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We integrate the job characteristics and dual work passion models to explore the indirect (via work meaningfulness) effects of job characteristics (i.e., job autonomy, task identity, skill variety, task significance, feedback from the job and feedback from others) on two types of work passion, harmonious passion (HP) and obsessive passion (OP). We first advance occupation‐specific predictions for job characteristics‐to‐work passion relationships and then explore differences in those relationships between HP and OP across four occupational sectors: knowledge work (n = 201), blue‐collar work (n = 148), nonprofit work (n = 141), and managerial work (n = 133). Our findings demonstrate that job characteristics are important drivers of work passion. However, our key discovery is that the motivational impact of the job characteristics is not universally applicable but rather depends on the specific occupational context and whether passion is harmonious or obsessive. We therefore conclude that when it comes to translating job characteristics into work passion, the one‐size‐fits‐all approach is not appropriate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explore the relationship between dimensions of collegiate sport club experiences and the development of harmonious and obsessive passions. A measure of serious leisure qualities was employed to assess members' systematic pursuit with both the sporting and social facets of clubs. Dual passions signify contrasting psychological inclinations arising from optimal and excessive engagement, respectively. Online surveys were administered to collegiate sport club members from two universities. Completed responses from 145 individuals were included for analysis. Regression models revealed that identification and personal rewards facilitated harmonious passion. Notably, no serious leisure qualities fostered obsessive passion, but weekly practice hours did. Our results suggest that club members' development of their identities and meanings to clubs are crucial to foster an optimal club experience. This finding adds knowledge to recent literature concerning club factors and mechanisms enhancing personal development and successful club operations. Moreover, the exploration of obsessive passion also underscores the needs to further examine the factors that drive members to overly engage in sport clubs. Future research utilising the concept of dual passions can help elucidate the psychological processes club members undergo in balancing their club commitments with other aspects of their lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research was to test if the ways sport fans felt while supporting their favourite teams – both in terms of typical feelings and changes in feelings over time – were associated with different combinations of harmonious passion (HP) and obsessive passion (OP) for being a sports fan. We conducted two studies in which fans reported how they typically felt while watching their favourite teams (Study 1, N = 430), and how they were feeling at three time points throughout an 8-month season (Study 2, N = 418). The results showed that the most adaptive fan outcomes (i.e., low negative feelings, high positive feelings and enjoyment) were associated with high HP combined with low OP. In contrast, the least adaptive fan outcomes (i.e., high negative feelings, low positive feelings and enjoyment) were associated with low HP combined with high OP. These results help us understand more about how the feelings of sports fans are shaped by combinations of HP and OP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Video game play is a pervasive behavior, and researchers suggest there may be both adaptive and maladaptive consequences of gaming. Using Self-Determination Theory and the Dualistic Model of Passion frameworks, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between passion, psychological needs, and problematic gaming. Across two studies and an integrative data analysis (IDA) that pooled the data of Studies 1 and 2, we hypothesized that (H1) greater psychological need frustration would be indirectly related to greater problematic gaming through greater obsessive passion and that (H2) greater psychological need satisfaction would be indirectly related to lower problematic video gaming via greater harmonious passion. We also tested alternative models in which passion (harmonious and obsessive) were related problematic gaming through to psychological needs (satisfaction and frustration). Across the two studies and IDA, we found that psychological need frustration was associated problematic gaming via obsessive passion, supporting our first hypothesis. Similarly, our alternative model also indicated that obsessive passion was related to problematic gaming via psychological need frustration in all three studies. In contrast, we did not find support for hypothesis two in either study and the IDA as psychological need satisfaction was not associated with lower problematic gaming via harmonious passion. In fact, we found that in Studies 1 and 2 as well as the IDA, psychological need frustration was related to problematic gaming through harmonious passion. Our results suggest that psychological need frustration and obsessive passion may be more important indicators of problem gaming compared to psychological need satisfaction and harmonious passion. Therefore, efforts to mitigate psychological need frustration in daily life and obsessive passion for gaming may be critical for reducing problem gaming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of this study is to investigate the influence of employees' passion on emotional exhaustion. Additionally, it explores the mediating role of negative emotions between employees' Passion and emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, this study is grounded in self-determination theory (Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The what and why of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological inquiry, 11(4), 227–268.). The data were collected from public sector educational institutes in Zhejiang Province, China. The sample size for this study was (n = 300), comprising teaching and non-teaching staff. A standard questionnaire was utilized for data collection. The average age of the respondents was 39.45 years, SD = 0.98, and Mean = 2.95. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to validate the scales. