1. Backward-propagating source as a component of rising tone whistler-mode chorus generation
- Author
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Vijay Harid, Mark Gołkowski, Poorya Hosseini, and Hoyoung Kim
- Subjects
magnetospheric chorus ,particle–in-cell (PIC) simulation ,wave generation ,gyro-resonant interactions ,electron de-trapping ,Astronomy ,QB1-991 ,Geophysics. Cosmic physics ,QC801-809 - Abstract
Whistler-mode chorus waves in the magnetosphere play a crucial role in space weather via wave–particle interactions. The past two decades have observed tremendous advances in theory and simulations of chorus generation; however, several details of the generation mechanism are still actively contended. To simulate chorus generation, a new envelope particle-in-cell code is introduced. The model produces a rising tone chorus element in a parabolic geomagnetic field. The initial chorus element “embryo” frequency is shown to initialize near the equator at the frequency of maximum linear growth. A backward resonant current is then observed to propagate upstream of the equator. The trajectory of the backward current follows that of a freely falling electron that has been de-trapped at the equator superimposed with forward motion at the group velocity. The backward current iteratively radiates a rising tone element where the highest frequency components are generated furthest upstream. The work provides new advancements in modeling chorus and corroborates other recent work that has also demonstrated a backward-moving source during the generation of coherent whistler-mode waves.
- Published
- 2022
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