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Purpose: This article investigates the main initiatives that contribute to developing a sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) aimed at entrepreneurs 50+ (E50+) in Brazil. Originality/value: Entrepreneurs 50+ more present in political, social, and academic debates, and the EE emerge as a dynamic force that shapes the economic performance of regions, companies, and individuals. Entrepreneurs 50+ are active in various ecosystems, which can be formal—such as those composed of universities, governments, private initiatives, or funders—and informal—such as those formed by family, friends, or personal contacts. The lack of a specific representation for senior entrepreneurs in ecosystems has been the subject of discussions in the field of scientific knowledge of entrepreneurship. However, they are still incipient in studies in the area. Design/methodology/approach: This is a qualitative and descriptive research. Data was collected through a Focus Group conducted online with seven experts in 50+ entrepreneurship. The data was then entered into the ATLAS.ti software and analyzed using content analysis. Findings: The suggested initiatives focus on coaching training, access to financial resources, training and specialization courses, support, and communication from public and private entities. The survey results point to the need for greater attention from representative bodies concerning this specific niche, highlighting the importance of developing a set of political, governmental, and private initiatives. From an integrated perspective, there is a need to implement actions that minimize poten)tial barriers and trends related to the growth of unemployment among older adults, whose objective is to promote the inclusion of entrepre)neurs 50+ in the EE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a framework that provides an analytical tool to identify key managerial elements and concerns that can improve corporate social innovation (CSI) in organizational culture. It combines a systematic review of the literature and focus group methodologies. The main contribution is the development of a framework composed of analytical categories based on the influence of seven factors and fifteen elements identified from a systematic review of the literature. This article underlines the significant contribution that some factors may play in enabling the role of CSI in organizational culture. This type of research is necessary given the scarcity of proposals in general, and the lack of a specific integrative framework in the field of organizational culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Every year, thousands of students enter higher education, often facing personal and academic challenges. This new phase in their lives involves adapting to increased autonomy, a new routine and a new academic environment, which can result in emotional changes. The feelings experienced in this transition phase can have an impact on their quality of life, their adaptation and their academic success. Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify the emotional states present in the perceptions of first-year undergraduate students, in relation to the period of transition and academic adaptation to higher education. Methodology: This is an exploratory, qualitative study, carried out using a focus group, with content analysis using Nvivo 14 software. The group consisted of nine public higher education students. At the time of data collection, the participants were enrolled in their first year of undergraduate studies in different schools and scientific areas at the same Portuguese institution. Results: The preliminary data shows that the students interviewed tend to characterize their first contact with higher education as a shock. They also described situations of stress, demotivation and doubt associated with not knowing their peers, leaving their parents' home and the new academic reality. On the other hand, emotions of optimism, security and resilience are identified when a favorable relationship is established with teachers and the student is satisfied with the course. Final Considerations: Although negative emotional states were manifested, these tended to dissipate with integration into the institution, support from teachers, the formation of new friendships, and adaptation to new academic demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este estudo avalia a percepção de docentes de uma universidade pública brasileira sobre educação interprofissional (EIP). Professores de Medicina, Odontologia e Enfermagem participaram de grupos focais on-line síncronos refletindo sobre os seguintes tópicos: (1) disciplinas em comum; (2) projetos interprofissionais de pesquisa e extensão; (3) atenção aos determinantes sociais nos planos de tratamento aos usuários; e (4) práticas colaborativas durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Foi usada análise interpretativa descritiva para avaliar quatro grupos focais (n = 10) utilizando instrumento estruturado com 17 itens acerca dos quatro tópicos mencionados. Segundo os docentes, não existem disciplinas comuns entre os cursos da Saúde. Projetos de extensão e de pesquisa com abordagem interprofissional acontecem somente por poucas iniciativas individuais de professores. Segundo os participantes, os alunos consideram os determinantes sociais nos planos de tratamento. Ocorreram poucas práticas colaborativas durante a pandemia. Observou-se a necessidade de orientações sobre EIP para graduação.

