115,030.2-268,405.0), followed by external cause injuries group which contributed 24.6% (71,000.0, 95% UI, 25,638.1-134,013.1), and group of communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional disorders which contributed 13.1% (37,746.0, 95% UI, 28,048.0-50,239.7). Interpersonal violence was the primary cause specific of DALYs with 9.8% of the burden, (28,290.0, 95% UI, 7,365.1-64,208.1). Conclusions Most DALYs in Orinoquia are produced by non-communicable diseases (NCD), largely caused by neoplasms and cardiovascular disease, which increased with age. However, when considered by specific cause of illness or injury, interpersonal violence is indicated as the main cause of DALYs, affecting mainly young men, possibly as an expression of social inequality, substance use, criminality, and insecurity. It is important to highlight that this region has been recognized as an area of armed conflict, drug trafficking, and poverty.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with the lifestyle profile of public basic education teachers in Minas Gerais during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Epidemiological websurvey carried out with public basic education teachers in Minas Gerais. Data collection took place from August to September2020 via digital form. Anthropometric, sociodemographic, work, and lifestyle characteristics were evaluated. Poisson Regression was used. Results: 15,641 teachers participated and 31.1% had inadequate health habits. There was a higher prevalence among men (PR=1.38; 95%CI:1.31;1.45), older age (PR=1.20; 95%CI: 1.07;1.34), greater weekly workload (RP=1.10; 95%CI:1.03;1.17) and those dissatisfied with work (RP=1.21; 95%CI:1.15;1.27). As a protective factor, professors with longer teaching experience (RP=0.92; 95%CI:0.87;0.98) and those hired or appointed (PR=0.89; 95%CI:0.85) ;0.94). Conclusion: Lifestyle inadequacy was found among older male teachers, with longer working hours and job dissatisfaction.

Dermatoses refer to pathologies that affect the skin and its appendages, many of which are initial manifestations of underlying disorders. Dermatological examination indicates various skin changes and lesions, enabling better diagnostic accuracy within the variety of diseases that affect the skin. Conditions in dermatology impact the patient's quality of life, increasing risks for psychosocial disorders and depression. However, there is negligence in public health policies related to these pathologies, due to the underestimation of their morbidity, mortality and lethality rates. The goal of this study is based on the collection of statistical data regarding the main dermatological conditions. It is a prospective cross-sectional study, whose data were collected, through anamnesis and physical examination, at the outpatient clinic of São Camilo University Center (PROMOVE), in November/2021, in São Paulo. 92 patients were treated, with primary ICD L70 (“acne vulgaris”) being the most prevalent, followed by ICDs L81 (“other pigmentation disorders”), D21 (“benign neoplasms of connective tissue and soft tissue”) and L20 (“atopic dermatitis”), respectively. Based on the distribution of dermatological diseases by age, DALYs (Disability Adjusted Life Years) peak between 10 and 20 years old, due to acne. This explains the fact that it is a disease with a great psychological impact, especially in this age group. In this way, this information can help align prevention policies; general practitioner awareness of the main dermatopathologies, encouraging the initiation of treatments for diseases such as acne and atopic dermatitis; early diagnoses and consequent improvement in quality of life.

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the COVID-19 clinical characteristics, associated comorbidities, and outcomes in adolescents. Data source: This is a systematic review study based on articles published between 2020 and 2022 in the United States National Library of Medicine - PubMed (MedLine), Virtual Health Library – VHL (LILACS), Science Direct, Web of Science, and Scopus (Elsevier) databases. The study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, under No. CRD42022309108. Data synthesis: A total of 1188 studies were identified. After applying the selection criteria, 13 articles were included. Prevalence was 25%; mild cases were predominant; and fever, cough, headache, anosmia, nasal congestion, and ageusia were frequent. Fever and cough were proportionally higher in hospitalized cases: 81 and 68%, respectively. Dyspnea (odds ratio [OR] 6.3; confidence interval 95%[CI] 2.8–14.3), fever (OR 3.8; 95%CI 2.0–7.4), and cough (OR 3.4; 95%CI 2.0–6.0) were associated with severe cases. Up to 28% required intensive care and 38% required mechanical ventilation. Pre-existing comorbidities increased the risk of hospitalization and death. Severe cases were associated with the risk of death (relative risk [RR] 4.6; 95%CI 2.8–7.5). The black, mixed, and indigenous races/skin colors represented risk groups, as well as residents of poorer regions. Conclusions: The review provided a better understanding of the disease profile and may favor the development of public policies, in addition to contributing to the current literature in the field of adolescent health.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis affects approximately between 0.3 and 1.2% of the world population. In Latin America, different studies have estimated a prevalence between 0.2 and 0.5% in the population over 16 years of age. Objective: To identify the epidemiological profile of rheumatoid arthritis. Material and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional design carried out in an urban population of a social security institution in Mexico. The information of the clinical file of 373 patients was studied. The epidemiological profile included the sociodemographic dimension, family history, health, clinical, therapeutic, biochemical, extra-articular manifestations and complications. Statistical analysis percentages, means, confidence intervals for percentages and confidence intervals for averages were calculated. Results: The wrists were the most affected joints with 44.6% (95% CI: 39.5-49.6%). The extra-articular manifestation with the highest prevalence was asthenia with 9.9% (95% CI: 6.9-12.9%); predominant diagnosis according to ICD-10 was seropositive rheumatoid arthritis with 59.8% (95% CI: 54.8-64.8%), and the rheumatoid factor was highly positive in 78.3% (95% CI: 74.1-82.5%); predominant treatment was with combined therapy at diagnosis in 97.6% (95% CI: 96.0-99.1%). The duration of treatment was > 10 years in 34.1% (95% CI: 29.2-38.8%). Conclusion: This work has described the epidemiological profile of the patient with rheumatoid arthritis in different dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]