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This study reconstructs remittances from different regional haciendas to the main treasury of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, located in Buenos Aires, between 1800 and 1810. It estimates the extent and periodization of the decline of the situado of Potosí during the last colonial decade, determining whether the contributions from regional treasuries made up for it. It also estimates the impact of transfers on the regional treasuries. By drawing on the accounting books of various treasuries, the article identifies the main mechanisms that the Royal Treasury of Buenos Aires implemented to seize surplus resources of the viceroyalty’s interior haciendas at the end of the colonial period. The ability of the Royal Treasury to seize those surpluses was significant and implemented through various mechanisms of the ancien régime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Secuencia: Revista de Historia y Ciencias Sociales is the property of Instituto de Investigaciones - Dr. Jose M. Luis Mora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Departamento de Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Departamento de Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Secuencia: Revista de Historia y Ciencias Sociales is the property of Instituto de Investigaciones - Dr. Jose M. Luis Mora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: estudiar las alternativas productivas a la sequedad de las llanuras tolimenses entre 1870 y 1930 por parte de algunos hacendados emprendedores y miembros de la iglesia. Metodología: a partir de las memorias de los ministros y las cartas depositadas en El Agricultor, se reconstruyen los avatares económicos, políticos y tecnológicos que dificultaron la creación de sistemas de riego en el alto Magdalena. Originalidad: se evidencia que fue mucho más efectivo ampliar los predios hasta los ríos que conducir el agua hasta los predios, lejos de los argumentos que calificaron este comportamiento como irracional y precapitalista, y se comprueba que con el crecimiento de las haciendas los grandes propietarios lograron que sus predios incrementaran su precio de venta gracias a los derechos de riberanía conquistados y que las heredades se beneficiaron de un acceso al río, aunque, en la práctica, este fue un cambio notarial sin ninguna acción real contra la sequedad de los llanos. Conclusiones: la mejor alternativa para cambiar la composición de los suelos fue la construcción de obras de riego; sin embargo, esta solo fue una posibilidad real en el segundo tercio del siglo XX y, antes de esto, ni siquiera fue una necesidad económica, principalmente porque no había certeza sobre la capacidad del riego para transformar estos suelos y los hacendados no requirieron de obras hidráulicas para valorizar sus heredades.

Las antiguas haciendas henequeneras que funcionaron como centros productores de henequén y uno de los principales motores del desarrollo económico de la Península de Yucatán a finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX, e incidieron en una serie de transformaciones socioeconómicas y territoriales con el propósito de vincularse a un mercado global, hoy en día experimentan una reconversión simbólica y productiva en relación al uso de sus instalaciones y vestigios como parte de un proceso de revaloración patrimonial y activación turística. De ahí que el turismo de haciendas ha emergido como un nuevo nicho de consumo y una modalidad turística distintiva en el estado de Yucatán en el último decenio. En este tenor, a partir de considerar como objeto de estudio a las haciendas localizadas en la Reserva Ecológica de Cuxtal, el propósito de este trabajo es identificar los elementos que conforman el patrimonio arquitectónico-industrial henequenero y su conversión como recurso para el desarrollo del turismo de haciendas, a partir de los atributos que poseen, lo que influye en su puesta en valor, gracias a su singularidad como recurso turístico-patrimonial, su ubicación al interior de dicha reserva ecológica y la proximidad con la ciudad de Mérida, capital del estado.

Several centuries ago, the city of Guanajuato was divided into neighborhoods in which a beneficiation hacienda would be typically located. Various activities related to mining and metallurgy were characteristic for the region known for quicksilver and the casting of metals. With the passage of time, these beneficiation haciendas were subdivided, the families of the workers remained on farms adjacent to the big house (where the owner or head smelter would live), opening these spaces to the public to be visited and admired by tourists. In some cases, the land use changed, while in others it continued the predominant tradition. Another, no less important factor is the observable state of conservation. Although there are some buildings whose infrastructure does not receive proper attention, this has not affected the popularity enjoyed by the spaces in question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artículo busca analizar y situar el reciente auge de la actividad minera en las comunidades campesinas del distrito de Colquemarca (Cusco, Perú), como un proceso dentro de la trayectoria histórica del empoderamiento político campesino en la región sur andina del Perú. Sostenemos que existe una continuidad entre las luchas por la tierra impulsadas por las comunidades campesinas contra el régimen de hacienda en el siglo XX y las luchas por el acceso y usufructo del subsuelo en los territorios comunales que se llevan a cabo en la actualidad. Esta continuidad se basa en una pugna por el control del territorio que sigue dándose frente a la antigua élite local y a otros actores como el Estado peruano y las grandes empresas mineras, lo cual ha convertido este problema en un eje que articula la actividad política local. En ese sentido, las demandas por el derecho a explotar recursos territoriales –que se amplían, en este caso, desde la tierra a los minerales del subsuelo– son comprendidas por las familias y organizaciones comunales como formas de reivindicación y autodeterminación territorial locales, así como también expresiones de una lucha histórica por una mayor autonomía y soberanía.