The pandemic crisis highlighted the need for a technological and digital transformation of the university, a process that has already begun and that has marked a before and after in the incorporation of technologies in the teaching-learning processes. On the other hand, teachers in training are a privileged group as they are at the end of their training process, in contact with active teachers and will be pillars of social training. For this reason, this study aims to analyze the perceptions of trainee teachers at the University of Granada on the acceptance and inclusion of smartphones in teaching and learning processes, as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic crisis. A qualitative methodology (focus group) was implemented with a sample of 16 trainee teachers belonging to the area of social sciences. The results showed an incorporation of technologies in future teachers, the need for the implementation of smartphones, as well as mobile literacy for students and teachers. In the same way, generational differences, the relevance of motivation and perception in usefulness and ease of use of devices are highlighted. It is concluded that there is a need for training actions in teachers and educational centers to provide an effective response to social and educational needs. For this reason, universities, educational institutions and teachers must strive to understand the scope of mobile teaching and the possibilities of smartphones in increasing motivation and the acquisition of basic skills. Future studies are needed to broaden the scope of analysis to different areas and contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the principles related to analyzing ludic schemes in digital games, with a focus on collecting data about the learning perception and emotions of children (aged 7–11) facing social vulnerability in Parnamirim, Brazil. Two focus group sessions were conducted, one of which involved a questionnaire. After data interpretation through content analysis, it was concluded that children perceive emotions and recognize multiple intelligences during their interaction with the reported games, identifying specific mechanics and moments associated with these emotions. As a secondary finding, it was observed that the adapted session, featuring illustrative cards developed based on previous responses from the children, showed superior performance in questions about learning. The connection between learning and individual engagement, with engagement being intrinsically linked to emotions, is evidenced through the participants’ own perceptions. It was concluded, through literature and practical demonstration that this interaction exists and can be beneficial for learning different skills, with the collection of such data being important for prioritizing the needs of individuals in design and education. The adaptation with cards, tailored to the group’s needs, fosters greater interaction and involvement, aligning with the constructivist notion of children’s participation in research, knowledge to which this study aims to contribute. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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O presente estudo investigou como os processos deuser experience design(UXdesign) são per-cebidos pelos usuários de iPhone levando em consideração a usabilidade da interface e o seuimpacto na percepção e no comportamento de consumo de jovens usuários do Rio de Janeiro.Investigou-se a perspectiva de Solomon (2016) em relação ao comportamento do consumidor noque diz respeito aos conceitos de atitude e percepção, além da ótica de Nielsen (1993) e Norman(1998) quanto às questões técnicas que a UX (experiência do usuário) abrange e, por fim, dascontribuições de Zikmund e Babin (2011) no que tange a realização, tratamento e análise dogrupo focal. As principais contribuições do estudo apontam para a alta relevância de percepçãode alta qualidade da UXdesignem promover experiência de consumo relevante no que abrangequestões relativas à intuitividade, usabilidade, interface de usuário e até mesmo a valores esté-ticos, promovendo a construção de uma fidelidade de longo prazo do usuário com o produto e,consequentemente, com a marca. Esse fato pode ser explicado por o iPhone possuir um sistemaoperacional percebido como de muito fácil uso. Dessa forma, acaba sendo prático para o usuárioter um iPhone para realizar desde suas tarefas de trabalho até as que fazem parte de seu cotidia-no, de maneira rápida e conveniente.

A relação dos seres humanos com as serpentes é algo cada vez mais frequente. Tal interação resulta em conhecimentos populares transmitidos ao longo das gerações, construtores de mitos e crendices que são traduzidos em sentimentos de medo e repulsa sobre estes répteis. Assim, a utilização de estratégias que destaquem a importância ecológica e ambiental das serpentes são importantes na busca da desmistificação necessária à conservação. Nosso estudo buscou verificar a percepção de estudantes do Ensino Médio da rede pública sobre o tema “serpentes”, utilizando diferentes intervenções pedagógicas. Foram utilizados: grupo focal; aula expositiva dialogada e prática demonstrativa com animais fixados, aplicação de questionário e oficina de produção de modelos e textos. O grupo focal revelou aspectos controversos sobre a biologia destes animais e primeiros-socorros, além de relatos de aversão e crendices. As aulas auxiliaram na promoção da empatia e durante a oficina observamos equívocos na representação de estruturas morfológicas, entretanto, verificamos na produção textual uma mudança de concepção sobre crenças de senso comum. Diante do exposto, sugerimos que na abordagem de temas envoltos em mitos e crendices, sejam adotadas diferentes estratégias didáticas, para a promoção da aprendizagem, buscando a empatia sobre a importância que cada grupo animal exerce na natureza.

