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Aim: Mountainous regions are rich in reptile biodiversity but face threats from climate and land use changes. Understanding how these factors affect reptile diversity in these regions can highlight key conservation hotspots that require effective conservation actions. Here, we explored reptile taxonomic and functional diversity patterns along the Sierra Madre del Sur region in southeast Mexico, and potential changes in future years caused by different climate and land use change scenarios. Location: Sierra Madre del Sur, México. Taxon: Reptiles. Methods: We used species distribution models and information on species traits to estimate taxonomic and functional diversity throughout the Sierra Madre del Sur (SMS) region under current and future climate and land use change scenarios. Results: Greater taxonomic and functional diversity was observed in both temperate and tropical forests. Taxonomic diversity was higher in more drier areas at high elevations while higher functional diversity was observed in wetter areas at intermediate‐to‐high elevations. Lower diversity for both dimensions was associated with anthropic land uses. In future scenarios, both dimensions of diversity are expected to increase in temperate forest in highlands of central Oaxaca and decrease in the southcentral portion of the SMS, particularly for the worst scenarios due to increased deforestation rates. Main Conclusions: Higher taxonomic diversity in more drier areas at high elevations could be due to historical and evolutionary factors, while higher functional diversity in wetter areas at intermediate‐to‐high elevations may be explained by a higher environmental heterogeneity in forests within these conditions. Larger diversity losses in the southcentral portion of the SMS are probably due to larger predicted deforestation rates in those areas. Our results are valuable not just for informing conservation actions, such as the creation of protected natural areas but also to understand the underlying processes behind the patterns of reptile diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The right to be consulted is a legal institution that originated in 1989 in the United Nations Convention 169, requiring states to conduct a consultation process of Indigenous peoples and communities on issues potentially impacting them. The Mexican state has subsequently implemented the right to be consulted in its legal system. The consultation processes were often riddled with inconsistencies and the violation of the rights of Indigenous communities and peoples. In this paper I analysed the case study of the consultation process in Guerrero, by researching press articles, engaging in participant observation and conducting interviews. I looked for similarities between the Guerrero consultations and past consultations in Juchitán, Sonora, and Campeche. I identified several violations and manipulations consistent with the history of the right to be consulted. In the last part of the article, I compared the proposed acts and established their potential impact on security in Guerrero. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El chile es un cultivo de importancia cultural, económica y social para México, se produce y consume en todo el territorio nacional. Con el objetivo de analizar las características socioproductivas y económicas de los productores de chile criollo en la comunidad de Teticic, Olinalá, Guerrero, México, en 2021 se aplicó una entrevista con variables sociales, económicas y productivas a 39 productores de chile de la comunidad, la información se concentró en Excel y se realizó un análisis de conglomerados jerárquicos en el programa estadístico SPSS versión 21, donde se aplicó un análisis factorial para la selección de variables, se utilizó el método de Ward y la distancia euclídea, lo que permitió obtener cinco grupos de productores. El cultivo del chile es un sistema agrícola de subsistencia presidido principalmente por hombres de edad promedio de 47 años con educación básica, dedicados principalmente a la agricultura con un promedio de 21 años de experiencia, utilizando mano de obra familiar. Este cultivo enfrenta una serie de problemas productivos, comerciales, de postcosecha, de servicios y apoyos por parte del gobierno, que limitan su productividad y podrían poner en riesgo la conservación de las semillas de chile criollo.

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El artículo muestra, mediante el análisis de un amplio conjunto de materiales provenientes de distintos medios de comunicación impresos y audiovisuales, que los fenómenos de violencia política desarrollados en México durante los años setenta no sólo no permanecían ocultos para la población (como se ha plantado generalmente), sino que ocuparon un importante y complejo espacio como mercancías de consumo para los sectores urbanos. Para mostrar esto, el texto presenta tres apartados. En primer lugar, se realiza una revisión crítica de los estudios dedicados a analizar la presencia de la violencia política en los medios de comunicación y propone que es necesario emprender un replanteamiento de los consensos historiográficos alcanzados. En segundo lugar, se realiza un seguimiento sintético de la trayectoria política y mediática de los dos principales grupos armados surgidos en el estado de Guerrero para mostrar cómo estos grupos participaron activamente en la esfera pública. Finalmente, se hace la revisión de materiales que comúnmente han quedado fuera de los estudios sobre la presencia de la violencia política en los medios, como reportajes de televisión, películas o historietas, para mostrar que la percepción pública del fenómeno guerrillero se jugó en un complejo y cambiante mapa mediático que posibilitó la aparición de la violencia política en la esfera pública en espacios y formas menos esquemáticos de lo que suele pensarse.