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted for confirmatory analysis and to examine direct and indirect paths. The results of structural equation modeling indicate that harmonious passion (HP) has a negative and significant association with emotional exhaustion (EE), whereas obsessive passion (OP) has a positive and significant association with emotional exhaustion (EE). The direct path from employee passion to negative emotions (NE) shows that harmonious passion (HP) has a negative and significant association with negative emotions. In contrast, obsessive passion (OP) has a positive and significant association with negative emotions. The direct path from negative emotions (NE) to emotional exhaustion (EE) also shows a positive and significant association. Indirect path results reveal that negative emotions (NE) significantly intervene in the association between obsessive passion (OP) and emotional exhaustion (EE), while no mediation was found for harmonious passion (HP) and emotional exhaustion (EE). This study contributes significantly to the field of organizational behavior and psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing literature has primarily examined how to promote customer-oriented organizational citizenship behavior (CO-OCB) in the hospitality and tourism industries, the influencing factors that drive such behaviors in the gig economy remain unclear. This study investigates the impact of gamification on the CO-OCB of gig workers and takes into account the mediators of harmonious and obsessive passion, as well as the moderating role of perceived algorithmic control. Using a time-lagged questionnaire survey design to collect data from a sample of 419 gig workers from various platforms in China, hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to test the proposed hypotheses. The results indicate that gamification affects CO-OCB positively through workers' harmonious passion but negatively through obsessive passion. Additionally, perceived algorithmic control negatively moderates the relationship between gamification and harmonious passion and positively moderates the relationship between gamification and obsessive passion. Our findings reveal the pros and cons of gamification and the importance of recognizing work passion and perceived algorithmic control in the relationship between gamification and CO-OCB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies have found that leader humor exerts an impact on employees' affection and cognition, thus promoting innovative behavior. However, the effectiveness of leaders in activating employees' motivation to innovate through the expression of humor, especially in stressful situations, is still unknown. Drawing on the Conservation of Resources theory and Emotional Contagion theory, we explore how leaders use humor to stimulate harmonious passion of employees and promote innovative behavior under two typical stressful situations of high performance expectation and team relationship conflict. The cross-level moderated mediation model is tested using data collected from 458 employees and 99 supervisors in 10 manufacturing companies in the Yangtze River Delta region of China. Our findings reveal that leader humor positively affects employee innovative behavior by fostering greater harmonious passion. Additionally, we discover that the effect of leader humor on harmonious passion is enhanced when employees are faced with higher performance expectation and greater team relationship conflict, which in turn generates more innovative behaviors. Our study focuses on the social attributes of leader humor, enriches the research on leader humor expression in stressful situations and unveils the effective pathway to promote employee innovative behavior from a motivational perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aims to explore the potential mechanisms underlying the influence of doctor-patient relationship on pediatricians' altruistic purpose. We hypothesized and tested the mediating effect of turnover intention and the moderating effects of harmonious and obsessive passion respectively. Method: Data for this study came from surveys of 1,361 pediatricians in China. The study utilized mediation regression analysis to investigate the effect of doctor-patient relationship on pediatricians' altruistic purpose. Results: The results indicated that the quality of doctor-patient relationship had a positive predictive effect on the altruistic purpose of pediatricians. Furthermore, turnover intention played a significant mediating role between doctor-patient relationship and pediatricians' altruistic purpose. The results also indicated that harmonious passion negatively moderated the effect of turnover intention on pediatricians' altruistic purpose; in comparison, obsessive passion did not play a significant moderating role. Conclusions: This study's results can inform interventions for improving the quality of medical services, especially for addressing safety issues related to outgoing pediatricians' work handover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research sought to test the overarching hypothesis that the happiest people, that is, people with the highest level of psychological well-being, are those (1) who experience the highest levels of passion (and especially harmonious passion) in several enjoyable everyday life activities, and (2) who display higher levels of autonomous regulation for less enjoyable activities such as chores and duties. Results of two studies (Study 1, N = 260; Study 2, N = 392) provided support for this hypothesis. Furthermore, results from three additional studies (Study 3, N = 251; Study 4, N = 526; Study 5, N = 255) showed that positive affect represents the key mediating processes between harmonious passion and autonomous regulation on the one hand and psychological well-being on the other. Conversely, negative affect mediated the negative relationship between obsessive passion and controlled regulation and well-being. Finally, Studies 4 and 5 also showed that the autonomous global orientation (Guay et al., 2003) is a major determinant of harmonious passion and autonomous regulation for engaging in chores and duties, whereas the controlled global orientation serves as a determinant of obsessive passion and controlled regulation. This research represents a significant advancement in integrating the perspectives of passion, self-regulation, and affect, contributing to our understanding of how individuals' engagement in life activities influences their psychological well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We tested if distinct combinations of harmonious passion and obsessive passion for sport were associated with outcomes within sport, academics, and in one's life. We analysed data from the Student-athlete Well-being and Achievement Project (SWAP), a study in which intercollegiate student-athletes (N = 298) completed assessments of harmonious and obsessive passion at the start of a season, and assessments of performance, experiences, and satisfaction in sport, academics, and in life at the end of a season. Results showed that high harmonious passion combined with low obsessive passion (i.e., pure harmonious passion) was most often associated with the most adaptive outcomes, whereas high obsessive passion combined with low harmonious passion (i.e., pure obsessive passion) was associated with the least adaptive outcomes. These results build on previous research with recreational athletes [Schellenberg, B. J. I., Verner-Filion, J., Gaudreau, P., & Mbabaali, S. 2021. The two dimensions of passion for sport: A new look using a quadripartite approach. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 43(6), 459–476. