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Objective: Considering the effects of self-esteem, eating attitudes and body satisfaction on obesity and bariatric surgery outcomes, psychiatric evaluation is important for the identification and treatment of psychopathology, improvement of self-esteem, eating attitudes and body satisfaction. In this study, it was aimed to determine the relation between eating behaviors, body dissatisfaction, self-esteem and psychological symptoms in patients seeking bariatric surgery. Our second aim was to determine whether depressive symptoms and anxiety had a mediating role in the relationship between body satisfaction and self-esteem and eating attitudes. Material and Methods: The study included 200 patients. Patients’ data were retrospectively evaluated. Psychometric evaluation performed during the preoperative period included psychiatric examination and administration of the Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Rosenberg SelfEsteem Scale, Body-Cathexis Scale, and Dutch Eating Behaviors Questionnaire. Results: There was a positive correlation between self-esteem and body satisfaction and a negative correlation between self-esteem and emotional eating (r= 0.160, p= 0.024; r= -0.261, p< 0.001 respectively). Body satisfaction had an effect on emotional eating mediated by depression and an effect on external and restrictive eating mediated by anxiety. Furthermore, anxiety mediated the relations between self-esteem and external and restrictive eating behaviors. Conclusion: Our finding indicating that depression and anxiety have mediator effects on the relation between self-esteem, body dissatisfaction, and eating attitudes is significant since screening for these entities and their treatment is relatively more practical in clinical settings.

Background A low-grade inflammation is presumed to be related to the etiopathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily members have roles in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders because of the relationship with inflammation and neurogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) levels in patients with bipolar depression (BD), MDD and a healthy control (HC) group to determine any differences between MDD and BD in terms of inflammation biomarkers. Subjects and methods After a 12-hour overnight fast, 5 milliliter (mL) samples of fasting blood were obtained from the participants. The TWEAK and TRAIL plasma levels were calculated using ELISA kits. Results The TWEAK levels were found to be higher in the BD group than in the HC group (p=0.03). No statistically significant differences were determined between the BD vs MDD and MDD vs HC groups (p=0.17, p=0.37, respectively). There were no statistically significant differences between the three groups (BD vs HC; BD vs MDD; MDD vs HC) in terms of TRAIL levels (p=0.21). Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to have explored TWEAK levels in patients with BD. The higher TWEAK levels in BD than in the control group is compatible with the inflammation hypothesis of BD. Limitations of the study were the differences in medications of the patient groups and that it was a cross-sectional study. There is a need for further longitudinal studies with larger sample size and medication-free patients.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess clinical correlates of treatment adherence and insight in patients with schizophrenia.Methods: That cross-sectional study included 229 outpatients with schizophrenia who were admitted to the Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic of Health Sciences University Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital. All participants were administered a socio-demographic form, Morisky Medication Adherence Questionnaire, Schedule for Assessing the three components of insight, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Positive and Negative Symptoms Rating Scale, Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia, and Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. Collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation Analysis, and logistic regression analysis. Results: Poor treatment adherence was associated with male gender, lower insight level, more severe psychotic symptoms, and lower functionality level. The insight score was negatively correlated with the severity of psychotic symptoms, duration of the disorder, and mean antipsychotic dose; but positively correlated with advanced age of onset and higher functionality level. The logistic regression analysis revealed that functionality level was more predictive of poor medication adherence.Conclusion: Poor treatment adherence and lower insight level were closely