Objective: To compare, from an empirical point of view, the use of focus group and photovoice as we conducted two studies on food environment in neighbourhoods with different socio-economic profiles. Method: The European project Heart Healthy Hoods studied the association between the physical and social environment of Madrid (Spain) and the cardiovascular health of its residents. Two ancillary studies were developed to further expand the study of urban health inequalities using focus group and photovoice. Both studies, similar in their objectives and study populations, are the basis for comparing both techniques. The comparison considered the following methodological aspects: study design, logistic aspects, commitment and involvement, ethical issues, and data analysis. Results: We identified differences, similarities, potentialities, and limitations of each technique with their corresponding results. We found that depending on the research objectives, one technique was more beneficial than the other. If the objective is producing new knowledge, using focus group would be the most appropriate technique, whereas if the objective includes generating social change, photovoice would be more suitable. We found that photovoice is a powerful technique in public health, especially studying social processes related to population health, requiring extra effort from researchers and a special care with the related ethical considerations. Conclusions: Increasing participants’ awareness, involving decision makers to channel proposals, the atypical role of researchers and ethical implications of photography are aspects to be considered when choosing photovoice instead of focus group. Resumen: Objetivo: Comparar empíricamente el uso del grupo focal y el fotovoz en investigación sobre el entorno alimentario en barrios con diferente perfil socioeconómico. Método: El proyecto europeo Heart Healthy Hoods estudió la asociación entre el entorno físico y social de Madrid y la salud cardiovascular de sus residentes. Dentro de él se desarrollaron dos estudios para analizar las desigualdades en salud utilizando las técnicas del grupo focal y el fotovoz. Ambos estudios, similares en sus objetivos y población diana, fueron la base para comparar las dos técnicas. Consideramos los siguientes aspectos metodológicos: diseño, aspectos logísticos, compromiso e implicación del equipo investigador y de las personas participantes, cuestiones éticas y análisis de los datos. Resultados: Identificamos diferencias, similitudes, potencialidades y limitaciones de cada técnica utilizada con sus correspondientes resultados. Dependiendo de los objetivos, una técnica sería más beneficiosa que la otra. Si el objetivo es producir nuevo conocimiento, el grupo focal sería la técnica más adecuada, mientras que, si el objetivo incluye generar cambio social, el fotovoz sería más apropiado. Consideramos el fotovoz una técnica muy provechosa para la investigación en salud pública, especialmente para estudiar procesos sociales en relación con la salud de la población, aunque requiere un esfuerzo adicional por parte del equipo investigador y de los participantes, y un cuidado especial con las consideraciones éticas. Conclusiones: Aumentar la conciencia de las personas participantes, involucrar a decisores políticos para canalizar las propuestas resultantes, el papel atípico del equipo investigador y las implicaciones éticas de la fotografía son aspectos a considerar si elegimos el fotovoz frente al grupo focal.

Este artículo explora el desarrollo de habilidades docentes para la gestión efectiva de grandes grupos en el contexto de la Educación Musical, a través de una experiencia innovadora implementada en la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de León. La investigación se centra en la creación, organización y enseñanza de una pieza de percusión con instrumentos no convencionales, involucrando a 128 estudiantes de 2º y 4º curso del grado de Educación Primaria. El enfoque pedagógico se basa en la pedagogía constructivista, socio-constructivista y el aprendizaje experiencial, promoviendo un rol activo de los estudiantes en su proceso de aprendizaje y fomentando el desarrollo de competencias sociales, emocionales y creativas. A través de un grupo focal y de la observación participante, se recopilaron datos para analizar la efectividad de las estrategias implementadas y los desafíos enfrentados por los alumnos del 4º curso de la Mención de Educación Musical, principales agentes de la experiencia, en la gestión de grandes grupos. Los resultados destacan la importancia de la formación práctica en aspectos transversales como la gestión de grandes grupos y sugieren la necesidad de seguir explorando y evaluando estrategias pedagógicas innovadoras en este ámbito. Se contribuye al cuerpo de conocimiento existente sobre la gestión de grandes grupos en educación, proporcionando estrategias y prácticas reflexivas para futuros docentes.

Este artigo investiga a recepção e acolhimento de mensagens publicitárias que utilizam “personagens” (animado e humano) e “pessoas reais” para o alcance de consumidores com baixa renda. Para isso, realizamos uma pesquisa de recepção, através de 3 grupos focais nas regiões Nordeste, Centro-Oeste e Sul do Brasil, com homens e mulheres inscritos no "Cadastro Único" do Governo Federal, sistema que agrupa famílias caracterizadas com esse perfil de renda. A pesquisa se fundamentou na perspectiva sociocultural, na qual a comunicação é concebida como um processo cultural complexo e a audiência reconhecida como produtora de sentido. Os resultados apontam para os níveis de eficácia dos formatos para persuadir e engajar esse target em específico e aprendizados que podem nortear a aplicação futura de formatos análogos.

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Objetivo: investigar principais trabalhos científicos utilizando método Grupo Focal com população de idosos usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), identificando seus principais procedimentos metodológicos e limitações de pesquisa. Método: buscou-se no portal CAPES nas bases ScienceDirect, SciELO, Scopus Web of Science e PubMed/MedLine, com as palavras-chave “Grupo Focal”, “Idoso” e “Saúde”, utilizando Methodi Ordinatio para ranqueamento e seleção dos artigos. Resultados: oito artigos, selecionados na última etapa. Realizou-se fichamento dos artigos, classificando-os quanto autores, ano, título, periódico, objetivos, problema, metodologia, sugestões e resultados. Conclusão: o método Grupo focal, utilizado em grupos de idosos, tem muita relevância se aplicado com devido rigor e cuidado que o método e o sujeito/objeto de estudo demandam. As limitações do mesmo se referem principalmente a amostra reduzida e a ausência de alguns critérios em sua aplicação.