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2021-0048] by showing the benefits of pursuing competitive sport with high harmonious passion, especially pure harmonious passion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: During the critical formative years of college, active participation in sports not only helps to alleviate stress, but also promotes the development of healthy habits. Although the multifaceted benefits of exercise have been widely recognized, there is a relative dearth of research on the relationship between personality traits, particularly college students' self-oriented perfectionism (SOP), and exercise participation. Methods: A questionnaire survey of 374 college students was conducted using the snowball sampling method. SPSS 26.0 and Mplus 8.3 were employed in this study to analyze the correlations between the variables, and on this basis, the effect of SOP on exercise participation was examined. The study also used 5,000 bootstrap samples and a 95% bias-corrected confidence interval to test the significance of the mediating effects. Results: Correlation analysis showed that SOP was positively correlated with exercise participation. Harmonious passion and obsessive passion were positively correlated with SOP, and exercise participation. Further, the results of structural equation analysis revealed that SOP increased exercise participation. Harmonious passion and obsessive passion positively mediated the effect between SOP and exercise participation, respectively. Conclusion: This study provides new perspectives to better understand college students' exercise participation, emphasizing the importance of SOP and its influence on exercise participation through harmonious and obsessive passions. These findings have important implications for the development of effective exercise promotion strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integrating social information processing theory with self-determination theory, we explored the negative influence towards employee creativity from supervisor bottom-line mentality (BLM), which refers to a one-dimensional mindset solely focusing on bottom-line outcomes and neglecting other considerations. By introducing harmonious passion as a potential mechanism beneath the relationship, we proposed that supervisor BLM may deliver information about exclusively pursuing the bottom line and hinder employees from internalization of work activities into their identities, hence weakening their harmoniously passionate motivation at work and in turn impairing their creativity. We further probed humble leadership from behavioral perspective as a boundary condition of such negative influence, referring to supervisors' admitting their weaknesses and acknowledging employees' contributions as well as keeping open for new ideas. When supervisors present more humble leadership behaviors, the impeded internalization of employees may be recovered to some extent and the negative relationship between supervisor BLM and employee harmonious passion would be mitigated. An overall moderated mediation was proposed in our research model that humble leadership buffered the indirect effect from supervisor BLM to employee creativity. Our hypotheses were generally supported by a multi-wave survey data collected from an online platform. Theoretical contributions and practical implications of the study are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Passion for studying can be considered a significant factor that promotes well-being and mental health in students. This study aimed to examine whether the psychological characteristics of students with a passion for studying differed from those of students without one. To compare these two groups, we used a set of different psychological variables (e.g., academic burnout and vitality), as well as integrated both person-centered (i.e., group comparison research) and variable-centered (i.e., correlational analysis) approaches. During classes, one hundred and fifty-four students from a Polish university completed a comprehensive set of short self-report questionnaires online on different psychological characteristics, including variables related to studying (i.e., passion for studying, academic burnout, and general academic self-efficacy), psychopathology symptoms, perceived stress and somatic complaints, as well as personal resources (vitality, resilience, self-esteem, and optimism). We noted multiple statistically significant differences in psychological characteristics between the two studied groups of students. Thus, harmonious passionate students tended to have more favorable psychological characteristics within variables related to studying, mental or somatic health symptoms, and personal resources compared to the non-passionate students. A harmonious passion for studying seems to have potential health-promoting and health-protecting effects, whereas a lack of passion for studying may lead to less favorable outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sport psychology research of ultra-endurance (UE) athletes focused predominantly on their psychological characteristics, traits, and behaviors. However, their happiness and passion, as well as a unified framework for UE hobby phenomenon, were not sufficiently investigated. This study aims to: (1) identify the main contributors to happiness and passion of non-professional UE athletes; and (2) explore the possible relationships between types of sport passion, motivation, and athletic identity. During data collection, 116 non-professional UE athletes (mean age 43.66 years, SD = 8.97, 16.4% female) responded to an online questionnaire. Statistical analyses revealed that obsessive UE passion (p < 0.05) and amotivation (p < 0.05) predicted lower levels of happiness. A higher level of obsessive passion was predicted by extrinsic motivation (p < 0.005), amotivation (p < 0.05), and exclusivity identity (p < 0.001); a lower level was predicted by social identity (p < 0.05) and years in sports (p < 0.05). Weekly training hours and age correlated positively with passion strength, while amotivation was strongly negatively related to training volume. These results indicate that happiness of UE athletes depends on the type of sport passion formed and the quality of the underlying motivation: obsessive passion and amotivation seem to be the main enemies of happiness for UE athletes. This novel finding connecting passion, happiness, and motivation contributes to both a better understanding of the psychology of UE athletes and has practical implications for UE athletes, coaches, athletes' social circles, and sport psychologists. Due to known maladaptive outcomes of obsessive passion, including its negative impact on overall well-being, health, and now also on happiness, its formation in UE athletes needs to be observed and prevented. While the study shows predictors of obsessive passion and high vs. low obsessive passion, future research should investigate how harmonious passion impacts athletes' happiness, motivation, and identity. Likewise, research among the UE entourage would help to better understand the social impact of UE as a serious hobby and the formation of UE lifestyles. We also suggest our Temporal Framework for Progressive UE Engagement and Passion, which was further developed based on the results of this study, to be used and validated by sport psychologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines how passion affects an entrepreneur's business failure experiences. Our study explores the link between the type of passion an entrepreneur exhibits and the effect this has on the entrepreneurs' attitudes and reactions to business failure. We analyse the way in which passion type informs entrepreneurs identification with their business, and the entrepreneurial process. Entrepreneurs who experienced harmonious passion maintained an emotional distance from their business failure. Harmoniously passionate entrepreneurs had a rational perspective and were