Lopezia guerrerensis is described as a new species for the flora of the state of Guerrero, Mexico. It is similar to the species of the Lopezia miniata complex, but is distinguished from them by its habit (subshrubs or shrubs to 3.5 m tall), whorled leaves (three per node) with brochidodromous venation and 12–14 (–17) secondary veins per side, flowers with larger lower petals and a longer fertile stamen, and inflorescences in corymbiform racemes, these axillary or grouped together in terminal panicles. For section Lopezia and the tribe Lopeziae, two new characters are added: whorled leaves (three per node) and whorled inflorescences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Two new species of Buprestidae (Coleoptera) are described from southern Mexico: Acmaeodera cuyuteca Westcott sp. nov. from Guerrero and Jalisco; and Acmaeodera pseudostigmata Westcott sp. nov. from Puebla. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artículo aborda el proceso de dominación y el clientelismo político del Estado mexicano para coaccionar a los campesinos de las costas de Guerrero, quienes fueron cooptados por el Partido Revolucionario Institucional en la Unión Regional de Productores de Copra del Estado de Guerrero (URPCEG), la organización campesina más importante de la entidad y que desde sus inicios fue hegemonizada por grupos caciquiles. Un aporte de la investigación es el estudio y análisis de una de las masacres más sanguinarias de los años sesenta en México, que había pasado inadvertida por la historiografía del siglo XX. Si bien el enfoque es de historia regional, la importancia y el impacto del problema aquí presentado tiene trascendencia nacional, ya que la masacre de campesinos del 20 de agosto de 1967 en Acapulco es el antecedente inmediato a la aparición de diferentes guerrillas en Guerrero y en otros puntos del país. No es exagerado afirmar que fue uno de los actos de terrorismo instrumentados por el Estado mexicano como parte de una estrategia contrainsurgente que buscaba conjurar la insurrección campesina en la región de la Costa Grande de Guerrero, donde surgió paralelamente una crisis del clientelismo priista, así como una pugna intercaciquil combinada con un fuerte movimiento de masas de copreros y cafeticultores con demandas agrarias y económicas.

Background. In Mexico, there are variants of chili peppers (Capsicum spp.) in terms of shape, flavor, size and pungency, where the greatest diversity of native chili peppers is found in rural communities of the Mexican tropics. Objective. To characterize the phenotypic parameters of eight genotypes of native chili peppers from Olinalá, located in the mountain region of the state of Guerrero. Methodology. Eight materials collected from chili peppers were planted under greenhouse conditions, in a completely randomized design, with six replicates, three plants per experimental unit and a distance between plants and rows of 40 cm. The plants were established in a greenhouse, in a black polyethylene bag, with mountain soil as a substrate. Results. The genotypes Cascabel (CAS), Gallo gallina mediano (GGM), Gallo gallina grande (GGG) and Larguillo grande (LG) presented erect growth, Chilaca (CHI) of intermediate type, and Larguillo chico (LCH), Serrano (S) and Mochiteco (M) were compact. All genotypes have a green cylindrical stem and dense branching, lanceolate leaves (except M, which had oval leaves), with one flower per axil in an erect position and white, except CAS, which has light yellow flowers. The shape of the fruit varied between triangular (GGM, GGG and M), elongated (LGH, LG and S), round (CAS) and bell-shaped (CHI), and red when ripe. The genotypes that registered the largest plant and leaf size were LG, S, GGG and LCH. On the other hand, the largest fruit size was recorded in CHI with a fruit length of 8.53 cm; fruit width of 5.96 cm, and LG with fruit length of 8.67 cm; fruit width of 5.92 cm; while the fresh weight was higher in CHI (33.55 g), GGG (23.50 g) and GGM (22.60 g). Implications. The study provides information on the behavior of qualitative and quantitative morphological aspects of chili peppers grown in Teticic, Olinalá, in the state of Guerrero. In the same way, it allows to assess the possibility of selecting outstanding materials. Conclusions. The chili genotypes showed variability in different qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the plant, leaf, flower and fruit, so they are an alternative to select outstanding materials to design a program for the improvement and conservation of these genetic resources.