Esta pesquisa relata a elaboração dos instrumentos de coletas e análise de dados e a descrição de um instrumento de pesquisa como forma de validar e analisar a viabilidade, e para melhorar e ajustar conforme as sugestões de especialistas na área. A pré-testagem refere-se a uma etapa da pesquisa fundamental para o pesquisador, por adentrar na realização de uma pesquisa de forma a aplicar os instrumentos de coleta de dados de forma experimental e utilizando a metodologia que será aplicada com os participantes na etapa de aplicação da pesquisa. O objetivo desta investigação foi descrever o processo de elaboração dos instrumentos da pesquisa de mestrado intitulada Memórias, Histórias e Processos do NAPNE: Fomento das Políticas de Inclusão como Estratégia de Acesso, Permanência e Êxito dos discentes no IFPI do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Profissional e Tecnológica do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Piauí, Campus Parnaíba. A metodologia utilizada foi através de um Grupo Focal com discussões de estudos de casos de discentes com deficiências visando o acesso, a permanência e o êxito. Os participantes da pesquisa foram três coordenadores com atuação e experiência no NAPNE nos campi do IFPI. Dentre os resultados percebe-se a relevância da utilização da técnica de grupo focal para validação dos instrumentos de coleta de dados. Que com a realização de uma pré-testagem é possível verificar a viabilidade dos instrumentos e aprimorá-los de modo alinhá-los aos objetivos a serem alcançados. Que a utilização dos estudos de casos no grupo focal é possível discutir as especificidades do discente e das situações-problemas de forma a nortear os processos e ações para o acesso, permanência e êxito dos discentes, público do NAPNE.

Objetivo: Este estudo foi desenvolvido por meio de um grupo focal (GF) para compreender a percepção dos participantes de um ensaio clínico sobre o uso de um aplicativo (app) de smartphone (Pacer™) para promover atividade física, associado a técnicas de mudança de comportamento. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa com uso da técnica de análise de conteúdo dos relatos verbais dos participantes. Durante seis meses, participantes de um ensaio clínico com intervenções adaptativas utilizaram o app para smartphone Pacer™, o qual foi associado a técnicas de mudança de comportamento. Resultados: Os participantes apresentaram como facilitadores o fácil manuseio do app, o automonitoramento e o fornecimento de feedback. A possibilidade de competir e o estabelecimento de ranking foram identificados como ferramentas motivacionais essenciais. Além disso, os participantes identificaram como principais barreiras, a falta de infraestrutura adequada para realizar atividade física e a falta de segurança no transporte do smartphone para as atividades. O apoio social de familiares, parceiros e amigos proporcionou apoio importante e facilitou a mudança de comportamento. Considerações finais: Nosso estudo relata desafios e possibilidades para promover mudanças no comportamento de atividade física por meio de apps para smartphones. O GF proporcionou uma melhor compreensão da possibilidade de praticar atividade física.

