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Submitted by Patrícia Rabello (rabello@stj.jus.br) on 2017-09-21T21:46:12Z No. of bitstreams: 2 race_methodology_social_zuberi.pdf: 3076551 bytes, checksum: cabfc453488618137b115bd8cd7f4a8e (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Roberta Marins (rmarins@stj.jus.br) on 2017-09-22T19:52:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 race_methodology_social_zuberi.pdf: 3076551 bytes, checksum: cabfc453488618137b115bd8cd7f4a8e (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-22T19:52:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 race_methodology_social_zuberi.pdf: 3076551 bytes, checksum: cabfc453488618137b115bd8cd7f4a8e (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 Elabora uma ideia central e discute como ela poderia influenciar a investigação genética e genômica sobre saúde nas prisões dos Estados Unidos. Sugere metodologia para estudos que envolvem classificação racial e desigualdade.

Twenty-seven carcasses of non-castrated confined goat kids, (18 ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen and nine Saanen) with slaughtered weight of 30.1 ± 0.27 kg were used to evaluate quantitative characteristics of the carcass and qualitative characteristics of the loin and shoulder. The animals were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement (breed group × diet). The diets consisted of inclusion of dry yeast, as follows: soybean meal, soybean meal + dried yeast or dried yeast. The other ingredients of the diets were oat hay (30% DM), ground corn and mineral mixture. Hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, weight loss by cooling, true carcass yield and carcass compactness index were not influenced by the inclusion of dry yeast nor by racial group. Saanen goats presented the highest carcass commercial yield of carcass, but they needed 15 days more to reach the slaughter weight. The cut yields were not affected, but a significant interaction for shoulder yield occurred. Dry yeast and breed group did not influence the measurements of the loin, the muscle:bone ratio, the cooking losses, the shear force and composition. There was a significant interaction between the inclusion of dry yeast in the diets and the breed group for the muscle proportion on loin, which was higher in the ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen group. For the shoulder, inclusion of dry yeast and breed group did not alter the proportions of muscle, fat, protein and ash. However, in Saanen goats, the proportion of bone and moisture content were higher and total lipid content was lower. The ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen groups showed higher precocity. Dry yeast is an alternative protein source that can be included in diets for goat kids. Foram utilizadas 27 carcaças de cabritos machos não-castrados, confinados, sendo 18 ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen e nove Saanen com peso de abate de 30,1 ± 0,27 kg, para avaliar as características quantitativas da carcaça e qualitativas do lombo e da paleta. Os animais foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 2 × 3 (grupo racial × rações). As rações foram constituídas pela inclusão de levedura seca, sendo: farelo de soja, farelo de soja + levedura seca ou levedura seca. Os demais ingredientes das rações foram o feno de aveia (30% da MS), milho moído e mistura mineral. Os pesos de carcaça quente e de carcaça fria, as perdas de peso por resfriamento, o rendimento verdadeiro de carcaça e o índice de compacidade de carcaça não foram influenciados pela inclusão da levedura seca nem pelo grupo racial. O grupo Saanen apresentou maior rendimento comercial de carcaça, porém 15 dias a mais de idade para atingir o peso de abate. Os rendimentos de cortes não foram influenciados, porém ocorreu interação significativa para rendimento de paleta. A levedura seca e o grupo racial não influenciaram as medidas do lombo, a razão músculo:osso, as perdas de peso por cocção, a força de cisalhamento e a composição centesimal. Houve interação significativa entre a inclusão da levedura seca nas rações e o grupo racial para a proporção de músculo do lombo, que foi maior no grupo ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen. Na paleta, a inclusão de levedura seca e o grupo racial não alteraram as proporções de músculo, gordura, teor de proteína e cinzas. Entretanto, no grupo Saanen, a proporção de osso e o teor de umidade foram maiores e teor de lipídios totais menor. O grupo ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen apresentou maior precocidade. A levedura seca é uma fonte proteica alternativa que pode ser incluída em rações para cabritos.

La frecuencia de negro (N), blanco (B), amarillo (A), pardo (P) y otros (O), determinada por observación visual, fue evaluada en 450 hembras tomadas al azar de rebaños típicos, localizados en Paraguaná (R1), Pedregal (R2) y Aregue (R3). El análisis incluyó Chivato Padre (CP), Región, y Grupo Racial: Criollo (G1), entre 5 y 7 (G2), 3 y 5 (G3), 0 y 3 (G4), y 0 octavos (G5) de genes Criollo, como fuentes de variación. El color difiere entre Grupo Racial y Región con P < 0,05. Los valores observados en G1 y G5 fueron de 0,24 ± 0,02 y 0.,0 ± 0,02; 0,36 ± 0,02 y 0,30 ±0,02; 0,25 ± 0,02 y 0,28 ± 0,02; 0,16 ± 0,02 y 0,14 ± 0,02, 0,0 ± 0,0 y 0,0 ± 0,0; para N, B, A, P, y O respectivamente. La mayor diferencia entre Región fue de 0,36 ± 0,02 vs 0,19 ± 0,02 para N en R1 y R2 respectivamente. El color B prevalece en R2 y el A en R3. La razón s² cp/ s² e osciló entre 0,20 y 0,40. Los resultados indican que color puede ser usado para distinguir posibles diferencias entre grupos raciales y subpoblaciones. Frequency of black (N), white (6), yellow (A), brown (P), and other (O) colors, estimated through visual observation, was evaluated in 450 does, randomly taken from typical herds located in Paraguana (R1), Pedregal (R2) and Aregue (R3). The model included effects of buck (CF), Region, and Breed Group: Creole (G1), between 5 and 7 (G2), 3 and 5 (G3), O and 3 (G4), and O eighths (G5) of Creole genes. Frequency of colors differs between Breed Groups and Region with P