En este artículo se analizan aspectos de la vida económica de la Compañía de Jesús al momento de su expulsión de la provincia de Santafé (Bogotá). Se estudian características del mercado interno jesuita, las relaciones entre el circuito hacienda-colegio, el funcionamiento y especialización de sus haciendas de ganado, y las tácticas que manejaban frente al mercado de la carne. Como objetivo se busca analizar algunas estrategias efectuadas por los jesuitas, quienes permitieron el desarrollo de la red económica en la Provincia de Santafé, activas al momento de su expulsión, en 1767. Para ello, se contrastan diferentes fuentes primarias de archivo que exponen cifras sobre la vida económica de los ignacianos. Se concluye con varios elementos que replantean la magnitud de los jesuitas neogranadinos y la mayor incidencia que tuvieron en la esfera ganadera y agrícola del virreinato.

This article addresses the way in which the peoples of Morelos adapted to a new legal system emanating from the 1857 Constitution, during the years prior to the Zapatista revolution. The resistance they manifested through legal fissures to preserve their community life is addressed. The case of Jovito Serrano de Yautepec is an example of the relationship that the residents maintained in the new model of justice that allowed them to generate various strategies to dispute the possession of their productive space against the haciendas and thereby strengthen their political consciousness becoming a direct antecedent of Zapatismo by involving various communities in the defense of their territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies memories of haciendas during the fiestas of Puyca (La Unión, Arequipa), a southern Andean village, and how some fiestas were redefined after the Land Reform. Based on the ethnographic case of the San Santiago fiesta, this article shows how the fiesta is a preferential context where hacienda memories are enunciated. The analysis of the discursive register used during fiestas, on the one hand, and the festive practices and structural changes in religious cargos, on the other hand, reveal much about the negotiations and actual power relations in Puyca.

The article analyzes interethnic conflicts in the former Jesuit haciendas of the Cúcuta Valley after the expulsion of the Jesuits in 1767. It examines the changes in the daily life of the slaves and the labor relations with the new owners. The cases of Juan Gregorio Almeida and Juan Antonio Villamizar as owners of the haciendas are mentioned. It also highlights the abusive treatment towards the slaves, the sale of sick and problematic slaves, and the lack of rights and inhumane conditions they were subjected to. The importance of further research on the lives of slaves in the region is emphasized. [Extracted from the article]

How did khipus—knotted cords that encode information—function within the economic systems of the postcolonial Andes? Best known as the method by which the Incas recorded administrative data, khipu use continued into the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Few studies of modern khipus, however, have analyzed how khipu cords were integrated with the institutions of the modern state, such as the hacienda. This article examines a set of modern khipus from the Island of the Sun in Bolivia. These khipus, which contain dried potatoes and beans, are the first ever known to include agricultural produce. Our analysis demonstrates how the circulation of khipu styles within the Island of the Sun was linked to hacienda production, underscoring the intimate relationship between khipus and hacienda culture. Modern herding and crop khipus did not arise out of a generalized Andean consciousness but were products of specific historical and economic circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La sociedad del siglo XVIII, en el Virreinato de la Nueva Granada y en las demás colonias españolas, era en su gran mayoría rural y campesina. El trabajo agrícola estaba ligado a los ciclos climáticos y se establecía una relación recíproca entre el entorno y la cultura debido a la incipiente tecnología. Conocer cuál fue la relación que establecieron los padres jesuitas con el medio ambiente para lograr un equilibrio y mayor productividad de las haciendas que poseían en el valle de Cúcuta, cuáles fueron las estrategias y los mecanismos tecnológicos utilizados para el desarrollo de la agricultura y la ganadería, y en qué medida adaptaron costumbres observadas en la región, son los objetivos del presente estudio. El tema será analizado con una visión interdisciplinaria que integra aspectos de la Nueva Historia y la Ecología Cultural. Se aplica la metodología cualitativa en el análisis de la documentación histórica existente en los archivos de Colombia sobre la Compañía de Jesús y las relaciones geográficas.