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Introduction: Qualitative research is closely related to individuals' experiences, with the methodology of Focus Groups (FG) standing out as one of its tools. Thus, the approach to Irritable Bowel Syndrome - from the perspective of mental health and decreased quality of life - is validated as a sensitive topic open to debate through the use of FGs, given its potential to create a welcoming space. Goals: To analyze the application of Focus Groups in addressing sensitive subjects. Methods: This is a cross-sectional qualitative-quantitative study that aims to understand the symptomatology of Irritable Bowel Syndrome among medical students of a public university through the use of Focus Groups, as part of the research project "Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Medical Students of a Public University". In order to guide the discussion, Focus Groups were conducted using questions inspired by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Short-Form 6 (SF-6D) questionnaire, which assesses quality of life. Results: The results indicate that qualitative research allows for the incorporation of more meaning to quantitative elements. The adherence to the qualitative phase of the research was low, with many participants dropping out due to discomfort in discussing bowel habits. During individual conversations, a welcoming environment was created, allowing participants to feel comfortable in sharing details about intimate topics. In focus groups, participants used humor to discuss embarrassing subjects. The results indicate that gastrointestinal disorders affect the mental health and academic performance of university students. Final considerations: The high significance of the online Focus Group methodology was evident, given the detailed information obtained about the participants' perspectives, which are relevant to the research outcome. Furthermore, the Focus Group was observed as a welcoming environment for sharing intimate topics and experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introdução: A utilização de Grupos Focais no Desenvolvimento e Avaliação de Programas está descrita na literatura (Magill, 1993; Tümen-Akyıldız & Ahmed, 2021). Objetivos: Identificação de barreiras e facilitadores do desempenho dos serviços do SNSA em Cabinda. Material e Métodos: Estudo descritivo, exploratório (qualitativo), com formação de um Grupo Focal (GF), com o objetivo de identificar problemas prioritários, barreiras percecionadas e propostas de solução na forma de “fatores facilitadores” relativamente à implementação de um painel de indicadores de qualidade para os serviços municipalizados de saúde. Para o efeito procedeu-se à criação de um painel constituído por Gestores das unidades assistenciais e de formação previamente mapeadas (Macosso et al., 2022): 7 Gestores principais (Diretores Gerais), 2 Gestores de Recursos Humanos (RH) das Unidades assistenciais do nível primário, 2 Quadros Responsáveis da Secretaria Provincial da Saúde, 1 Director Clínico, 1 Directora de Enfermagem e 3 Gestores das Escolas de Formação da Província de Cabinda. Foi administrado o formulário de informações aos participantes do painel antes de iniciar a discussão do GF. Foi transmitido o objetivo de o GF promover a auto-revelação entre os participantes, respondendo a perguntas numa dinâmica de grupo, não individual, suscitando o diálogo e valorizando comentários. Resultados: Foram identificados pelo painel como fundamentais, 7 categorias de Barreiras: Formação de RH, Estatutos Orgânicos, Quadros de Pessoal e Regulamentos internos das unidades de saúde (US) primárias, Fatores motivacionais na gestão de RH, Participação dos liderados nas ações de tomada de decisão para o funcionamento das US, Gestão das US, Barreiras ligadas à gestão das US e Sistemas de informação. Para os problemas identificados, foram apresentadas propostas de solução, o nível hierárquico de responsabilização para garantir a solução e o período para a sua execução. Conclusões: Como resultado do GF, apresenta-se uma proposta de plano de intervenção multissectorial para a melhoria do desempenho dos serviços. É evidenciada a necessidade de um Plano Estratégico de Formação dos RH e são analisadas recomendações úteis materializadas em Indicadores de Saúde (IdS) que poderão contribuir para a melhoria da implementação da Municipalização dos Serviços da Saúde no país.

This paper deals with the role of the moderator in using the focus group for collecting data in academic research. It includes a brief literature review of narrative character about the concept, origin and characteristics of this technique. It shows the skills needed for the practice of the role of moderator and best methods for developing such dynamics of information collection. For the literature review, the articles were accessed through the portals: Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel and Google Scholar. It shows the results from the Brazilian Digital Base of Theses and Dissertations; communication and information journals classified as A1, A2 and B1; and the annals of the XX National Research Meeting in Information Science, about the use of the focus group in graduate work. It presents postdoctoral work that approaches the role of moderator as a critical success factor in data collection. It concludes that the moderator needs to develop conceptual, procedural, and attitudinal skills, of which the latter is the most required. It emphasizes that the researcher can play the role of the moderator or act as a second moderator or an observer and pass this role on to someone with experience in group coordination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Resumo: Este artigo apresenta e discute a autoconfrontação cruzada em grupo focal como recurso metodológico para pesquisas em Educação. O procedimento foi elaborado e explorado no âmbito de uma pesquisa sobre a circulação de saberes entre docentes em espaços formativos sistematizados. A proposta metodológica resultante encontra respaldo, de um lado, em pressupostos ligados à clínica da atividade, especialmente nos trabalhos de Yves Clot - que propõe os procedimentos de autoconfrontação simples e cruzada - e, de outro, na tradição dos grupos focais, cujo emprego em pesquisas educacionais vem se disseminando e ampliando nas últimas décadas. Trata-se de procedimento afinado aos pressupostos da pesquisa qualitativa, voltada à produção de conhecimentos que nos auxiliem na interpretação da realidade vivida pelos sujeitos. Considera-se que a autoconfrontação cruzada em grupo focal constitui alternativa interessante para a investigação de temas complexos - como costuma ser o caso na Educação -, oferecendo, ainda, possibilidades para intervenções de ordem formativa em grupos sociais.