associated with more severe clinical symptoms and lower functionality level. It was noteworthy that adherence and insight levels both showed a high predictivity for the wellbeing of the patients. Therefore, psychotherapeutic interventions should be implemented to increase treatment adherence and insight in schizophrenia even if the psychotic symptoms show resistance. Further research is needed to clarify clinical associations of the treatment adherence and insight level in patients with schizophrenia., Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı şizofreni hastalarında tedaviye uyumu ve içgörü ile ilişkili klinik değişkenleri değerlendirmektir.Yöntemler: Kesitsel nitelikteki bu çalışmaya Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Psikiyatri Polikliniği’ne başvuran 229 şizofreni hastası dahil edildi. Tüm katılımcılara sosyodemografik veri formu, Morisky Tedaviye Uyum Ölçeği, İçgörünün Üç Bileşenini Değerlendirme Ölçeği, Kısa Psikiyatrik Değerlendirme Ölçeği, Pozitif ve Negatif Belirtileri Değerlendirme Ölçeği, Calgary Şizofrenide Depresyon Ölçeği ve İşlevselliğin Genel Değerlendirilmesi Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. İstatiksel analizde tanımlayıcı analizler, Pearson Korelasyon Analizi ve lojistik regresyon analizi kullanıldı.Bulgular: Şizofrenide düşük tedavi uyumu bulunması erkek cinsiyet, düşük içgörü düzeyi, yüksek psikotik belirti şiddeti ve düşük işlevsellik düzeyi ile ilişkili bulundu. İçgörü düzeyi ise psikotik belirti şiddeti, hastalığın süresi ve ortalama antipsikotik ilaç dozu ile negatif korelasyon gösterirken; geç başlangıç yaşı ve yüksek işlevsellik düzeyi ile pozitif korelasyon gösterdi. Lojistik regresyon analizinde ise işlevsellik düzeyinin düşük tedavi uyumunu öngörmede daha etkili olduğu belirlendi.Sonuç: Düşük tedavi uyumu ve içgörü düzeyi yüksek klinik belirti şiddetiyle ve düşük işlevsellik düzeyiyle güçlü korelasyon gösterdi. Tedavi uyumu ve içgörü düzeyi hastaların iyilik durumu üzerinde önemli prediktif faktörler olarak saptandı. Bu nedenle psikotik belirtiler dirençli olsa dahi şizofreni hastalarında tedavi uyumu ve içgörüyü arttırmaya yönelik psikososyal tedaviler uygulanmalıdır. Şizofreni hastalarında tedavi uyumu ve içgörü düzeyi ile ilişkili klinik değişkenlerin daha iyi anlaşılması için gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalar önemli olacaktır.

BackgroundThe aim of the current study was to explore the effect of gender, age at onset, and duration on the long-term course of schizophrenia.MethodsTwenty-nine centers from 25 countries representing all continents participated in the study that included 2358 patients aged 37.21 ± 11.87 years with a DSM-IV or DSM-5 diagnosis of schizophrenia; the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale as well as relevant clinicodemographic data were gathered. Analysis of variance and analysis of covariance were used, and the methodology corrected for the presence of potentially confounding effects.ResultsThere was a 3-year later age at onset for females (P P P P = .001). No significant effects were found concerning duration of illness.DiscussionOur results confirmed a later onset and a possibly more benign course and outcome in females. Age at onset manifested a single peak in both genders, and surprisingly, earlier onset was related to a slower progression of the illness. No effect of duration has been detected. These results are partially in accord with the literature, but they also differ as a consequence of the different starting point of our methodology (a novel staging model), which in our opinion precluded the impact of confounding effects. Future research should focus on the therapeutic policy and implications of these results in more representative samples.

In this work, effects of concentrations ranging from 0 to 500 mg/L of some 2-aminothiazole derivatives such as 4,4’-(disulfanediylbis(methylene))bis(thiazol-2-amine) dihyrochloride (DMTA) and 2-amino-4-(chloromethyl)thiazole hydrochloride (ACT) on glutathione reductase from baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (GR) were investigated. With exposure of 25, 50, 100, 250 and 500 mg/L concentrations, % GR activity changes were calculated as -5.29 ; -3.85 ; -2.40 ; -6.73 and -10.58 in DMTA applications, while these changes were calculated as +0.98 ; 0.00 ; -0.49 ; -2.45 and 0.00 in ACT applications, respectively. This work indicated that there was a slight decrease in GR activity with the increase of DMTA concentrations and there was no significant change in GR activity with the increase of ACT concentrations. But according to control activities, no statitistical changes were observed in GR activities with exposure of these 2-aminothiazole derivatives (p > 0.05, n=3).