El artículo discute sobre un pequeño pueblo, Apan, situado dentro del estado de Hidalgo, México, conocido por la producción de la bebida alcohólica tradicional mexicana, Pulque y Haciendas históricas situadas en Apan, Hidalgo.

En el presente artículo se analizan los efectos de la Ley Agraria de 1915 en los sistemas de riego construidos por pueblos y haciendas. No obstante que la citada ley no ordenó la dotación de agua, los ejidatarios hicieron uso de ella, cuestión que generó varios conflictos entre usuarios. La discusión se aborda a través del estudio de uno de los latifundios más extensos de la región, la hacienda San Servando Tlahuelilpan, en suroeste del estado de Hidalgo. A través del estudio de documentos históricos y resoluciones presidenciales con las que se concedieron ejidos, se concluye que la reforma agraria abrió la puerta a demandas de afectados no solo con la expropiación de tierras sino también con la apropiación del agua y obras hidráulicas por parte de los ejidatarios.

La historiografía agraria sobre Cuba en el siglo XIX ha puesto el foco en el azúcar, por la gran transformación económica, social y ambiental que convirtió a la isla en el primer exportador mundial. Sin embargo, muy poco se conoce sobre la evolución de la ganadería en el mismo siglo. Este trabajo ofrece elementos generales de la expansión del potrero y sus características en las zonas plantacionistas y aquellas aún dominadas por la actividad ganadera. El trabajo utiliza la estadística general existente y a los autores que se ocuparon del tema, para dar una visión sobre la importancia, limitaciones y obstáculos de esta nueva ganadería en la transición hacia un modelo agrario dominado por la agroindustria azucarera.

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Copyright of Mundo Agrario is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In Ecuador, there were rebellions of enslaved men and women who organized to free themselves and improve their living conditions from the beginning of slavery. In the memory of past Afro-descendant workers of cane-producing haciendas in the northern Ecuadorian highlands, the Agrarian Reform of 1964 is associated with "the end of slavery" even though slavery was abolished in 1851. Until the 1960s, working conditions on the hacienda were still regarded by the population as akin to slavery. This article discusses a revolt in the '60s in the Santa Ana hacienda, now an Afro-Ecuadorian community of the same name. Here, the master's sexual abuse led to a rebellion by a working adolescent. The rebellion led to an insurrection by the workers who, in addition to fighting for the end of the landlord system and the distribution of land, fought for the dismissal and disappearance of the master. Together, these events redefined ideas of development, of private property, and domestic labor especially by women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mundo Agrario is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The implementation of the Velasco administration's agrarian reforms in the 1970s transformed Peru's rural landscape and the ways in which communities relate to the physical reminders of the time of the haciendas. Community engagement during recent archaeological research at colonial Jesuit wine haciendas in Nasca's Ingenio Valley has revealed narratives that link historical memory on the former estates to fantastical imagery of ghosts, treasure, and mysterious tunnels, which simultaneously reference multiple attitudes related to a difficult past. This article ethnographically explores local engagement with hacienda architecture and memories of the hacienda period, which formulate a set of coexisting complex historical narratives indexing the modern communities' diversely experienced relationship to multiple historical events stretching into the deep colonial past, simultaneously expressing associated trauma, loss, and hope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the notions of distance and territorial extension in the processes of administration of the haciendas and the conformation of parishes in the archdiocese of Mexico during the second half of the 18th century. Based on documentary testimonies, it discusses the development of these concepts and how they were used in a variety of ways by the ecclesiastical authorities. The article poses the problem of the negotiation of space inside ecclesiastical jurisdictions and the establishment of territorial pacts between priests and landowners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Con base en una documentación rica e inédita, este artículo busca establecer los cambios en las relaciones laborales de los pueblos de indios o reducciones con el surgimiento y consolidación de estancias ganaderas y obrajes privados en las inmediaciones, y la disminución drástica de la población indígena en la meseta de Bombón entre 1667 y 1677 (Andes centrales). Se discuten temas de la historia laboral vigentes en la historiografía peruana y latinoamericana como el trabajo libre y el compulsivo, la mita, el yanaconaje, el peonaje y las reducciones o pueblos de indios. Este estudio encuentra que en las nuevas condiciones los pueblos de indios siguen siendo importantes, pero, con la aparición de mecanismos coercitivos individuales, han dejado de ser imprescindibles para reclutar, retener y remunerar a los trabajadores de las haciendas y el obraje.