This article has the objective to characterize the focal group as a qualitative methodology research technique for approaching the territory, being a tool to produce the necessary data from the perspective of a representative group of participants with common characteristics. This methodological strategy was able to highlight the importance of the perspective of the population about complex themes, valuing different knowledge and readings of the territory, in addition to their participation in the role of agents capable of promoting change, even though it's not usual in the field of Architecture and Urbanism. The research mainly focused on the vulnerable population in the city of Campinas, in relation to the diseases Dengue and COVID-19, based on primary data mapping in the period between March 2020 and September 2021. Reaching out to civil society entities, it was possible to organize focal groups to discuss their understanding and perception of the pandemic situation. Applying this methodology proved to be essential for the investigation of a complex and unexpected scenario, with the overlapping of diseases and the significant change in the quality of life for these populations, refering to aspects in their residences and their perception of the public management of the pandemic, also depending on the sensibility of the researchers for a coherent development of the discussions. Finally, the methodology proved to be conducive to create a relaxed and safe environment for participants to talk about their problems and reflect on the impacts of both diseases on their day by day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: To compare, from an empirical point of view, the use of focus group and photovoice as we conducted two studies on food environment in neighbourhoods with different socio-economic profiles., Method: The European project Heart Healthy Hoods studied the association between the physical and social environment of Madrid (Spain) and the cardiovascular health of its residents. Two ancillary studies were developed to further expand the study of urban health inequalities using focus group and photovoice. Both studies, similar in their objectives and study populations, are the basis for comparing both techniques. The comparison considered the following methodological aspects: study design, logistic aspects, commitment and involvement, ethical issues, and data analysis., Results: We identified differences, similarities, potentialities, and limitations of each technique with their corresponding results. We found that depending on the research objectives, one technique was more beneficial than the other. If the objective is producing new knowledge, using focus group would be the most appropriate technique, whereas if the objective includes generating social change, photovoice would be more suitable. We found that photovoice is a powerful technique in public health, especially studying social processes related to population health, requiring extra effort from researchers and a special care with the related ethical considerations., Conclusions: Increasing participants' awareness, involving decision makers to channel proposals, the atypical role of researchers and ethical implications of photography are aspects to be considered when choosing photovoice instead of focus group., (Copyright © 2024 SESPAS. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Este artigo tem como objetivo caracterizar a utilização dos grupos focais como metodologia qualitativa para aproximação ao território urbano, sendo uma ferramenta de produção de dados a partir da percepção de um grupo representativo de participantes com características em comum. A estratégia metodológica, pouco utilizada no campo da Arquitetura e Urbanismo, destacou a importância da visão da população acerca de temáticas complexas, valorizando diferentes saberes e leituras do território, além da sua inserção no papel de agente capaz de promover mudanças. A pesquisa se concentrou na população em situação de vulnerabilidade do município de Campinas em relação às doenças Dengue e COVID-19, a partir de mapeamentos de dados primários entre o período de março de 2020 a setembro de 2021. Em contato com entidades da sociedade civil, foi possível organizar grupos focais para a discussão de sua compreensão e percepção sobre ambas as doenças aplicando grupos focais em dois locais, o que se mostrou essencial para a investigação de um cenário complexo e inesperado, com a sobreposição das doenças e uma mudança significativa na qualidade de vida destas populações referente aos aspectos de suas habitações e à percepção da gestão pública da pandemia, dependendo também da sensibilidade dos pesquisadores para que as discussões se desenvolvessem de maneira coerente. Por fim, a metodologia do grupo focal se mostrou propícia para se criar um ambiente descontraído e seguro para os participantes falarem sobre suas problemáticas e refletirem sobre os impactos de ambas as doenças em seu dia a dia.