Es bien conocido que los documentos pictográficos de tradición mesoamericana no sólo son contenedores de narrativas históricas, sino también discursos políticos, En este trabajo, se plantea que la representación de los combatientes de una y otra facción en los códices y lienzos de Tlapa, responden a un contexto marcial, material y económico que fue plasmado en sus registros. Por lo tanto, a través del análisis de un corpus iconográfico conformado por siete documentos de la región na savi nahua me’phaa se plantea que los guerreros de Tlapa-Tlachinollan compartían vínculos identitarios que manifestaron en el dibujo de su armamento. Por medio de la iconografía, se vislumbran estructuras sociales diferentes, pues mientras los combatientes de Tlapa preferían acudir descubiertos a la guerra y con pocas insignias de plumas; los del Altiplano muestran complejas cadenas de mando a través de la diversidad de sus trajes y la especialización de su armamento.

Aim: To test explicitly whether the Sierra Madre del Sur includes areas with significant neo‐, paleo‐ and mixed endemism and to explore possible environmental drivers implied in their high species richness and spatial phylogenetic patterns. Location: Sierra Madre del Sur, Mexico. Taxon: Vascular plants. Methods: Species richness, species endemism, phylogenetic diversity and phylogenetic endemism were analysed through a categorical analysis of neo‐ and paleo‐endemism for a set of 91493 unique records. Nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis tests for multiple comparisons of environmental variables among phylogenetic endemism categories were conducted. Results: The area includes 9524 species with 1133 endemics. The spatial distribution of species richness, endemism and phylogenetic metrics is heterogeneous. Species richness has a strong correlation with weighted endemism and weighted phylogenetic endemism. Neoendemism is mainly concentrated in the pine‐oak forest at higher elevations, paleo‐endemism in pine‐oak forest and seasonally dry tropical forest at lower elevations; mixed and super‐endemism were located in the cloud forest and its ecotones with the pine‐oak forest, tropical rain forest and seasonally dry tropical forest. The Kruskal–Wallis test showed significant differences only for elevation, precipitation and temperature. Main conclusions: The Sierra Madre del Sur includes areas of neo‐, paleo‐ and mixed endemism heterogeneously distributed, representing an evolutionary puzzle of phylogenetic diversity promoted by environmental complexity. Recent diversification is suggested for areas of neoendemism, mainly in regions of pine‐oak forest and seasonally dry tropical forest, where elevation, seasonality and precipitation are variable. Areas of paleo‐ and mixed endemism indicate the preservation of ancient lineages in cloud forest and tropical forest. The Sierra Madre del Sur represents an intricate scenario for the diversification of Neotropical flora, with singular elements diverged in situ and others migrated and preserved in climatic and adaptative refugia through time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Talc‐rich rocks are common in exhumed subduction zone terranes and may explain geophysical observations of the subduction zone interface, particularly beneath Guerrero, Mexico, where the Cocos plate subducts horizontally beneath North America and episodic tremor and slow slip (ETS) occurs. We present petrologic models exploring (a) the degree of silica metasomatism required to produce talc in serpentinized peridotites at the pressure‐temperature conditions of the plate interface beneath Guerrero and (b) the amount of silica‐bearing water produced by rocks from the subducting Cocos plate and the location of fluid pulses. We estimate the volumes of talc produced by the advection of silica‐rich fluids into serpentinized peridotites at the plate interface over the history of the flat‐slab system. In the ETS‐hosting region, serpentinites must achieve ∼43 wt. % SiO2 to stabilize talc, but minor additions of silica beyond this produce large volumes of talc. Our models of Cocos plate dehydration predict that water flux into the interface averages 3.9 × 104 kg m−2 Myr−1 but suggest that only where subducting basalts undergo major dehydration reactions will sufficient amounts of silica‐rich fluids be produced to drive significant metasomatism. We suggest that talc produced by advective transport of aqueous silica alone cannot account for geophysical interpretations of km‐thick zones of talc‐rich rocks beneath Guerrero, although silica‐bearing fluids that migrate along the plate interface may promote broader metasomatism. Regions of predicted talc production do, however, overlap with the spatial occurrence of ETS, consistent with models of slow slip based on the frictional deformation of metasomatic lithologies. Plain Language Summary: The subduction zone at Guerrero, Mexico, hosts poorly understood fault slip phenomena called episodic tremor and slow slip (ETS), and seismic studies of this subduction zone suggest that the deep interface between the Cocos plate and overriding North American plate contains rocks that are rich in the mineral talc. Talc is a weak mineral that can preferentially host deformation and may play a role in facilitating ETS in subduction zones. The presence of talc, however, requires chemical alteration of rocks at the plate interface, so we use Guerrero as a natural lab for exploring how talc might be produced in order to host ETS and produced the observed seismic signatures. We can use the thermodynamic properties of minerals to predict which minerals will occur in rocks that make up the mantle above the subducting Cocos plate, as well as when minerals in subducting rocks will break down to release water. This allows us to predict how much water will be released by the Cocos plate and subsequently how much talc can grow in the plate interface. Although the model for alteration we explore does not explain the geophysical observations at Guerrero, talc is still expected to be produced within regions that experience ETS. Key Points: We explore how the silica metasomatism of serpentinized peridotite beneath Guerrero, Mexico, can produce talc‐rich rocksTalc is predicted to grow in serpentinite where subducting basalts experience metamorphic dehydrationLocal advection of silica cannot produce geophysically observable talc volumes but will still produce thin zones of talc‐rich rocks [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La presente investigación tuvo como objeto de estudio a las instituciones que ponderan el diálogo al abordar los conflictos cotidianos de los ciudadanos que pertenecen a un grupo étnico de los municipios de Cuajinicuilapa, Guerrero y Huejutla de Reyes, Hidalgo. El objetivo consistió en caracterizar el tipo de proyecto político (autoritario, neoliberal o democrático participativo) al cual se adscriben dichas instituciones, así como el tipo de pluralismo jurídico (conservador o emancipador). El trabajo es de corte cualitativo, por lo cual la recolección de información se realizó mediante trabajo de gabinete, aunado a entrevistas con actores claves en ambas comunidades. Entre los hallazgos se observó que los proyectos políticos de las instituciones encargadas de conflictos cotidianos en ambas entidades incluyen rasgos tanto del proyecto autoritario como del democrático. En cuanto al pluralismo jurídico, también ser observa la ambivalencia entre el conservador y el emancipador.