BackgroundThe aim of the current study was to explore the changing interrelationships among clinical variables through the stages of schizophrenia in order to assemble a comprehensive and meaningful disease model.MethodsTwenty-nine centers from 25 countries participated and included 2358 patients aged 37.21 ± 11.87 years with schizophrenia. Multiple linear regression analysis and visual inspection of plots were performed.ResultsThe results suggest that with progression stages, there are changing correlations among Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale factors at each stage and each factor correlates with all the others in that particular stage, in which this factor is dominant. This internal structure further supports the validity of an already proposed four stages model, with positive symptoms dominating the first stage, excitement/hostility the second, depression the third, and neurocognitive decline the last stage.ConclusionsThe current study investigated the mental organization and functioning in patients with schizophrenia in relation to different stages of illness progression. It revealed two distinct “cores” of schizophrenia, the “Positive” and the “Negative,” while neurocognitive decline escalates during the later stages. Future research should focus on the therapeutic implications of such a model. Stopping the progress of the illness could demand to stop the succession of stages. This could be achieved not only by both halting the triggering effect of positive and negative symptoms, but also by stopping the sensitization effect on the neural pathways responsible for the development of hostility, excitement, anxiety, and depression as well as the deleterious effect on neural networks responsible for neurocognition.

Bu calismada, organofosfat insektisit klorpirifos (CPF) ve sistemik herbisit 2,4-diklorofenoksiasetik asit (2,4-D)’nin farkli konsantrasyonlarinin, sigir karaciger katalazi (CAT) uzerine herhangi bir inhibisyon ya da aktivasyona neden olup olmadigi arastirilmistir. Bu amacla CPF ve 2,4-D’nin 25, 50, 100, 250 ve 500 ppm konsantrasyonlari kullanilmistir. Her iki pestisitin test edilen tum konsantrasyonlarinin uygulanmasini takiben CAT aktivitesi artmistir. 25, 50, 100, 250 ve 500 ppm konsantrasyonlarin etkisinde % CAT aktivite artislari CPF uygulamalarinda sirasiyla 10.0; 6.2; 4.6; 6.9 ve 6.0 olarak hesaplanmisken bu artislar 2,4-D uygulamalarinda sirasiyla 13.1; 10.3; 17.0; 24.4 ve 18.8 olarak hesaplanmistir. Sunulan arastirma CAT aktivitesi artislarinin CPF’ye oranla 2,4-D uygulamalarinda daha yuksek oldugunu gostermektedir. Bu 2,4-D’nin hidrojen peroksit uretimini CPF’ye gore daha fazla arttirmis olabilecegi anlamina gelmektedir.

In this study, glutathione reductase from baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (GR) exposed to 0, 25, 50, 100, 250 and 500 mg/L neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid (IMI) and thiamethoxam (TMX). Under the exposure of 25, 50, 100, 250 and 500 mg/L concentrations, % GR activity alterations were calculated as -1.01; +0.50; 0.00; 0.00 and -1.01 in IMI applications, while these alterations were calculated as -2.91; -1.46; -0.97; -1.46 and -0.97 in TMX applications, respectively. According to control activity, no statistical changes were observed in GR activities ( p >0.05). The present study showed that the tested neonicotinoid insecticides did not cause significant changes in GR enzyme activities.