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Copyright of Human Review is the property of Eagora Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The impact of technological tools in the educational field is unquestionable. The smartphone has established itself as the device with greater versatility and applicability in the academic/personal context of the subjects. For this reason, the following study addresses, from a longitudinal qualitative approach, the knowledge, use, benefits, and difficulties of the pedagogical application of smartphones, as well as the training needs perceived by higher education teachers, understanding the evolution of this trend in the last seven years. The participating sample is made up of 32 lecturers belonging to five Spanish universities, through the realization of six focus groups during the 2014-2015 and 2021-2022 academic years. The main results show that the lecturers value favorably the possibilities of the tool for communication and information search. However, in recent times more skeptical and critical evaluations are perceived, considering that the smartphone has not brought about the expected qualitative leap in the teaching methodologies applied in the classroom. Promoting the critical, responsible, and context-specific use of the mobile device, while effectively applying its technological possibilities in the creation of constructive pedagogical experiences in a temporally and spatially specified manner, may be one of the keys to a harmonious and not overloaded coexistence between academic and life experiences mediated with and without technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Identifying the factors that influence Uberlandia consumers' behavior in choosing omnichannel retailers. Methodology/approach: The exploratory research was designed and carried out through five focus groups with a sample of 22 volunteers aged from 18 to 44 years old, who had experience in omnichannel shopping. Main results: Consumers who participated in the study stated that their expectations when buying from omnichannel companies include: the trust in the company that manages the channel and, in the carrier (when it is not the same company); clarity and quality of information (such as availability and stock information); possibility of purchase regret; equal prices between channels of the same company; and, above all, seamless integration among channels. Academic and practical contributions: the study contributes to broadening the theoretical understanding of the omnichannel environment from the consumer's perspective, considering its acceptance and use of technologies. Understanding the consumers' perception about the purchase channels offered by multichannel companies can provide opportunities to improve the channels and the experience of consumers, as well as create competitive advantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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RESUMO: A atuação qualificada do professor de Educação Especial é condição fundamental para o apoio à inclusão escolar do público-alvo em diferentes contextos escolares. Este estudo objetivou analisar a atuação do professor de Educação Especial no cenário da pandemia da Covid-19. Os dados foram coletados por meio da técnica de grupo focal on-line, com a participação de seis professoras. Das experiências compartilhadas nos encontros, foi possível elaborar três eixos temáticos: Os desafios vividos pelas professoras da Educação Especial; Contextos vivenciados pelas professoras da Educação Especial na escola; e Fortalezas, perspectivas e pontos positivos da inclusão escolar. A inclusão escolar é um projeto coletivo que pressupõe ações coordenadas e exige adesão de todos os segmentos da sociedade civil, não apenas da escola. Os professores de Educação Especial perceberam-se implicados no processo inclusivo, ainda que não haja envolvimento total das equipes educacionais, o que os faz se sentirem isolados e desamparados diante de algumas situações desafiadoras. Compreender o olhar dos professores de Educação Especial oferece subsídios para o planejamento da Educação Especial, na perspectiva da inclusão.

Introduction: The type 2 diabetes mellitus is a health problem worldwide. There is a growing interest for the quality of integral care at primary level and focused on the patient. Objective: To identify the main barriers from the perspective of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus on their integral care, in selected health areas. Methods: A qualitative, descriptive and cross-sectional investigation was carried out during 2017, for which 6 focal groups were created. The sample was constituted by 56 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, belonging to José Antonio Echeverría, Héroes del Moncada polyclinics and the Diabetic Care Center, in Cárdenas, the province of Matanzas, as well as Carlos J. Finlay, Julián Grimau polyclinics and the Diabetic Care Center in the municipality of Santiago de Cuba, in the province with the same name. Results: There was a prevalence of the elderly from the female sex. The barriers were related to the pharmacological and non pharmacological treatment, the follow up in the health services, as well as the support and the communication on the part of the health staff in the family doctor offices; this latter affected the relationship health staff - patient. Conclusion: In spite of the different geographical contexts there were points shared by them. As one takes the control with relevant strategies to eliminate the barriers perceived by the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, their health state will improve.

Technology is a cross-cutting subject of knowledge and skills in the Secondary Education curriculum. Its curricular content demands constant changes due to the requirements posed by society and educational laws in Spain. This article presents a qualitative empirical research, whose methodology is based on the Grounded Theory. Although the objective of the research is broader, for reasons of space, the part corresponding to the analysis of the organizational and curricular context from the teachers' perspective is presented here. The interviewers' data collection was through observation, field diary, and audio recording of the focus groups, with the participation of 68 teachers from 17 Secondary Schools in the province of Valencia, reaching theoretical saturation in the eighth school. The fieldwork was carried out between October 2019 and February 2020. The Atlas.ti software (v.8) was used for data processing, which allowed open, axial, co-occurrence and selective coding. The conclusions of the study are: (1) the difference in infrastructure, size and ratio have an impact on educational quality, (2) institutional coordination is necessary to adapt the student transition between the different educational levels, (3) school organization together with a fragmented curriculum in core, specific and free configuration subjects, hinder the acquisition of competencies, and (4) the choice of STEM subjects depends on the gender of the students and their family environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this article is to present contributions and dilemmas of different actors in the process of innovation in educational spaces. For that, we sought to understand constitutive aspects that favor or impede the process of using Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), investigating factors of sensible reason (MAFFESOLI, 1998) that justify the resistance to the process of appropriation and use of these technologies with purpose pedagogical. The methodology for answering to this set of questions was provided with the application of a Focal Group (FG) composed of teachers, from different Brazilian regions, with experience in teacher training and performance in High School. The Hangout tool was considered as a means of realizing the virtual FG, mediated by ICT. This study investigated the valid and reasoned inferences, based on the analysis of the data produced in the Group, of real situations, in contexts placed by teacher trainers for the use of ICT in the educational spaces, which could serve as a database in later works of a same nature. The results of the study indicate that resources exist, however, they are little used in function of the quality of the continuous formation that, in the majority, does not attend to the pedagogical purposes as an example of the practices to be developed in the educative spaces; For the actors involved in the innovation process, from school principals to students, resistance looms, a fact that reinforces the importance of understanding this movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this work we present a qualitative research, in which we used the technique of focal group to investigate the views of biological science undergraduate students about Science, Technology, Society and their interrelations in order to understand their positions on the process of scientific literacy. The research was carried out with a group of 12 students from a public university in Rio de Janeiro. A roadmap for focus group activity was drawn up containing stimulus materials such as comic books, questions, and a clipping of academic work. The data collection was performed through audio recordings and its analysis was done through the transcribed activity. The group presented initially positive conceptions about science and technology, but with the course of the activity they converge towards more conscious positions on the subject. The participants discuss social inequality in the distribution of knowledge on scientific and technological issues. They agree that it is unethical for a scientific education for all to have a pre-established purpose, such as that of the individual's professional training, but they believe there is a level of knowledge about science that they consider to be essential to the lives of all people.