Abstract Talc‐rich rocks are common in exhumed subduction zone terranes and may explain geophysical observations of the subduction zone interface, particularly beneath Guerrero, Mexico, where the Cocos plate subducts horizontally beneath North America and episodic tremor and slow slip (ETS) occurs. We present petrologic models exploring (a) the degree of silica metasomatism required to produce talc in serpentinized peridotites at the pressure‐temperature conditions of the plate interface beneath Guerrero and (b) the amount of silica‐bearing water produced by rocks from the subducting Cocos plate and the location of fluid pulses. We estimate the volumes of talc produced by the advection of silica‐rich fluids into serpentinized peridotites at the plate interface over the history of the flat‐slab system. In the ETS‐hosting region, serpentinites must achieve ∼43 wt. % SiO2 to stabilize talc, but minor additions of silica beyond this produce large volumes of talc. Our models of Cocos plate dehydration predict that water flux into the interface averages 3.9 × 104 kg m−2 Myr−1 but suggest that only where subducting basalts undergo major dehydration reactions will sufficient amounts of silica‐rich fluids be produced to drive significant metasomatism. We suggest that talc produced by advective transport of aqueous silica alone cannot account for geophysical interpretations of km‐thick zones of talc‐rich rocks beneath Guerrero, although silica‐bearing fluids that migrate along the plate interface may promote broader metasomatism. Regions of predicted talc production do, however, overlap with the spatial occurrence of ETS, consistent with models of slow slip based on the frictional deformation of metasomatic lithologies.

Lonchocarpus foliolosus, a new species from the state of Guerrero, Mexico, is described and illustrated. Lonchocarpus foliolosus is similar to L. canoensis, but it differs from that species by presenting sub-obovate to elliptic leaflets, with a smaller number of secondary veins per side ((5–)6–8(−10)), paniculate inflorescences, the standard with white sericeous pubescence, narrower legumes with an obtuse apex and with a greater number of seeds (up to five), and in its distribution restricted to the state of Guerrero, Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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We record the third known specimen of Tantilla coronadoi Hartweg, 1944 from Guerrero, Mexico. Our new record extends this species’ distribution by 90 km and to a new Mexican biogeographic province (Balsas Basin). The morphological similarity between this and the two previously known specimens supports the validity of the taxon, and otherwise points to the possible presence of an undescribed taxon on the coast of Guerrero. Additional fieldwork yielding a larger series of this and other infrequently encountered species may enable a better understanding of their distribution, natural history, ecology, and conservation.