M.B. is supported by a NHMRC Senior Principal Research Fellowship (APP1059660 and APP1156072). All authors contributed equally., Fountoulakis, K.N., Dragioti, E., Theofilidis, A.T., Wikilund, T., Atmatzidis, X., Nimatoudis, I., Thys, E., Wampers, M., Hranov, L., Hristova, T., Aptalidis, D., Milev, R., Iftene, F., Spaniel, F., Knytl, P., Furstova, P., From, T., Karlsson, H., Walta, M., Salokangas, R.K.R., Azorin, J.-M., Bouniard, J., Montant, J., Juckel, G., Haussleiter, I.S., Douzenis, A., Michopoulos, I., Ferentinos, P., Smyrnis, N., Mantonakis, L., Nemes, Z., Gonda, X., Vajda, D., Juhasz, A., Shrivastava, A., Waddington, J., Pompili, M., Comparelli, A., Corigliano, V., Rancans, E., Navickas, A., Hilbig, J., Bukelskis, L., Injac Stevovic, L., Vodopic, S., Esan, O., Oladele, O., Osunbote, C., Rybakowski, J.Κ., Wojciak, P., Domowicz, K., Figueira, M.L., Linhares, L., Crawford, J., Panfil, A.-L., Smirnova, D., Izmailova, O., Lecic-Tosevski, D., Temmingh, H., Howells, F., Bobes, J., Garcia-Portilla, M.P., García-Alvarez, L., Erzin, G., Karadaǧ, H., De Sousa, A., Bendre, A., Hoschl, C., Bredicean, C., Papava, I., Vukovic, O., Pejuskovic, B., Russell, V., Athanasiadis, L., Konsta, A., Stein, D., Berk, M., Dean, O., Tandon, R., Kasper, S., De Hert, M.

PURPOSE The aim of the study was to assess efficacy and safety of paliperidone palmitate (PP) in schizophrenic patients using real-life data. METHODS This national, multicenter, retrospective, and mirror-image study was performed reviewing the medical records of patients in 18 centers. Adult schizophrenic patients receiving PP treatment (n = 205) were enrolled. Patients' data covering the last 12 months before the initial PP injection and the period until the end of study with at least 12 months after the initial PP injection were evaluated. Patients' characteristics, scale scores, and adverse events were recorded. RESULTS Nonadherence to prior medication was the most frequent reason for switching to PP treatment. Comparing with the period before PP treatment, the rate of patients visiting the hospital for relapse (79.5% vs 28.9%, P < 0.001) and the median number of hospitalizations (2 vs 0, P < 0.001) were lower during PP treatment. During PP treatment, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score decreased by 20% or more (response to treatment) in 75.7% of the patients. The frequency of adverse events did not differ between the period before and during PP treatment. Improvement in functionality was higher in those with disease duration of 5 years or less. CONCLUSIONS Paliperidone palmitate is effective and safe in treatment of schizophrenic patients and in switching to PP treatment in patients with schizophrenia, which reduced the percentage of patients admitted to the hospital for relapse and the median number hospitalization, and has positive effects on functionality.

In this study, postoperative pain and anxiety level of the patients who were scheduled for spinal anesthesia (SA) and remained awake during the operation and patients who were scheduled for general anesthesia (GA) and were asleep during the operation were assessed.Thirty-six patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty in our clinic were randomly divided into two groups. The first group (SA group) was given spinal anesthesia during operation (heavy marcaine), while the second group (GA group) underwent general anesthesia (propofol + nitric oxide). Hospital anxiety-depression (HAD) scores and visual analog scale (VAS) scores of the patients were calculated postoperatively. The patients were asked to score anxiety by the physicians.The mean postoperative HAD score was 24.68 in GA group, and 29.62 in SA group (p0.05). The physicians score for patients' anxiety after surgery was 1.05 in GA group, and 1.69 in SA group (p0.05). The mean postoperative VAS of the patients was 8.42 in GA group, and 8.87 in SA group (p0.05). No statistically significant differences were found between the SA group and GA group in terms of HAD scores. No significant differences were found between the mean postoperative VAS scores of the groups. A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups for the physician's score for patients' postoperative anxiety.Our study results showed that total knee arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia was not associated with mood changes in patients and no increase in postoperative pain was seen.