Relationships between humans and material goods are key in the emergences of social identity and status under imperial projects. I argue that a critical focus on the concept of "community" provides a salient frame by which to assess status and identity and that everyday materiality is a key mechanism by which such collective forms of identity are forged. I draw on historical documents, oral histories, and archaeological evidence of a late nineteenth-century indigenous hacienda laborer household from Hacienda Guachalá, highlands of Ecuador, and show that status and identity may be generated through what you do rather than what you own. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents conflicting ecologies for ecocritical analysis of author José María Arguedas's Agua. Topics discussed include addressing the complex race relations, cultural intersections and often, tense relations between mestizo and indigenous inhabitants, emphasizing the unequal and antagonistic nature of transculturation; resistance by the indigenous worker to the semi-feudal system of the hacienda; and negative effects of social injustice and environmental degradation.

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Copyright of Americanía. Revista de Estudios Latinoamericanos is the property of Revista Americania - Universidad Pablo de Olavide and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper examines the impact of the smallpox epidemic of 1797 in Jonacatepec, a rural parish in Central New Spain, a severe outbreak that took the lives of many children below the age of 9. The study of this particular epidemic is important not only because the disease spread through broad areas of New Spain and the Spanish Empire, but also because efforts were made to inoculate the population. The procedure applied can be seen as an antecedent of current vaccination campaigns for it consisted in injecting pus from smallpox patients into healthy individuals who would thus contract only a mild form of this otherwise deadly disease. Inoculation was widely-diffused and, in the case of the outbreak of 1797, achieved notable success because a smaller number of people died. This essay examines the situation in Jonacatepec, where the owner of two haciendas hired a doctor to inoculate his workers. The documental sources consulted show clearly that fewer people became sick or died on the haciendas than in the headtown and outlying villages, where people refused to be inoculated. Sources include archival documents, records and a valuable registry of patients and the dead, compiled during the epidemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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El artículo discute una bebida alcohólica tradicional, el Pulque, elaborada a partir de la savia fermentada de la planta de maguey, con un enfoque en el consumo de Pulque desde la época prehispánica y las grandes haciendas pulqueras florecieron en Hidalgo, México.

Este artículo tiene por finalidad analizar, desde la óptica histórica, el suicidio melancólico que aconteció en las fincas yucatecas durante el porfiriato. Se presentan doce casos que fueron relatados tanto en la prensa meridana del siglo XIX, como en documentos judiciales de médicos legistas. Interesa revisar la forma en la que la melancolía es percibida en el discurso decimonónico porfiriano yucateco. En este trabajo se analizan las percepciones de la época en torno a la muerte voluntaria, aunada a una patología psiquiátrica, la melancolía.

In 1957, Eric R Wolf and Sidney W Mintz published 'Haciendas and Plantations in Middle America and the Antilles' in the Jamaican journal Social and Economic Studies. This article discusses the production of the Wolf and Mintz article, its analytical framework and the theoretical tensions it contains, and its subsequent influence, mainly though not exclusively on anthropological and historical scholarship about large landed properties in Latin America and the Caribbean. 'Haciendas and Plantations' appeared at a time when anthropologists such as Elman Service, Charles Wagley, and Marvin Harris were trying to make sense of agrarian Latin America by developing typologies of labour relations, rural populations, and forms of property. These efforts never successfully resolved the inherent tension between ethnographic or historical content, on the one hand, and Weberian ideal type definitions, on the other, although Wolf and Mintz's article came closer to doing this than the other works in the typological genre. In part, this was because it analysed discrete dimensions of large landed estates – capital, labour, land, markets, technology, sumptuary patterns, and so on – in a manner intended to stimulate cross-regional, cross-national, and trans-historical comparisons. 'Haciendas and Plantations', however, saw these elements as largely determining local-level outcomes on the ground and left little analytical room for contingency or rural class struggle in driving historical processes or shaping property relations and land use. Despite the article's scant historical content, it nonetheless continues to serve as a point of departure in early twenty-first-century agrarian studies and the analytical tensions it embodied are still significant in comparative social scientific research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article analyzes, from a historical perspective, the melancholic suicides that occurred in haciendas of the Yucatán peninsula during the era of Porfirio Díaz. We discuss twelve cases reported in 19th-century Mérida newspaper accounts or in judicial forensic records. We review the way in which melancholy was perceived in 19th-century, Porfirian-era discourse in Yucatán. In addition, we analyze the perceptions at the time regarding voluntary death, coupled with melancholy, a psychiatric pathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses illegality, international policy and agrarism at the Sonora-Arizona border during 1954-1958. Topics discussed include a dialogue with the authors who have written the most about the theme; the case of peasant leader Humberto Ochoa; and latifundio not used for cultivation and whose owners were not farmers.

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