reflective, self-aware, adaptive and future oriented. Entrepreneurs who experienced obsessive passion, were defensive and reactionary about their business failure. Obsessively passionate entrepreneurs attached contingencies and experienced increased stress and conflict. Our findings suggest promising opportunities for future research on the interplay between heterogeneous passions, adaptive/maladaptive entrepreneurial action and regulated goal pursuit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Dualistic Model of Passion (DMP) divides passion into two categories: Harmonious Passion and Obsessive Passion. These categories are based on how individuals internalize their activities, and they have different characteristics and roles. Harmonious Passion is generally considered healthier and more stable than Obsessive Passion, and it has a more positive impact on the individual. Over the last two decades, the DMP and the Dualistic Scale of Passion(DSP) have been commonly used to examine the effects of Harmonious Passion and Obsessive Passion on individual achievement and burnout in the domains of work, study, and sport et al. Future research could integrate perseverance and passion to develop a scale that better predicts individual achievement. Furthermore, researchers could investigate additional techniques for intervening in passion based on the dynamic variability of passion, using autonomy as a starting point to regulate the type and intensity of passion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the construct of passion as well as its consequences on people's functioning and resilience. First, the concept of passion is introduced briefly, followed by a presentation of the dualistic model of passion, the dominant theory on passion and associated research. The dualistic model of passion posits that harmonious passion, a type of passion that is well-integrated into one's life and identity, leads to adaptive outcomes. Conversely, obsessive passion, an all-consuming type of passion, leads to less adaptive, and at times maladaptive, outcomes. Results of two lines of research on the role of passion in the resilience process provide additional support for the dualistic model of passion. The article concludes with suggestions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report on a study that examines the effects of type of leisure passion (harmonious vs. obsessive passion) on leisure engagement diversity, which in turn contributes to leisure wellbeing. This study also tests whether the relationship between engagement diversity and leisure wellbeing is moderated by participants' age. Our study involved a survey of leisure sport participants in Korea (n = 501), and the results indicate that harmonious passion increases diversity in leisure engagement, which enhances wellbeing, especially for the young. This study also demonstrated that obsessive passion decreases diversity in leisure engagement which, in turn, decreases leisure wellbeing, especially for the young. Decreased diversity did not have a significant negative impact on leisure wellbeing for the old. The study findings also indicate that satisfaction in other life domains (family, job, and health) spills over unto leisure life to influence leisure wellbeing, as predicted. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Harmonious passion refers to engaging in an activity out of personal volition and sense of meaning, which motivates individuals to devote substantial time and energy while internalizing the activity as part of their identity, and it underpins the promotion of sustainable behaviors and mindsets. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between harmonious passion and academic achievement among university students in higher education, as well as the mediating role of exploratory and exploitative learning behaviors in this association. Exploratory learning involves seeking new knowledge and skills, whereas exploitative learning involves refining and applying existing knowledge and skills. Data were collected from 528 university students across multiple institutions in China. Using structural equation modeling and multiple regression analysis, results revealed that harmonious passion had a significant positive effect on academic achievement. Furthermore, exploratory and exploitative learning played a chain-mediated role in the relationship. These findings provide insights into how harmonious passion could promote students' academic success in the context of innovation-driven and socially sustainable development, via the facilitation of sustainable learning strategies. Therefore, this study has broader implications for personal and societal sustainability, by emphasizing the role of harmonious passion and sustainable learning strategies in enhancing academic achievement and, ultimately, contributing to a more sustainable society.

Athletes can respond to positive experiences in sport by engaging in savoring—that is, by attempting to prolong or amplify their positive feelings. In this research, the authors tested if savoring was predicted by levels of harmonious or obsessive passion for sport and if savoring was associated with symptoms of burnout. In Study 1 (n = 499), the authors found that savoring was positively associated with harmonious passion and negatively associated with obsessive passion. In addition, savoring predicted lower levels of burnout and played an indirect role in the relationship between both passion types and burnout. The authors replicated these findings in Study 2 (n = 298), with collegiate-level athletes, prospectively, over the course of a season. Overall, athletes with strong levels of harmonious passion appear to be most likely to engage in savoring, a response that may protect them from experiencing higher levels of burnout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research relying on the dualistic model of passion has consistently found that harmonious passion for sport is positively associated with adaptive outcomes and that obsessive passion for sport is positively associated with maladaptive outcomes. In this research, we tested if various sport outcomes were related to within-person combinations of both harmonious and obsessive passion. Three samples of athletes (total N = 1,290) completed online surveys that assessed various sport outcomes (e.g., sport enjoyment, goal attainment), along with harmonious and obsessive passion for their sport. We found that athletes were best served by having either high harmonious passion or low obsessive passion or, in many cases, high harmonious passion that was combined with low obsessive passion. These results add to our understanding of passion by showing that combinations of harmonious and obsessive passion for sport are differentially associated with indicators of a positive sport experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Abundant studies have pointed out that perfectionism and passion are interrelated and that they both can influence performance in a variety of contexts, including sports, however, research on how these variables interact and might affect performance in team sports, such as soccer, is still scarce. The aim of this study is to analyze differences in perfectionism and passion between under-23 years-old (U23) and older semi-professional soccer players, as well as to study the possible relationship between these two