This paper seeks to demonstrate that, in Mexico, the policy of eradication of poppy crops has not only been motivated by its official reason, the anti-drug fight, but also been instrumentalized for the militarization of certain regions for counterinsurgent purposes, that is, to deal with guerrilla activity. Of an empirical nature, this demonstration is based on a mixed methodology, both quantitative and qualitative, as well as on two case studies: the municipalities of Atoyac and Ayutla in the southern state of Guerrero. The main finding of the investigation lies in an anomalous concentration of eradication tasks by the army in both municipalities in the late 1990s and early 2000s, despite relatively marginal drug production. This contradiction finds an explanation beyond the poppy, in the emergence there of two new guerrillas, around the massacres of Aguas Blancas (1995) and El Charco (1998), respectively.

The objective of this article is to reflect on the implica-tions and conception of what I designate as community anthropology. It is an epistemic proposal interested in inciting a discussion about the way in which the rela-tionship is built and anthropological knowledge is ex-changed with social actors in contexts where indigenous autonomy is exercised. This proposal is in tune with the debates on critical, militant, dialogic and collaborative anthropology, with the particularity that it is the social actors themselves who summon researchers to collabo-rate in their political project. I present the results of an eight-month research work with the women authorities of the community government of Ayutla de los Libres, Guerrero. Establishing a horizontal and collaborative intercultural dialogue based on workshops on gover-nance and women’s rights with a gender perspective, I consider that it enriches the anthropological work.

This article analyzes community responses and social mobilization that occurred between 2014 and 2019 in response to the forced disappearance of forty-three student teachers from Ayotzinapa in Atoyac de Álvarez (Guerrero), a municipality deeply affected by forced disappearances in the 1970s and the birthplace of four of the forty-three students. The article dialogues with literature on community restructurings that result from extreme violence and with studies that analyze the psychosocial effects of forced disappearances on individuals. From this perspective, I use a microsociological and historical perspective to discuss the development of community solidarity around the families of the four students who disappeared in 2014. I argue that past disappearances have transgenerational effects on a community, such as kinship stigmatization, and configure criteria of familial relationships that affect the ability to mobilize in response to new disappearances. The study contributes new knowledge to this field of study in a country that now has around one hundred thousand people who have disappeared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Based on a case study, this article seeks to analyze the contemporary evolution of the armed movements in the southern Mexican state of Guerrero and the counterinsurgency operations they have faced. To reach this goal, the object of the qualitative methodology is the local history of a municipality, Ayutla de los Libres, from 1998 to 2013, describing the socio-political processes that were developed there and that separate both dates, each marked by a critical episode of repression. The main result is that, although the field of armed movements underwent great changes, moving from offensive to defensive forms, the counterinsurgency used against them shows strong continuities focused on repression.

El libro analiza la emergencia de grupos de defensa comunitaria en Ayutla de los Libres, Guerrero, como reacción frente al contexto de violencia. Tal emergencia se detona a partir de modificaciones estructurales y procesos históricos que transformaron las relaciones sociales a partir del cambio en la tutela estatal sobre sectores campesinos, a la importancia creciente de la estructura municipal, así como a la aparición de un nuevo tipo de violencia vinculada a la criminalidad organizada. El movimiento de autodefensas guerrerenses se encuentra en ruptura y continuidad con los movimientos guerrilleros que han surgido en aquella región, con nuevas características y manifestaciones que permiten abrir el debate sobre nuevas formas de la estatalidad, donde las respuestas defensivas armadas encuentran un nuevo protagonismo.

Small, secretive snakes comprise an important part of the herpetofauna of the Neotropics and yet most species are known from a handful of specimens due to their habits and relatively inaccessible localities. The Mexican endemic Rhadinella dysmica is the westernmost species of the genus and was described based on a single adult female. Herein we provide information on new specimens, including their morphological variation and hemipenial structure, expand the known geographic range for the species, and comment on the morphological similarities of the “dark-colored” species of the genus.