Obezite ile cinsel işlev bozukluklarının ilişkisi karmaşıktır ve tam olarak açıklığa kavuşmamaıştır. Önceki çalışmaların birçoğu küçük örneklemlerle gerçekleştirilmiştir ve birçok olası değişken kontrol edilmemiştir. Çalışmanın amacı, ulusal olarak temsil edici bir örneklemde yaş, kardiyovasküler sorunlar, diyabet, hipertansiyon, tiroid hastalıkları, uyku bozuklukları, anksiyete ve depresyon değişkenlerinin kontrol edilmesinden sonra, vücut kitle indeksi (VKI) ile şu andaki cinsel işlev bozukluklarının ilişkisinin kadın ve erkeklerde incelenmesidir. Örneklem 4162 olguyu içermektedir (2081 kadın ve 2081 erkek). Erkeklerde en sık raslanan cinsel işlev bozukluğu prematür ejekulasyon (8.8%) iken kadınlarda hipoaktif cinsel istek (13.9%) olarak saptanmıştır. Tek değişkenli analizler erkeklerde hipoaktif cinsel istek ve ereksiyon disfonksiyonunun; kadınlarda ise hipoaktif cinsel istek, cinsellikten zevk almama ve cinsel ağrı yakınmalarının obezite ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Çok değişkenli analizler ise yaşın her iki cinsiyette de hemen hemen bütün cinsel işlev bozuklukları ile ilişkili olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Aktif cinsel yaşam olmaması, hipoaktif cinsel istek, cinsellikten zevk almama ve ereksiyon bozukluğu riskleri diyabetik erkeklerde daha yüksek bulunmuştur.Kadınlarda depresyon ve anksiyete belirtileri bütün cinsel işlev bozuklukları ile yakın bir ilişki gösterirken, erkeklerde hipoaktif cinsel istek, ereksiyon disfonksiyonu ve prematür ejekulasyon ile ilişkilidir. Her iki cinsiyette de diğer değişkenler kontrol edildikten sonra VKİ cinsel sorunlarla ilişkili değildir. Bu bulgular, obezite ile cinsel işlev bozuklukları arasındaki ilişkinin diğer faktörlerin etkisiyle ortaya çıkabileceğini düşündürmektedir. The association of obesity with sexual dysfunctions is complex and far from clear. Most former studies consisted of small samples and did not control several possible confounding factors. Our aim was to investigate the association of BMI with current sexual dysfunction in males and females in a nationally representative population sample after controlling for age, the presence of cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, hypertension, thyroid diseases, anxiety and depression and also menopause in women. The sample included a total of 4162 subjects (2081 females and 2081males). The most frequent sexual problem was premature ejaculation (8.8%) in males and hypoactive sexual desire disorder (13.9%) in females. Univariate analysis showed that hypoactive sexual desire and erectile dysfunction in males and hypoactive sexual desire, lack of pleasure from sexuality and sexual pain in females were associated with obesity. Multivariate analysis indicated that age was significantly associated with almost all types of sexual problems in both sexes. The risks of having no active sexual life, hypoactive sexual desire, lack of pleasure from sexuality and erectile dysfunction were higher in males with diabetes mellitus. Depression and anxiety were associated with all types of sexual problems in females and with no active sexual life, hypoactive sexual desire, erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation in men. In both sexes BMI was not associated with sexual problems after the confounding factors were controlled. The association of obesity with sexual dysfunction might be mediated by other factors.