psychological variables. Methods: Participants (N = 130 healthy semi-professional Spanish soccer players) were divided into two equivalent groups according to the participants age, U23 (N = 65; 21.58 ± 1.91 years) and older than 24 years (N = 65; 30.03 ± 3.72 years) and completed self-reports on perfectionism and passion. Results: Independent samples t-test determined significant differences between the U23 Group and the >24 Group in perfectionism global score and concern over mistakes (maladaptive perfectionism), and in time, value, and passion. Multiple regression analyses revealed that obsessive passion predicted maladaptive subdimensions of perfectionism, while harmonious passion predicted adaptive perfectionism. Discussion: U23 soccer players show higher levels of maladaptive perfectionism, time, value, and passion in relation with soccer than older players, probably because at this stage pressure to become professionals and to develop their technical, tactical, and physical skills is higher than in later stages. Conclusion: Identifying differences between different age groups can help professionals in tailoring their interventions and strategies to address the specific needs of athletes at different stages of development more effectively, and to optimize mental focus, reduce stress, to promote a healthy mindset for optimal performance in soccer players, furthermore, the study of moderating effects of factors such as team dynamics or coaching styles on these constructs is advised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People are often passionate about different activities in their lives. This study examined the role of multiple passions in psychosomatic health (i.e., subjective vitality and somatic symptoms) using variable-centered and person-centered approaches. Our sample consisted of 267 Polish adults, who filled out the measures on harmonious passion (HP), obsessive passion (OP), subjective vitality as a trait, and somatic symptoms in four categories (exhaustion, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and cardiovascular complaints). In general, HP showed protective properties against individual somatic complaints, whereas OP was associated with higher levels of somatic symptoms, chiefly cardiovascular complaints. We highlighted that, unlike the first passion, the second passion can explain the differences in well-being and ill-being. Our study indicated the moderate health-promoting effects of HP, and the moderate-to-strong adverse effects of OP on somatic health. Having multiple passions of obsessive nature may be harmful for somatic health. In order to be healthy, prevention of the development of multiple passions with high obsessive levels seems to be a priority. Potential psychosomatic pathways were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the analysis of entrepreneurial motivation, passion is one of the factors currently receiving attention, since passion drives the emotional experience towards the creative process, applying talent more effectively, which would facilitate entrepreneurial motivation. The opposite occurs with the fear of failure, which has a negative impact on entrepreneurial motivation, since perceptions of obtaining good results in the activity to be started are reduced. The objective of the paper is to analyze the behavior of passion and the fear of failure in entrepreneurial business, showing the economic and cultural factors that influence this process. For this purpose, the dualistic model of passion will be used. This model considers two opposing forms of passion: obsessive passion and harmonious passion. In order to complete the study, an empirical analysis has been carried out using data from 23 OECD countries utilizing the structural equation model (SEM) that has been estimated using the partial least squares technique (PLS). The model results indicate that obsessive passion influences entrepreneurial motivation to a greater extent than harmonious passion, which would imply that entrepreneurial motivation may be reduced as the economy presents worse expectations about its evolution. In this context, it is also important to consider the effects that a pandemic situation may have on entrepreneurial motivation and in order to avoid the negative effects and be able to take advantage of business opportunities it is necessary to facilitate financing that favor the entrepreneurial environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People are often passionate about different activities in their lives. This study examined the role of multiple passions in psychosomatic health (i.e., subjective vitality and somatic symptoms) using variable-centered and person-centered approaches. Our sample consisted of 267 Polish adults, who filled out the measures on harmonious passion (HP), obsessive passion (OP), subjective vitality as a trait, and somatic symptoms in four categories (exhaustion, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and cardiovascular complaints). In general, HP showed protective properties against individual somatic complaints, whereas OP was associated with higher levels of somatic symptoms, chiefly cardiovascular complaints. We highlighted that, unlike the first passion, the second passion can explain the differences in well-being and ill-being. Our study indicated the moderate health-promoting effects of HP, and the moderate-to-strong adverse effects of OP on somatic health. Having multiple passions of obsessive nature may be harmful for somatic health. In order to be healthy, prevention of the development of multiple passions with high obsessive levels seems to be a priority. Potential psychosomatic pathways were discussed.

Study purpose. The aim of this study is to analyse differences in perfectionism and passion and how these variables interact and might be expected to affect performance in U21 and U23 soccer players. Materials and methods. A total of 60 healthy semi-professional soccer players (age: 21.57±1.95 years; height: 179.76±5.79 cm) participated in the study. The participants were divided into two equal groups, one with those players younger than 21 years old and the other including players aged 21–23. This study was descriptive with a cross-sectional design and used the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) and Passion Scale questionnaires. Results. A paired-samples t-test was used for defining differences as a repeated measures analysis (U21 Group and U23 Group). Additionally, a t-test with data from the FMPS revealed significant differences in perfectionism global score, concern over mistakes, parental expectations, parental criticism, doubts about actions and organization. The participants were shown to be a heterogeneous group in both perfectionism and passion, with moderate perfectionistic characteristics, except for the personal standards subscale, in which the opposite trend was found. According to the outcomes obtained, the U21 group shows significant values in terms of the level of perfectionism. Conclusions. This research has highlighted the importance of addressing maladaptive perfectionism in interventions and support programs for athletes. Strategies such as promoting a growth mindset, encouraging self-compassion, and fostering a supportive and mastery-oriented environment have been suggested to help athletes manage perfectionistic tendencies and enhance their well-being and performance.