Se presenta el primer registro de Callipogon barbatum (Fabricius) en el Estado de Guerrero y se proporciona un mapa de su distribución en México.

This article revolves around the analysis of the experiences and meanings of two people inserted in the social violence that Guerrero has suffered since the mid-twentieth century in order to find its causes and the perceptions of this process. The state's violent climate is part of what is called the "accumulation due to dispossession," which seeks to alleviate the crisis of over-accumulation of capital. The entry of criminal organizations in the states territory has not been homogeneous given that it began in urban areas and later spread to the countryside. This situation is the result of the power struggle among the groups that are trying to put the government at their service to impose their own economic interests. Thus, the so-called war against drug trafficking disguises low-intensity counterinsurgency that attempts to generate an on-going state of exception that guarantees the disarticulation of social protest and favors the entry of big capital. One of the main concerns is the role played by young people in this context. Therefore, it is important to recognize that their vulnerability, the product of economic precariousness and forced recruiting, are the main causes that makes them easy prey of this violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antecedentes: La Sierra Madre del Sur (SMS) se ubica paralela al Océano Pacífico, desde Jalisco a Oaxaca. Es la provincia más biodiversa de México, con 7,016 especies de plantas vasculares. Preguntas: ¿Cuántas y cuáles son las plantas vasculares endémicas de la SMS y en qué tipos de vegetación habitan? ¿Cuántos se encuentran en alguna categoría de riesgo? Especies de estudio: Las plantas vasculares endémicas. Sitio y años de estudio: Provincia biogeográfica SMS, México; de 2016 a 2020. Métodos: Se generó una base de datos a partir de información de herbarios, bases de datos electrónicas y literatura especializada. Resultados: Se registraron 1,133 especies, agrupadas en 370 géneros y 91 familias; de estas últimas destacaron con un mayor número de géneros y especies Asteraceae (75 y 250, respectivamente), Orchidaceae (40, 123), Rubiaceae (22, 74), Bromeliaceae (5, 64) y Lamiaceae (10, 63). Los géneros con mayor riqueza fueron Salvia (46), Ageratina (39), Tillandsia (37) y Echeveria (29). Se registraron 15 géneros endémicos y 129 especies se reportaron en alguna categoría de riesgo. En la SMS el bosque de coníferas y encino registraron 828 especies, seguido del bosque mesófilo de montaña (235) y el bosque tropical caducifolio (114). Conclusiones: El endemismo en la SMS es heterogéneo, ya que se localizó en los bosques de coníferas y encino de las subprovincias Sierra Madre del Sur Oriental (estados de Guerrero y Oaxaca) y en la Sierra Madre del Sur Occidental (estado de Jalisco).

A clinical and entomological investigation was performed to identify flavivirus infections in humans and mosquitoes in impoverished areas of Guerrero, a coastal state in southwestern Mexico. A total of 639 patients with acute febrile illness and 830 resting female mosquitoes in low-income communities of Guerrero in 2019 were tested for evidence of flavivirus infection. Sera were collected from all patients and screened at a dilution of 1:20 by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) using dengue virus (DENV)2. A total of 431 (67.4%) patients were seropositive. Sera from a subset of seropositive patients (n = 263) were tested for flavivirus NS1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Forty-eight (18.3%) sera contained viral antigen. All NS1-positive sera were titrated and further tested by PRNT using DENV-1 to -4, St. Louis encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, and Zika virus (ZIKV). Seven patients were seropositive for DENV-1, five patients were seropositive for DENV-2, one patient was seropositive for DENV-3, and two patients each were seropositive for DENV-4 and ZIKV. The remainder had secondary flavivirus infections or antibodies to an undetermined flavivirus. Comparative PRNTs were also performed on 60 randomly selected NS1-negative sera, identifying patients seropositive for DENV-2, DENV-3, and ZIKV. The entomological investigation yielded 736 Aedes aegypti and 94 Culex quinquefasciatus that were sorted into 183 pools and 20 pools, respectively. Mosquitoes were assayed for flavivirus RNA by RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. DENV-2 RNA was detected in three pools of A. aegypti. In summary, we provide evidence for the concurrent circulation of all four DENVs and ZIKV in Guerrero, Mexico. The public health authorities reported no cases of DENV-3, DENV-4, and ZIKV in Guerrero in 2019 and thus, we provide evidence of under-reporting in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sipunculans are a poorly studied group in the Tropical Eastern Pacific. For the Southern Mexican Pacific (SMP) there is only one record of a sipunculan species. The main objective of this work was to determine the species composition of the phylum Sipuncula present in the SMP. The study area covered three Mexican states: Guerrero, Oaxaca and Chiapas; specimens from 28 localities were examined from both intertidal and subtidal zones. A total of 551 specimens were reviewed, from which 11 species were identified. Five of them have previously been recorded in the Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP): Apionsoma (A.) hespera comb. nov., A. (Edmondsius) pectinatum, Aspidosiphon (A.) elegans, Phascolosoma (P.) puntarenae and Themiste (T.) hennahi; four species are similar to nominal species: Sipunculus (S.) cf. polymyotus, Siphonosoma cf. vastum, Siphonosoma cf. cumanense and Phascolosoma (P.) cf. perlucens; and two new species are described: Aspidosiphon (Paraspidosiphon) cutleri sp. nov. and Aspidosiphon (Paraspidosiphon) pastori sp. nov. A checklist and an identification key for all sipunculan species from the TEP are presented. The checklist includes 53 taxa, 25 of which are questionable records. This work generated 11 new records of sipunculans in the SMP and five new records in the TEP.