Se evaluó el efecto de la alimentación, grupo racial, etapa de lactancia y estado reproductivo sobre la producción láctea en vacas de doble propósito en trópico húmedo. Se utilizaron 402 vacas distribuidas en 23 fundos. Todas las vacas pastoreaban sobre Brachiaria decumbens. La suplementación energética consistió en residuo de cervecería y/o polvillo de arroz. Las vacas fueron asignados a 3 grupos raciales (Bajo, Medio y Alto mestizaje europeo). El análisis estadístico fue por regresiones y “t” Student. Los resultados indicaron que el promedio de producción láctea fue de 4.3 kg/vaca/día. La mayor disponibilidad de B. decumbens tuvo un efecto negativo sobre la producción de leche. Animales suplementados produjeron más leche (5.2 kg/vaca/día) que los no suplementados (3.8 kg/vaca/día). El grupo racial afectó la producción de leche, donde las vacas con medio mestizaje europeo fueron los que más leche produjeron (5.0 kg/vaca/día). El mes de lactancia afectó el rendimiento lácteo de los animales, y las vacas vacías produjeron más leche que las gestantes (4.5 vs. 3.7 kg/vaca/día). Se concluye que la producción de leche estuvo afectada por todas las variables en estudio, pero principalmente por el tipo racial., The effect of feeding, crossbreeding level, lactation period, and reproductive status on milk yield was evaluated in dual purpose cows in the humid tropics of Peru. A total of 204 cows from 23 farms were monitored. All cows grazed over Brachiaria decumbens. Energy supplementation consisted of brewery residues and rice bran. Cows were grouped according to the level of European blood in Low, Medium, and High. Regression analysis and the “t” Student test were applied for statistical comparisons. The higher availability of B. decumbens had a negative effect on milk yield. Supplemented animals yielded more milk (5.2 kg/cow/day) than those non-supplemented (3.8 kg/cow/day). The level of European inheritance affected milk yield, where 50% crossbred cows had the highest milk yield (5.0 kg/cow/day). Month of lactation affected productive performance. Non-pregnant cows produced more milk than the pregnant ones (4.5 vs. 3.7 kg/cow/day). It is concluded that milk yield was affected by all variables under evaluation, especially the level of European blood.

Em um estudo retrospectivo, indivíduos com a forma mucosa da leishmaniose foram pareados (sexo, idade e ocupação) a outros pacientes com a forma cutânea em atividade, não demonstrando-se diferença significante da freqüência nos grupos raciais. Do mesmo modo, o teste intradérmico de Montenegro não se mostrou diferente nos diversos grupos raciais, entre os 96 pares de pacientes estudados. Uma maior enduração foi observada em pacientes com o acometimento mucoso quando comparado aos cutâneos. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT In a retrospective study patients with mucosal leishmaniasis were paired (as regards age sex and occupation) with patients with active cutaneous disease. No signijicant racial dijference could be detected. In the same way the Montenegro cutaneous reaction was not different in 96pairs ofpatients studied as regards different racial groupings. A larger indurated area was observed in patients with mucosal leishmaniasis compared with the cutaneous form.

The aim of this study was to identify the foremost model that depict the lactation curve of dual-purpose crossbred cows under a humid tropical environment. Six models were compared to describe the lactation curves of three breed groups using 1231 milk records of 160 cows. The breed groups were 0-25%, F1 (50%) and 62.5-75% Holstein x Gyr crosses. Parameters of the models and curves were estimated using non-linear procedures. The best model was determined by the Akaike information criterion. Wood, Sikka and Wilmink models provided a good fit to the lactation curves for the breed groups; however, the Wood model was applied to depict the lactation curves, the day at which lactation peak was reached and milk yield at the peak. The aspect of the curves differed according to the breed group. The low graded Holstein cows had typical standard curves, and the F1 and high graded cows had no lactation curve peak. Milk yield at start of lactation increased as the Holstein blood increased. The rate of milk per day was close to zero (0.0813 for 0-25% Holstein cows; 0.0247 for F1 and 0.0023 kg/day for 62.5-75% Holstein cows). The aspect of the lactation curve varied depending on the non-linear model and the grade of Holstein. The shapes of the lactation curves vary according to the breed group from normal to without peak milk yield., El objetivo del estudio fue identificar el principal modelo que represente la curva de lactancia de vacas cruzadas de doble propósito en un ambiente tropical húmedo. Se compararon seis modelos para describir las curvas de lactancia de tres grupos raciales utilizando 1231 registros de leche de 160 vacas. Los grupos raciales fueron 0-25%, F1 (50%) y 62.5-75% cruces Holstein x Gyr. Los parámetros de los modelos y las curvas se estimaron mediante procedimientos no lineales. El mejor modelo fue determinado por el criterio de información de Akaike. Los modelos Wood, Sikka y Wilmink proporcionaron un buen ajuste de las curvas de lactancia; sin embargo, se aplicó el modelo de Wood para representar las curvas de lactancia, el día en que se alcanzó el pico de lactancia y la producción de leche en el pico. El aspecto de las curvas difirió según el grupo racial. Las vacas de bajo grado Holstein tuvieron curvas estándar típicas, pero las vacas F1 y de grado alto no presentaron el pico de la curva de lactancia. La producción de leche al inicio de la lactancia aumentó a medida que aumentaba la sangre Holstein. La tasa de leche por día fue cercana a cero (0.0813 para 0-25 %, 0.0247 para F1 y 0.0023 kg/día para 62.5-75 % de vacas Holstein). El aspecto de la curva de lactancia varió según el modelo no lineal y el grado de Holstein. Las formas de las curvas de lactancia variaron según el grupo racial, desde normal hasta no presentar pico de lactación.