Previous research has shown that the highs and lows of sport fandom are more extreme for fans with strong levels of obsessive passion. The authors tested if this amplification effect applied to how hockey fans felt throughout a National Hockey League (NHL) playoff series. Fans of the Winnipeg Jets (N = 57) reported levels of harmonious and obsessive passion prior to the start of the 2019 NHL playoffs and then reported their feelings the day after each game of the first playoff round. The results supported the amplification hypothesis by showing that the impact of game result on both positive and negative feelings the day after a game was more extreme for fans with high obsessive passion. This moderating effect, however, appeared to be driven primarily by responses to losses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Passion for studying can be considered a significant factor that promotes well-being and mental health in students. This study aimed to examine whether the psychological characteristics of students with a passion for studying differed from those of students without one. To compare these two groups, we used a set of different psychological variables (e.g., academic burnout and vitality), as well as integrated both person-centered (i.e., group comparison research) and variable-centered (i.e., correlational analysis) approaches. During classes, one hundred and fifty-four students from a Polish university completed a comprehensive set of short self-report questionnaires online on different psychological characteristics, including variables related to studying (i.e., passion for studying, academic burnout, and general academic self-efficacy), psychopathology symptoms, perceived stress and somatic complaints, as well as personal resources (vitality, resilience, self-esteem, and optimism). We noted multiple statistically significant differences in psychological characteristics between the two studied groups of students. Thus, harmonious passionate students tended to have more favorable psychological characteristics within variables related to studying, mental or somatic health symptoms, and personal resources compared to the non-passionate students. A harmonious passion for studying seems to have potential health-promoting and health-protecting effects, whereas a lack of passion for studying may lead to less favorable outcomes.

Sport psychology research of ultra-endurance (UE) athletes focused predominantly on their psychological characteristics, traits, and behaviors. However, their happiness and passion, as well as a unified framework for UE hobby phenomenon, were not sufficiently investigated. This study aims to: (1) identify the main contributors to happiness and passion of non-professional UE athletes; and (2) explore the possible relationships between types of sport passion, motivation, and athletic identity. During data collection, 116 non-professional UE athletes (mean age 43.66 years, SD = 8.97, 16.4% female) responded to an online questionnaire. Statistical analyses revealed that obsessive UE passion (p < 0.05) and amotivation (p < 0.05) predicted lower levels of happiness. A higher level of obsessive passion was predicted by extrinsic motivation (p < 0.005), amotivation (p < 0.05), and exclusivity identity (p < 0.001); a lower level was predicted by social identity (p < 0.05) and years in sports (p < 0.05). Weekly training hours and age correlated positively with passion strength, while amotivation was strongly negatively related to training volume. These results indicate that happiness of UE athletes depends on the type of sport passion formed and the quality of the underlying motivation: obsessive passion and amotivation seem to be the main enemies of happiness for UE athletes. This novel finding connecting passion, happiness, and motivation contributes to both a better understanding of the psychology of UE athletes and has practical implications for UE athletes, coaches, athletes’ social circles, and sport psychologists. Due to known maladaptive outcomes of obsessive passion, including its negative impact on overall well-being, health, and now also on happiness, its formation in UE athletes needs to be observed and prevented. While the study shows predictors of obsessive passion and high vs. low obsessive passion, future research should investigate how harmonious passion impacts athletes’ happiness, motivation, and identity. Likewise, research among the UE entourage would help to better understand the social impact of UE as a serious hobby and the formation of UE lifestyles. We also suggest our Temporal Framework for Progressive UE Engagement and Passion, which was further developed based on the results of this study, to be used and validated by sport psychologists.

AimAbundant studies have pointed out that perfectionism and passion are interrelated and that they both can influence performance in a variety of contexts, including sports, however, research on how these variables interact and might affect performance in team sports, such as soccer, is still scarce. The aim of this study is to analyze differences in perfectionism and passion between under-23 years-old (U23) and older semi-professional soccer players, as well as to study the possible relationship between these two psychological variables.MethodsParticipants (N = 130 healthy semi-professional Spanish soccer players) were divided into two equivalent groups according to the participants age, U23 (N = 65; 21.58 ± 1.91 years) and older than 24 years (N = 65; 30.03 ± 3.72 years) and completed self-reports on perfectionism and passion.ResultsIndependent samples t-test determined significant differences between the U23 Group and the >24 Group in perfectionism global score and concern over mistakes (maladaptive perfectionism), and in time, value, and passion. Multiple regression analyses revealed that obsessive passion predicted maladaptive subdimensions of perfectionism, while harmonious passion predicted adaptive perfectionism.DiscussionU23 soccer players show higher levels of maladaptive perfectionism, time, value, and passion in relation with soccer than older players, probably because at this stage pressure to become professionals and to develop their technical, tactical, and physical skills is higher than in later stages.ConclusionIdentifying differences between different age groups can help professionals in tailoring their interventions and strategies to address the specific needs of athletes at different stages of development more effectively, and to optimize mental focus, reduce stress, to promote a healthy mindset for optimal performance in soccer players, furthermore, the study of moderating effects of factors such as team dynamics or coaching styles on these constructs is advised.