Introduction: Guerrero is the fourth most biodiverse state in Mexico, an example of this is the wealth of echinoderms that inhabit its coasts, it houses the largest number of species compared to the states of the Mexican South Pacific, it has 135 species, while Oaxaca 94 and Chiapas 15. The present study was developed on La Roqueta Island in Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico, it is part of 0.3% of the national territory. The islands are the habitat of a greater number of species and endemisms, compared to continental areas of the same size, isla La Roqueta, like other islands in Mexico, are recognized as sites of great value, however, they face serious threats that put their stability at risk. Objective: To list the species of echinoderms on the island of La Roqueta de Acapulco, Guerrero, México. Methods: We collected in August and October 2018 and May 2019, through free diving and Scuba, at four sites, using direct capture, sweep search, random and transect techniques. Results: 214 specimens were collected, in four classes, nine orders, 16 families and 23 genera, for a total of 40 species. Important records are recognized: Ophiocoma sp., Phataria sp., Pentaceraster sp., Cucumaria sp., Astropyga sp., Meoma sp., Diadema sp., Afrocucumis ovulum, Pseudocnus californicus, Neocucumis veleronis and Holothuria imitans. Conclusions: The complexity of the various marine environments and substrates in Guerrero, particularly on La Roqueta Island, denotes the possibility of new species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the relationship between the State and universities in Mexico during the 1970s. From a socio-historical perspective, the academic and social project, Universidad-Pueblo, of the Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero (UAG) is addressed. The emphasis on written press makes it possible to observe how some higher education institutions and its students proposed critical models that were strongly articulated with social demands and left-wing movements amid an authoritarian political regime in which democratic institutional ways of citizen participation were virtually closed. The Universidad-Pueblo project is one of the most radical and complex experiences of this process and its study allows to analyze the relevance of universities within the state's public life, as well as to consider the UAG as a democratic sphere in the political context of the state of Guerrero. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The marine ecoregion known as the Mexican Pacific Transitional Zone (MPT) is a rich environment consisting of diverse coastal ecosystems with a great diversity of species, including bivalves, which have high ecological importance and perform a wide variety of environmental functions. Our objective was to document new records of bivalve species in the MPT and their geographic distribution. The study was conducted at 26 sites with rocky intertidal areas located in the Mexican states of Michoacan, Guerrero and Oaxaca. Semele (S.) californica, Petricola (P.) botula and Parapholas acuminata are new records for the MPT; Crassostrea columbiensis is a new record for the coasts of Michoacan and Oaxaca. Plicatula spondylopsis, Chama corrugata, Diplodonta orbella, Sphenia fragilis, Juliacorbula bicarinata, Paraphola calva, Gastrochaena ovata and Lamychaena truncata are new records for the state of Guerrero. These new records demonstrate the need for more concentrated research efforts in the study of marine diversity, in particular to examine specific clades in this important biodiverse zone. Obtained results highlight the great variety of mollusc species that inhabit the Mexican Pacific Transitional Zone (MPT); however, they need further research. Knowledge of the diversity of mollusc in (MPT) allows us to enrich and update the taxonomic database for the Eastern Pacific Ocean. The taxonomic knowledge of bivalves will serve as the basis for the conservation and management of fishery resources occurring in the MPT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ceratozamia is a genus of cycads occurring in eastern Mexico and Central America. In this study, we describe a new species from the Pacific region of Mexico in Guerrero state. This locality represents the most northwestern Mexico distribution for the genus. We focus the comparison of this species with the most geographically proximate and phenotypically relevant lineages for this taxon. We followed an integrative taxonomy approach to evaluate the classification of these species, including geographic location, morphology, DNA barcoding