Resumo O jornalismo, como outras indústrias, foi profundamente impactado pelas transformações da era digital e do mundo do trabalho. Observa-se, porém, uma lacuna na produção acadêmica envolvendo trabalho e jornalismo. Ademais, há poucos estudos sobre demissão que abordam o fenômeno a partir de uma perspectiva ampliada, identificando como a demissão afeta a perspectiva do sujeito e força o trabalhador a refletir sobre as projeções futuras da profissão e da carreira. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é compreender como jornalistas que vivenciaram demissões coletivas enxergam o futuro da profissão e da carreira. Neste estudo, qualitativo e exploratório, foram entrevistados 18 jornalistas, em 3 grupos focais (GF), e 1 especialista no tema. Como resultados, a demissão, ao evidenciar a vulnerabilização da carreira jornalística - em que a precarização, a desesperança em obter melhoras e o desmantelamento dos laços pessoais refletem dilemas e sofrimentos causados pela perda do sentido do trabalho - representou um ponto de inflexão na carreira dos entrevistados (DELUCA e ROCHA-DE-OLIVEIRA, 2016). Uma parte dos entrevistados deixou o jornalismo e a maioria dos demais planeja sair ou não tem certeza se permanecerá na profissão e responsabiliza-se pela busca de saídas. Como contribuições, este estudo aproxima e aborda simultaneamente as perspectivas micro e macro (ABBOTT, 1993), enfoque raramente encontrado nos estudos nacionais em Administração, e intersecciona temas em geral discutidos isoladamente: carreira, demissão e relações de trabalho. Além disso, contribui com os estudos de carreira, ao adotar a perspectiva do ponto de inflexão na análise da demissão, em geral centrada na vivência e nos impactos negativos nos estudos sobre o tema (VACLAVIK, PITHAN, AVILA et al., 2017a). Por fim, expande o interesse de análise para uma ocupação externa à Administração, cuja produção tem absoluto predomínio endógeno.

Expert Committee is the stage IV for the process of cross cultural adaptation. The expert committee’s role is to consolidate all the versions of the questionnaire and develop what would be considered the prefinal version of the questionnaire for field testing. In this article, the method aims to obtain semantic, idiomatic, experiential and conceptual equivalence of the Sensory Processing Measure - Preschool source and target version by an expert committee. A purposely selected group of professionals, composed of four occupational therapists specialized in sensory processing disorders intervention with more than ten years’ experience in paediatrics, together with a specialist in the translation and validation of instruments, formed the focus group. They compared the two versions (SPM-P Home Form and School Form) and made significant changes to the instrument at a weekly meeting for a consecutive month in order to adapt it to Portuguese culture. The expert committee achieved equivalence between the source and target version in four areas: Semantic equivalence, Idiomatic equivalence, Experiential equivalence and Conceptual equivalence. Several items were adapted and the instrument can now be pre-tested and can start collecting a sample of a hundred children.

The aim of the study was to explore the opinions of the volunteers about the plyometric training protocol associated with resistance (PTRE) and virtual (VT) exercises for injury prevention. This approach was chosen considering that patients' perceptions in general could be neglected. Data collection took place with two Focus Groups (FGs) and to this end, an invitation was made to seven participants from both groups who had already completed the training. A meeting was held, with an average duration of 60 minutes for each intervention group, and a trained moderator conducted it; the sessions were recorded on audio and later transcribed for analysis. The participants reported the increase of physical conditioning, endurance and muscle strength in both training sessions. It was concluded that in PTRE, the issue of improved balance and stability of lower limbs was highlighted, while in VT the improvement of concentration and disposition for the daily routine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Adicciones is the property of Sociedad Cientifica Espanola de Estudios sobre el Alcohol and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)