European Community Recent years have seen considerable progress in epidemiological and molecular genetic research into environmental and genetic factors in schizophrenia, but methodological uncertainties remain with regard to validating environmental exposures, and the population risk conferred by individual molecular genetic variants is small. There are now also a limited number of studies that have investigated molecular genetic candidate gene-environment interactions (G x E), however, so far, thorough replication of findings is rare and G x E research still faces several conceptual and methodological challenges. in this article, we aim to review these recent developments and illustrate how integrated, large-scale investigations may overcome contemporary challenges in G x E research, drawing on the example of a large, international, multi-center study into the identification and translational application of G x E in schizophrenia. While such investigations are now well underway, new challenges emerge for G x E research from late-breaking evidence that genetic variation and environmental exposures are, to a significant degree, shared across a range of psychiatric disorders, with potential overlap in phenotype. Maastricht Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Neuropsychol, Sch Mental Hlth & Neurosci,South Limburg Mental H, NL-6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, Dept Psychosis Studies, London WC2R 2LS, England Mondriaan Mental Hlth Trust, Maastricht, Heerlen, Netherlands Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Rob Giel Clin Res, Univ Ctr Psychiat, Groningen, Netherlands Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, Dept Hlth Serv & Populat Res, London WC2R 2LS, England Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, Dept Psychol, London WC2R 2LS, England Cardiff Univ, MRC, Ctr Neuropsychiat Genet, Cardiff CF10 3AX, S Glam, Wales Cent Inst Mental Hlth, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Mannheim, Germany Dokuz Eylul Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Konak, Turkey Istanbul Univ, Istanbul Fac Med, Dept Psychiat, Psychot Disorders Res Unit, Istanbul, Turkey Ankara Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Cebeci Hosp, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey Ankara Univ, Brain Res Ctr, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New Haven, CT USA Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Psychol, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey Diskapi YB Res & Training Hosp, Ankara, Turkey Turkish Federat Schizophrenia Assoc, Ankara, Turkey Ataturk Training & Res Hosp, Psychiat Clin, Ankara, Turkey Manisa Mental Hlth Hosp, Manisa, Turkey Istanbul Univ, Expt Med Res Inst, Dept Adv Neurol Sci, Istanbul Fac Med, Istanbul, Turkey Univ Complutense, IiSGM CIBERSAM, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Hosp Gen Univ Gregorio Maranon,Sch Med, E-28040 Madrid, Spain Univ Barcelona, Dept Psychiat, Hosp Clin, IDIBAPS,Ctr Invest Biomed Red Salud Mental CIBERS, Barcelona, Spain Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Invest Biomed Red Salud Mental CIBERSAM, Valencia, Spain Univ Oviedo, Sch Med, Dept Med,Psychiat Area, Ctr Invest Biomed Red Salud Mental CIBERSAM, Oviedo, Spain Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Mental Hlth & Drug Addit Assistance, Hlth Serv Galicia,Psychiat Genet Grp IDIS, Hosp Clin,Ctr Invest Biomedica Red Salud Mental C, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain Hosp Virgen de la Luz, Serv Psiquiat, Dept Psychiat, Cuenca, Spain Hosp Univ Infanta Leonor Hosp Virgen Torre, Villa de Vallecas Mental Hlth Ctr, Villa de Vallecas Mental Hlth Dept, Madrid, Spain Hosp Univ Infanta Leonor Hosp Virgen Torre, Puente de Vallecas Mental Hlth Dept, Ctr Salud Mental Puente Vallecas, Madrid, Spain Hosp Clin Univ, Fdn Publ Galega Med Xenomica, Santiago de Compostela, Spain Univ Complutense, Sch Med, Hosp Gen Univ Gregorio Maranon, Dept Psychiat, E-28040 Madrid, Spain Hosp Psiquiatr Conxo, Santiago de Compostela, Spain Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Early Psychosis Sect, Dept Psychiat, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Clin Psychol, Amsterdam, Netherlands EMGO Inst Hlth & Care Res, Amsterdam, Netherlands Parnassia Psychiat Inst, Dept Psychosis Res, the Hague, Netherlands Rivierduinen Psychiat Inst, Leiden, Netherlands Grp Hosp Mondor, AP HP, Creteil, France Hop Henri Mondor, INSERM, U955, Equipe 15, F-94010 Creteil, France Univ Paris Est, Fac Med, Creteil, France Fdn Fondamental, Creteil, France CMP B CHU, F-63003 Clermont Ferrand 1, France Univ Auvergne, EA 7280, Clermont Ferrand, France EPS Maison Blanche, Paris, France UPC KU Leuven, Dept Neurosci, UPC, Kortenberg, Belgium UPC, Dept Neurosci, Res Grp Psychiat, Leuven, Belgium Katholieke Univ Leuven, Univ Hosp