and phenology as primary sources of systematic data. Within the morphological dataset, reproductive structures are described in detail and new characters are proposed for microsporophylls. The comparative morphology of these structures facilitated the elucidation of differences in forms and species for identification. The two chosen DNA barcoding markers - namely, the chloroplast genome coding region matK and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region - had low divergence, allowing only 61% of species identification, suggesting slow molecular evolutionary rates. Besides employing these three basic sources of evidence, we introduced phenology as additional information for species circumscription. In addition, this work includes a brief review of the genus at the species-level. This is therefore the most recent review for Ceratozamia across its full geographic range (latitudinal and elevational). Overall, this work further contributes to a comprehensive framework for systematic studies in Mexican cycads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low‐frequency earthquakes (LFEs) are detected within tremor, as small, repetitive, impulsive low‐frequency (1–8 Hz) signals. While the mechanism causing this depletion of the high‐frequency content of their signal is still debated, this feature may indicate that the source processes at the origin of LFEs are different from those for regular earthquakes. Key constraints on the LFE‐generating physical mechanisms can be obtained by establishing scaling laws between their seismic moment and source durations. Here we apply a simple spectral analysis method to the S waveforms of LFEs from Guerrero, Mexico, to measure their seismic moments and corner frequencies, a proxy to source duration. We find characteristic values of M0∼3×1012 N.m (Mw∼2.3) and fc∼3.0 Hz with the corner frequency very weakly dependent on the seismic moment. This moment‐duration scaling observed for Mexican LFEs is similar to one previously reported in Cascadia and is very different from the established one for regular earthquakes. This suggests that they could be generated by sources of nearly constant size with strongly varying intensities. LFEs do not exhibit the self‐similarity characteristic of regular earthquakes, suggesting that the physical mechanisms at their origin could be intrinsically different. Plain Language Summary: Low‐frequency earthquakes are unusual, small earthquakes that are detected on the deep end of plate boundary faults. They occur during periods of slow slip, when the plates start sliding against each other much slower than during earthquakes, but long enough to release the energy that might otherwise have caused large earthquakes. Thus, they carry precious information about the fault behavior while slow slip is active. In this study, we analyze a selection of low‐frequency earthquakes from a slow slip zone of the Mexican subduction, beneath the state of Guerrero. We find that their magnitude is on average higher than in other regions where they have been detected (Mw1.5 – 3). We also find that whatever the magnitude of these events, they always last about 0.3 s. On the contrary, regular earthquakes are known to last longer when they grow larger, and low‐frequency earthquakes in Nankai (Japan) appear to behave similarly. We discuss a physical mechanism explaining such a discrepancy with regular earthquakes and such strong regional variations. The implication of crustal fluids circulating at extremely high pressure in between plates might be one of the key components of this mechanism, as it often is for slow slip processes. Key Points: Seismic moment‐duration scaling is analyzed for tectonic low‐frequency earthquakes in Guerrero, MexicoCorner frequencies, inversely proportional to source duration, are found to be very weakly dependent on seismic momentLow‐frequency earthquakes in Guerrero do not exhibit the self‐similarity of regular earthquakes [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adults of Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae were surveyed from Chiapas and Guerrero, Mexico, and were collected using black light traps and entomological nets. Two new species are described: Protoptila danielae sp. nov., from Chiapas state and Protoptila thomi sp. nov., from Guerrero, state route 130, 80 km NW of Zihuatanejo, and the male genitalia are illustrated. The species Protoptila mayana Flint is registered as a new record for Mexico; additionally, we provide an updated checklist of the genus Protoptila species from Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]