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Past research has shown that harmonious passion (HP) for work facilitates, and obsessive passion (OP) undermines, work and family outcomes. The current investigation is the first to test the quadripartite approach of passion (Schellenberg et al., Journal of Personality 87:163–180, 2019) with respect to work outcomes. In line with the Dualistic Model of Passion (Vallerand, 2015), the quadripartite approach posits that HP and OP lie on different continua thereby leading to the possibilities that they may have interactive effects. Two studies with large samples of workers (n = 5463 in Study 1; and n = 3642 in Study 2) were conducted to test this perspective. Results provided support for the quadripartite approach leading to a more nuanced analysis of the effects of HP and OP. More specifically, pure HP was related to lower work-family conflict (Studies 1 and 2) and counterproductive work behaviors (Study 2) than pure OP, mixed passion, and non-passion. Pure OP was also related to greater work-family conflict (Studies 1 and 2) and lower family life satisfaction (Study 2) than mixed passion and non-passion. These findings suggest that HP protects against the contributive role of OP in counterproductive work behaviors and work-family conflict, as well as against the negative effects of OP on family life satisfaction. Results are discussed in light of the passion literature and especially the quadripartite approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organizations require a dynamic and variant work environment to cope with the ever-changing high-tech global challenges, acute competition, and psychological issues. In addition, the covid-19 pandemic has caused devastation across the world. Lockdowns and government measures to restrict the spread of Covid-19 have far-reaching effects on the health and education sectors. Employees in the health and education sectors were surprised by the sudden crisis, which undermined conventional working procedures. Therefore, this study addresses two global issues: high-tech global challenges and covid-19 devastating effects on the health and education sectors. In the context of self-determination theory and theory of planned behavior, the psychological factors (e.g., psychological empowerment, Grit, paradox mindset, and harmonious Passion) and technological factors (for instance, Information and digital handling skills, Communication and collaboration skills and problem-solving skills) have been explored to augment the individual's innovative work behavior through a novel intellectual risk-taking pathway. Consequently, data comprising1611 responses collected through cross-sectional two-time lag from health and education sectors as well as multisource data obtained from their immediate seniors, reduce biases and provide practitioners and policymakers a new 'psycho-tech innovative work behavior model with the help of intellectual risk-taking pathway', which ultimately addresses the high tech global challenges and mitigates the effects of pandemics like Covid-19 and Omicron. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study purpose. The aim of this study is to analyse differences in perfectionism and passion and how these variables interact and might be expected to affect performance in U21 and U23 soccer players. Materials and methods. A total of 60 healthy semi-professional soccer players (age: 21.57±1.95 years; height: 179.76±5.79 cm) participated in the study. The participants were divided into two equal groups, one with those players younger than 21 years old and the other including players aged 21-23. This study was descriptive with a crosssectional design and used the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) and Passion Scale questionnaires. Results. A paired-samples t-test was used for defining differences as a repeated measures analysis (U21 Group and U23 Group). Additionally, a t-test with data from the FMPS revealed significant differences in perfectionism global score, concern over mistakes, parental expectations, parental criticism, doubts about actions and organization. The participants were shown to be a heterogeneous group in both perfectionism and passion, with moderate perfectionistic characteristics, except for the personal standards subscale, in which the opposite trend was found. According to the outcomes obtained, the U21 group shows significant values in terms of the level of perfectionism. Conclusions. This research has highlighted the importance of addressing maladaptive perfectionism in interventions and support programs for athletes. Strategies such as promoting a growth mindset, encouraging self-compassion, and fostering a supportive and mastery-oriented environment have been suggested to help athletes manage perfectionistic tendencies and enhance their well-being and performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this research was to test if the ways passionate sport fans respond immediately after an important team victory depend on the extent to which passion is harmonious or obsessive. Fans of Liverpool F.C. (n = 299) and the Winnipeg Blue Bombers (n = 334) completed online surveys shortly after their teams had won an important championship game. Fans answered questions assessing passion and the extent to which they engaged in savoring (i.e., attempting to maintain, augment, or prolong positive emotions) and dampening (i.e., attempting to stifle positive emotions) after the victory. In both samples, the authors found that both harmonious and obsessive passion predicted greater savoring, but only obsessive passion predicted greater dampening. These findings build on previous research and suggest an additional reason for which harmonious and obsessive passion among sport fans tend to predict more and less adaptive outcomes, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new construct of integrated temporal positivity—defined as the positive, adaptive, and dynamic use of the past, the present, and the future—is posited to promote optimal functioning. Based on the dualistic model of passion, the present research sought to test the hypothesis that harmonious passion, more than obsessive passion, triggers a higher use of integrated temporal positivity that, in turn, leads to one crucial type of sport performance, namely last-second performance. The results of 3 studies conducted with team-sport athletes (Study 1, n = 625; Study 2, n = 285; and Study 3, n = 263) provided clear support for the hypothesis. The results pave the way for future research focusing on the role of adaptive temporal processes in support of sport performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The scientific aim of the article is to learn the relationship between the integral human development and the development of harmonious passion (HP) and the human integral development and upbringing. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The research problem of the conducted research is contained in the question: What is the relationship between harmonious passion with the integral development of the educational entity. Answering this question enables the use of the hermeneutic method exploring the meaning of this phenomenological relationship. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The research process is epistemological in nature. It refers to the dualistic model of passion, particularly to the harmonious passion, and the integral human development. Noticing the correlation between the above-mentioned aspects can be a significant challenge for the teachers and students with their passionate attitude, discovering and forming their own identity. RESEARCH RESULTS: The analysis of the collected material indicated the importance of the development of a harmonious passion for the integral development of educational entities in the space of biological, psychological, social, cultural and spiritual life, and the formation of an autonomous identity. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Theoretical research in the abovementioned area can draw the educators’ attention to the harmonious passion seen in a multidimensional perspective, reflected in the educational activity, what needs revising and updating educational programs that stimulate the actualization of creative potential of educational entities. This can be used to get to know oneself, others and the world more deeply on the path of autonomous self-becoming.