Gasthuisberg, Dept Human Genet, Leuven, Belgium Assoc Sci Res Multiple Births, Ghent, Belgium Univ Ghent, Dept Neurol, Ghent Univ Hosp, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium Univ Athens, Sch Med, Eginit Hosp, Athens 11528, Greece Med Univ Vienna, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Vienna, Austria Psychiat Univ Clin Basel, Ctr Gender Res & Early Detect, Basel, Switzerland Psychiat Univ Clin Basel, Diagnost & Crisis Intervent Ctr, Basel, Switzerland Univ Cologne, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, D-50931 Cologne, Germany Univ Hong Kong, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Ctr Genom Sci, State Key Lab Brain & Cognit Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Univ Hong Kong, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Dept Psychiat, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Univ Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hosp, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, State Key Lab Brain & Cognit Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Univ Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hosp, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Dept Psychiat, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Univ Basque Country, Univ Deusto, Interuniv Chair Law & Human Genome Prov Govt Bisk, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain Univ Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England UCL, Div Psychiat, London, England Royal Coll Surgeons Ireland, Beaumont Hosp, Educ & Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Dublin 9, Ireland Univ Munich, Dept Psychiat, Div Mol & Clin Neurobiol, Munich, Germany Univ Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorium, Psychiat Unit, Dept Med & Surg Sci, Bologna, Italy Univ Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorium, Genet Unit, Dept Med & Surg Sci, Bologna, Italy Local Hlth Trust, Dept Mental Hlth & Pathol Addict, Bologna, Italy Univ Palermo, Sect Psychiat, Dept Expt Biomed & Clin Neurosci, Palermo, Italy P Giaccone Gen Hosp, Unit Psychiat, Palermo, Italy Univ Melbourne, Ctr Youth Mental Hlth, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Neuropsychiat Ctr, Carlton, Vic, Australia Univ São Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Med Prevent, BR-01246903 São Paulo, Brazil Univ São Paulo, Nucleo Pesquina Saude Mental Populac, São Paulo, Brazil Univ São Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Dept Neurociencias & Ciencias Comportamento, BR-14049 Ribeirao Preto, Brazil Univ Verona, Sect Psychiat, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, I-37100 Verona, Italy Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Res Unit, Mental Hlth Ctr Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Univ Paris 05, Fac Med, Serv Hosp Univ, Hop St Anne, Paris, France Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Psicol Clin & Salut, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain St Pere Claver Fundacio Sanitaria, Dept Salut Mental, Barcelona, Spain Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA CIBERSAM, Spanish Mental Hlth Res Network, Barcelona, Spain Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psychiat, PRISMA Early Intervent Program, São Paulo, Brazil Univ Belgrade, Sch Med, Beograd, Serbia Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psychiat, PRISMA Early Intervent Program, São Paulo, Brazil European Community: HEALTH-F2-2009-241909 Web of Science

We aimed to evaluate the relation between the crimes committed, and the childhood behavioral problems, current clinical characteristics and anger levels of patients with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). One hundred and fifty-three patients with ASPD were enrolled. The diagnosis was made according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV criteria. DSM-IV conduct disorder criteria and life history inventory was used to assess childhood characteristics. The State-Trait Anger Scale (STAS) was used to assess experience, expression, and control of anger. The main differences between crime groups were as follows: A head trauma history was more frequent in ASPD patients who had a crime history of physical assault. Loss of a parent in childhood was more frequent in individuals who committed burglary. Divorce or separation of the parents in childhood was more frequent in those who committed murder. The usage of weapons in fight during childhood was significantly higher in those who committed murder and aggravated assault. According to STAS scores, the anger control scores were significantly lower in those who committed murder. Childhood and behavioral characteristics of ASPD patients is not homogenous. There is a need for further studies to demonstrate these differences and make a new classification for ASPD. [JCBPR 2016; 5(1.000): 13-21]