In a world marked by exponential change, work demands are intensifying and becoming increasingly prominent in organizations’ reality. Work demands are stressors for the employees who must deal with these requests as they bring with them costs. Promoting these workers’ well-being at work is important as their level of comfort is closely related to how they will behave in the workplace. In this context, work passion is a fundamental factor in employees’ daily motivation to work well. This study tested a new approach to work demands, distinguishing between challenges and obstacles, exploring how they influence affective well-being at work when work passion is part of the equation. Individual workers also participate in how demands are formulated, which affects their level of well-being at the workplace. Data were collected with an online questionnaire administered to a sample of 515 participants who had been working in the same organization for at least 6 months. The results of multiple regression analysis show that the way demands are revealed influences what kind of work passion predominates and thus how much workers’ well-being at work is altered. Harmonious passion emerges as a personal resource that has the power to prevent negative affective states related to work from developing, while obsessive passion ends up putting even more demands on employees and having a stronger negative association with their affective well-being in the workplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grit is a non-cognitive trait that has received a lot of attention since researches highlights its significant importance in the field of education and wellbeing. Despite the advantages of grit in accomplishing goals, it can be dangerous. This research was carried out to shed light on the importance of non-monotonic impact of grit and aimed at developing and validating the grit scale for young adults of age between 16 and 24 years. Study comprised three phases. In Phase-1, set of items were generated using inductive and deductive approach. In Phase-II, exploratory factor analysis was carried out to examine the dimensionality and internal consistency of grit scale on a sample of 218 young adults using varimax rotation. The resulting Eigen values and scree plot provided evidence for the five factor solution with 22 items labeled as under use of perseverance, optimal use of perseverance, over use of perseverance, harmonious passion and obsessive passion. Findings revealed satisfactory alpha coefficients for the measure of grit. In Phase-III, the convergent and divergent validity of the scale was evaluated by correlating scores on the newly developed measure of grit and the measure of positive and negative affect schedule. The findings of the study could be helpful for the counsellors to employ more effective youth development programs for young adults on the basis of optimal level of perseverance and harmonious passion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The study aimed to construct indicators to measure emotion in distance learning environments by constructing a binary model of emotion to investigate the relationships between harmonious passion, emotional obsession, selfregulation, and knowledge management in distance learning environments. The sample of the study consisted of (322) male and female students studying for the educational diploma program in the distance education system at the Faculty of Education, Sohag University. The study used emotion in the distance learning scale, self-regulation in the distance learning scale, and knowledge management in the distance learning scale. These scales were prepared by the researcher. The results indicated that the students' practice of learning emotion processes, knowledge management, and organization in distance learning environments was higher than the average and that there were no statistically significant differences between the averages of students' responses to the study's scales due to gender and specialization, and there were statistically significant differences between the averages of students' responses to the scales according to the level of use of computers in favor of the excellent levels, and according to the computer courses acquired in favor of the advanced levels. There is also a significant correlation between the scale of emotion, self-regulation, and knowledge management, and the emotion of learning in its two parts (harmonious passion - and emotional obsession) had a statistically significant effect on the processes of self-regulation and knowledge management. After examining the structural relationships between harmonious passion, emotional obsession, self-regulation, and knowledge management in a distance-learning environment, the results of SEM analysis confirmed the validity of the proposed path model in this study, and that the proposed model is good, and that self-regulation plays an important role in the mediation between emotion and knowledge management. Harmonious passion and obsessive passion make a distinctive contribution to explaining individual differences in knowledge management through the mediating role of selfregulation in distance learning environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims to examine the predictive capacity that passion for studies and multidimensional academic procrastination have on burnout. The sample included 1648 first-year students at the National University of Distance Education (UNED). Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted in two blocks. The results reveal that both psychological processes influence burnout, but in distinct ways. Passion, particularly the harmonious type, acts as a protective factor, while the obsessive type has a slightly detrimental effect on all dimensions of burnout. The introduction of academic procrastination dimensions significantly enhances the predictive capacity of the model: core procrastination and work disengagement are positive predictors of burnout, while poor time management has a reverse effect concerning cynicism, functioning as a shield against detachment and devaluation of study. This study suggests new lines of research to address unresolved debates on academic procrastination and understand its impact on well-being, performance, and student dropout rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]